JP3225286U - Insulation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat insulating structure capable of improving the durability of a vacuum heat insulating material is provided. A heat insulating structure includes a housing provided with a wall and a roof of a house, and a window adjacent to the housing. The housing 12 has a vacuum heat insulating material 30 installed therein. The vacuum heat insulating material 30 includes a bag-shaped outer cover material and a core material. The core material is sealed in a jacket material under reduced pressure. The window 14 includes a first heat insulating glass 25 and a second heat insulating glass 26. The first heat-insulating glass 25 has a low-emission film 25a formed thereon. The second heat insulating glass 26 has a low radiation film 26a formed thereon. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat insulating structure in which the durability of a vacuum heat insulating material is improved.

As a vacuum heat insulating material, a material in which the inside of a bag-shaped jacket material is decompressed and a core material is sealed inside is known. In the vacuum heat insulating material, for example, a first outer cover material and a second outer cover material are overlapped, and peripheral portions of the first outer cover material and the second outer cover material are heat-welded with a predetermined width. A core material is housed inside the jacket material. The inside of the jacket material is kept in a reduced pressure state (Patent Document 1).
In the vacuum heat insulating material, a flange portion that protrudes outward from the periphery of the core material is formed by heat-welding a peripheral portion of the first outer material and the second outer material to a predetermined width.

  When a vacuum heat insulating material is used as a heat insulating material for an indoor space, it is necessary to arrange a plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials adjacent to each other. When a plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials are adjacent to each other, it is preferable to reduce the distance between the vacuum heat insulating materials in consideration of a thermal bridge between the adjacent vacuum heat insulating materials. For this reason, it is conceivable to fold the flange portion of the vacuum heat insulating material toward the core material and adhere the core to the core material with an adhesive or an adhesive tape.

  On the other hand, when a vacuum heat insulating material is used in the indoor space, the indoor temperature in winter may drop too much and dew condensation may occur on the vacuum heat insulating material. In addition, there is a possibility that the surface temperature of the vacuum heat insulating material in summer may be too high. For this reason, there is a possibility that the flange portion (that is, the heat welding portion) of the vacuum heat insulating material and the heat welding material of the flange portion may be deteriorated, and a device for improving the durability of the vacuum heat insulating material is required.

WO 2014/030651

  The present invention provides a heat insulating structure capable of improving the durability of a vacuum heat insulating material.

The present invention has the following aspects.
[1] A heat insulating structure including a housing and a window portion, wherein the housing is provided with a vacuum heat insulating material having a core material sealed in a bag-like outer material under reduced pressure. A heat insulating structure, wherein a heat insulating glass having a low radiation film is attached to the portion.
[2] The housing is formed of an exterior member and an interior member having a hollow portion formed therein, and a vacuum heat insulating material disposed in the hollow portion is attached to the exterior member and / or the interior member [ 1].
[3] The heat insulating structure according to [2], wherein the vacuum heat insulating material is attached to the exterior member and / or the interior member with an adhesive or an adhesive tape.
[4] The outer cover material of the vacuum heat insulating material extends from a peripheral portion of the covering portion covering the core material outward in the surface direction of the core material, and keeps the inside of the covering portion in a sealed state. And a flange portion, wherein the flange portion is bent to a side opposite to a surface on which the vacuum heat insulating material is attached. [1] to [3].
[5] The heat insulating structure according to [4], wherein the flange portion is bonded with an adhesive or an adhesive tape to the surface opposite to the surface on which the vacuum heat insulating material is mounted in the folded state.
[6] The heat insulating structure according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the core material of the vacuum heat insulating material is a press-formed product of a mixture of fumed silica, graphite, and glass fiber.
[7] The heat insulating structure according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the low emissivity film of the heat insulating glass has an emissivity of 0.3 or less.
[8] The heat-insulating structure according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the low-emissivity film is a layer containing ITO.
[9] The heat-insulating structure according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the vacuum heat-insulating material and the heat-insulating glass having the low-emissivity film are installed close to each other at an interval of 20 cm or less.
[10] The heat insulating structure according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the heat insulating structure includes an automobile, a train, and a boat.
[11] The heat insulating structure according to any one of [1] to [10], wherein the heat insulating structure is a house, a warehouse, an office, or a building.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the heat insulation structure of this invention, the indoor temperature of a house and the vehicle interior temperature of a vehicle can be suppressed from rising too much in summer, and the indoor temperature and the interior temperature of a vehicle can be suppressed from falling too much in winter, and the flange part of a vacuum heat insulating material Occurrence of dew condensation in the vicinity and damage of the flange material due to heat can be suppressed. Thereby, the deterioration of the vacuum heat insulating material can be suppressed, and the durability of the vacuum heat insulating material can be improved.

It is a typical perspective view showing the heat insulation structure of a 1st embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along II-II in the first embodiment of FIG. 1. It is a typical perspective view showing the state before a flange part in a 1st embodiment is broken. It is a typical perspective view showing the state where the flange part in a 1st embodiment was broken. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vacuum heat insulating material of the first embodiment, taken along line VV of FIG. 4. It is a typical perspective view showing the heat insulation structure of a 2nd embodiment of the present invention.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 1, the heat insulating structure 10 includes a housing 12 having a wall and a roof of a house, and a window 14 adjacent to the housing 12. The housing 12 includes a first wall 21, a second wall 22, and a top 23. The window 14 includes a first heat insulating glass 25 and a second heat insulating glass 26. That is, the heat insulating structure 10 is a house having two glass windows.
In general, double-glazing is used for a window glass for a house. However, in the first embodiment, a single heat insulating glass will be described in order to facilitate understanding of the configuration of the heat insulating structure 10.
In the first embodiment, the heat insulating structure 10 is described as a house having two glass windows, but is not limited to this. As another example, the numbers of glass windows and walls can be changed as appropriate.

  Hereinafter, the first heat insulating glass 25 side is indicated by FR as a front direction, and the second wall portion 22 side is indicated by RR as a rear direction. The first wall 21 side is indicated by RH as a right direction, and the second heat insulating glass 26 side is indicated by LH as a left direction. Also, the top 23 side is indicated by UP with the upper side.

  The first wall 21 is provided on the right side of the heat insulating structure 10. The first wall 21 is raised from the floor 28 and is arranged in the front-rear direction. The first wall portion 21 has a height H1 in the vertical direction and a length L1 in the front-rear direction, and is formed in a rectangular shape in a side view. A plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials 30 are installed inside the first wall 21.

  The second wall 22 is provided on the rear side of the heat insulating structure 10. The second wall portion 22 is raised from the floor portion 28 and is arranged in the left-right direction. The right side of the second wall 22 is formed integrally with the rear side of the first wall 21. The second wall 22 has a height H1 in the vertical direction and a length L2 in the horizontal direction, and is formed in a rectangular shape in a side view. A plurality of vacuum heat insulators 30 are installed inside the second wall 22, similarly to the first wall 21.

The top 23 is provided on the upper side of the heat insulating structure 10 in parallel with the floor 28. The right side of the top 23 is formed integrally with the upper side of the first wall 21, and the rear side of the top 23 is formed integrally with the upper side of the second wall 22.
The top 23 has a length L1 in the front-rear direction and a length L2 in the left-right direction, and is formed in a rectangular shape in plan view. A plurality of vacuum heat insulators 30 are provided inside the top, similarly to the first wall 21.

The first heat insulating glass 25 is a heat insulating window glass provided on the front side of the heat insulating structure 10. The first heat insulating glass 25 is raised from the floor 28 and is arranged in the left-right direction. The right side of the first heat insulating glass 25 is integrally connected to the front side of the first wall 21. The upper side of the first heat insulating glass 25 is integrally connected to the front side of the top 23. The left side of the first heat insulating glass 25 is integrally connected to the front side of the second heat insulating glass 26.
The first heat insulating glass 25 has a height H1 in the vertical direction and a length L2 in the horizontal direction, and is formed in a rectangular shape in a side view. The first heat-insulating glass 25 is, for example, a heat-insulating glass having a low-emission film 25a formed on the surface on the outdoor 32 side. The low-emissivity film 25a can be formed on the indoor surface of the first heat insulating glass 25.

The second heat insulating glass 26 is a heat insulating window glass provided on the left side of the heat insulating structure 10. The second heat insulating glass 26 rises from the floor 28 and is arranged in the front-back direction. The front side of the second heat insulating glass 26 is integrally connected to the left side of the first heat insulating glass 25. The upper side of the second heat insulating glass 26 is integrally connected to the left side of the top 23. The rear side of the second heat insulating glass 26 is integrally connected to the left side of the second wall 22.
The second heat insulating glass 26 has a height H1 in the vertical direction and a length L1 in the front-rear direction, and is formed in a rectangular shape in a side view. The second heat-insulating glass 26 is a heat-insulating glass in which the low-emission film 26a is formed on the surface on the outdoor 32 side. The low-emissivity film 26a can be formed on the indoor side surface of the second heat insulating glass 26.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the first wall portion 21, a plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials 30 are arranged between an outer wall 35 on the outdoor 32 side and an inner wall 36 on the indoor 33 side. The plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials 30 are attached to the outer wall 35 with an adhesive or an adhesive tape 38 so that the attachment surface 30 a is attached to the entire area of the first wall portion 21 without any space. When a vacuum heat insulating material 30 large enough to cover the first wall 21 can be prepared, one vacuum heat insulating material 30 may be attached so as to cover the entire first wall 21.

In the first embodiment, it is preferable that the vacuum heat insulating material 30 and the heat insulating glass are installed close to each other. Proximity means that the vacuum heat insulating material 30 and the first and second heat insulating glasses 25 and 26 are arranged at an interval of 20 cm or less in plan view. Explaining a specific example with reference to FIG. 1, the proximity means, for example, the right end of the first heat insulating glass 25 provided on the FR surface and the left end of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 provided on the leftmost portion of the RH surface. Indicates that the distance measured on a plane parallel to the floor 28 is 20 cm or less. The vacuum heat insulating material 30 and the heat insulating glass are preferably installed at an interval of 0 cm or more and 20 cm or less, more preferably at an interval of 0 cm or more and 10 cm or less.
Since the vacuum heat insulating material 30 and the first and second heat insulating glasses 25 and 26 are disposed close to each other, a sufficient heat insulating effect between the first and second heat insulating glasses 25 and 26 and the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is obtained. Is obtained.

The mounting surface 30a of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is a surface on the opposite side of the flange portion 48 (described later). The mounting surface 30a is formed flat. Therefore, the mounting surface 30a is firmly attached to the outer wall 35 with an adhesive or an adhesive tape 38.
In the first embodiment, an example in which the mounting surface 30a of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is mounted on the outer wall 35 with an adhesive or an adhesive tape 38 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. As another example, the mounting surface 30a can be mounted on the inner wall 36 with an adhesive or an adhesive tape 38.

The second wall portion 22 has the same configuration as the first wall portion 21, and has a plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials 30 mounted therein without leaving any space in the whole area. The top portion 23 has the same configuration as the first wall portion 21, and has a plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials 30 mounted therein without leaving any space in the whole area.
A detailed description of the configuration of the second wall 22 and the top 23 is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 has a bag-shaped outer cover material 41 and a core material 42 sealed under reduced pressure in the outer cover material 41. The vacuum heat insulating material 30 is formed to have a thermal conductivity of 5 mW / mK and a thickness of 10 mm, which is almost the same as the core material 42. The thickness of the vacuum heat insulating material can be selected according to the required heat insulating performance. For example, it is preferable to select from 5 mm to 50 mm.
As the core material 42, for example, a mixture of powder and fiber formed into a plate shape can be used. As the powder, 100 parts by mass of fumed silica and 20 parts by mass of graphite, and glass fiber as a fiber (fiber diameter: 7 g, length: 3 mm): 320 g of a mixture with 5 parts by mass was pressed into a plate.

  As the core material 42, glass wool or resin foam can be used in addition to the powder. However, when a core material of a mixture of the powder and the fiber is used, the thermal conductivity is easily set to 5 mW / mK even when the thickness is 10 mm, and The thermal conductivity hardly changes with time. Further, the core material 42 can be used by encapsulating a mixture of the core material in an inner bag (not shown) and then molding it into a plate shape. Note that the graphite has a function as a radiation suppressant, and another radiation suppressant may be used as a substitute for graphite. Examples of other radiation suppressors include metal particles (such as aluminum particles, silver particles, and gold particles) and inorganic particles (such as carbon black, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, tin oxide, and potassium titanate).

Further, the glass fiber has a function of increasing strength. As a substitute for the glass fiber, a fiber usually used for a vacuum heat insulating material, for example, an inorganic fiber such as an alumina fiber, a mullite fiber, or a silicon carbide fiber, or a resin fiber may be used. Further, the core material may include porous silica. When porous silica is contained, it can be replaced by up to 50% by mass of the amount of fumed silica used.
As the fumed silica, for example, Aerosil (trade name) 300 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd. having a primary particle diameter of 7 nm is used. For example, graphite having an average particle diameter of 20 μm manufactured by Nippon Graphite Industry Co., Ltd. is used. As the glass fiber, for example, one having a fiber diameter of 7 μm and a length of 3 mm is used.
The core member 42 is formed as a plate-like body having a length of 400 mm, a width of 400 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm, for example.

The bag-shaped outer cover member 41 includes a first outer cover member 44 formed in a rectangular shape, and a second outer cover member 45 formed in a rectangular shape.
The first outer cover material 44 and the second outer cover material 45 are, for example, a 12 μm thick stretched PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film, a 9 μm thick aluminum foil, a 25 μm thick stretched nylon film, and a 50 μm thick polyethylene film. Are laminated in this order, and has a gas barrier property. As the bag-shaped outer cover material 41, an outer cover material that is usually used as the outer cover material of the vacuum heat insulating material can be used, and the material and thickness of the film can be appropriately selected according to the intended performance (heat resistance or the like). .

As the covering material, preferably, a protective layer (for example, PET film), a gas barrier layer (for example, aluminum deposited layer or aluminum foil), a support layer (for example, nylon film), and a heat-sealing layer (for example, polyethylene film) are used. Is used.
As the gas barrier layer, aluminum or stainless steel is preferable, and aluminum is more preferable, from the viewpoint of excellent gas barrier properties, ease of forming the metal foil and ease of vapor deposition on the support layer. Aluminum foil is preferred in terms of durability. As the support layer, the same resin film as the protective layer can be used. As the heat welding layer, a low melting point thermoplastic resin film may be used. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include low-density polyethylene, chain low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, undrawn polyethylene terephthalate, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, and ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer). No.

The melting point of the heat welding layer is preferably 300 ° C or lower, more preferably 240 ° C or lower. The melting point is preferably 80 ° C or higher, more preferably 160 ° C or higher. Further, it is preferable that the thermoplastic resin has at least one kind of adhesive functional group because durability is improved and a decrease in vacuum degree can be further suppressed. Adhesive functional groups include carboxy group, acid anhydride group, carboxylic acid halide group, epoxy group, hydroxy group, amino group, thiol group, carbonate bond, amide bond, urethane bond, urea bond, ester bond, ether bond, etc. Is mentioned.
The first covering material 44 and the second covering material 45 are cut into a sheet or film of 500 mm × 500 mm.

The first outer cover material 44 and the second outer cover material 45 are overlapped so that the polyethylene layers face inward, and are heat-welded with a predetermined width on three sides of the peripheral portion. As a result, the first outer cover material 44 and the second outer cover material 45 form the bag-shaped outer cover material 41 having a three-way seal. The width of the heat welding is preferably 5 to 20 mm. Within this range, a decrease in the degree of vacuum can be suppressed during long-term use.
The core material 42 is housed inside the outer cover material 41, and in this state, the outer cover material 41 and the core material 42 are set in a vacuum chamber having a heat welding function. The inside of the jacket material 41 is decompressed, and the remaining one side of the opened bag is heat-sealed and sealed. That is, the core material 42 is sealed inside the outer cover material 41. Thus, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is formed by the outer cover material 41 and the core material 42.

The bag-shaped outer cover material 41 has a covering portion 47 and a flange portion 48. The covering portion 47 includes a first covering portion 44a that covers one side of the core member 42 of the first covering member 44, and a second covering portion 45a that covers the other side of the core member 42 of the second covering member 45 ( FIG. 5). The mounting surface 30a is formed by a flat portion of the second covering portion 45a. The entire core 42 is covered with the covering portion 47.
The flange portion 48 includes a first flange 44b extending outward from a peripheral edge of the first covering portion 44a in the surface direction of the core member 42 of the first covering material 44, and a second covering portion 45a of the second covering material 45. And a second flange 45b extending outward from the periphery of the core member 42 in the surface direction.

The first flange 44b and the second flange 45b are heat-welded in an overlapping state to form the flange portion 48. The inside of the covering portion 47 is kept in a sealed state by the flange portion 48. The flange portion 48 is formed in a rectangular frame shape around the covering portion 47. The flange portion 48 extends outward from the peripheral edge 47 a of the covering portion 47 in the surface direction of the core member 42.
The flange portion 48 has a pair of first flange portions 48a and a pair of second flange portions 48b. The pair of first flange portions 48 a are arranged on one both sides of the covering portion 47. The pair of second flange portions 48b are arranged on both sides of the other side of the covering portion 47. The length 48L in the surface direction from the covering portion 47 of the flange portion 48 to the first flange portion 48a and the second flange portion 48b is not particularly limited as long as the vacuum degree is not reduced, and is preferably 30 mm to 50 mm. .

  A pair of first flange portions 48a are folded from the peripheral edge 47a of the covering portion 47 to the first covering portion 44a of the first covering material 44 as shown by an arrow A. The first covering portion 44a is a surface opposite to the mounting surface 30a. The central portions of the pair of folded first flange portions 48a are bonded to the first covering portion 44a with an adhesive or an adhesive tape, and both end portions of each first flange portion 48a are bonded to the pair of second flange portions 48b. Adhered with an adhesive or adhesive tape.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, after the pair of first flange portions 48a are bonded, both ends of the pair of second flange portions 48b and each of the first flange portions 48a are connected to the peripheral edge 47a of the covering portion 47 (see FIG. 3) to the first covering portion 44a as indicated by the arrow B. The central portions of the folded pair of second flange portions 48b are bonded to the second covering portion 45a with an adhesive or an adhesive tape. Further, both ends of the folded second flange portion 48b are adhered to the central portion of the first flange portion 48a with an adhesive or an adhesive tape.

  That is, the flange portion 48 is bonded to the first covering portion 44a on the opposite side of the mounting surface 30a with an adhesive or an adhesive tape in a state where the first covering portion 44a is folded. Therefore, the mounting surface 30 a is formed flat along the surface of the core member 42. By using the flat mounting surface 30a as the bonding surface, the bonding of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is enhanced. Thus, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is firmly attached to the outer wall 35 with the adhesive or the adhesive tape 38.

  Returning to FIG. 1, for example, soda lime glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, non-alkali glass, or the like is applied to the first heat insulating glass 25 as the glass of the substrate. Specifically, a 3.5 mm-thick glass plate (UVFL (trade name): manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) is used as the glass of the substrate. In the first heat insulating glass 25, an ITO (indium tin oxide) layer (that is, a transparent conductive layer) is formed on the glass surface of the substrate by a sputtering method. The ITO layer is a film mainly containing an oxide of indium and tin. The target thickness of the ITO layer is 150 nm. The ITO layer may be formed by forming an amorphous ITO film at the time of film formation and crystallizing this layer. The heat treatment temperature for crystallization is, for example, in the range of 80 ° C. to 170 ° C. With this method, a low-resistance ITO layer can be obtained.

On the ITO layer, a silica layer is formed as an upper layer by a sputtering method. The target thickness of the silica layer is 80 nm. The crystallization heat treatment of the ITO layer may be performed after forming the upper layer.
The first heat-insulating glass 25 has a low-emission film 25a formed of an ITO layer and an upper layer. The low-emissivity film 25a preferably has a heat emissivity of 0.1 to 0.3. By setting the emissivity of heat to 0.1 to 0.3, it is possible to prevent the room temperature from excessively increasing and decreasing.
The content ratio of tin oxide in ITO is in the range of 5% by mass to 12.5% by mass, and preferably in the range of 6.5% by mass to 11% by mass. When the content ratio of tin oxide is 12.5% by mass or less, the resistance tends to decrease as the amount of tin oxide increases, and a low emissivity is obtained.

  The first heat-insulating glass 25 on which the low-emissivity film 25a is formed has a heat emissivity of 0.17. The measurement of the emissivity of the first heat insulating glass 25 was performed by an emissivity measuring device (TSS-5X: manufactured by Japan Sensor Co., Ltd.).

Further, the heat transmittance of the first heat insulating glass 25 is 3.9 [W / m ² K].
Here, when the heat transmission rate when the ITO layer and the silica layer are not formed on the first heat insulating glass 25 is 5.8 [W / m ² K], the first layer on which the ITO layer and the silica layer are formed is formed. It is known as an empirical value that the heat-insulating glass 25 has a heat transmission rate of about 2/3. Thereby, the first heat-insulating glass 25 on which the ITO layer or the silica layer is formed has a heat transmittance of 3.9 [W / m ² K].
Similarly to the first heat insulating glass 25, the second heat insulating glass 26 has an ITO layer and a low radiation film 26a formed as an upper layer.

Next, the heat transmittance and the room temperature of the heat insulating structure 10 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the heat insulating structure 10 includes a first wall 21, a second wall 22 and a top 23, a first heat insulating glass 25 and a second heat insulating glass 26.
The heat insulating structure 10 has a height H1 of 2.5 m, a length L1 in the front-rear direction of 4.0 m, and a length L2 in the left-right direction of 4.0 m.
As a measurement condition, indoor temperature during heating use was measured assuming nighttime in winter (external temperature 0 ° C.) without solar radiation. The indoor heating capacity is usually 3 KW.

  In Tables 1 and 2, the first wall, the second wall, and the top on which the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is not installed are referred to as a first wall 21A, a second wall 22A, and a top 23A for convenience. The first glass on which the low emission film 25a is not formed is referred to as a first glass 25A for convenience. The second glass on which the low-emissivity film 26a is not formed is referred to as a second glass 26A for convenience.

  First, the heat transmittance of the heat insulating structure of the first embodiment will be described based on Table 1 while comparing it with the first to third comparative examples. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the heat transmittance of the first embodiment and the first to third comparative examples.

As shown in Table 1, the heat insulating structure of the first comparative example includes a first wall 21A, a second wall 22A, a top 23A, a first glass 25A, and a second glass 26A. The heat insulating structure of the second comparative example includes a first wall 21, a second wall 22, a top 23, a first glass 25A, and a second glass 26A.
The heat insulating structure of the third comparative example includes a first wall 21A, a second wall 22A, a top 23A, a first heat insulating glass 25, and a second heat insulating glass 26. The heat insulating structure 10 according to the first embodiment includes a first wall portion 21, a second wall portion 22, a top portion 23, a first heat insulating glass 25, and a second heat insulating glass 26.

According to the heat insulating structure of the first comparative example, the heat transmittance of the first wall 21A, the second wall 22A, and the top 23A is as large as 1.5 [W / m ² K]. Further, the heat transmittance of the first glass 25A and the second glass 26A is increased to 5.8 [W / m ² K].
According to the heat insulating structure of the second comparative example, the heat transmittance of the first wall 21, the second wall 22, and the top 23 is suppressed to 0.38 [W / m ² K]. On the other hand, the heat transmittance of the first glass 25A and the second glass 26A increases to 5.8 [W / m ² K].

According to the heat insulating structure of the third comparative example, the heat transmittance of the first wall 21A, the second wall 22A, and the top 23A is as large as 1.5 [W / m ² K]. On the other hand, the heat transmittance of the first heat-insulating glass 25 and the second heat-insulating glass 26 is suppressed to 3.9 [W / m ² K].
According to the heat insulating structure 10 of the first embodiment, the heat transmittance of the first wall 21, the second wall 22, and the top 23 is suppressed to 0.38 [W / m ² K]. Further, the heat transmittance of the first heat insulating glass 25 and the second heat insulating glass 26 is suppressed to 3.9 [W / m ² K].

  Next, the indoor temperature of the heat insulating structure of the first embodiment will be described based on Table 2 while comparing with the first to third comparative examples. Table 2 shows the measurement results of the room temperature of the first embodiment and the first to third comparative examples.

As shown in Table 2, according to the heat-insulating structure of the first comparative example, the room temperature drops to 17.3 ° C. in winter nighttime (outside air temperature 0 ° C.) without solar radiation. For this reason, dew condensation may occur on the first wall 21A, the second wall 22A, and the top 23A.
On the other hand, according to the heat insulating structure of the first comparative example, it is conceivable that the room temperature would rise excessively during the daytime in summer with sunlight.
From the viewpoint of dew condensation in winter and excessive rise in indoor temperature in summer, there is a possibility that the flange portion 48 of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 (the portion where the first outer cover material 44 and the second outer cover material 45 are thermally welded) is deteriorated. is there.

According to the heat insulating structure of the second comparative example, the room temperature falls to 20.0 ° C. during the winter night (outside air temperature 0 ° C.) without solar radiation. For this reason, dew condensation may occur on the first wall portion 21, the second wall portion 22, and the top portion 23.
On the other hand, according to the heat-insulating structure of the second comparative example, it is conceivable that the room temperature would rise excessively during the daytime in summer with sunlight.
From the viewpoint of dew condensation in winter and excessive rise in indoor temperature in summer, there is a possibility that the flange portion 48 of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 (the portion where the first outer cover material 44 and the second outer cover material 45 are thermally welded) is deteriorated. is there.

According to the heat insulating structure of the third comparative example, the room temperature drops to 19.8 ° C. during the winter night (outside temperature 0 ° C.) without solar radiation. For this reason, dew condensation may occur on the first wall 21A, the second wall 22A, and the top 23A.
On the other hand, according to the heat insulating structure of the third comparative example, it is conceivable that the room temperature would rise excessively in the daytime in summer with sunlight.
From the viewpoint of dew condensation in winter and excessive rise in indoor temperature in summer, there is a possibility that the flange portion 48 of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 (the portion where the first outer cover material 44 and the second outer cover material 45 are thermally welded) is deteriorated. is there.

According to the heat insulating structure 10 of the first embodiment, the room temperature is maintained at 23.5 ° C. during the winter night (outside temperature 0 ° C.) without solar radiation. Therefore, the temperature can be prevented from dropping too much. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of dew condensation on the first wall portion 21, the second wall portion 22, and the top portion 23.
On the other hand, according to the heat-insulating structure 10 of the first embodiment, it is possible to suppress an excessive rise in the room temperature during the daytime in summer with sunlight.

By suppressing the excessive fall of the indoor temperature in winter to suppress dew condensation and the excessive increase of the temperature in the car in summer, the flange portion 48 (the first outer cover material 44 and the second outer cover material) of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is formed. 45 can be prevented from deteriorating.
Further, the deterioration of the adhesive or the adhesive tape for bonding the flange portion 48 of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 to the first covering portion 44a or the like can be suppressed. In addition, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the adhesive or the adhesive tape 38 that attaches the mounting surface 30a (see FIG. 2) of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 to the outer wall 35.
Thus, the durability of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 can be improved by suppressing the deterioration of the heat-welded portion, the adhesive or the adhesive tape.

  Further, the thickness of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is reduced to, for example, 10 mm as compared with a normal heat insulating material. Therefore, by installing the vacuum heat insulating material 30 inside the first wall portion 21, the second wall portion 22, and the top portion 23, the thickness dimension of the first wall portion 21, the second wall portion 22, and the top portion 23 is suppressed to be small. be able to. Thereby, the room 33 of the heat insulating structure 10 can be made a large space.

  Further, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 has a flat mounting surface 30a (see FIG. 2). By bonding the flat mounting surface 30a to the outer wall 35 with an adhesive or an adhesive tape 38, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 can be firmly mounted on the outer wall 35.

[Second embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment in which the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is applied to a vehicle will be described with reference to FIG.
6, the front of the vehicle is indicated by FR, the rear of the vehicle is indicated by RR, the right side of the vehicle is indicated by RH, and the left side of the vehicle is indicated by LH as viewed from the occupant of the vehicle.
Since the heat insulating structure 60 is composed of substantially left-right symmetric members, the left and right members will be denoted by the same reference numerals for easy understanding.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the heat insulating structure 60 is a vehicle (specifically, an automobile) including a housing 62 and a window 64. The configurations of the housing 62 and the window 64 of the heat insulating structure 60 are not limited to the configurations described in the second embodiment. The number of side doors can be arbitrarily changed.

  The housing 62 includes a vehicle body 65 and a side door 66. The vehicle body 65 includes a roof 73, a right rear fender 74, a left rear fender 74 (not shown), a rear lid 75, a floor portion, and the like. The side door section 66 includes a right front side door 71, a left front side door 71 (not shown), a right rear side door 72, and a left rear side door 72 (not shown).

A plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials 30 are installed inside the right front side door 71, the left front side door 71, the right rear side door 72, the left rear side door 72, the roof 73, the right rear fender 74, the left rear fender 74, and the rear lid 75. Have been.
The vacuum heat insulating material 30 conforms to the shapes of the right front side door 71, the left front side door 71, the right rear side door 72, the left rear side door 72, the roof 73, the right rear fender 74, the left rear fender 74, and the rear lid 75. It is possible to bend.

  The housing 62 has a hollow portion formed inside by the exterior member and the interior member. A plurality of vacuum heat insulators 30 (see FIG. 2) are arranged in the entire area inside the housing 62 without any gap. The mounting surface 30a of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is mounted on one of the exterior member and the interior member with an adhesive or an adhesive tape 38 (see FIG. 2). As a result, the plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials 30 are installed in the entire area inside the housing 62 without leaving any space.

That is, the plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials 30 are attached to the entire area inside each of the right front side door 71 and the left front side door 71 without any gap. A plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials 30 are attached to the entire area inside each of the right rear side door 72 and the left rear side door 72 without any gap. A plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials 30 are attached to the entire area inside the roof 73 without any gap.
A plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials 30 are attached to the entire area inside each of the right rear fender 74 and the left rear fender 74 without leaving any space therebetween. A plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials 30 are attached to the entire area inside the rear lid 75 without leaving any space therebetween.

In the second embodiment, an example in which the vacuum heat insulating material 30 (see FIG. 2) is attached to the roof 73, the right rear fender 74, the left rear fender 74 (not shown), and the rear lid 75 in the vehicle body 65 will be described. However, the place where the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is installed is not limited to this.
Further, in the side door section 66, an example in which the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is attached to the right front side door 71, the left front side door 71 (not shown), the right rear side door 72, and the left rear side door 72 (not shown). However, the place where the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is installed is not limited to this.
In the vehicle body 65 and the side door portion 66, the portion where the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is installed can be appropriately changed in consideration of the heat insulating effect of the vehicle interior.

The window 64 includes a front window glass 81, a rear window glass 82, a right front side door window glass 83, a left front side door window glass 83 (not shown), a right rear side door window glass 84, and a left rear side door window glass 84. (Not shown).
In the front window glass 81, an ITO layer is formed on the outer surface (surface outside the vehicle) of a glass plate (UVFL: manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), like the first insulating glass 25 of the first embodiment. A silica layer is deposited as an upper layer. Thereby, the front window glass 81 has a low radiation film formed of the ITO layer and the upper layer. It is preferable that the low emissivity film has an emissivity of 0.1 to 0.3, similarly to the low emissivity film 25a of the first embodiment. By setting the emissivity to 0.1 to 0.3, it is possible to suppress the vehicle compartment temperature from excessively increasing and decreasing.
The low-emission film can be formed on the inner surface of the front window glass 81 (surface on the indoor side).

  The rear window glass 82, the right front side window glass 83, the left front side window glass 83 (not shown), the right rear side window glass 84, and the left rear side window glass 84 (not shown) also have a front window. A low-emission film is formed as in the case of the glass 81.

In the second embodiment, it is preferable that the vacuum heat insulating material 30 and the glass of the window portion 64 are installed close to each other. Proximity means that the vacuum heat insulating material 30 and the glass of the window 64 are arranged at an interval of 20 cm or less in plan view. Explaining in detail with reference to FIG. 6, the proximity is, for example, a straight line between the lower end portion of the right rear side door window glass 84 and the upper end portion of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 provided at the uppermost portion of the right rear side door 72. Distance refers to a distance measured on a plane perpendicular to the ground of 20 cm or less. The vacuum heat insulating material 30 and the heat insulating glass are preferably installed at a distance of −5 cm or more and 20 cm or less, more preferably at a distance of 0 cm or more and 10 cm or less. In the case where the distance is −5 cm or more and less than 0 cm, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 and the glass of the window 64 overlap in a plan view.
By providing the vacuum heat insulating material 30 and the glass of the window 64 in close proximity, a sufficient heat insulating effect between the glass of the window 64 and the vacuum heat insulating material 30 can be obtained.

According to the heat insulating structure 60 of the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the vehicle interior temperature is maintained at a relatively high temperature during the nighttime in winter, and the temperature can be prevented from dropping too much. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation on the housing 62 and the window 64.
On the other hand, according to the heat insulating structure 60 of the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, it is possible to suppress the vehicle compartment temperature from excessively rising during the daytime in summer with sunlight.

As in the first embodiment, the flange portion 48 of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 (see FIG. 4) by suppressing the excessive decrease in the vehicle interior temperature in winter to suppress dew condensation and the excessive increase in the vehicle interior temperature in summer. Deterioration of (the part where the first outer cover material 44 and the second outer cover material 45 are thermally welded) can be suppressed.
Further, the deterioration of the adhesive for bonding the flange portion 48 of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 to the first covering portion 44a (see FIG. 4) can be suppressed. In addition, the deterioration of the adhesive or the adhesive tape 38 (see FIG. 2) for attaching the mounting surface 30a (see FIG. 2) of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 to the exterior member of the outer wall 35 can be suppressed.
Thus, the durability of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 can be improved by suppressing the deterioration of the heat-welded portion, the adhesive or the adhesive tape.

Further, the thickness of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is reduced to, for example, 10 mm as compared with a normal heat insulating material. Therefore, by attaching the vacuum heat insulating material 30 inside the housing 62, the thickness of the housing 62 can be reduced. Thereby, the cabin of the heat insulating structure 60 can be made a large space.
In particular, since the cabin of a vehicle (automobile) has a smaller space than that of a house, the use of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 has a great effect of increasing the space of the cabin.

Further, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 has a flat mounting surface 30a (see FIG. 2). By bonding the flat mounting surface 30a to one of the exterior member and the interior member with an adhesive or an adhesive tape 38, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 can be firmly attached to the housing 62.
In addition, since the vacuum heat insulating material 30 can be bent along the shape of the mounting member such as the right front side door 71 and the left front side door 71, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 can be satisfactorily mounted along the mounting member.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes can be made within the scope of the present invention.
For example, in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the example in which the plurality of vacuum heat insulating materials 30 are installed over the entire area of the housings 12 and 62 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. It is also possible to install one vacuum heat insulating material 30 in the whole area.

  Further, in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, a description has been given of an example of a house or an automobile having two glass windows, but the present invention is not limited to this. As another example, the present invention can be applied to a heat-insulating structure for marine objects such as buildings such as offices, warehouses, and buildings, vehicles such as buses, trucks, and trains, boats, and ships.

  The entire contents of the specification, claims, drawings, and abstract of Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-083714 filed on April 20, 2017 are cited here as the disclosure of the specification of the present invention. , Is to take in.

  10, 60: heat-insulating structure, 12, 62: housing, 14, 64: window, 25: first heat-insulating glass, 26: second heat-insulating glass, 25a, 26a: low-radiation film, 30: vacuum heat-insulating material, 41: jacket material, 42: core material, 47: covering portion, 48: flange portion, 64: window portion, 83: front side window glass (insulated glass), 84: rear side door window glass (insulated glass)

Claims (11)

A heat insulating structure including a housing and a window,
A vacuum heat insulating material having a core material sealed under reduced pressure in a bag-shaped jacket material is attached to the housing,
A heat insulating structure, wherein a heat insulating glass having a low radiation film is attached to the window.   2. The housing according to claim 1, wherein the housing is formed of an exterior member and an interior member having a hollow portion formed therein, and a vacuum heat insulating material disposed in the hollow portion is attached to the exterior member and / or the interior member. 3. A heat insulating structure according to any one of the preceding claims.   The heat insulating structure according to claim 2, wherein the vacuum heat insulating material is attached to the exterior member and / or the interior member with an adhesive or an adhesive tape.   The covering material of the vacuum heat insulating material includes a coating portion that covers the core material, and a flange portion that extends outward from a peripheral edge of the coating portion in a plane direction of the core material and maintains the inside of the coating portion in a sealed state. The heat insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flange portion is bent to a side opposite to a surface on which the vacuum heat insulating material is mounted.   The heat insulating structure according to claim 4, wherein the flange portion is bonded with an adhesive or an adhesive tape to a surface opposite to a surface to which the vacuum heat insulating material is attached in the folded state.   The heat insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the core material of the vacuum heat insulating material is a press-formed product of a mixture of fumed silica, graphite, and glass fiber.   The heat insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the low emissivity film of the heat insulating glass has an emissivity of 0.3 or less.   The heat insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the low-emissivity film is a layer containing ITO.   The heat insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the vacuum heat insulating material and the heat insulating glass having the low emissivity film are installed close to each other at an interval of 20 cm or less.   The heat insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the heat insulating structure includes an automobile, a train, and a boat.   The heat insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the heat insulating structure is a house, a warehouse, an office, or a building.

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