JP3225724B2 - Vehicle air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicular air conditioning system having a vapor compression cycle in which a refrigerant is circulated to a vehicle exterior heat exchanger and a vehicle interior heat exchanger by driving a compressor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional vehicle air conditioner, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-290475 and Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 2-130808, a four-way valve controls the flow of refrigerant during a heating operation and during a heating operation. In the heating operation, the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment is used as a heat sink, and the heat exchanger inside the vehicle is used as a radiator.
It is known that a heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment is used as a radiator and a heat exchanger inside the vehicle compartment is used as a heat absorber.

[0003] Specifically, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-290475
The cooling and heating device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. H10-26095 will be described with reference to FIG. That is, during the heating operation, the four-way valve 2 is switched as shown by the solid line, and the refrigerant is supplied from the compressor 1 to the four-way valve 2.
→ 1st interior heat exchanger 3 → heating heat exchanger 4 → 2nd interior heat exchanger 5 → expansion valve 6 → exterior heat exchanger 7 → four-way valve 2
→ The receiver 8 → circulates with the compressor 1, and the first vehicle interior heat exchanger 3 radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 to the air introduced by the blower fan 9 to generate warm air for vehicle interior heating. And heat exchanger 4 for heating is engine 1
The second heat exchanger 5 absorbs the waste heat from the refrigerant into the air, and the second heat exchanger 5 radiates the heat of the refrigerant to the air introduced by the blower fan 11 to generate warm air for heating the vehicle interior. The exchanger 7 absorbs the heat of the outside air introduced by the fan 12 into the refrigerant. During the cooling operation, the four-way valve 2 is switched as shown by the dotted line, and the refrigerant is compressed 1 → the exterior heat exchanger 7 → the expansion valve 6 → the second interior heat exchanger 5 → the first interior heat exchanger 3 → The four-way valve 2 → the receiver 8 → the compressor 1 circulates, and the exterior heat exchanger 7 radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 to the outside air, and the first and second interior heat exchangers 3.
5 absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the blower fans 9 and 11 into the refrigerant to produce cold air for vehicle interior cooling.

[0004]

In such a conventional example, the flow of the refrigerant is reversed by the four-way valve 2 between the heating operation and the cooling operation, and the heat exchanger 7 outside the passenger compartment is heated during the heating operation. As well as using the vehicle interior heat exchangers 3 and 5 as radiators to generate warm air for vehicle interior heating. During cooling operation, the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 7 is used as a radiator and Since the heat exchangers 3 and 5 are used as heat absorbers to generate cold air for cooling the vehicle interior, it can be used in climatic conditions such as when the outside air temperature is low, when running, when it rains, and when it snows. When the heating operation is performed, the amount of heat absorbed by the heat exchanger 7 outside the vehicle compartment decreases. Then, assuming that the work amount of the compressor 1 is constant, the heat radiation amount in the vehicle interior heat exchangers 3 and 5, which radiates the total heat amount of the heat absorption amount from the external heat exchanger 7 and the work amount of the compressor 1 Decreases,
Heating capacity decreases. In addition, under the above climatic conditions, a frost phenomenon is likely to occur, and the number of times of the defrost operation is increased, so that a stable heating operation may not be obtained.

Further, since the flow direction of the refrigerant changes between the cooling operation and the heating operation, both the pipes on the exterior heat exchanger 7 side and the interior heat exchangers 3, 5 endure high temperature and high pressure. It was necessary to change the pipe diameter and the like.

Furthermore, during the heating operation, waste heat from the engine 10 is absorbed to generate warm air for heating the interior of the vehicle, which is not suitable for vehicles having no large heat source such as solar cars and electric cars.

On the other hand, the applicant of the present application has filed Japanese Patent Application No. 3-34.
No. 5950 proposes a new vehicle air conditioner. In this device, a heat-dissipating vehicle interior heat exchanger is provided in addition to a heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, and switching is performed by a three-way valve. According to such a device, it is possible to improve the cooling and heating capacity with stable control irrespective of climatic conditions outside the vehicle compartment, without requiring a significant design change, suitable for electric vehicles, etc., and to perform dehumidifying heating. Can be.

More specifically, FIG. 22 shows that the three-way valve 32 is switched as shown by the solid line during the heating operation, and the refrigerant flows from the compressor 31 to the three-way valve 32 to the heat-exchanger interior heat exchanger 33 to the liquid. The air circulated through the tank 36 → the expansion valve 34 → the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 → the compressor 31, and the air introduced by the blower fan was cooled by heat exchange in the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 to be cooled and dehumidified. Thereafter, the air is heated by heat exchange in the heat-dissipating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 to generate warm air for vehicle interior heating.

During the cooling operation, the three-way valve 32 is switched as shown by the dotted line, and the refrigerant is supplied from the compressor 31 → the three-way valve 32 → the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle interior → the check valve 70 → the heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation inside the vehicle. → Liquid tank 36 → Expansion valve 34 → Heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 → Circulator 31 circulates, and vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 radiates heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from compressor 31 to the outside air, and blower fan Is introduced into the heat exchanger 35, the heat is exchanged by the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 to be cooled, and cool air for vehicle interior cooling is produced.

[0010] In such a cooling and heating apparatus, since the refrigerant flows while avoiding the outside heat exchanger 38 during the heating operation, even when the outside air temperature is lower than 5 ° C, the cooling of the outside heat exchanger 38 is performed. The air conditioner can be operated without being affected by freezing.

On the other hand, if the input to the compressor 31 is W, the heat quantity for cooling and dehumidifying the air in the cabin is QE, and the heat quantity for heating the dense air is QC, W = QC-QE. Since the amount of heating is QC-QE, the compressor power is directly used as the amount of heating of the cabin air, and the temperature of the cabin can be adjusted by controlling the compressor 31. Therefore, when the outside temperature is 5
In a slightly cold environment of about 15 ° C., the weak heating operation can be performed by controlling the input to the compressor 31.

However, in a slightly cold environment where the outside air temperature is about 5 to 15 ° C., the outside heat exchanger 38 is not used although the heat can be absorbed from the outside air. However, there was a limit in improving the coefficient of performance. In particular, in an electric vehicle, unlike a gasoline-powered vehicle, the consumption of electric energy greatly affects the mileage, so that strict management of the energy consumption of the compressor 31 is required. For this reason, further improvement in the coefficient of performance is desired.

During the heating operation, the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment is used.
The three-way valve 32 and the check valve 7 provided in the pipe connected to the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment in order to prevent the refrigerant from flowing.
0 through the slight gap in the valve seal section.
Refrigerant gradually invades inside and accumulates as it is (sleeps down)
There was a problem. For this reason, the operating refrigeration cycle side (compressor 31 → heat-dissipating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 →
In some cases, the refrigerant in the expansion valve 34 → the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption and the refrigerant in the compressor 31) becomes insufficient, and the capacity may be slightly reduced during the heating operation.

For this reason, it is necessary to take measures to effectively return the refrigerant in the outside heat exchanger 38 to the refrigeration cycle on the working side. Accordingly, the first object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle air conditioner that can perform a heating operation from an environment where the outside air temperature is extremely cold to a slightly higher environment, and that consumes less energy.
The purpose of.

It is a second object of the present invention to provide a vehicular air-conditioning apparatus capable of returning refrigerant accumulated in a heat exchanger outside a vehicle compartment during a heating operation to an operation cycle side and preventing a decrease in performance.

[0016]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first aspect of the present invention is a compressor for adding work to a refrigerant, a vehicle exterior heat exchanger for exchanging heat of the refrigerant with outside air,
A heat-dissipating vehicle interior heat exchanger that radiates heat of the refrigerant to the air introduced by the blowing means to generate warm air, expansion means for adiabatically expanding the refrigerant, and absorbs heat of the air introduced by the blowing means into the refrigerant. A heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger that produces cold air by a predetermined flow path, and a refrigerant flow path switching means for switching a flow path of a refrigerant discharged from the compressor. During cooling operation, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows through the expansion means, the heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, and the compressor at least through the vehicle exterior heat exchanger in order, and during the heating operation, the vehicle exterior heat exchange The heat exchanger, the heat exchanger, the expansion means, the heat absorber, the heat exchanger, and the compressor. Outdoor heat exchange Characterized in that switched to through the order of the vessel compressor to flow in the order.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the vehicle air conditioner according to the first aspect, wherein a vehicle interior thermal environment state detecting means for detecting a vehicle interior thermal environment state, and a vehicle interior thermal environment state operated by an occupant. Setting means, compressor control means for controlling the compressor by the outputs of the detection means and the setting means, and the refrigerant flow switching in accordance with the outputs of the cabin thermal environment detecting means and the cabin thermal environment state setting means Switching control means for controlling the switching of the means.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the cooling / heating apparatus for a vehicle according to the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means includes
The first four-way valve comprises a second four-way valve and a refrigerant avoidance valve, and the first four-way valve is provided with a refrigerant discharge side and a suction side of the compressor, a refrigerant suction side of the exterior heat exchanger, and a second four-way valve. Connected between the second four-way valve and the first four-way valve, the refrigerant outflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, the refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger, and the heat absorbing side. Connected between the refrigerant outflow side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger and the refrigerant bypass valve, and connected to the first four-way valve and the refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger and the second
And a four-way valve.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the vehicle air conditioner of the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means comprises a first,
A second four-way valve and a refrigerant control valve, wherein the first four-way valve is provided between a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, a refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, and the heat radiation interior heat exchanger. Connected between the refrigerant inflow side and the second four-way valve, and connecting the second four-way valve to the first four-way valve and the refrigerant outflow side of the external heat exchanger and the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchange Connected between the refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger and the refrigerant suction side of the compressor, the refrigerant control valve, the second four-way valve and the refrigerant outflow side of the vehicle exterior heat exchanger and the first four-way valve, It is characterized in that it is connected between the refrigerant inlet side of the heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the cooling and heating apparatus for a vehicle according to the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means comprises a first,
The first four-way valve comprises a second four-way valve and a refrigerant avoidance valve, and the first four-way valve has a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, a refrigerant suction side of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, the second four-way valve, and the heat absorption. The second four-way valve, the first four-way valve and the refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, and the heat exchange between the heat radiation chamber and the first four-way valve. Connected between the refrigerant inflow side of the heat exchanger and the refrigerant outflow side of the expansion valve, and connecting the refrigerant avoidance valve to the second four-way valve, the first four-way valve, and the refrigerant outflow side of the vehicle exterior heat exchanger. It is characterized by being connected between.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the vehicle air conditioner according to the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means comprises a first,
A second four-way valve and a refrigerant control valve, wherein the first four-way valve is a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, a refrigerant inflow side of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, the second four-way valve, and the heat absorption. The second four-way valve is connected to the refrigerant outflow side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger, and the second four-way valve is connected to the first four-way valve and the refrigerant outflow side of the exterior heat exchanger and the heat radiation interior heat exchanger. A refrigerant inflow side is connected to a refrigerant suction side of the compressor, and the refrigerant avoidance valve is connected between the first four-way valve and a refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger and the second four-way valve. It is characterized by having done.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the vehicle air conditioner of the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means comprises a first,
A second four-way valve, wherein the first four-way valve includes a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, a refrigerant inflow side of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, a second four-way valve, and the heat exchanger for heat radiation. The second four-way valve is connected to the first four-way valve, the refrigerant outflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorption interior heat exchanger, and the compressor. Connected to the refrigerant suction side.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the cooling and heating apparatus for a vehicle according to the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means comprises a first,
A second four-way valve, wherein the first four-way valve includes a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, a refrigerant inflow side of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, a second four-way valve, and the heat exchanger for heat radiation. The second four-way valve is connected to the first four-way valve, the refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle interior, the refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger inside the vehicle interior for heat radiation, and the heat absorption. It is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle air conditioner of the first aspect, the refrigerant flow switching means includes a first,
The first four-way valve is constituted by second and third four-way valves, and the first four-way valve is connected to a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, a refrigerant inflow side of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, the second four-way valve, and the heat-radiating vehicle interior. The second four-way valve is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the heat exchanger, and the second four-way valve is connected to the first four-way valve and the refrigerant outflow side of the exterior heat exchanger.
Connected to the four-way valve and the refrigerant suction side of the compressor,
The third four-way valve is connected to the refrigerant outflow side of the second four-way valve, the expansion valve, and the refrigerant inflow side and the outflow side of the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle air conditioner according to the first aspect, the refrigerant flow switching means comprises first, second, and third four-way valves, and A four-way valve connected to a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, a refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, the second four-way valve, and a refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger, The four-way valve is connected to the first four-way valve, the refrigerant outflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, the refrigerant outflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger, and the third
And the third four-way valve is connected to the second four-way valve, the refrigerant inflow side and the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, and the refrigerant suction side of the compressor. It is characterized by having done.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the cooling / heating apparatus for a vehicle according to the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means is configured to perform the heat exchange between the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and the exterior heat exchange during the second heating operation. It has a parallel auxiliary pipe which makes a vessel parallel.

The twelfth aspect of the present invention is the first or the first aspect.
2. The vehicle cooling / heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means connects the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger to one side of the vehicle exterior heat exchanger. A second parallel auxiliary pipe communicating between a refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and the other side of the exterior heat exchanger; and a first refrigerant flow path adjustment provided in the first parallel auxiliary pipe. Means and a second refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in the second parallel auxiliary pipe.

The invention of claim 13 is claim 1 or claim 1.
2. The vehicle cooling / heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means connects the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger to one side of the exterior heat exchanger. A second parallel auxiliary pipe connecting the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and the other side of the exterior heat exchanger, and a first refrigerant flow path adjustment provided in the first parallel auxiliary pipe. Means and a second refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in the second parallel auxiliary pipe.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle cooling / heating apparatus according to the first aspect, the refrigerant flow switching means is configured to exchange heat with the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and the exterior heat exchange during the second heating operation. It is characterized by having a series auxiliary pipe in which a vessel is connected in series.

The invention of claim 15 is claim 1 or claim 1.
5. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 4, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means connects the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger to one side of the exterior heat exchanger. A second series auxiliary pipe connecting the refrigerant suction side of the compressor and the other side of the exterior heat exchanger,
A first refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided on the series auxiliary pipe and a second refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided on the second series auxiliary pipe; and a first refrigerant flow path between the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger and the compressor.
A third refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided between the series auxiliary pipe and the second series auxiliary pipe is provided.

[0031] The invention of claim 16 is claim 1 or claim 1.
5. The air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means includes a first series auxiliary pipe connecting a refrigerant outflow side of the expansion means and one side of the exterior heat exchanger, A second series auxiliary pipe connecting the refrigerant inflow side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger and the other side of the exterior heat exchanger, a first refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in the first series auxiliary pipe, and a second series auxiliary pipe A second refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in the auxiliary pipe; a third refrigerant pipe provided between the expansion means and the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger and between the first series auxiliary pipe and the second series auxiliary pipe. And a refrigerant flow path adjusting means.

[0032] The invention of claim 17 is claim 1 or claim 1.
5. The air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means includes a four-way valve interposed between the heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger and the compressor; A first series auxiliary pipe communicating with one side of the exchanger; a second series auxiliary pipe communicating with the four-way valve and the other side of the exterior heat exchanger; and a second series auxiliary pipe provided on the first series auxiliary pipe. It is characterized by comprising: one refrigerant flow path adjusting means and a second refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in the second series auxiliary pipe.

[0033] The invention of claim 18 is claim 1 or claim 1.
5. The vehicle cooling / heating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means includes a four-way valve interposed between the expansion means and the heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, and the four-way valve and the outside of the vehicle interior. A first series auxiliary pipe communicating with one side of the heat exchanger, a second series auxiliary pipe communicating with the four-way valve and the other side of the exterior heat exchanger, and the first series auxiliary pipe. It is characterized by comprising a first refrigerant flow path adjusting means and a second refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in the second series auxiliary pipe.

The invention of claim 19 is the invention of claim 12 or claim 1.
3. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 17, wherein the first refrigerant flow path adjusting means is a two-way valve or a check valve, and the second refrigerant flow path adjusting means is a two-way valve. It is a one-way valve.

According to a twentieth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle air conditioner according to the fifteenth or sixteenth aspect, the first refrigerant flow path adjusting means is a two-way valve or a check valve. The third refrigerant flow path adjusting means is a two-way valve.

The twenty-first aspect of the present invention provides the first and eleventh aspects.
The vehicle cooling / heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising: a cabin thermal environment state detecting unit that detects a cabin thermal environment state, and mainly according to the detected cabin thermal environment state. Switching control means for performing switching control of the refrigerant flow switching means so as to perform the first heating operation when the room temperature is stable and to perform the second heating operation when the room temperature is transient such as at the beginning of heating mainly when the room temperature is transient. I do.

The invention of claim 22 is the invention of claims 1 and 11
The vehicle air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the compressor comprises a compressor, a heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment, a heat exchanger inside the vehicle for heat dissipation, expansion means, and a heat exchanger inside the vehicle for heat absorption. A state detecting means for detecting a state of the cycle; performing the first heating operation mainly when the refrigeration cycle is stable; and performing the second heating operation mainly when the refrigeration cycle is transient, for example, at the beginning of heating, according to the detected state of the refrigeration cycle. It is characterized by performing a heating operation.

The invention of claim 23 is the invention of claims 1 and 11
23. The air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 22, further comprising a timer for counting an operation time from a time when the compressor is started, and a second timer if the time is within a predetermined time from the start.
And a switching control means for controlling the refrigerant flow switching means so as to perform a first heating operation when a predetermined time is exceeded.

The invention of claim 24 is claim 1 to claim 10.
Wherein the first heating operation is a main heating operation for mainly heating the vehicle interior, and the second heating operation is a low heating operation for the vehicle interior. It is characterized by a weak heating operation.

The twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention is the first or the first aspect.
24. The vehicle cooling / heating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the first heating operation is a stable heating operation for performing stable heating of the vehicle interior, and the second heating operation is an initial heating operation. Characterized by the transient heating operation.

[0041]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant is driven from the compressor by the driving of the compressor to the expansion means through the at least the exterior heat exchanger by the refrigerant flow switching means to the heat exchanger for heat absorption to the compressor. Flow in order,
The vehicle exterior heat exchanger radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the outside air, and the heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the blowing means into the refrigerant to produce cool air.

During the heating operation, the refrigerant flows in the order of the heat exchanger inside the vehicle, the expansion unit, the heat exchanger for heat absorption, and the compressor in order to avoid the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment by switching the refrigerant flow switching device. The heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the air introduced by the blowing means to generate warm air, and the heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger is introduced by the blowing means. Cool air is created by absorbing the heat of the air into the refrigerant.

During the weak heating operation, the refrigerant is switched by the refrigerant flow switching means so that the refrigerant is radiated to the heat exchanger of the vehicle interior → expansion means →
At least, the air flows to the compressor in the order of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment, the hot air is generated by the heat exchanger for heat radiation inside the vehicle, and heat can be absorbed from the outside air by the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the cooling operation, the heating operation, and the weak operation are performed by controlling the switching of the refrigerant flow path switching means in accordance with the outputs of the vehicle interior thermal environment detecting means and the vehicle interior thermal environment state setting means. Heating operation can be performed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant is compressed during the cooling operation by switching between the first and second four-way valves and the refrigerant avoidance valve → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment → the second heat exchanger.
The four-way valve → heat-exchange car interior heat exchanger → expansion means → heat-absorbing car interior heat exchanger → second four-way valve → first four-way valve → circulates to compressor, compressor during heating operation → first four-way Valve → Heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment → Second four-way valve → Heat exchanger inside the vehicle for heat dissipation → Expansion means → Heat exchanger inside the vehicle for heat absorption → Second
Circulating from the four-way valve to the first four-way valve to the compressor,
At the time of low heating operation, the compressor → the first four-way valve → the second four-way valve → the heat-exchange car interior heat exchanger → the expansion means → the heat-absorbing car interior heat exchanger → the second four-way valve → the exterior heat exchanger → One four-way valve can be circulated from the compressor.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant is compressed during the cooling operation. → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger outside the vehicle → the refrigerant control valve → the heat exchanger inside the vehicle for heat radiation → the expansion means → the heat exchange inside the vehicle for heat absorption. Circulating from the vessel → the second four-way valve → the compressor,
During the heating operation, the compressor is circulated to the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger in the vehicle interior for heat radiation → expansion means → the heat exchanger in the vehicle interior for heat absorption → the second four-way valve → the compressor. The four-way valve → heat-exchange car interior heat exchanger → expansion means → heat-absorbing car interior heat exchanger → second four-way valve → exterior heat exchanger → first four-way valve → second four-way valve → compressor Can be circulated.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant is compressed during the cooling operation. → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger outside the vehicle → the refrigerant avoidance valve → the second four-way valve → the heat exchanger inside the vehicle for heat radiation → expansion means → The second four-way valve → the first four-way valve → the heat-absorbing interior heat exchanger → the compressor is circulated to the compressor, and during the heating operation, the compressor → the first four-way valve → the second four-way valve → the heat-radiating interior heat exchanger → Expansion means → Second four-way valve → Refrigerant avoidance valve (Avoid heat exchanger outside vehicle compartment) → First four-way valve → Heat exchanger inside heat-absorbing vehicle → Recirculate to compressor, Compressor during weak heating operation → 1 four-way valve → second four-way valve → radiator interior heat exchanger → expansion means → second four-way valve → refrigerant avoidance valve → outside vehicle heat exchanger → first four-way valve → heat-absorbing interior heat exchange It can be circulated from the container to the compressor.

In the sixth aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant is compressed during the cooling operation. → the first four-way valve → the refrigerant avoidance valve → the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment → the second four-way valve → the heat exchanger inside the vehicle for heat radiation → expansion means → Heat exchanger for heat absorption indoor heat exchanger → first four-way valve → second four-way valve → circulates to compressor, during heating operation, compressor → first four-way valve → refrigerant avoidance valve (avoid heat exchanger outside vehicle compartment) → The second four-way valve → heat-exchange car interior heat exchanger → expansion means → heat-absorbing car interior heat exchanger → first four-way valve → second four-way valve → circulates to the compressor. → 1st 4-way valve → 2nd 4-way valve → heat exchanger for heat radiation inside the car → expansion means → heat exchanger for heat absorption inside the car → first 4-way valve → refrigerant avoidance valve → heat exchanger outside the car → second Can be circulated from the four-way valve to the compressor.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor during the cooling operation is compressed by the compressor → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger outside the vehicle → the second four-way valve → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger inside the vehicle for heat radiation. → Expansion means → Heat-absorbing car interior heat exchanger → Second four-way valve → Circulate to the compressor, during heating operation, Compressor → First four-way valve → Heat dissipation car interior heat exchanger → Expansion means → Heat-absorbing car Circulates from the indoor heat exchanger → the second four-way valve → the compressor, and during weak heating operation the compressor → the first
Four-way valve → heat exchanger for heat dissipation inside the car → expansion means → heat exchanger for heat absorption inside the car → second four-way valve → first four-way valve → heat exchanger outside the car → second four-way valve → compressor Can be circulated.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant is compressed during the cooling operation. → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment → the second four-way valve → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger for heat dissipation inside the vehicle → expansion. Means → second four-way valve → heat exchanger for heat absorption inside the car → circulates to the compressor, and during heating operation the compressor → first four-way valve → heat exchanger for the heat dissipation → expansion means → second four-way valve → Heat-exchanger interior heat exchanger → circulates to compressor,
At the time of low heating operation, the compressor → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger inside the vehicle for heat dissipation → expansion means → the second four-way valve → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger outside the vehicle → the second four-way valve → heat absorption It can be circulated from the heat exchanger inside the vehicle to the compressor.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor during the cooling operation is compressed by the compressor → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger outside the vehicle → the second four-way valve → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger inside the vehicle for heat radiation. → Expansion means → Third four-way valve → Heat-absorbing indoor heat exchanger → Third four-way valve → Second four-way valve → Circulate to compressor, compressor during heating operation → First four-way valve →
Heat-dissipating vehicle interior heat exchanger → expansion means → third four-way valve → heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger → third four-way valve → second four-way valve → circulates to compressor, compressor during weak heating operation →
First four-way valve → Heat exchanger for heat dissipation inside the vehicle → Expansion means → Third
Four-way valve → Heat exchanger for heat absorption inside the car → Third four-way valve → Second
The first four-way valve → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment → the second four-way valve → circulates to the compressor, during the simple heat pump heating operation, the compressor → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger inside the vehicle for heat dissipation → It can be circulated to the expansion means → the third four-way valve → the second four-way valve → the first four-way valve → the exterior heat exchanger → the second four-way valve → the compressor.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant is compressed during the cooling operation → the first four-way valve → the exterior heat exchanger → the second heat exchanger.
The four-way valve → the first four-way valve → the heat-exchange car interior heat exchanger → the expansion means → the second four-way valve → the third four-way valve → the heat-absorbing car interior heat exchanger → the third four-way valve → the compressor. During the heating operation, the compressor is used during the heating operation. → the first four-way valve → the heat exchanger inside the heat radiating compartment → the expansion means → the second four way valve → the third four way valve → the heat exchanger inside the heat absorbing car → the third four way valve → circulates to the compressor, during the simple heat pump heating operation, the compressor → the first four-way valve → heat exchanger for heat dissipation inside the car → expansion means → the second four-way valve → the first four-way valve → heat exchanger outside the car → It can be circulated from the second four-way valve to the third four-way valve to the compressor.

In the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the function of the first aspect, the refrigerant is switched through the parallel auxiliary pipe by the switching of the refrigerant flow rate switching means during the second heating operation, so that the refrigerant absorbs heat inside the vehicle interior heat exchanger and the vehicle exterior heat. The exchanger can flow in parallel.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the first or eleventh aspect, the refrigerant flowing out of the expansion means during the second heating operation due to the switching of the refrigerant flow switching means is used for the heat absorbing vehicle interior. On the other hand, the heat is passed to the first parallel auxiliary pipe, the first refrigerant flow path adjusting means, the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment, the second refrigerant flow path adjusting means, and the second parallel auxiliary pipe to the heat exchanger. And the outside heat exchanger in parallel.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the first or eleventh aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant flow switching means switches the expansion means during the second heating operation to one end of the heat exchanger for absorbing heat. On the other hand, a second parallel auxiliary pipe, a second refrigerant flow path adjusting means, a vehicle exterior heat exchanger, a first refrigerant flow path adjusting means,
The heat can be flown to the first parallel auxiliary pipe, and can be flown in parallel to the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and the exterior heat exchanger.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the first aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant is transferred to the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and the exterior heat exchanger during the second heating operation by switching the refrigerant flow switching means. It can flow in series via a series auxiliary pipe.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the function of the first aspect or the fourteenth aspect, the refrigerant flowing out of the expansion means during the second heating operation by the switching of the refrigerant flow path switching means is used as a heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger. The first series auxiliary pipe, the first refrigerant flow path adjusting means, the outside heat exchanger, the second refrigerant flow path adjusting means, and the second series auxiliary pipe flow to the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and the exterior heat exchanger. And the refrigerant can flow in series. At this time, the third refrigerant flow path adjusting means can restrict the refrigerant flowing out of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger from being immediately sucked into the compressor.

According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the first or the fourteenth aspect, the refrigerant flowing out of the expansion means during the second heating operation by the switching of the refrigerant flow switching means is supplied to the first series auxiliary pipe, The first refrigerant flow path adjusting means, the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment, the second refrigerant flow path adjusting means, the second serial auxiliary pipe, and the heat flowing into the heat exchanger for heat absorption inside the vehicle, and the heat exchanger outside the vehicle and the heat absorption inside the vehicle for heat absorption. The refrigerant can flow in series with the exchanger. At this time, the third refrigerant flow path adjusting means regulates the refrigerant from flowing immediately from the expansion means into the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger.

According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the first or fourteenth aspect, the refrigerant flowing out of the expansion means during the second heating operation is switched by the refrigerant flow switching means to perform heat exchange in the vehicle interior for heat absorption. Vessel, four-way valve, first series auxiliary pipe, first
Refrigerant flow path adjusting means, exterior heat exchanger, second refrigerant flow adjusting means, second auxiliary line, four-way valve, flow to compressor, and refrigerant to heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and exterior heat exchanger Can flow in series.

According to an eighteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the first or the fourteenth aspect, the refrigerant flowing out of the expansion means during the second heating operation by switching the refrigerant flow switching means is supplied to the four-way valve and the first series. Auxiliary piping, first refrigerant flow path adjusting means, exterior heat exchanger, second refrigerant flow adjusting means, second in-line auxiliary piping, four-way valve, heat absorbing interior heat exchanger, and exterior heat exchanger The refrigerant can flow in series between the heat exchanger and the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger.

According to the nineteenth aspect, in addition to the functions of the twelfth, thirteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth aspects, a two-way valve or a check valve is used as the first refrigerant flow path adjusting means. A two-way valve can be used as the two refrigerant flow path adjusting means.

According to the twentieth aspect, in addition to the function of the fifteenth or sixteenth aspect, a two-way valve or a check valve is used as the first refrigerant flow path adjusting means, and the second refrigerant flow path adjusting means is used as the second refrigerant flow path adjusting means. One-way valves can be used.

According to the twenty-first aspect of the present invention, the first and second aspects of the present invention are provided.
In addition to the effects of any one of the first to twelfth aspects, the first heating operation is performed mainly when the room temperature is stable, and the second heating operation is mainly performed when the room temperature is transient, such as at the beginning of heating, in accordance with the detected thermal environment of the vehicle cabin. The switching control means can control the switching of the refrigerant flow switching means so as to perform the above.

According to the twenty-second aspect of the present invention, the first and the first aspects of the present invention are provided.
In addition to the effects of any one of the first to twelfth aspects of the present invention, when the refrigeration cycle is stable, the first state is detected by detecting the state of the cycle.
, And the second heating operation can be performed mainly during the refrigerating cycle such as at the beginning of heating.

According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first or second aspect of the present invention, a second heating operation is performed within a predetermined time from the start, and a second heating operation is performed if the predetermined time is exceeded. The refrigerant flow switching means can be switched by the switching control means so as to perform the first heating operation.

According to the twenty-fourth aspect, in addition to the function of any one of the first to tenth aspects, switching between the main heating operation and the weak heating operation can be performed.

According to the twenty-fifth aspect, in addition to the effects of the first or eleventh to twenty-third aspects, switching between the stable heating operation and the transient heating operation can be performed.

[0068]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing only a refrigeration cycle. The compressor 31 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is provided outside the vehicle compartment such as an engine room, and has a variable input value like an electric compressor or a hydraulic drive compressor.

For the compressor 31, a heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, a heat exchanger 33 for the heat radiation inside the vehicle, an expansion valve 34 as expansion means, and a heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the vehicle as flow switching means. The first and second four-way valves 90 and 91 are connected via open / close valves 92 and 93 as refrigerant avoidance valves in predetermined flow paths.

The outside heat exchanger 38 is provided outside the vehicle compartment such as an engine room, and is configured to exchange heat of the refrigerant with the outside air. In other words, it is an outside-cabin condenser that radiates heat of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 to the outside air, or an outside-cabin evaporator that absorbs heat from the outside air into the refrigerant flowing out of the expansion valve 34.

The heat-dissipating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 is provided in a duct 39 serving as an apparatus body disposed at the front of the vehicle interior such as the back side of the instrument panel. Is a heat radiation type vehicle interior condenser that radiates heat to air introduced by a blower fan 37 as a blowing means.

On the refrigerant outflow side of the heat radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33, the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 provided on the upstream side in the duct 39 adiabatically expands the liquid tank 36 and the liquid refrigerant. It is connected via a pipe 100 which constitutes a flow path provided with an expansion valve 34 which forms a mist.

The heat absorbing passenger compartment heat exchanger 35 transfers the heat of the air introduced by the blower fan 37 to the expansion valve 34.
This is an endothermic evaporator that absorbs the heat of the refrigerant supplied through the heat exchanger to produce cool air.

The first four-way valve 90 is connected to the compressor 3
1 and the suction side and the exterior heat exchanger 38.
And the second four-way valve 91 are connected by pipes 101, 103, 105, and 107 constituting a flow path.

The second four-way valve 91 is connected to the first four-way valve 90, the refrigerant outflow side of the external heat exchanger 38, the refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger 33, and the heat absorbing side. Pipes 107, 109, 111, and 113 forming a flow path are connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35.

The refrigerant bypass valve comprises a first on-off valve 92 and a second
An on-off valve 93 is provided. The first on-off valve 92 is interposed in a pipe 103 that connects between the first four-way valve 90 and the refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger 38. The second on-off valve 93 is interposed in a pipe 115 that connects the pipes 103 and 109 connected to the refrigerant inflow side and the outflow side of the exterior heat exchanger 38 and forms an avoidance flow path.

Further, in this embodiment, the outside heat exchanger 3
A third on-off valve 94 is provided in the pipe 109 on the refrigerant outflow side of No. 8.

An auxiliary heater 76 is provided on the air inflow side of the heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation. The auxiliary heater 76 is a variable-type electric heater whose output can be arbitrarily set according to the input voltage. The input voltage is controlled by the controller 43. When the auxiliary heater 76 is turned on, the air passing through the heat dissipation vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 is heated, and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the heat dissipation vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 increases.

On the upstream side of the heat absorbing heat exchanger 35 in the duct 39, an inside air introducing pipe 40 for introducing the air inside the vehicle and an outside air introducing pipe 41 for introducing the outside air by receiving the traveling wind pressure. It is connected. The blower fan 37 is arranged between the air outlet side (downstream of the air flow) between the inside air introduction pipe 40 and the outside air introduction pipe 41 and the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35, and is rotated by a blower fan motor 44. It is designed to be driven.

An air mix door 46 is provided upstream of the heat-dissipating interior heat exchanger 33. The air mixing door 46 is driven by an air mixing door actuator (not shown) driven by the control device 43, and cools the air passing through the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 and dissipating the heat. Open / close so as to adjust the ratio (distribution of air volume between cold air and hot air) that separates cold air that stays cold by avoiding the air 33 and hot air that has passed through the heat exchanger 33 and that has been heated. . The air mix door opening Xdsc, which is the opening of the air mix door 46, is
Is the position indicated by the dashed line, and when the air volume distribution between the cold air and the hot air becomes 100% cold air, the air mix door opening Xds
When c = 0% (fully closed), the air mix door 46 is positioned as indicated by the two-dot chain line, and when the air volume distribution between the cool air and the hot air is 100%, the air mix door opening Xdsc =
100% (fully open) is set.

The heat exchanger 3 for radiating heat in the duct 39
Downstream from 3, an air mix chamber 47 is provided as a room for creating a temperature-conditioned conditioned air by improving the mixing of the cold air and the hot air. In the air mix chamber 47, a ventilator outlet 51 (51a, 51b) that blows out conditioned air toward the upper body of the target occupant.
b, 51c, 51d), a foot outlet 52 (52a) for blowing conditioned air toward the feet of the target occupant, and a defroster outlet 53 (53a) for blowing conditioned air toward the front window. I have. In the air mixing chamber 47, a ventilator door 55 and a foot door 5 are provided.
6 and a defroster door 57 are provided. The ventilator door 55 opens and closes the ventilator outlet 51 with a ventilator door actuator (not shown) driven by the control device 43. The foot door 56 opens and closes the foot outlet 52 by an unillustrated foot door actuator driven by the control device 43. The defroster door 57 opens and closes the defroster outlet 53 by a defroster door actuator (not shown) driven by the control device 43.

Further, a circulation passage 71 communicating with the inside air introduction pipe 40 is connected to the air mix chamber 47. An opening 72 from the circulation passage 71 to the air mixing chamber 47 is provided with an entrance-side door 74 of the circulation passage 71, and a branch portion 73 between the circulation passage 71 and the inside air introduction pipe 40.
Is provided with an exit-side door 75. Entrance side door 7
4, the opening 72 is opened and closed by an entrance door actuator (not shown) driven by the control device 43, and the exit door 75
Switches the branch portion 73 by an outlet door actuator (not shown) driven by the control device 43. That is, in a state where the entrance side door 74 and the exit side door 75 are open (the exit side door 75 closes the inside air introduction pipe 40), the temperature-controlled air circulates from the air mix chamber 47 to the upstream side of the blower fan 37.

The control device 43 uses the thermal environment information
Predetermined control by calculating a target air conditioning condition, such as an air mixing door opening angle X _dsc input value W _comp the passing air volume V _eva and the target outlet air temperature T _o which passes through the heat-absorbing inner heat exchanger 35 of the compressor 31 Do. The predetermined control is performed such that the compressor 31 and the first and second four-way valves 90 and 9 maintain the target cooling and heating condition in which the cooling and heating condition in the vehicle compartment is calculated.
It drives the first, second, third and third on-off valves 92, 93, 94, the blower fan motor 44, the air mix door actuator, the ventilator door actuator, the foot door actuator, the defroster door actuator and the like. The heat environment information includes a heat absorption suction air temperature sensor 58, a heat absorption blowout air temperature sensor 59, a ventilator air outlet temperature sensor 60, a solar radiation amount sensor 61, An air temperature sensor 62;
A room temperature sensor 63 and a room temperature setting unit 64 provided on the air conditioning setting panel 89 (in FIG. 1, shown by signal lines for convenience).
, An outlet mode switch 65 (same), a blower fan switch 66 (same), a refrigerant temperature sensor 67, and a detected air temperature of a radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger blowout air temperature sensor 68.

More specifically, the air temperature T _{suc at} the suction port of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 and the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35
Air temperature T _out of the vehicle and the heat exchanger 33
Air temperature T _v , the air temperature T _vent of the ventilator air outlet 51, the solar radiation amount Q _sun , the outside air temperature _Tamb outside the vehicle compartment, and the detected room temperature (vehicle air temperature) T _{inside the} vehicle compartment.
_{The room} , the set temperature T _{ptc in the} vehicle compartment, the refrigerant temperature T _ref on the exit side of the heat radiation vehicle interior heat exchanger 33, and the like.

Therefore, the room temperature sensor 63 and the like constitute a vehicle interior thermal environment state detecting means for detecting the vehicle exterior thermal environment state in the first embodiment, and the room temperature setter 64 is a vehicle interior thermal environment state setting operated by the occupant. The control unit 43 controls the compressor 31 based on the output of the detection unit and the setting unit, and switches the refrigerant flow path according to the output of the vehicle interior thermal environment detection unit and the vehicle interior thermal environment state setting unit. A switching control means for switching and controlling the first and second four-way valves 90 and 91 and the first and second on-off valves 92 and 93 as means.

The vehicle air conditioner according to the above embodiment is controlled based on the flowcharts shown in FIGS.

When the control device is activated by turning on the switch of the cooling / heating device, the process is started, and in step S1, constants (A to H, P, Q) used in the control flowchart are set. That is, A to E used in the calculation formula _of the target outlet temperature T _of , F, G, H used in the calculation formula of the opening X of the air mix door, and P, Q used for correction of the set room temperature are set.

In step S2, various sensor outputs are read. That is, the vehicle interior temperature T _room which is the output of the room temperature sensor 63, and the solar radiation amount Q which is the output of the solar radiation sensor 61
_{It reads the sun} , the outside air temperature T _amb output from the outside air temperature sensor 62, the vehicle interior set room temperature T _ptc output from the room temperature setting device 64, and the fan switch set value V _{fan, set} .

In step S3, since the air volume of the blower fan is controlled by the applied voltage, conditioned air is generated according to the deviation (T _room -T _ptc ) between the room temperature set value T _ptc set by the occupant and the room temperature T _room. Set the applied voltage V _fan of the blower fan. Specifically, the applied voltage is increased as the deviation is larger, and the room temperature is quickly brought closer to the set room temperature.

In step S4, the set room temperature T _ptc is corrected. This correction is performed using the constants P and Q and the outside air temperature _{Tamb according} to the following equation. T _ptc ′ = T _ptc + P × T _amb + Q Specifically, when the outside air temperature is low, the set room temperature is raised, and when the outside air temperature is high, the set room temperature is lowered. Normally, in human experience, lowering the room temperature in a hot environment gives a sense of warmth and coolness, such as "cool". Conversely, raising the room temperature in a cold surroundings gives a sense of warmth, such as "warm". Is obtained. By setting the temperature to be inversely proportional to the ambient temperature in this way, the sense of warmth and cold is stimulated and the user becomes comfortable.

In step S5, a target outlet temperature T _of is calculated. This calculation includes constants A, B, C, D, and E, an outside temperature T _amb , a room temperature T _room , a correction set room temperature T ′ _ptc , and a solar radiation amount Q.
_It is calculated by the following equation using _sun .

[0092]

## EQU1 ## T _of = A × T _amb + B × T _room + C × T ′ _ptc
+ D × Q _sun + E In step S6, the opening X of the air mix door is calculated based on the target outlet temperature T _of . This calculation is a constant F,
This is performed by the following equation using G and H.

X = F × T _of ² + G × T _of + H In step S7, the blowing mode is determined based on the target blowing temperature T _of . That is, if the target outlet temperature is high, FOOT (foot mode) mainly blows out to the feet of the front seat occupant, if the target outlet temperature is medium, BI-LEVEL (bi-level mode) blows out to the chest and feet of the front seat occupant; Select VENT (vent mode) that blows out to the chest of the seat occupant.

In step S8 in FIG. 4, it is determined whether or not the manual fan switch has been pressed by the occupant. If the manual fan switch is pressed, the fan setting value V is set in step S9 to respond to the operation.
_fan ′ = V _{fan, set} is the final blower fan voltage. If the manual fan switch is not pressed,
In step S10, the blower fan voltage automatically determined in the previous step S3 is used as it is.

In step S11, the blower fan voltage determined in step S9 or S10 is output to the blower fan motor 44.

In step S12, the output is output to each door actuator, and the door is automatically set at a predetermined position.

In step S13, it is determined whether the apparatus is to be operated in a cooling operation, a heating operation, or a blowing operation. That is, the determination is made based on whether the target blowing temperature T _of obtained in step S5 is lower than 20 ° C or higher than 30 ° C. T _of 20 ° C
If T is below 30 ° C., the process proceeds to step S16. If T _of exceeds 30 ° C., the process proceeds to step S16.

In step S14, a cooling mode is selected for cooling the device, and in step S15, a heating mode is selected for heating the device. In step S16, a blowing mode is selected for operating the device for blowing. You.

From steps S14 and S16, the process proceeds to step S20, and from step S15 to step S17.
Move to.

In step S17, it is determined whether or not the apparatus is to be set to the weak heating operation, which is the second heating operation in this embodiment. In other words, it has judged by whether the outside air temperature T _amb is greater than 5 ° C., the process proceeds to step S18 if T _amb is exceeds the 5 ° C., T _amb to migrate 5 ° C. to step S19 if falls below.

In step S18, the weak heating mode is selected to set the device to the weak heating operation. In step S19,
The heating mode is selected to set the device to the main heating operation, which is the first heating operation in this embodiment. Then, the process proceeds from steps S18 and S19 to step S20.

In step 20, the compressor and the compressor motor are controlled, and the input to the compressor 31 is controlled. By the above control, the switching state of each valve and the operation state of each heat exchanger are as shown in the chart of FIG. That is, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, during the cooling operation, the first and second four-way valves 90 and 91 are switched as shown by the solid line, the first on-off valve 92 is open, and the second on-off valve 93 is The closed and third on-off valves 94 are switched to open, the heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation inside the vehicle is a condenser, the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the vehicle is an evaporator, and the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle is a condenser.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant is supplied from the compressor 31 → the pipe 101 → the first four-way valve 90 → the first opening / closing valve 92 of the pipe 103 → the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment → the pipe. 109 third on-off valve 94 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 111 → radiator heat exchanger 33 → liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 of pipe 100 → heat absorbing heat exchanger 35 → pipe 113 → Second four-way valve 91 → Piping 10
7 → first four-way valve 90 → pipe 105 → compressor 31
Circulates to

Then, the exterior heat exchanger 38 radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 to the outside air,
The remaining heat is dissipated by the heat exchanger 33 inside the vehicle
7, heat is released to the air introduced by the ram pressure when the vehicle travels or the ram pressure is generated to generate warm air, and the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 is supplied with the blower fan 37 for the air or the ram when the vehicle travels. The heat of the air introduced by the pressure is absorbed by the refrigerant to produce cold air.

At the time of the main heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 31.
→ Piping 101 → First four-way valve 90 → Piping 103 → Piping 1
15 second on-off valve 93 → pipe 109 → second four-way valve 9
1 → Piping 111 → Car heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation → Piping 10
0 liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 → heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the car → pipe 113 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 107 →
The first four-way valve 90 → the pipe 105 → the compressor 31 circulates.

Then, the heat radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 by the air introduced by the blower fan 37 or the ram pressure during traveling of the vehicle and radiates the heat to the air. The hot air is generated, and the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 is introduced by the air introduced by the blower fan 37 or the ram pressure during traveling of the vehicle, and absorbs the heat of the air into the refrigerant to produce the cool air. Accordingly, the dehumidified air is generated by the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35, and the heat radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 3
3 makes it possible to generate sufficient warm air to enable dehumidification and heating, and to perform a sufficient heating operation without fogging the windows even in an extremely cold state where the outside of the vehicle is below 5 ° C. In addition, during the heating operation, the outside heat exchanger 38 is not used, and even if the outside heat exchanger 38 may be frozen in an environment where the outside air is extremely cold, a sufficient heating operation can be performed without being affected by the freezing. Can do it.

Further, at the time of the weak heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied from the compressor 31 → the pipe 101 → the first four-way valve 90 → the pipe 107 → the second four-way valve 91 → the pipe 111 → the heat exchanger 3 for the heat radiation inside the vehicle.
3 → Liquid tank 36 of pipe 100 and expansion valve 34 → Heat-absorbing heat exchanger 35 inside pipe → Pipe 113 → Second four-way valve 91 →
Third open / close valve 94 of pipe 109 → heat exchanger 38 outside vehicle compartment →
The gas is circulated from the first opening / closing valve 92 of the pipe 103 to the first four-way valve 90 → the pipe 105 → the compressor 31.

Therefore, the dehumidifying and heating can be performed by producing cold air by the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 and generating warm air by the heat radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33, and the outside air can absorb more than 5 ° C. Is possible, the interior heat exchanger 38
The endotherm is absorbed. Thus, in a slightly cold environment, the weak heating operation is performed, and the coefficient of performance of the cooling / heating device can be set to 1 or more.

That is, assuming that the power consumed by the compressor is W, the amount of heat for dehumidifying the air in the cabin is QE, the amount of heat for heating the air in the cabin is QC, and the amount of heat absorbed from the air outside the cabin is QA, = QC- (QE + QA), and the heating amount of the air in the vehicle compartment is QC-QE. Therefore, the coefficient of performance ε is ε = (QC-QE) / {QC- (QE + QA)}, and the numerator is the denominator. And the coefficient of performance ε is 1
You can see that it exceeds. Therefore, the input to the compressor 31 is sufficiently reduced, the energy consumption can be greatly reduced, and when mounted on an electric vehicle, the mileage of the electric vehicle can be greatly improved.

In short, in this embodiment, heat is released to the outside air, heat is absorbed from the outside cold, or cut off from the outside air by the outside heat exchanger 38 as necessary. Endothermic, can dissipate heat in even hotter environments, can be used from very cold to slightly cold conditions during heating operation, and can reduce the coefficient of performance to 1 or more in slightly cold environments and reduce energy consumption It is.

FIGS. 6 to 19 show the second to eighth embodiments. In each embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted. FIG.
Shows a refrigeration cycle according to the second embodiment. In this embodiment, the refrigerant flow switching means comprises first and second four-way valves 90 and 91 and a refrigerant control valve 97.

The first four-way valve 90 is connected to the discharge side of the compressor 31 and the refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger 38 by pipes 101, 103, 107 and 117 constituting a flow path.
The second four-way valve 91 is connected to a pipe 111 connected to the heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger 33.

The second four-way valve 91 is connected to the first four-way valve 90, the pipe 109 on the refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle, by the pipes 107, 119, 113, and 121 constituting the flow path.
It is connected to the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 and the refrigerant suction side of the compressor 31. Refrigerant control valve 9
7 is interposed in a pipe 123 connecting the pipes 109 and 111. Note that check valves 95 and 96 are provided between the pipe 119 and the pipe 117.

In this embodiment, the first and second four-way valves 90 and 91 and the refrigerant control valve 97 are controlled by the same control as in the first embodiment during the cooling operation, the main heating operation, and the weak heating operation. The respective heat exchangers are controlled as shown in FIG. 7 and function as shown in FIG.

That is, in the cooling operation in FIG. 6, the refrigerant flows from the compressor 31 to the pipe 101 to the first four-way valve 90.
→ Pipe 103 → Outside heat exchanger 38 → Pipe 109 → Refrigerant control valve 97 of pipe 123 → Pipe 111 → Heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation → Liquid tank 36 of pipe 100 and expansion valve 34
→ circulates to the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the vehicle → pipe 113 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 121 → compressor 31.
Therefore, the heat can be dissipated by the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment and the heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation, and can be absorbed by the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption.

In the main heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 31
→ Pipe 101 → First four-way valve 90 → Pipe 117 → Pipe 1
11 → heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation inside the car → liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 of pipe 100 → heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the car → pipe 113 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 121 → compressor 31 . Therefore, the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment is not used, the heat can be radiated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation inside the vehicle, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption.

During the weak heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 31.
→ Pipe 101 → First four-way valve 90 → Pipe 117 → Pipe 1
11 → heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation inside the car → liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 of pipe 100 → heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the car → pipe 113 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 119 → pipe 109
→ External heat exchanger 38 → Pipe 103 → First four-way valve 90
→ The pipe 107 → the second four-way valve 91 → the pipe 121 → circulates to the compressor 31. Therefore, warm air can be generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation, cold air can be generated by the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption, and heat can be absorbed by the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle.

In this embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, in this embodiment, the operation modes of cooling, heating and weak heating can be realized only by using two four-way valves 90 and 91 and one refrigerant control valve 97, and the control is simple and inexpensive. Can be manufactured.

FIG. 8 shows a refrigeration cycle of a vehicle air conditioner according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, first and second four-way valves 90 and 91 are used as refrigerant flow switching means.
And a refrigerant avoidance valve composed of the second and third on-off valves 93 and 94.

The first four-way valve 90 is connected to the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 31, the refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger 38 by the pipes 101, 103, 107 and 125 constituting the flow path, and the second four-way valve 91. And it is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35. In addition, the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 is connected to a refrigerant suction side of the compressor 31 by a pipe 127.

The second four-way valve 91 is connected to the first four-way valve 90, the refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, and the heat exchange compartment for heat dissipation by the pipes 107, 109, 111, 129 constituting the flow path. The heat exchanger 33 is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the heat exchanger 33 and to the refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger 33 for the heat radiation inside the vehicle via the expansion valve 34 and the liquid tank 36.

The second on-off valve 93 is provided on a pipe 115 which constitutes an avoidance flow path that bypasses the outside heat exchanger 38, and the third on-off valve 94 is provided on a pipe 109.
Then, the first and second four-way valves 90 and 91 and the second and third on-off valves 93 and 94 are controlled by the same control as in the first embodiment in accordance with the cooling operation, the main heating operation, and the weak heating operation, as shown in FIG. The heat exchangers 33, 35, and 38 function as shown in FIG.

That is, in FIG. 8, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant flows from the compressor 31 → the pipe 101 → the first four-way valve 90.
→ pipe 103 → vehicle heat exchanger 38 → pipe 109 and third opening / closing valve 94, second four-way valve 91 → pipe 111 → radiation interior heat exchanger 33 → pipe 129 and liquid tank 36,
It circulates to the expansion valve 34 → the second four-way valve 91 → the pipe 107 → the first four-way valve 90 → the pipe 125 → the heat absorbing heat exchanger 35 → the pipe 127 → the compressor 31. Therefore, while radiating heat to the outside air by the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, and generating warm air by the heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation inside the vehicle, the heat exchanger 3
5 can be made with cold air.

During the main heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 31.
→ Piping 101 → First four-way valve 90 → Piping 103 → Piping 1
15 and second on-off valve 93 → second four-way valve 91 → piping 1
11 → Heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation inside the vehicle → Pipe 129 and liquid tank 36, expansion valve 34 → Second four-way valve 91 → Pipe 107
→ the first four-way valve 90 → the pipe 125 → the heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 → the pipe 127 → circulates to the compressor 31.
Therefore, the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment is not used, the warm air is generated by the heat exchanger 33 for the heat radiation inside the vehicle, and the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption is used.
Can absorb heat.

During the weak heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 31.
→ Piping 101 → First four-way valve 90 → Piping 107 → Second four-way valve 91 → Piping 111 → Heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation inside the vehicle →
The pipe 129, the liquid tank 36 and the expansion valve 34 → the second four-way valve 91 → the pipe 109 and the third opening / closing valve 94 → the exterior heat exchanger 38 → the pipe 103 → the first four-way valve 90 → the pipe 12
5 → heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the vehicle → pipe 127 → compressor 31 Therefore, while the hot air is generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation, the cool air is generated by the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption, and the heat can be absorbed from the outside air by the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle.

In this embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. In this embodiment, 2
Each operation mode can be realized by four four-way valves and two on-off valves. Further, during the weak heating operation, the refrigerant can flow to the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle interior before the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption, so that the amount of heat absorbed from the outside air is smaller than the heat absorption from the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption. Becomes more suitable when the apparatus is frequently used under conditions where the outside air temperature is not relatively low.

FIG. 10 shows a refrigeration cycle of a cooling and heating apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the refrigerant flow switching means is constituted by first and second four-way valves 90 and 91 and a refrigerant avoidance valve constituted by first and second on-off valves 92 and 93.

The first four-way valve 90 is connected to the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 31, the refrigerant inflow side of the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle, and the second four-way valve 90 by pipes 101, 103, 107 and 131 constituting a flow path. 91 and the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35.

The second four-way valve 91 is connected to the first four-way valve 90, the refrigerant outlet side of the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle, and the heat exchange inside the vehicle interior for heat radiation by pipes 107, 109, 111 and 133 constituting the flow path. Refrigerant inlet of compressor 33 and compressor 31
Is connected to the refrigerant suction side.

Further, in this embodiment, the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment is used.
A check valve 95 is interposed in a pipe 109 connected to the refrigerant outflow side. In this embodiment, the same control as that of the first embodiment is performed, and as shown in FIG.
0, 91, and the first and second on-off valves 92, 93 are switched, and the heat exchangers 33, 35, 38 function as shown in the figure to perform the cooling operation, the main heating operation, or the weak heating operation. It is.

That is, in the cooling operation in FIG.
Refrigerant is compressor 31 → pipe 101 → first four-way valve 9
0 → pipe 103 and first open / close valve 92 → external heat exchanger 38 → pipe 109 and check valve 95 → second four-way valve 91 →
Pipe 111 → heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation inside the car → pipe 100 and liquid tank 36, expansion valve 34 → heat exchanger 3 for heat sink inside the car
5 → pipe 131 → first four-way valve 90 → pipe 107 → second
Circulates from the four-way valve 91 → pipe 133 → compressor 31. Accordingly, heat can be radiated by the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, warm air can be generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation, and cold air can be generated by the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption.

In the main heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 31.
→ Piping 101 → First four-way valve 90 → Piping 103 → Piping 1
15 and second on-off valve 93 → pipe 109 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 111 → heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation inside the car → pipe 1
00 and liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 → heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption in the passenger compartment → pipe 131 → first four-way valve 90 → pipe 10
7 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 133 → compressor 31
Circulates to Therefore, the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment is not used, the warm air can be generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation inside the vehicle, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption.

During the weak heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 31.
→ Piping 101 → First four-way valve 90 → Piping 107 → Second four-way valve 91 → Piping 111 → Heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation inside the vehicle →
Pipe 100 and liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 → heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside car → pipe 131 → first four-way valve 90 → pipe 103 and first on-off valve 92 → heat exchanger 38 outside car compartment →
Piping 109 and check valve 95 → second four-way valve 91 → piping 1
33 circulates to the compressor 31. Therefore, it is possible to generate warm air with the heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger 33, generate cool air with the heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35, and absorb heat from the outside air with the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38.

In this embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, the first and second four-way valves 90 and 91 and the first and second on-off valves 92 and 93 can be used to realize the cooling and heating weak heating operation modes. Furthermore, since the direction of the refrigerant flow in the exterior heat exchanger 38 does not reverse between the cooling operation and the weak heating operation, the cooling operation,
Even if the main heating operation and the weak heating operation are switched, the switching can be smoothly performed.

FIG. 12 shows a refrigeration cycle of a cooling and heating apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, only the first and second four-way valves 90 and 91 are used as the refrigerant flow switching means.

The first four-way valve 90 is connected to the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 31, the refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger 38 by the pipes 101, 103, 107 and 111 constituting the flow path, and the second four-way valve 91. And heat-dissipating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33
Is connected to the refrigerant inflow side.

The second four-way valve 91 is connected to the first four-way valve 90, the refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle, and the heat exchange inside the vehicle compartment for heat absorption by the pipes 107, 109, 113 and 121 constituting the flow path. Refrigerant outlet side of the compressor 35 and the compressor 31
Is connected to the refrigerant suction side.

This embodiment is controlled similarly to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 13, first and second four-way valves 90 and 91 are provided.
Is controlled, and each of the heat exchangers 33, 35, and 38 functions as shown in the figure in the cooling operation, the main heating operation, and the weak heating operation.

That is, in the cooling operation in FIG.
Refrigerant is compressor 31 → pipe 101 → first four-way valve 9
0 → pipe 103 → vehicle heat exchanger 38 → pipe 109 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 107 → first four-way valve 90 → pipe 111 → radiator interior heat exchanger 33 → pipe 100 and liquid tank 36 , Expansion valve 34 → heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption in the vehicle interior →
It circulates from the pipe 113 → the second four-way valve 91 → the pipe 121 → the compressor 31. Accordingly, heat can be radiated to the outside air by the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, and warm air can be generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation and cold air can be generated by the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption.

At the time of the main heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 31.
→ Piping 101 → First four-way valve 90 → Piping 111 → Heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation → Piping 100 and liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 → Heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption car → Pip 113 →
It circulates from the second four-way valve 91 to the pipe 121 to the compressor 31. Therefore, the exterior heat exchanger 38 is not used,
The hot air can be generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation and absorbed by the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption.

During the weak heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 31.
→ Piping 101 → First four-way valve 90 → Piping 111 → Heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation → Piping 100 and liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 → Heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption car → Pip 113 →
The second four-way valve 91 → the pipe 107 → the first four-way valve 90 → the pipe 103 → the outside heat exchanger 38 → the pipe 109 → the second four-way valve 91 → the pipe 121 → the compressor 31 is circulated. Therefore, it is possible to generate warm air with the heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger 33, generate cool air with the heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35, and absorb heat from the outside air with the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38.

In this embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, in this embodiment, each operation mode can be realized using only the first and second four-way valves 90 and 91. Further, it has a feature that the flow of the refrigerant does not reverse between the cooling operation and the heating operation, and further, piping for avoiding the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment is unnecessary.

FIG. 14 shows a refrigeration cycle of a cooling and heating apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. Also in this embodiment, only the first and second four-way valves 90 and 91 are used as the refrigerant flow switching means. The first four-way valve 90 is connected to the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 31, the refrigerant inflow side of the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38, the second four-way valve 91, and the heat radiation by pipes 101, 103, 107, 135 constituting a flow path. The vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 is connected to the refrigerant inflow side.

The second four-way valve 91 is connected to the first four-way valve 90, the refrigerant outlet side of the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle, the expansion valve 34, and the liquid tank 36 by pipes 107, 109, 137, and 139 constituting a flow path. Are connected to the refrigerant outflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger 33 and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger 35.

This embodiment is controlled similarly to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 15, first and second four-way valves 90 and 91 are provided.
Is controlled, and each of the heat exchangers 33, 35, and 38 functions as shown in the figure during the cooling operation, the main heating operation, and the weak heating operation.

That is, in the cooling operation in FIG.
Refrigerant is compressor 31 → pipe 101 → first four-way valve 9
0 → pipe 103 → external heat exchanger 38 → pipe 109 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 107 → first four-way valve 90 → pipe 135 → radiator interior heat exchanger 33 → pipe 137 and liquid tank 36 , Expansion valve 34 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 13
9 → heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the vehicle → pipe 127 → compressor 31. Therefore, the heat can be radiated to the outside air by the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, the hot air can be generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation, and the cool air can be generated by the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption.

During the heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 31 →
Pipe 101 → first four-way valve 90 → pipe 135 → radiator heat exchanger 33 → pipe 137 and liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 139 → heat absorbing car interior heat exchanger It circulates from 35 → pipe 127 → compressor 31. Therefore, the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment is not used, the warm air can be generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation inside the vehicle, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption. During low heating operation,
Refrigerant is compressor 31 → pipe 101 → first four-way valve 9
0 → pipe 135 → heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation inside the car → pipe 13
7 and liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 → second four-way valve 91
→ Piping 107 → First four-way valve 90 → Piping 103 → Heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle → Piping 109 → Second four-way valve 91 → Piping 1
39 → heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the vehicle → pipe 127 → compressor 31. Therefore, while the hot air is generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation, the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption
To generate cold air, and the outside heat exchanger 38 can absorb heat from outside air.

In this embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the fifth embodiment can be obtained. Further, during the weak heating operation, the refrigerant can flow through the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment before the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption, so that the amount of heat absorbed from the outside air can be increased.

FIG. 16 shows a refrigeration cycle of a vehicle air conditioner according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In this example,
First, second and third four-way valves 9 as refrigerant flow switching means
0, 91 and 99 are used. First and second four-way valves 9
The piping structure of 0, 91 is almost the same as the fifth embodiment of FIG. On the other hand, the third four-way valve 99 of this embodiment is
0 and 113, and connected to the refrigerant inflow side and the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 by pipes 141 and 143.

This embodiment is basically controlled similarly to the first embodiment. However, steps S15, S17, S18, S1 in FIG. 4 of the operation flowchart of the first embodiment.
9 and each step of FIG. 17 is adopted instead of S20. That is, in the step of FIG.
In step S1, it is determined which of the weak heating mode, the heating mode, and the simple heat pump heating mode is to be selected.
At 22, a simple heat pump heating mode can be executed. Therefore, steps S15, S18, S
Steps S19 and S20 correspond to the steps indicated by the same reference numerals in FIG.

In step S21 of FIG. 17, the outside air temperature is 0 ° C.
The heating mode, the weak heating mode, and the simple heat pump heating mode are selected depending on whether the temperature is lower than the temperature, between 5 ° C. and 15 ° C., or higher than 15 ° C. Outside temperature T
_{If amb} ≦ 0 ° C., the heating mode is selected in step S19, and if 15 ° C. ≧ T _amb > 5 ° C., step S1
8, the weak heating mode is selected, and if _Tamb > 15 ° C., the simple heat pump heating mode is selected in step S22. Then, the process shifts from step S18, S19, S22 to step S20, where the compressor and compressor control are performed.

By such control, the first, second, and third four-way valves 90, 91, and 97 are controlled as shown in FIG. 18, and the cooling operation, the main heating operation, the weak heating operation, the simple heat pump heating In operation, each of the heat exchangers 33, 35,
38 functions as shown in FIG.

That is, in FIG. 16, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant flows from the compressor 31 → the pipe 101 → the first four-way valve 90 → the pipe 103 → the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment → the pipe 109.
→ second four-way valve 91 → piping 107 → first four-way valve 90 →
Pipe 111 → heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation in the car → pipe 100 and liquid tank 36, expansion valve 34 → third four-way valve 99 → pipe 141 → heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption in the car → pipe 143 → third
Four-way valve 99 → pipe 143 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 1
21 → circulation to the compressor 31.

Therefore, heat can be radiated to the outside air by the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, and warm air can be generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation and cold air can be generated by the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption.

In the main heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 31
→ Piping 101 → First four-way valve 90 → Piping 111 → Heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation → Piping 100 and liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 → Third four-way valve 99 → Pipe 141 → Heat exchange for heat absorption It circulates to the vessel 35 → pipe 143 → third four-way valve 99 → pipe 113 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 121 → compressor 31. Therefore, the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment is not used, and hot air can be generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation and cold air can be generated by the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption.

At the time of the weak heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 31.
→ Piping 101 → First four-way valve 90 → Piping 111 → Heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation → Piping 100 and liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 → Third four-way valve 99 → Pipe 141 → Heat exchange for heat absorption Vessel 35 → pipe 143 → third four-way valve 99 → pipe 113 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 107 → first four-way valve 90 → pipe 103 → vehicle heat exchanger 38 → pipe 109
→ circulates to the second four-way valve 91 → piping 121 → compressor 31. Therefore, it is possible to generate warm air with the heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation, generate cool air with the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption, and absorb heat from outside air with the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle.

Further, during the simple heat pump heating operation, the refrigerant flows from the compressor 31 → the pipe 101 → the first four-way valve 90 →
Pipe 111 → heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation inside the car → pipe 100 and liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 → third four-way valve 99 → pipe 113 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 107 → first four-way valve 90 → Piping 103 → heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle → pipe 109
→ circulates to the second four-way valve 91 → piping 121 → compressor 31. Therefore, the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 is not used, heat is absorbed from the outside air by the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38, hot air is generated by the heat radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33, and the apparatus can be operated as a heat pump type air conditioner. it can.

This embodiment has the same operation and effect as the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 12, and can perform simple heat pump heating. Therefore, when the outside air temperature is relatively high and no window fogging occurs, cooling is performed. In addition to the main heating, weak heating and simple heat pump heating operation without dehumidification, the heating operation can be optimized by selecting the optimal heating operation according to the control factors such as the outside air temperature and window defogging. Can be.

FIG. 19 shows a refrigeration cycle of a vehicle air conditioner according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. Also in this embodiment, the first, second and third four-way valves 90,
91 and 97 are used. The piping structure of this embodiment is shown in FIG.
The fourth embodiment is almost the same as the sixth embodiment. However, the third four-way valve 99 is connected to the pipes 127 and 139 and also connected to the refrigerant inflow side and the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 via the pipes 141 and 143.

This embodiment is controlled similarly to the seventh embodiment, and the first, second, and third four-way valves 90, 91, and 99 are controlled as shown in FIG. In the weak heating operation and the simple heat pump heating operation, 33, 35, and 38 in each heat exchanger function as shown in FIG.

That is, in the cooling operation in FIG.
Refrigerant is compressor 31 → pipe 101 → first four-way valve 9
0 → pipe 103 → external heat exchanger 38 → pipe 109 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 107 → first four-way valve 90 → pipe 135 → radiator interior heat exchanger 33 → pipe 137 and liquid tank 36 , Expansion valve 34 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 13
9 → third four-way valve 99 → pipe 141 → heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the car → pipe 143 → third four-way valve 99 → pipe 127
→ Circulates to compressor 31.

Therefore, heat can be radiated to the outside air by the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, hot air can be generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation, and cold air can be generated by the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption. During the main heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied from the compressor 31 → the pipe 101 → the first four-way valve 90 → the pipe 135 → the heat exchanger 33 for radiating the vehicle interior →
Pipe 137 and liquid tank 36, expansion valve 34 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 139 → third four-way valve 99 → pipe 141 →
The heat is circulated to the heat absorbing passenger compartment heat exchanger 35 → pipe 143 → third four-way valve 99 → pipe 127 → compressor 31. Accordingly, the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment is not used, and warm air is generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation inside the vehicle and the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the vehicle.
Can make cold air.

During the weak heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 31
→ Piping 101 → First four-way valve 90 → Piping 135 → Heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation inside the vehicle → Piping 137 and liquid tank 36 and expansion valve 34 → Second four-way valve 91 → Piping 107 → First four-way valve 90 → Piping 103 → Heat exchanger 38 outside the cabin → Piping 10
9 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 139 → third four-way valve 99
→ Piping 141 → Heat absorbing heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption → Piping 143
→ The third four-way valve 99 → the pipe 127 → circulates to the compressor 31. Therefore, it is possible to generate warm air with the heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger 33, generate cool air with the heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35, and absorb heat from the outside air with the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38.

Further, during the simple heat pump heating operation, the refrigerant flows from the compressor 31 → the pipe 101 → the first four-way valve 90 →
Heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation inside the vehicle → piping 137 and liquid tank 3
6 and expansion valve 34 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 107 → first four-way valve 90 → pipe 103 → exterior heat exchanger 38 → pipe 109 → second four-way valve 91 → pipe 139 → third four-way It circulates from the valve 99 → pipe 127 → compressor 31.
Therefore, the heat absorbing heat exchanger 35 is not used, the heat is absorbed from the outside air by the heat exchanger 38 outside, and the hot air can be generated by the heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 14 can be obtained, and a simple heat pump heating operation can be performed similarly to the seventh embodiment.
At the time of the heating operation, an optimal heating operation can be selected in accordance with control factors such as the outside air temperature and window defogging.

FIGS. 21 to 37 show still another embodiment. In each of these embodiments, during the heating operation, the so-called sleeping refrigerant that gradually enters and accumulates in the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment through the small gap of the seal portion is returned to the operation cycle side. That is, if no countermeasure is taken, there is a problem that the refrigerant stagnates in the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 during the heating operation. Specifically, during the heating operation, the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment is used.
The problem that the refrigerant gradually enters the exterior heat exchanger 38 from a slight gap of a valve seal portion such as an electromagnetic valve provided in a pipe connected to the exterior heat exchanger 38 in order to flow the refrigerant while avoiding the air flow. was there. For this reason, the refrigerant on the refrigeration cycle side that is operating, that is, in this case, the refrigerant on the refrigeration cycle side composed of the compressor 31, the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33, the expansion valve 34, and the heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 runs short. However, the heating capacity could be slightly reduced. Therefore, the outside heat exchanger 3
It is necessary to take measures to effectively return the refrigerant laid down inside the refrigerant circuit 8 to the operating refrigeration cycle. The countermeasures are actively taken in the embodiments shown in FIGS. Since the overall configuration is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are given to the same components and description will be made with reference to FIG.

First, FIGS. 21, 22, and 23 show a refrigeration cycle and a control flowchart of the vehicle air conditioner according to the ninth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 21, also in the refrigeration cycle of this embodiment, the compressor 31, the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, the heat exchanger 33 for the heat radiation inside the vehicle, the expansion valve 34 as expansion means, the heat exchange inside the vehicle compartment for heat absorption are basically performed. The container 35 is provided. The compressor 31 and one side of the exterior heat exchanger 38, that is, the refrigerant inflow side, are connected by pipes 101 and 103. The heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment and the heat exchanger 33 inside the vehicle interior for heat dissipation are connected by pipes 109 and 111. The heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger 33, the expansion valve 34, and the heat-absorption vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 are connected by a pipe 100. 36 is a liquid tank. Heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35
And the compressor 31 are connected by a pipe 127.
A pipe 115 forming an avoidance flow path is connected between the pipes 101 and 103 and between the pipes 109 and 111.
The pipe 103 has a first refrigerant passage switching means.
An on-off valve 92 is provided, and the second on-off valve 9
3 are provided. The pipe 109 is provided with a check valve 70. The check valve 70 has a forward direction from the exterior heat exchanger 38 to the heat radiation interior heat exchanger 33.
Such a configuration constitutes the basic cycle of the ninth embodiment.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, the refrigerant flow switching means further includes a first parallel auxiliary pipe 151 and a second parallel auxiliary pipe 153 as parallel auxiliary pipes. One end of the first parallel auxiliary pipe 151 is connected to the pipe 100 on the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35. The other end of the first parallel auxiliary pipe 151 is connected to the pipe 103 on one side of the exterior heat exchanger 38, that is, on the refrigerant inflow side. Accordingly, the first parallel auxiliary pipe 151 connects the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger 35 and one side of the exterior heat exchanger 38 to each other.

The first parallel auxiliary pipe 151 is provided with a first refrigerant flow control valve 155 composed of a two-way valve as first refrigerant flow control means. The second parallel auxiliary pipe 15
3 is provided with a second refrigerant flow path adjustment valve 157 formed of a two-way valve as second refrigerant flow path adjustment means.

The valves 92, 93, 155 and 157 are electromagnetic two-way valves driven to open and close by the control means 43. Incidentally, the valves 92 and 93 may be constituted by three-way valves. In addition, the valve opening / closing state when not in the energized state can be appropriately selected. For example, electromagnetic two-way valves include a system that opens when power is not supplied, such as normally open, and a system that closes when power is not supplied, such as so-called normally closed. Therefore, as for the valves 92, 93, 155, and 157, the refrigeration cycle pressure rises abnormally when the valves are closed, the refrigerant stagnates in the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle due to the opening of the valves, and the longer non-energization time in the use environment is selected. For example, the selection is made in consideration of various factors.

The heating apparatus for a vehicle according to the ninth embodiment is controlled based on the flowcharts shown in FIGS. By this control, the vehicle air conditioner performs a cooling operation, a stable heating operation, and a transient heating operation. The stable heating operation is a heating operation when the vehicle interior temperature and the refrigeration cycle are in a stable state, and is a first heating operation. The transient heating operation is mainly performed during the refrigeration cycle such as at the beginning of heating.
Heating operation.

First, in step S201, constants used for calculation expressions and comparison expressions described later are set. In step S202, the detection values of various sensors and the data from the occupant setting operation are read. That set room temperature T _PTC is adjusted at a position of the temperature setting lever, the amount of solar radiation Q _sun, outside air temperature T _amb, set fan V _Fan.Set inputted by operating the setting fan switch, air conditioner detected by the operation of the air conditioner switch The switch signal AC _SW , the refrigerant discharge temperature _Td of the compressor 31, and the like.

In the step S203, it is determined whether or not the air conditioner switch is ON (operating). If it is ON, the process proceeds to step S204;
The routine proceeds to the routine (b). In step S204, the operation state is switched according to the position of the temperature setting lever. For example, if the lever moves in a substantially horizontal direction, the cooling operation is performed on the left side, the heating operation is performed on the right side, and the blowing operation is performed at an intermediate position. Here, since the two modes are considered as the heating operation as described above, the term “heating mode” is used to mean that one of the heating operations is performed.

In step S205, several valves constituting a refrigeration cycle for performing the cooling operation are set. The details will be described later. In step S206, the heating operation is performed, but the operation method is not determined here to switch between the two methods. In step S207, a blowing operation is performed without driving the compressor.

In step S208, it is determined whether or not the room temperature is below a predetermined value (for example, 15 ° C.). This is to determine whether the room temperature in the vehicle compartment is in a stable state. If the room temperature is equal to or lower than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S209, and if not, the process proceeds to the routine of FIG.

In step S209, it is determined whether the compressor discharge temperature of the refrigerant is equal to or lower than a predetermined value (for example, 55 ° C.). This is for judging whether or not the refrigerant discharge temperature of the compressor 31 is a low temperature equal to or lower than a predetermined value and the refrigeration cycle has not reached a state where the refrigeration cycle exhibits a sufficient capacity.
If the value is equal to or smaller than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S210; otherwise, the process proceeds to the routine of FIG.

In step S210, the time from the start of the compressor to the present time is calculated, and it is determined whether the time is less than a predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes). This is because if the outside heat exchanger 38 is operated when the outside air temperature is low, the outside heat exchanger 38 freezes due to frost and stops functioning. Heat exchanger 3
It is to judge the necessity of the defrosting of No. 8. If it is equal to or shorter than the predetermined time, the flow shifts to step S211 in FIG.

Therefore, each of these steps S208, S20
Steps S9 and S210 determine whether the heating mode is the transient heating operation or the stable heating operation. That is, when the room temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined value and the discharge temperature of the compressor 31 is equal to or lower than a predetermined value, and is equal to or lower than a predetermined time from the start, the heating is in the early stage, and the indoor temperature and the refrigeration cycle are not in a stable state. Since it is considered that the heat exchanger 38 does not freeze, the transient heating operation is performed. If the vehicle interior temperature exceeds a predetermined value and the compressor discharge temperature exceeds a predetermined value and exceeds a predetermined time from the time of starting, it is assumed that the vehicle is operated in a state where the vehicle interior temperature is stable and the cycle is also stable, and Since the outside heat exchanger 38 may freeze due to frost, stable heating operation is performed. The priority order of these determinations is that the vehicle interior temperature is the first, the discharge temperature of the compressor 31 is the second, and the time from the start is the third.
It has become. Steps S208, S209, S2
10 can also be controlled by any judgment.

In step S211 of FIG. 23 (a), the room temperature is lower than a predetermined value, the room temperature has not yet reached a comfortable temperature, and the refrigerant discharge temperature of the compressor 31 is lower than the predetermined value. The refrigeration cycle has not yet reached a state where it exhibits a sufficient capacity, and furthermore, within a predetermined time from the start-up, the defrosting of the external heat exchanger 38 is not yet necessary, and the external heat exchanger 38 is an evaporator. This is when one of the conditions considered to function as is satisfied or all the conditions are satisfied. Moreover, since the heating capacity needs to be further improved, the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle compartment is used as an evaporator.
8, and a predetermined valve is opened and closed. Details of the opening and closing of this valve will be described later.

In step S212, whether the room temperature in the vehicle compartment has reached the predetermined temperature, the refrigerant discharge temperature of the compressor 31 has reached the predetermined temperature, and the refrigeration cycle is exhibiting the predetermined capacity, or the heat exchange outside the vehicle compartment has been performed. This is the time when the defrosting of the vessel 38 corresponds to one of the required times. Therefore, the heating operation is not the transient heating operation but the stable heating operation, and the heating operation in which the outside heat exchanger 38 is not used as the heat exchanger is selected, and a predetermined valve is opened and closed. Details of opening and closing the valve will be described later.

In step S213, the number of revolutions of the compressor 31 is set. In step S214, the application voltage of the blower fan is set, and the air volume is set. Step S
At 215, the actuator of each door is set to a predetermined opening. When a series of steps is completed in this way, the process returns to step S202 again, and the above steps are repeated. Further, the routine of FIG. 23 (b) corresponds to the step S20 of FIG.
3 is performed when it is determined that the air conditioner switch is not ON. In step S216, the operation of each door actuator is stopped. In step S217, the blower fan is stopped. In step S218, the compressor is stopped. These steps are repeated until the air conditioner switch is turned on again.

With the above control, the switching state of each valve and the flow of the refrigerant are as shown in FIG. FIG. 24A is a table showing the operating states of the valves 92, 93, 155, and 157. That is, the operating state of each valve is represented by opening and closing according to the cooling operation, the stable heating operation, and the transient heating operation. For example, in the transient heating operation, only the valve 92 is closed.

FIG. 24 (b) is a chart showing the flow of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle. For the sake of space, the flow is indicated only by the number of the member. For example, in the cooling operation, the compressor 31 → the valve 92 → the outside heat exchanger 38 → the check valve 70
→ Heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation → Liquid tank 36 → Expansion valve 3
4 → circulates to the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 → compressor 31. In stable heating operation, compressor 31 → valve 93
→ Heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation → Liquid tank 36 → Expansion valve 3
4 → circulates to the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 → compressor 31. In transient heating operation, compressor 31 → valve 93
→ Heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation → Liquid tank 36 → Expansion valve 3
4 and from the expansion valve 34, on the one hand, to the heat-absorbing passenger compartment heat exchanger 35 → the compressor 31 and, on the other hand, to the valve 1
55 → exterior heat exchanger 38 → valve 157 → compressor 3
Cycle to 1.

As described above, the flow of the refrigerant in the cooling operation and the stable heating operation is the same as that in FIG. 53. However, in the transient heating operation, the refrigerant flowing out of the expansion valve 34 is supplied to the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35.
, And flows into the outside heat exchanger 38 in parallel, and then is sucked into the compressor 31.

As described above, during the stable heating operation, when the refrigerant flows while avoiding the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, the refrigerant leaks from valve gaps such as the valves 70 and 92 and falls into the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment. Even so, the heat exchanger 38 outside the cabin is operated by the transient heating operation.
Since the refrigerant can flow to the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant from stagnation. Therefore, when the operation shifts to the stable heating operation, the amount of refrigerant in the operation cycle avoiding the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment is sufficiently maintained, and the capacity can be sufficiently exhibited. Thus, the dehumidifying and heating operation can be performed with sufficient capacity during the heating operation, and the dehumidifying and heating operation can be sufficiently performed by adding the heat absorbing effect in the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 during the transient heating operation. In addition, if the time exceeds a predetermined time from the start-up, the transient heating operation is switched to the stable heating operation, so that a situation in which the moisture of the outside air freezes on the outside heat exchanger 38 can be avoided, and the occupant is extremely comfortable during the heating operation. It can provide thermal environmental conditions.

In the above embodiment, one expansion valve 34 is used as the expansion means. However, as a refrigeration cycle, expansion valves are provided after shunting the heat to the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger 35 and the exterior heat exchanger 38. Is also good. By providing a plurality of expansion valves, the amount of heat exchange can be set according to each of the evaporators 35 and 38. Therefore, for example, the amount of heat exchange in the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 is reduced by the external heat exchanger 38. Adjustments such as setting larger than the amount can be easily performed. Valve 155
May be a check valve instead of an electromagnetic two-way valve (the forward direction, which is the refrigerant flow direction, is the direction from the expansion valve 34 to the exterior heat exchanger 38). However, if a check valve is used, the refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve 34 during the stable heating operation may be in a so-called stagnation state in which the refrigerant stays in the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle. The two-way valve is more effective.

FIG. 25 shows a refrigeration cycle of the tenth embodiment. This embodiment also connects the heat-absorbing interior heat exchanger 35 and the exterior heat exchanger 38 in parallel during transient heating operation by the first parallel auxiliary pipe 151 and the second parallel auxiliary pipe 153 that are parallel auxiliary pipes. is there. However, in this embodiment, the first parallel auxiliary pipe 151 is connected to the pipe 127 on the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35.
The second parallel auxiliary pipe 153 is connected to the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger 3.
5 is connected to the piping 100 on the refrigerant inflow side. The other structure is the same as that of the ninth embodiment shown in FIG.

The valve opening / closing state and the refrigerant flow state of the refrigeration cycle in this embodiment are as shown in FIGS. 26 (a) and (b). 26 has the same meaning as in FIG. 24, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. As described above, in this embodiment, the refrigerant flows through the exterior heat exchanger 38 in the reverse direction during the transient heating operation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the ninth embodiment can be obtained. In addition, the refrigerant can be more reliably prevented from stagnation in the outside heat exchanger 38 by flowing the refrigerant back through the outside heat exchanger 38. it can.

In this embodiment as well, a plurality of expansion valves 34 can be provided, and a valve 157 is provided as a check valve (the expansion valve 34 in the forward direction which is the flow direction of the refrigerant) in accordance with the condition of the thermal environment. (Toward the outside heat exchanger 38).

In the embodiments after FIG. 27, the heat absorbing heat exchanger 35 and the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle interior are connected in series by a series auxiliary pipe during the transient heating operation. FIG. 27 shows the eleventh embodiment.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 27, the refrigerant flow switching means includes a first series auxiliary pipe 159 and a second series auxiliary pipe 161 as series auxiliary pipes. 1st series auxiliary pipe 1
One end of the pipe 59 is connected to the pipe 127 on the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35. The other end is connected to the pipe 103 on the inflow side, which is one side of the exterior heat exchanger 38. This first series auxiliary pipe 159 is provided with a first refrigerant flow path adjusting valve 155 composed of a two-way valve as first refrigerant flow path adjusting means. The second series auxiliary pipe 1
One end of 61 is connected to the pipe 127 on the refrigerant suction side of the compressor 31. The other end is connected to the pipe 109 on the outflow side, which is the other side of the exterior heat exchanger 38. The second series auxiliary pipe 161 has a two-way valve as a second refrigerant flow path adjusting means.
7 are provided. These valves 155 and 157 are shown in FIG.
Has the same configuration as the valves 155 and 157 of the ninth embodiment,
The valve 155 can be a check valve as in the ninth embodiment. An electromagnetic two-way, which is a third refrigerant flow path adjusting means, is provided between the first series auxiliary pipe 159 and the second series auxiliary pipe 161 between the heat absorbing passenger compartment heat exchanger 35 and the compressor 31 and the pipe 127. A third refrigerant flow control valve 163 constituted by a valve is provided.

The valve opening / closing state and the refrigerant flow state of the refrigeration cycle in this embodiment are as shown in the table of FIG. Detailed description is omitted as above. In particular, during the transient heating operation, the refrigerant flowing out of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger 35 flows into the exterior heat exchanger 38 through the valve 155, and further the valve 1
The air is sucked into the compressor 31 through 57. That is, the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the vehicle and the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle interior
8 are connected in series, and the refrigerant flows. Therefore, during the transient heating operation, the refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve 34 exchanges heat with the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger 35, further flows into the exterior heat exchanger 38 via the valve 155, and exchanges heat. It is sucked into the compressor 31 via the compressor. The low-pressure refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve 34 exchanges heat with the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 and the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 as an evaporator, and the air-conditioning air blown into the room by the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35. Then, the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle cabin absorbs heat from the outside air and gasifies the liquid refrigerant that has fallen asleep and returns it to the working cycle side.

As described above, in this embodiment, refrigerant stagnation of the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment can be prevented by connecting the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the vehicle and the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle in series. A thermal environment can be provided.

FIG. 29 shows a refrigeration cycle of the twelfth embodiment. In this embodiment, one end of the first series auxiliary pipe 159 is connected to the pipe 100 on the refrigerant outflow side of the expansion valve 34. Further, one end of the second series auxiliary pipe 161 is connected to the pipe 1 on the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35.
00 is connected. Further, between the expansion valve 34 and the heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 and between the first series auxiliary pipe 15
A third refrigerant flow control valve 163 is provided between the second refrigerant pipe 9 and the second series auxiliary pipe 161. Another configuration is shown in FIG.
This is the same as the eleventh embodiment.

The open / closed state of the valve and the flow state of the refrigerant in this embodiment are as shown in FIG. Therefore, in this embodiment, the refrigerant that has flowed out of the expansion valve 34 during the transient heating operation first flows into the exterior heat exchanger 38, and then flows to the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger 35. Therefore, this embodiment has substantially the same functions and effects as the eleventh embodiment of FIG. 27, and also has the following unique effects.
That is, since the refrigerant that has flowed out of the expansion valve 34 immediately flows into the outside heat exchanger 38, the amount of heat exchange in the outside heat exchanger increases, and it becomes possible to absorb more heat from the outside air. .

In the twelfth embodiment, the valve 155 can be a check valve. FIG. 31 shows a refrigeration cycle of the thirteenth embodiment. In this embodiment, the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 and the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 during the transient heating operation.
Are connected in series, and the refrigerant is caused to flow in the reverse direction through the exterior heat exchanger 38. Therefore, the first series auxiliary pipe 159 is connected to the pipe 127 on the suction side of the compressor 31. In addition, the second series auxiliary pipe 161 is located on the outflow side of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger 35.
It is connected to a pipe 127. Further, a pipe 1 is provided between the first series auxiliary pipe 159 and the second series auxiliary pipe 161.
27 is provided with a third refrigerant flow control valve 163. The other configuration is the same as that of the eleventh embodiment in FIG.

The valve opening / closing state and the refrigerant flow state of the cycle in this embodiment are as shown in the table of FIG. Therefore, in this embodiment, substantially the same operation and effect as those of the eleventh embodiment can be obtained, and the refrigerant can flow back into the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle during the transient heating operation to prevent stagnation.

FIG. 33 shows a refrigeration cycle of the fourteenth embodiment. This embodiment is a modification of the eleventh embodiment.
As in the third embodiment, it is provided as a modification of the twelfth embodiment. That is, one end of the first series auxiliary pipe 159 is connected to the pipe 10 on the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35.
0, and one end of the second series auxiliary pipe 161 is connected to the pipe 100 on the outflow side of the expansion valve 34. The other structure is the same as that of the twelfth embodiment in FIG.

The open / closed state of each valve and the refrigerant flow state of the cycle in this embodiment are as shown in FIG. Therefore, in this embodiment, substantially the same operation and effect as those of the twelfth embodiment in FIG. 29 can be obtained. In addition, during the transient heating operation, by flowing the refrigerant back to the exterior heat exchanger 38, the stored refrigerant liquid can be gasified and returned to the working cycle side.

In this embodiment, the expansion valves 34 can be provided after the flow is divided.
May be constituted by a check valve.

FIG. 35 shows a refrigeration cycle according to the fifteenth embodiment. In this embodiment, a first series auxiliary pipe 159 and a second series auxiliary pipe 161 are connected via a four-way valve 165. That is, the four-way valve 165 is connected to the pipe 127 between the heat absorbing passenger compartment heat exchanger 35 and the compressor 31.
It is interposed in. One end of the first series auxiliary pipe 159 and one end of the second series auxiliary pipe 161 are connected to the four-way valve 165, respectively.

The open / close state of each valve and the refrigerant flow state of the cycle in this embodiment are as shown in FIG. That is, during the cooling operation and the stable heating operation, the refrigerant flowing out of the heat absorbing passenger compartment heat exchanger 35 passes through the four-way valve 165 and is sucked into the compressor 31 as it is. On the other hand, during the transient heating operation, the refrigerant flowing out of the heat absorbing heat exchanger 35 passes through the four-way valve 165 through the valve 155, and the heat exchanger 3
Flow into 8. Further, it is sucked into the compressor 31 through the valve 157 and the four-way valve 165. Therefore, in this embodiment, the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger 35 and the exterior heat exchanger 38 can be connected in series via the four-way valve 165 during the transient heating operation.

Therefore, also in this embodiment, during the transient heating operation, the refrigerant can be supplied to the outside heat exchanger 38 to gasify the liquefied refrigerant that has been laid down and return it to the working cycle side.
Therefore, in this embodiment, substantially the same operation and effect as those of the eleventh embodiment and the subsequent embodiments can be obtained. Further, in this embodiment, the number of valves can be reduced as a whole by using the four-way valve 165, and the cost can be reduced.

Incidentally, also in this embodiment, the valve 155 can be a check valve. FIG. 37 shows a refrigeration cycle according to a sixteenth embodiment. This embodiment also has a four-way valve 165 as in the fifteenth embodiment of FIG. on the other hand,
In this embodiment, the first refrigerant flow control valve 155 is constituted by a check valve. Other configurations are the same as those of the fifteenth embodiment.

The open / close state of each valve and the refrigerant flow state of the refrigeration cycle in this embodiment are as shown in the table of FIG. That is, the basic flow is the same as that of the fifteenth embodiment in FIG. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the check valve of the first refrigerant flow control valve 155 causes the outside heat exchanger 38 to have a high-pressure refrigerant during the cooling operation and the low-pressure refrigerant to be present in the four-way valve 165 in the direction from the high pressure to the low pressure. Is the first refrigerant flow control valve 1
Since it is not the forward direction of 55, the refrigerant does not flow from the outside heat exchanger 38 to the four-way valve 165 side.

Also, during the stable heating operation, the first refrigerant flow control valve 155 does not particularly function because the outside heat exchanger 38 is a flow path separated from the working refrigeration cycle by switching the four-way valve 165 and the like.

Therefore, in this embodiment, substantially the same functions and effects as those of the fifteenth embodiment can be obtained. Also,
Since the first refrigerant flow control valve 155 is constituted by a check valve, the structure is simplified and the whole control can be simplified.

FIG. 39 shows a refrigeration cycle according to a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment also uses a four-way valve 165 as in the fifteenth embodiment of FIG. However,
The four-way valve 165 of this embodiment is different from the four-way valve 165 of the fifteenth embodiment in FIG. That is, in FIG. 39, the four-way valve 165 is provided in the pipe 100 between the expansion valve 34 and the heat absorbing exterior heat exchanger 35. One end of the first series auxiliary pipe 159 and one end of the second series auxiliary pipe 161 are connected to the four-way valve 165. The other structure is substantially the same as that of the fifteenth embodiment in FIG.

The open / close state of each valve and the refrigerant flow state of the refrigeration cycle in this embodiment are as shown in FIG. Therefore, during the transient heating operation, the refrigerant flowing out of the expansion valve 34 flows into the exterior heat exchanger 38 through the four-way valve 165 and the first refrigerant flow control valve 155, and the second refrigerant flow control valve 157 and the four-way valve 165 Then, it flows into the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 and is further sucked into the compressor 31.

Therefore, in this embodiment, during the transient heating operation, the refrigerant first flows to the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, and then flows to the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption.
Almost the same effects as the second embodiment can be obtained.
In this embodiment, since the four-way valve 165 is used, the fifteenth valve is used.
Almost the same effects as the embodiment can be obtained.

FIG. 41 shows a refrigeration cycle according to the eighteenth embodiment. This embodiment differs from the fifteenth embodiment of FIG. 35 in that the sixteenth embodiment of FIG. 37 uses a check valve as the first refrigerant flow control valve 155, as compared with the fifteenth embodiment of FIG. On the other hand, a check valve is used as the first refrigerant flow control valve 155 in FIG. Other configurations are the same as those of the seventeenth embodiment in FIG.

The open / close state of each valve and the refrigerant flow state of the refrigeration cycle are as shown in the table of FIG. Therefore, in this embodiment, substantially the same functions and effects as those of the seventeenth embodiment in FIG. 39 can be obtained. Further, by using a check valve as the first refrigerant flow control valve 155, it is possible to achieve substantially the same operation and effect as the sixteenth embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 43 shows a refrigeration cycle according to the nineteenth embodiment. This embodiment is common to the fifteenth embodiment in FIG. 35 in that a four-way valve 165 is used. However, in this embodiment, the refrigerant is caused to flow back to the exterior heat exchanger 38 during the transient heating operation. Therefore, the connection of one end of the first series auxiliary pipe 159 and one end of the second series auxiliary pipe 161 to the four-way valve 165 is different from that of the fifteenth embodiment in FIG.

The open / close state of each valve and the refrigerant flow state of the refrigeration cycle are as shown in the table of FIG. Therefore, in this embodiment, the heat absorbing external heat exchanger 35 during the transient heating operation is used.
Refrigerant flowing out of the vehicle enters the outside heat exchanger 38 through the four-way valve 165 and the valve 157, and flows from the valve 155 to the four-way valve 165.
Through the compressor 31. Therefore, in this embodiment, substantially the same operation and effect as in the fifteenth embodiment can be obtained. In addition, the backflow of the refrigerant through the exterior heat exchanger 38 allows the stored liquid refrigerant to be gasified and returned to the operation cycle side.

FIG. 45 shows a refrigeration cycle according to the twentieth embodiment. In this embodiment, the second refrigerant flow regulating valve 157 is constituted by a check valve as compared with the nineteenth embodiment in FIG. Other configurations are the same as those of the nineteenth embodiment.

The open / close state of each valve and the refrigerant flow state of the refrigeration cycle are as shown in the table of FIG. Therefore, in this embodiment, substantially the same operation and effect as those of the nineteenth embodiment in FIG. 43 can be obtained. In addition, since a check valve is used as the second refrigerant flow control valve 157, the 18th refrigerant valve in FIG.
It is possible to obtain substantially the same operation and effect as the embodiment.

FIG. 47 shows a refrigeration cycle according to the twenty-first embodiment. In this embodiment, similarly to the seventeenth embodiment of FIG. 39, a four-way valve 165 is provided between the expansion valve 34 and the heat absorbing passenger compartment heat exchanger 35 to provide a first series auxiliary pipe 159 and a second series auxiliary pipe 161. Connection. However, the connection of the pipe to the four-way valve 165 is the
Instead of the embodiment, the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 during the transient heating operation
The refrigerant is caused to flow backward. This relationship is
This is the same as the relationship of the nineteenth embodiment in FIG. 43 with respect to the fifteenth embodiment in FIG. The open / closed state of each valve and the refrigerant flow state of the refrigeration cycle in this embodiment are as shown in the table of FIG. The other structure is almost the same as that of the seventeenth embodiment in FIG. Therefore, in this embodiment, in addition to having substantially the same operation and effect as the seventeenth embodiment in FIG. 39, the refrigerant is caused to flow back to the outside heat exchanger 38 during the transient heating operation. Almost the same operation and effect can be obtained.

FIG. 49 shows a refrigeration cycle according to the twenty-second embodiment. In this embodiment, the second refrigerant flow control valve 157 of the twenty-first embodiment shown in FIG. 47 is constituted by a check valve. Other configurations are the same as those of the twenty-first embodiment. The open / closed state of each valve and the refrigerant flow state of the refrigeration cycle are as shown in the table of FIG. Therefore, in this embodiment, substantially the same operation and effect as those of the twenty-first embodiment in FIG. 47 can be obtained. Also, by using the second refrigerant flow control valve 157 as a check valve, it is possible to achieve substantially the same operation and effect as the twentieth embodiment in FIG.

FIG. 51 shows a refrigeration cycle according to the twenty-third embodiment. In the eleventh embodiment shown in FIG. 27, the single expansion valve 34 is provided as expansion means in the twenty-second embodiment shown in FIG. 49. However, as in the twenty-third embodiment, the valve 155 and the external heat exchanger 38 are provided. Between the other expansion valve 16
7, it is also possible to use a plurality of expansion means. As described above, by using a plurality of expanding means, it is possible to independently control the operating pressures of the plurality of evaporators of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger 35 and the exterior heat exchanger 38 during the transient heating operation. It will be easier. Therefore, the refrigerant can be evaporated by the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35, and further reduced to a lower pressure and lower temperature by the second expansion valve 167, and the refrigerant can be evaporated by the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38. In this way, the operating temperature of the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment can be lower than the operating temperature of the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the vehicle compartment, and heat can be absorbed even when the outside air is relatively low.

[0220]

As is clear from the above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the heat is radiated by the heat radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger during the heating operation, the heat is absorbed by the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, and the vehicle exterior heat is released during the cooling operation. Heat is radiated by both the heat exchanger and the heat exchanger outside the vehicle and the heat exchanger inside the vehicle, and the heat is absorbed by the heat exchanger inside the heat absorber. The heat quantity and the work heat quantity of the compressor are radiated by the heat-radiating heat exchanger in the vehicle interior to improve the heating capacity, and at the same time, can be operated even at low outside air temperature without being influenced by the weather conditions of the outside air, thereby enabling stable control. After dehumidification by the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, heating is performed by the heat radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger, so that dehumidifying and heating becomes possible and fogging of the window can be prevented. Reheating after the dehumidification of the conditioned air does not require the use of an electric heater or the like, thereby reducing power consumption. Since heating can be efficiently performed without using an electric heater or exhaust heat of an engine, the present invention can be applied not only to a car having an engine but also to a case without a large heat source such as a solar car or an electric car.

Further, if necessary, heat can be radiated, absorbed, or cut off from the outside air by the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment. In the heating operation, heat can be used from very cold to slightly cold conditions, and in a slightly cold environment, the coefficient of performance can be 1 or more, and energy can be saved.

Further, since the refrigerant can flow to the exterior heat exchanger during the second heating operation, it is possible to remove the refrigerant that is going to leak into the exterior heat exchanger during the first heating operation; it can. Therefore, when returning to the first heating operation, the refrigerant effective in the cycle is sufficiently maintained, and the heating capacity can be properly exhibited.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the operation mode of the cooling, the weak heating, and the heating is switched according to the thermal environment state, whereby the interior of the vehicle is brought into a desired thermal environment state and the highly efficient weak heating operation is performed. It is possible to do.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the operation modes of cooling, weak heating, and heating can be realized only by using two four-way valves and the refrigerant avoidance valve.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, each of the above-mentioned operation modes can be realized without using a four-way valve and a refrigerant valve, and without providing a pipe for avoiding the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, two four-way valves and a plurality of refrigerant control valves are used, and the refrigerant flows outside the vehicle interior heat exchanger as a heat absorption heat exchanger prior to the heat absorption interior heat exchanger. Therefore, the heat absorption from the outside air is larger than the heat absorption from the vehicle interior air, and when the device is used frequently under conditions where the outside air temperature is not relatively low, the coefficient of performance can be used under conditions where the coefficient of performance is higher than 1. ing.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, each of the cooling, weak heating and heating operation modes can be realized by using two four-way valves and a plurality of refrigerant avoidance valves. Is not reversed between the cooling operation and the weak heating operation, so that the cooling operation, the heating operation, and the weak heating operation can be smoothly switched.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, each of the above operation modes is realized by using only two four-way valves, and the refrigerant flow is not reversed between the cooling operation and the weak heating operation. There is no need for piping to bypass the heat exchanger outside the cabin.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, only the two four-way valves are used to realize each of the above operation modes, the refrigerant flow does not reverse between the cooling operation and the weak heating operation, and further, the outside heat exchanger There is no need for a pipeline to avoid the above, and no refrigerant control valve is required.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, three four-way valves are used,
In addition to the effect of the invention of claim 7, when the temperature of the outside air is relatively high and there is no fogging of the window, simple heat pump heating can be performed, so that dehumidification is not performed in addition to cooling, heating, weak heating A simple heat pump heating operation can be performed, and during the heating operation, an optimal heating operation can be selected according to control factors such as the outside air temperature and window defogging.

According to the tenth aspect, three four-way valves are used, and the effects of the eighth and ninth aspects can be combined.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, in the second heating operation, the refrigerant can be divided and flown to the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and the exterior heat exchanger. . Accordingly, dehumidification can be performed by the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, and the heat of the outside air can be sufficiently absorbed by the vehicle exterior heat exchanger, so that the dehumidifying and heating capacity can be improved.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first or eleventh aspect, the refrigerant flow switching means includes a first parallel auxiliary pipe, a second parallel auxiliary pipe, a first refrigerant flow adjusting means, Since the second refrigerant flow path adjusting means is provided, the flow paths can be switched reliably.

According to the thirteenth aspect, in addition to the effects of the first or eleventh aspect, in the second heating operation, the refrigerant can be caused to flow back to the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment, whereby the heat generated outside the vehicle compartment can be reduced. Refrigerant stagnation of the exchanger can be prevented.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant can be made to flow in series with the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and the exterior heat exchanger during the second heating operation, thereby preventing the refrigerant from stagnation. . Thereby, improvement of dehumidification heating can be aimed at.

According to the fifteenth aspect, in addition to the effect of the first or the fourteenth aspect, the refrigerant is first supplied to the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger during the second heating operation by switching the refrigerant flow switching means. After that, the refrigerant can flow into the exterior heat exchanger, and the dehumidification effect can be improved, and the refrigerant stagnation of the exterior heat exchanger can be prevented, so that the dehumidification heating can be improved.

According to the sixteenth aspect, in addition to the effects of the first or the fourteenth aspect, the refrigerant is first passed through the exterior heat exchanger during the second heating operation by switching the refrigerant flow switching means, and then the heat absorption is performed. To the heat exchanger in the passenger compartment. Therefore, it is possible to improve the heat absorption from the outside air while performing the dehumidification in the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, and it is possible to improve the heating capacity.

According to the seventeenth aspect, in addition to the effects of the first or the fourteenth aspect, the refrigerant is first supplied to the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger during the second heating operation by switching the refrigerant flow switching means. After that, the refrigerant can be passed through the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment, and the dehumidifying capacity can be properly maintained while absorbing heat from the outside air, and the dehumidifying heating can be improved. Moreover, the use of the four-way valve simplifies the structure and control, thereby reducing costs.

According to the eighteenth aspect, in addition to the effects of the first or fourteenth aspect, after the refrigerant is caused to flow through the exterior heat exchanger during the second heating operation by switching the refrigerant flow switching means, The heat can be passed through the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, and the heat absorption from the outside air can be improved while the dehumidification is performed, so that the dehumidifying and heating capacity can be improved. Further, the use of the four-way valve simplifies the structure control and can reduce the cost.

According to the nineteenth aspect, in addition to the effects of the twelfth, thirteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth aspects,
By using a two-way valve or the like, the structure and control are simplified, and cost can be reduced.

According to the twentieth aspect, in addition to the effects of the fifteenth or sixteenth aspects, the use of a two-way valve or the like simplifies the structure and control, thereby achieving cost reduction.

According to the twenty-first aspect, in addition to the effects of any one of the first to eleventh aspects, the heating operation can be switched according to the state of the cabin thermal environment. Switching operation can be performed in accordance with the condition.

According to the twenty-second aspect, in addition to the effects of any one of the first to eleventh aspects, the heating operation can be switched according to the state of the refrigeration cycle, and the state of the refrigeration cycle can be changed. Appropriate control can be performed accordingly.

According to the twenty-third aspect of the present invention, the second heating operation can be switched to the first heating operation if it exceeds a predetermined time from the time of starting, and a situation in which moisture of the outside air freezes on the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment. Can be avoided, and a comfortable thermal environment can be provided to the occupant.

According to the twenty-fourth aspect, in addition to the effects of any one of the first to tenth aspects, switching between the main heating operation and the weak heating operation can be performed.

According to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first aspect or any of the first to third aspects,
Switching between the stable heating operation and the transient heating operation can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a chart showing control of a four-way valve and the like.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a chart showing control of a four-way valve and the like according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a chart showing control of a four-way valve and the like according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a chart showing control of a four-way valve and the like according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a table showing control of a four-way valve and the like according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a table showing control of a four-way valve and the like according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a step diagram illustrating a main part of a control flowchart according to a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a table showing control of a four-way valve and the like according to a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a chart showing control and the like of a four-way valve according to an eighth embodiment;

FIG. 21 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 22 is a step diagram illustrating a main part of a control flowchart according to a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 23 is a step diagram illustrating a main part of a control flowchart according to a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 24 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to the ninth embodiment.

FIG. 25 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a tenth embodiment.

FIG. 26 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 27 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to an eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 28 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 29 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 30 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 31 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 32 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to a thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 33 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 34 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to a fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 35 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a fifteenth embodiment.

FIG. 36 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to the fifteenth embodiment.

FIG. 37 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a sixteenth embodiment.

FIG. 38 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to the sixteenth embodiment.

FIG. 39 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a seventeenth embodiment.

FIG. 40 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to a seventeenth embodiment.

FIG. 41 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to an eighteenth embodiment.

FIG. 42 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to the eighteenth embodiment.

FIG. 43 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a nineteenth embodiment.

FIG. 44 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to the nineteenth embodiment.

FIG. 45 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a twentieth embodiment.

FIG. 46 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to the twentieth embodiment.

FIG. 47 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a twenty-first embodiment.

FIG. 48 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to the twenty-first embodiment.

FIG. 49 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 50 is a table showing a valve opening / closing state and a refrigerant flow state according to the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 51 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle according to a twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 52 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle cooling / heating device according to a conventional example.

FIG. 53 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a new vehicle air conditioner.

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 31 compressor 33 heat-dissipating vehicle interior heat exchanger 34 expansion valve (expansion means) 35 heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 37 blower fan (blowing means) 38 exterior heat exchanger 43 control device (compressor control means, switching control means) 90 first four-way valve (refrigerant flow path switching means) 91 second four-way valve (refrigerant flow path switching means) 92 first on-off valve (refrigerant avoidance valve, refrigerant flow path switching means) 93 second on-off valve ( 94 Refrigerant avoidance valve, refrigerant flow switching means) 94 Third open / close valve (refrigerant avoidance valve, refrigerant flow switching means) 97 Refrigerant control valve 99 Third four-way valve (refrigerant flow switching means) 151 First parallel auxiliary pipe (Refrigerant flow path switching means) 153 Second parallel auxiliary pipe (refrigerant flow path switching means) 155 First refrigerant flow path adjusting valve (First refrigerant flow path adjusting means) 157 Second refrigerant flow path adjusting valve (Second refrigerant flow Road adjustment means) 159 1st series Auxiliary pipe (refrigerant flow path switching means) 161 Second serial auxiliary pipe (refrigerant flow path switching means) 163 Third refrigerant flow path adjusting valve (third refrigerant flow path adjusting means) 165 Four-way valve (refrigerant flow path switching means) 167 Second expansion valve (expansion means)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60H 1/22 B60H 1/32 B60H 3/00

Claims (25)

(57) [Claims] 1. A compressor for adding work to a refrigerant, a vehicle exterior heat exchanger for exchanging heat of the refrigerant with the outside air, and a heat radiator for radiating heat of the refrigerant to air introduced by blowing means to generate warm air. A predetermined flow path connects a vehicle interior heat exchanger, an expansion means for adiabatically expanding the refrigerant, and a heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger which absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the air blowing means into the refrigerant to produce cool air. And a refrigerant flow switching means for switching a flow path of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means converts at least the refrigerant discharged from the compressor during the cooling operation into the external heat exchanger. Through the expansion means, the heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, and the compressor in order. During the first heating operation, the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger bypasses the vehicle exterior heat exchanger and the expansion means. , Heat absorption for vehicle interior heat The heat exchanger is switched so as to sequentially flow to the heat exchanger and the compressor, and to the compressor in the second heating operation in order of the heat-dissipating interior heat exchanger, the expansion means, and at least the exterior heat exchanger. Vehicle air conditioner. 2. A vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: a vehicle interior thermal environment state detecting means for detecting a vehicle interior thermal environment state; a vehicle interior thermal environment state setting means operated by an occupant; Compressor control means for controlling the compressor in accordance with the outputs of the detection means and the setting means; and switching control of the refrigerant flow switching means in accordance with the outputs of the vehicle interior thermal environment detection means and the vehicle interior thermal environment state setting means. A vehicle air conditioner comprising a switching control means. 3. The cooling and heating device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means comprises first and second four-way valves and a refrigerant avoidance valve, and the first four-way valve. The refrigerant discharge side and the suction side of the compressor, the refrigerant suction side of the exterior heat exchanger, and the second
The second four-way valve is connected between the first four-way valve and the refrigerant outflow side of the exterior heat exchanger and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger. Connected between the refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger for absorbing heat, and the refrigerant avoidance valve, between the first four-way valve and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle and the second four-way valve. An air conditioner for a vehicle, wherein the air conditioner is connected between the air conditioners. 4. The cooling / heating device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said refrigerant flow switching means comprises a first and a second four-way valve and a refrigerant control valve, and said first four-way valve. Is connected between a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, a refrigerant inflow side of the vehicle exterior heat exchanger, a refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation vehicle interior heat exchanger, and the second four-way valve, A four-way valve connected between the first four-way valve, a refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment, a refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger for heat absorption and a refrigerant suction side of the compressor, A control valve is connected between the refrigerant outflow side of the second four-way valve and the exterior heat exchanger and the refrigerant inflow side of the first four-way valve and the heat radiation interior heat exchanger. Vehicle air conditioner. 5. The cooling / heating device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means comprises first and second four-way valves and a refrigerant avoidance valve, wherein the first four-way valve is provided. Is connected between the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, the refrigerant suction side of the exterior heat exchanger, the second four-way valve, and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorption interior heat exchanger, A four-way valve connected between the first four-way valve, a refrigerant outflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, a refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger, and a refrigerant outflow side of the expansion valve; A cooling and heating device for a vehicle, wherein a refrigerant avoidance valve is connected between the second four-way valve, the first four-way valve, and a refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment. 6. The cooling and heating device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means comprises first and second four-way valves and a refrigerant control valve, wherein the first four-way valve is provided. Are connected to a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, a refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, the second four-way valve, and a refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorption interior heat exchanger, and the second four-way valve Is connected to the first four-way valve, the refrigerant outflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, the refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger, and the refrigerant suction side of the compressor. A cooling and heating device for a vehicle, which is connected between the first four-way valve, a refrigerant inflow side of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle interior, and the second four-way valve. 7. The cooling and heating device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means comprises first and second four-way valves, and the first four-way valve is a refrigerant of the compressor. A discharge side, a refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, the second four-way valve, and a refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger, and the second four-way valve is connected to the first four-way valve; A four-way valve, a refrigerant outflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, a refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorption interior heat exchanger, and a refrigerant suction side of the compressor. 8. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means comprises first and second four-way valves, and the first four-way valve is a refrigerant of the compressor. A discharge side, a refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, the second four-way valve, and a refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger, and the second four-way valve is connected to the first four-way valve; A four-way valve and a refrigerant outlet side of the exterior heat exchanger, a refrigerant outlet side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger, and a refrigerant inlet side of the heat absorption interior heat exchanger for a vehicle. Air conditioning unit. 9. The cooling and heating device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means comprises first, second, and third four-way valves, and the first four-way valve is The second four-way valve is connected to a refrigerant discharge side of a compressor, a refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, the second four-way valve, and a refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger, A first four-way valve, a refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, a third four-way valve, and a refrigerant suction side of the compressor, wherein the third four-way valve is connected to the second four-way valve; A cooling and heating device for a vehicle, wherein the refrigerant is connected to a refrigerant outflow side of an expansion valve and to a refrigerant inflow side and an outflow side of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger. 10. The cooling and heating device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means includes first, second, and third four-way valves, and the first four-way valve includes the first four-way valve. The second four-way valve is connected to a refrigerant discharge side of a compressor, a refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, the second four-way valve, and a refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger, A first four-way valve, a refrigerant outflow side of the exterior heat exchanger, a refrigerant outflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger, and the third four-way valve, and the third four-way valve, A cooling and heating device for a vehicle, wherein a second four-way valve, a refrigerant inflow side and a refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, and a refrigerant suction side of the compressor are connected. 11. The vehicle cooling / heating device according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching unit parallels the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and the exterior heat exchanger during a second heating operation. A cooling and heating device for a vehicle, comprising: a parallel auxiliary pipe. 12. The cooling and heating device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means includes a refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and a refrigerant inflow side of the exterior heat exchanger. A first parallel auxiliary pipe connecting one side, a second parallel auxiliary pipe communicating the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger with the other side of the exterior heat exchanger, and the first parallel auxiliary pipe. A cooling and heating device for a vehicle, comprising: a first refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in an auxiliary pipe; and a second refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in a second parallel auxiliary pipe. 13. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means includes a refrigerant outlet side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger and a refrigerant outflow side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger. A first parallel auxiliary pipe connecting one side of the heat exchanger, a second parallel auxiliary pipe connecting a refrigerant inlet side of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and the other side of the exterior heat exchanger, and the first parallel auxiliary pipe. A cooling and heating device for a vehicle, comprising: a first refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in an auxiliary pipe; and a second refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in a second parallel auxiliary pipe. 14. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching unit connects the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and the exterior heat exchanger in series during a second heating operation. A cooling and heating device for a vehicle, comprising a series auxiliary pipe as described below. 15. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means includes a refrigerant outlet side of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger and a refrigerant outflow side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger. A first series auxiliary pipe connecting one side, a second series auxiliary pipe connecting the refrigerant suction side of the compressor and the other side of the exterior heat exchanger, and a second series auxiliary pipe provided on the first series auxiliary pipe. A first refrigerant flow path adjusting means and a second refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in the second series auxiliary pipe; a first series auxiliary pipe between the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger and the compressor; A cooling and heating device for a vehicle, comprising: a third refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided between the cooling medium and the pipe. 16. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means connects a refrigerant outflow side of the expansion means to one side of the exterior heat exchanger. A first series auxiliary pipe to connect, a second series auxiliary pipe connecting a refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and the other side of the exterior heat exchanger,
A first refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in the first series auxiliary pipe and a second refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in the second series auxiliary pipe;
A third refrigerant flow path adjusting means is provided between the expansion means and the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger and between the first series auxiliary pipe and the second series auxiliary pipe. Vehicle air conditioner. 17. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow switching means is provided between the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger and the compressor. A valve, a first series auxiliary pipe that communicates the four-way valve with one side of the exterior heat exchanger, and a second series auxiliary pipe that communicates the four-way valve with the other side of the exterior heat exchanger. And a first refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in the first series auxiliary pipe and a second refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in the second series auxiliary pipe. 18. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein said refrigerant flow switching means is interposed between said expansion means and said heat absorbing interior heat exchanger. A four-way valve, a first series auxiliary pipe that communicates the four-way valve with one side of the exterior heat exchanger, and a second series auxiliary pipe that communicates the four-way valve with the other side of the exterior heat exchanger. And a first refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in the first series auxiliary pipe and a second refrigerant flow path adjusting means provided in the second series auxiliary pipe. 19. The claim 12, claim 13, or claim 1
7. The vehicle cooling / heating device according to claim 18, wherein the first refrigerant flow path adjusting unit is a two-way valve or a check valve, and the second refrigerant flow path adjusting unit is a two-way valve. An air conditioning system for a vehicle, comprising: 20. The vehicle cooling / heating apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the first refrigerant flow path adjusting means is a two-way valve or a check valve, and wherein the second and third refrigerant flows are provided. The road conditioning unit is a two-way valve, and the vehicle air conditioner is provided. 21. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, further comprising: a vehicle interior thermal environment state detecting means for detecting a vehicle interior thermal environment state. The refrigerant flow switching means is switched so as to perform the first heating operation mainly when the room temperature is stable, and to perform the second heating operation when the room temperature is transient such as at the beginning of heating mainly in accordance with the detected vehicle interior thermal environment state. A vehicle air conditioner comprising a switching control means for controlling. 22. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the compressor, the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment, the heat exchanger inside the vehicle for heat dissipation, expansion means, It has state detecting means for detecting a state of a refrigeration cycle composed of a heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, and performs a first heating operation mainly when the refrigeration cycle is stable, according to the detected state of the refrigeration cycle, A cooling / heating device for a vehicle, wherein a second heating operation is performed mainly during a refrigeration cycle transition such as at the beginning of heating. 23. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, further comprising a timer for counting an operation time from a start of the compressor, within a predetermined time from the start. If so, it will be the second heating operation,
A cooling and heating device for a vehicle, further comprising switching control means for controlling the refrigerant flow switching means so as to perform a first heating operation when a predetermined time is exceeded. 24. The vehicle cooling and heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first heating operation is a main heating operation for mainly heating a vehicle interior, and the second heating operation is a second heating operation. The heating operation of the vehicle is a weak heating operation for weakly heating the vehicle interior. 25. The method according to claim 1 or claim 11 to claim 23.
The vehicle first heating operation is a stable heating operation for performing stable heating of the vehicle interior, and the second heating operation is a transient heating operation at the beginning of heating. An air conditioner for a vehicle, comprising: