JP3224080B2 - Vibration detector and electromagnetic switch with vibration detector - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vibration detector for detecting that a vibration detection value set in consideration of the destruction strength of a building at the time of an earthquake has been reached, and to a switch with a vibration detector. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an example of a conventional switch for interrupting power supply to a load when an earthquake occurs, for example, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 58-352 (1983).
FIGS. 14, 15, and 16 shown in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 60 are disclosed. FIG. 14 is an example shown in the conventional example of Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 58-35260, in which a connection means provided with a switch means for opening a specific branch circuit of a plurality of branch circuits in the event of an earthquake, and FIG. FIG. 16 is a wiring diagram of a switch with a vibration detector, and FIG. 16 shows a configuration of a vibration detector for detecting a seismic vibration used in FIG.

In FIG. 14, 1 is a power supply, 3 is a closing button switch that closes only when pressed, 4 is an electromagnetic switch having a trip coil 4a, a main open contact 4b, and a self-holding contact 4c, and 5 is a sense switch. It is a vibration switch that is normally closed, and is configured to open when vibration is detected. The power supply for operating the trip coil 4a of the electromagnetic switch 4 is connected to another control power supply.

In this circuit, when the closing button switch 3 is pressed, the trip coil 4a is excited to turn on the main open contact 4b, and the self-holding contact 4c is closed to be self-held. When an earthquake occurs while the circuit of the trip coil 4a is closed and the seismic switch 5 detects the seismic vibration, the circuit of the trip coil 4a is turned off and the main circuit is opened. Even if power is supplied from the open state, the main open circuit does not reclose unless the ON button switch 3 is pressed.

In FIG. 15, reference numeral 4a denotes a trip coil, 4a
Reference numeral b denotes a main circuit contact that opens and closes the main circuit, and is configured to open when the trip coil 4a is excited. 6 is a test switch for checking the operation of the leakage current, 7a is a neon lamp, 7b is a series resistance of the neon lamp,
During energization, the neon lamp 7a is lit. 8 is a current limiting resistor for limiting the current during the test, and 5 is a vibration detector.
Are used. Reference numeral 10 denotes a zero-phase current transformer, through which a main circuit conductor passes. 11 is a test winding, 12 is a secondary winding, 13 is an amplifying circuit for amplifying an electromotive force generated in the secondary coil due to an unbalanced current flowing through the zero-phase current transformer 10, 14 is a switching circuit, and 15 is a pulling circuit. It is formed in a normally open state by a disconnecting contact. Reference numeral 16 denotes an outlet, and 17 denotes a surge absorber. Although not explicitly shown in the circuit of FIG. 12, the amplifier 13 and the switching circuit 14 require a control power supply.

In the circuit shown in FIG. 15, a main circuit conductor passes through the zero-phase current transformer 10 and a leakage current detection circuit is provided between the main circuit conductor and the outlet 16. The operation of the leakage current is checked by a test switch. 6, an unbalanced current flows to the zero-phase current transformer 10 via the current limiting resistor 8, the tripping contact 15 is closed by the amplifier circuit 13 and the switching circuit 14, and the tripping coil 4 a is excited. The load circuit is opened. The detection contact of the vibration detector 5 is connected in parallel with the test switch 6. When a vibration is detected during an earthquake, an unbalanced current flows through the zero-phase current transformer 10 in the same manner as when the test switch 6 is pressed. An electromotive force is generated in the secondary coil 12 of the zero-phase current transformer 10, and the tripping contact 15 is closed by the amplifier circuit 13 and the switching circuit 14 to close the main circuit contact 4
It operates to open the circuit b and stop the power supply to the outlet 16. Before the circuit performs an open circuit operation, the receiving power distribution system is stopped, and if the power is restored after a certain period of time, the distribution system is in a state before the stop and is supplied again to the load circuit.

FIG. 16 shows the structure of the vibration detector 5, in which a vibrator 5a is supported by a column 5b.
A contact ring 5c having a hole larger than the diameter of the vibrator 5a is arranged at intervals around the vibrator 5a. 5
d is an outer box. According to this configuration, when an earthquake occurs, the vibrator 5a supported by the column 5b swings according to the seismic motion, and detects the seismic motion by coming into contact with the contact ring 5c arranged on the outer periphery. The terminal 5e is connected to a portion parallel to the test switch 6 in FIG. When the seismic motion detection signal is input to the circuit shown in FIG. 15, a stop operation is performed. As can be seen from the configuration of FIG. 16, the detection unit has a simple configuration in which the vibrator 5a is supported by the support 5b, responds to the horizontal component of the seismic motion, and has a single natural frequency. Since a seismic wave contains many components having different frequencies, it is necessary to select the natural frequency of the vibration detector in consideration of the frequency of the seismic wave in order to properly detect the seismic motion.

[0008]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Earthquakes are suddenly erupted, and once they are hit by an earthquake, a large earthquake like the Great Hanshin Earthquake on January 17, 1995, which is unprecedented in the past, In some cases, the damage is not only the collapse of the building due to the earthquake, but also the damage caused by the fire after the earthquake. Although the cause of the fire in the confused state cannot be specified, various states such as a state in which a flammable material rides on an electric heating device or the like connected to a load circuit and burns up due to leakage of electric wiring or the like can be considered. In the event of a major earthquake, in most cases the distribution system will be immediately shut down and shut down, but since the power system is configured to minimize power outages, the distribution system will be switched on again after the earthquake settles down, If there is no abnormality such as a short circuit in the load circuit, energization is continued. However, if flammable materials are laid on equipment connected to the electric circuit, or if there is an incomplete short circuit or ground fault, the electric circuit will continue to be energized without tripping. It is assumed that

In general, the electric wiring of a general consumer of electric power uses an earth leakage circuit breaker, a no-fuse circuit breaker corresponding to an overload, and the like. In the event of a major earthquake that could cause a house to collapse, flammable materials may be running while electric heating appliances are still connected, incomplete contact with electric wires, etc. If there is, there is a possibility that a fire will occur when re-input.

In order to cope with such a situation, a fire can be prevented by properly detecting the vibration corresponding to the magnitude of the vibration of the building at the time of the occurrence of the earthquake and cutting off the electric system. In addition, when the vibration of the earthquake is settled, if the surrounding state is checked before turning on the switch, the occurrence of a fire from the electric wiring portion after the earthquake can be prevented.

The vibration of a building at the time of an earthquake is a complex vibration due to many factors such as the magnitude of the earthquake, the ground, and the vibration characteristics of the target building, and the electric system at the time of the earthquake is supplied. It is important to disconnect the electric circuit before the building is destroyed, and the sensitivity of the seismic vibration to be detected is determined in consideration of the strength of the building, the electric circuit is cut off, and the load circuit is cut off even if the power distribution system is reconnected. Is not supplied to
Fire accidents from electrical wiring can be prevented.

An earthquake quake usually has a large horizontal component and a small vertical sway, but when the epicenter is close, an active fault such as the Great Hanshin-Awajishima Earthquake on January 17, 1995 was used. In the case of an earthquake due to a displacement, the source of the vibration is a wide area extending over several tens of kilometers, and the range is the epicenter, so the vibration is large both in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the vertical component is larger in some places. Large locations have also been reported. Assuming the situation at the time of such an earthquake,
For the detection of seismic motion, it is necessary to combine and detect both horizontal motion and vertical motion, and to properly open and close the electric wiring according to the detected value.

However, in the configuration of FIG. 11 of the above-mentioned conventional example, it is not clear at what level of seismic vibration the seismic switch operates, and the trip coil circuit is connected to another power supply. Also, in the configuration of FIG. 16, the detection characteristic of the vibration detector is only the detection capability for the horizontal vibration, and it is difficult to perform proper detection when the vertical component is large as in the case of the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake. Further, FIG.
Also in this embodiment, it is not clear how the power supply of the amplifier circuit and the switching circuit that operate the open-circuit contact of the trip coil when an unbalanced current flows, but a separate power supply is required. However, in an electric power system at the time of an earthquake, if the magnitude of the earthquake is large, all circuits are considered to be stopped, and a circuit controlled by another power supply cannot perform appropriate control. The power distribution system is stopped before the electric circuit is cut off, and there is no way to respond when power is supplied again after a while.

Therefore, the configuration of FIG. 14 does not disclose seismic switch characteristics such as earthquake frequency and amplitude that are unique to the earthquake, and it is not clear what level of seismic vibration is to be detected. In addition, it is assumed that what is called a malfunction that operates by catching vibrations not caused by an earthquake,
Further, the fact that the power of the trip coil of the electromagnetic switch is supplied from another system prevents proper control of the electric circuit when the entire distribution system is stopped at the moment when the earthquake occurs.

Further, in the configuration of FIG. 15, it is not clear at what level of vibration level the detection sensitivity of the vibration detector for detecting an earthquake is detected. Is to detect by the amplitude when the spherical vibrator supported by the column vibrates, this configuration has one natural frequency, is a structure that responds to horizontal vibration, horizontal, It is not a structure that can properly detect an earthquake containing many frequency components in the vertical three-dimensional direction. In addition, a control power supply is required separately, and also in this respect, there is a problem that proper control as an electric system cannot be performed during an earthquake.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and does not require a separate control power supply, and can select a detection sensitivity in accordance with a vibration response of an object building during an earthquake. It is an object of the present invention to provide a switch and a switch using the vibration detector.

[0017]

A vibration detector according to a first aspect of the present invention supports a vibrator made of a metal material in a spherical shape by an elastic supporting member so as to be displaced in accordance with an exciting force and a direction thereof. An outer shell is arranged so as to surround the center of the vibrator, and a predetermined distance is maintained between the surface of the vibrator and the inner wall of the outer shell. When moving relative to the outer shell by a predetermined distance, the vibrator and the outer shell are electrically contacted to detect vibration.

A vibration detector according to a second aspect of the present invention comprises:
The natural frequency of the vibration system of the vibrator supported by the elastic support member on the support frame is 1 Hz or less.

A vibration detector according to a third aspect of the present invention comprises:
A plurality of contacts are disposed on the outer shell surrounding the vibrator supported by the elastic support member, with the tips disposed facing the vibrator surface, and are supported on the outer shell. In at least two directions, the distance between the tip of each contact and the contact is arranged at a predetermined distance, and the distance between the tip of each contact and the surface of the vibrator is supported in an adjustable manner. When the supported vibrator moves relative to the outer shell by a predetermined distance, the vibrator and the outer shell are electrically contacted to detect vibration.

A vibration detector according to a fourth aspect of the present invention comprises:
The vibrator is supported by tension springs from two directions above and below the support frame, and when the vibrator arranged at the center of the outer shell moves a predetermined distance relative to the outer shell, the vibrator and the outer shell move. It is configured to detect vibration by electrical contact.

A vibration detector according to a fifth aspect of the present invention comprises:
The vibrator according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is supported by an elastic support member formed of a coil spring having one end fixed to a support frame.

A vibration detector according to a sixth aspect of the present invention comprises:
The outer shell according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is formed of a cubic box.

A vibration detector according to a seventh aspect of the present invention comprises:
A vibrator made of a metal material in a spherical shape is attached via a support rod to the center of a leaf spring with both ends fixed to a support frame, and an outer shell surrounding the vibrator is arranged. It is designed to move a predetermined distance and make electrical contact to detect vibration.

[0024] The vibration detector according to claim 8 of the present invention comprises:
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a vibration absorbing rubber is attached to a lower surface of the leaf spring.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vibration detector comprising:
The natural frequency of the vibrator supported by the leaf spring via the support rod is 1 Hz or less.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the vibration detector according to the first to ninth aspects, a portion through which the elastic supporting member of the outer shell penetrates has a sealed structure, and a viscous material such as insulating oil is provided inside the outer shell. It is a member filled.

An electromagnetic switch with a vibration detector according to claim 11 of the present invention comprises: a main circuit contact for opening and closing an electric circuit; a vibration trip coil for opening and closing the contact when excited;
A vibration trip circuit formed by connecting a vibration trip contact formed in series with a vibration trip coil, a trip coil that opens and closes the vibration trip contact, and a detection circuit of a vibration detector that closes a circuit when a seismic vibration is detected. And the vibration detector uses the vibration detector according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electromagnetic switch with a vibration detector according to the eleventh aspect, wherein when the electromagnetic switch with the vibration detector detects a seismic motion and cuts off a load circuit, the vibration is detected. A vibration operation indicator light for displaying is provided.

[0029]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Embodiment 1 FIG. Seismic vibrations include horizontal vibrations and vertical vibrations. Generally, the acceleration of horizontal vibrations is large. Buildings are designed mainly with the horizontal acceleration as a reference and the vertical acceleration as a guideline. The seismic frequency varies greatly depending on the distance from the epicenter, ground conditions, etc., but there are many high-frequency components in earthquakes near the epicenter, but many low-frequency components in the distant epicenter because the high-frequency components attenuate quickly. . The transmission of seismic waves varies depending on the distance from the epicenter and the condition of the ground. As an example of a representative seismic wave, FIG. 1 shows a Fourier spectrum of an El Centro seismic wave. FIG.
The amplitude is large in the range of 0.5 to 3 Hz as understood from FIG. Although there are various waveforms in the seismic wave, it was thought that there was no great difference in the frequency component from the waveform in FIG.
However, the occurrence of the Great Hanshin Earthquake on January 17, 1995 proved that there was no limit to the upper limit of large earthquakes. For the earthquake of the Awajishima Hanshin Earthquake, some data have been observed to be more than twice as large as the seismic design based on past large earthquake data in some areas.

When a huge earthquake having a seismic intensity of 7 such as the Great Hanshin Earthquake of Awajishima occurs, it seems that there are many buildings that cannot be endured. It is important to minimize damage during such a massive earthquake. In view of such circumstances, the present invention has been made, assuming a vibration level that the building can withstand, shutting off the electric system before the building is destroyed, and minimizing the occurrence of fire from the electric system. To provide a vibration detector and an electromagnetic switch with the vibration detector.

As shown in the Fourier spectrum of the El Centro seismic wave in FIG. 1 as a typical example, the frequency of the earthquake has a main frequency component in the range of 0.5 to 3 Hz.
Most seismic waves can be considered to be in this range, although there are differences depending on the distance from the epicenter and the ground conditions. It has been proved from the situation of the Awajishima Hanshin Earthquake that the closer the epicenter is, the greater the vertical component of the seismic wave becomes. In order to cope with a huge earthquake in which the epicenter at which the building collapses is just below the closest distance, a vibration detector that can detect the horizontal component and the vertical component is superimposed is used, and the detected value is destroyed in the building Damage can be minimized by setting in consideration of the amplitude value and performing an electric system shutoff operation, a gas piping system valve closing operation, and the like based on the earthquake detection signal of the vibration detector.

FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the ratio between the natural frequency of the vibrating body having one natural frequency and the excitation frequency and the magnification of the response amplitude.
There is data shown in In FIG. 2, ω0 is the excitation frequency, ω is the natural frequency of the object to be excited, λ is the ratio between the natural frequency ω of the object to be excited and the excitation frequency ω0, and ζ is the attenuation constant.
In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis represents λ (= ω / ω0), and the vertical axis represents the amplitude ratio. When λ is close to 1, a resonance phenomenon occurs and the amplitude ratio λ becomes very large, but when λ = about 0.5, the amplitude magnification is 1 or less. This means that if the natural frequency of the vibrator of the vibration detector is set to 1 Hz or less, the building and the vibration detector vibrate almost integrally with the vibrator in the region of λ> 1 during the earthquake. Limits can be detected.

The vibration detector detects seismic motion, and it is necessary to prevent the detection of vibrations other than earthquakes. However, the vibrations other than earthquakes have a relatively high frequency and coincide with the frequency of seismic waves. There is little to do. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, most of the vibrations when passing through a train have a frequency of 5 Hz or more and the frequency coincident with the seismic wave is a very small value, so that the vibration detector does not malfunction. It can be considered that other artificially generated vibrations have little low frequency components.

As described above, since the seismic wave has a large low frequency component with respect to ordinary vibration, the natural frequency of the vibration detector is set to 1 Hz or less, and the ability to detect the vibration in which the horizontal component and the vertical component are superimposed is detected. If there is a vibration detector having the following equation, the seismic motion can be accurately detected.

Considering the peculiarity of the seismic wave described above, a vibration detector for detecting a vibration including a vertical motion in addition to a horizontal motion. Is shown in FIG. In the figure, 21 is a vibrator made of a metal material in a spherical shape, 22 is an upper support spring that suspends the vibrator 21, 23 is a lower support spring that supports the lower part of the vibrator 21, 24 surrounds the vibrator 21, An outer shell 25 made of a conductive material in which a vibrator and an inner wall are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other, and 25 is a spherical member,
2, and a support frame supported via the lower support spring 23;
Reference numeral 6 denotes a fixing member that fixes the outer shell 24 to the support frame 25, and 27 denotes an insulating member that electrically insulates the upper support spring 22, the lower support spring 23, and the support frame 25. Reference numeral 28 denotes a connection terminal connected to the vibrator, and 29 denotes a connection terminal connected to the support frame 25. Gold plating or the like is applied to the surface of the vibrator 21 and the inner surface of the outer shell 24 to ensure electrical contact.

The natural frequency of the vibrator 21 vertically supported by the upper supporting spring 22 and the lower supporting spring 23 on the supporting frame 25 is set to 1 Hz or less, so that the vibrator 21 operates following the displacement of the building during an earthquake. This is as described above. The vertical natural frequency Fnv of the vibrator 21 is (1)
It is obtained by the formula.

[0037]

(Equation 1)

The natural frequency Fnh in the horizontal direction is (2
Equation).

[0039]

(Equation 2)

The material of the vibrator 21 is iron, the material of the upper support spring 22 and the material of the lower support spring 23 are steel, and the diameter of the vibrator 21 is 29 mm, the linear shape of the spring is 6 mm, the number of turns is four, and the average diameter is four. 20 mm, length 1 of the spring when attached is 1
Assuming 0 mm, the weight of the vibrator is about 100 g, and the natural frequency is about 0.9 Hz in the vertical direction and about 0.4 Hz in the horizontal direction.
It is. The distance between the surface of the vibrator 21 and the inner surface of the outer shell 24 is set according to the amplitude to be detected at the installation location.

By mounting the vibration detector configured as described above on a wall, a beam, or the like of a building, it is possible to accurately detect a seismic motion even for a large direct earthquake including many vertical components. An object to be operated from the connection terminals 28 and 29 of the vibration detector, for example, a control to cut off an electric circuit by connecting to a trip circuit of a power circuit breaker of electric wiring or an operation of closing a main valve of a gas pipe. if,
Factors that cause disasters to spread before buildings are destroyed can be eliminated.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment. This second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment. The outer shell of the vibration detector shown in (1) is formed in a square shape so that the magnitude of vibration to be detected can be changed with respect to the displacement of the vibrator. In the figure, 21, 22, 23, 24,
27, 28, and 29 correspond to the first embodiment. 4 have the same or the same functions as those of FIG. 34 is an outer shell formed in a square shape, and 35a, 3
Reference numerals 5b, 35c, and 35d denote contact electrodes whose tips are opposed to the outer periphery of the vibrator 21 and are adjustably fixed to four lateral walls of the outer shell. Reference numerals 36a and 36b denote contact electrodes whose front ends are opposed to the upper and lower surfaces of the vibrator 21, and are fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the outer shell in an adjustable manner.

In this configuration, the vibrator 21 and its supporting portion are the same as those of the first embodiment. The outer shell 34 is formed in a square shape, and contacts 35a-35 which come into contact with the vibrator 21 to detect vibration.
Since d, 36a and 36b are provided so that the distance between the contact element and the vibrator can be adjusted, the sensitivity of vibration detection can be easily set to an arbitrary value in accordance with the strength of the building. In addition, workability improves by making outer shell square,
There is also an effect that it can be easily installed.

Embodiment 3 FIG. Third Embodiment Is a configuration in which the lower part of the vibrator is supported by one support spring. FIG. 6 shows the configuration. In the figure, reference numeral 41 denotes a vibrator formed of a metal material in a spherical shape and plated on the surface with good electrical contact, 43 denotes a support spring supporting the vibrator 41, and 44 surrounds the vibrator 41. An outer shell 45 supporting a predetermined distance between the inner wall and the surface of the vibrator 41, 45 a support frame,
Reference numeral 46 denotes a fixing member that electrically insulates the outer shell 44 and fixes the outer shell 44 to the support frame. 48 is a connection terminal connected to the vibrator 41 via the support frame, and 49 is a connection terminal connected to the outer shell.

Also in this configuration, if the natural frequency of the portion composed of the vibrator 41 and the support spring 43 is set to 1 Hz or less, the seismic motion can be detected following the displacement of the building. . The vertical natural frequency Fnv of the portion of the vibrator 41 can be obtained by (Equation 3).

[0046]

(Equation 3)

The horizontal natural frequency Fnh of the vibrator 41 can be obtained by (Equation 4).

[0048]

(Equation 4)

Now, the material of the vibrator 41 is iron, the material of the support spring 43 is steel, and the diameter of the vibrator 41 is 29 mm.
The spring linearity is 0.7 mm, the number of turns is 4 and the average diameter is 20
mm, the length l of the spring when attached is 10 mm, the weight of the vibrator is about 1 kg, and the natural frequency is about 0.8 in the vertical direction.
6 Hz and about 0.37 Hz in the horizontal direction. Vibrator 41
Is set according to the amplitude to be detected at the installation location.

The vibration detector configured as described above is used in the first embodiment. Similarly to the above, by attaching it to the building walls, beams, etc., it is possible to accurately detect seismic ground motion even for a huge earthquake directly below containing many vertical components, and the detection signal of the vibration detector is If the trip circuit of the power circuit breaker of the electric wiring is cut off and the main valve of the gas pipe is closed, the cause of the disaster spreading before the building is destroyed can be eliminated.

Embodiment 4 FIG. Embodiment 4 In the third embodiment. The outer shell is a square. FIG. 7 shows the configuration. In the figure, 54 is an outer shell formed in a rectangular box, 55 is a support frame, and 56 is a fixing member for insulating the outer shell 54 and fixing it to the support frame.

This configuration is similar to that of the third embodiment. Is the outer shell 54
Are different from each other, and the vibrator 41 and the support spring 43 are the same.
Is the same as By making the outer shell a rectangular box, this production and its attachment to the support frame 55 become easy, and the production cost is reduced. Embodiment 4 Also in the third embodiment. Similarly to the above, by attaching it to the building walls, beams, etc., it is possible to accurately detect seismic ground motion even for a huge earthquake directly below containing many vertical components, and the detection signal of the vibration detector is If the trip circuit of the power circuit breaker of the electric wiring is cut off and the main valve of the gas pipe is closed, the cause of the disaster spreading before the building is destroyed can be eliminated.

Embodiment 5 Embodiment 5 Is a configuration in which the vibrator is supported by a leaf spring. FIG. 8 shows the configuration. In the figure, reference numeral 61 denotes a vibrator, which is formed of a metal material in a spherical shape as in the other embodiments. 62
Is a supporting rod for supporting the vibrator, 63 is a leaf spring whose both ends are fixed to the supporting frame, and the vibrator is supported at the center portion via the supporting rod 62, and 64 surrounds the vibrator 61. An outer shell 65 maintaining a predetermined distance between the outer periphery and the inner surface thereof, 65 is a support frame, and 66 is a fixing member for insulating and fixing the outer shell 64 to the support frame.

In this configuration, the vibrator 61 is supported at the center of a leaf spring 63 whose both ends are supported by a support frame 65 via a support rod 62, and the relative relationship between the vibrator 61 and the outer shell 64 is as follows. Mode 3. Is the same as that shown in FIG.

In this configuration, the vibration of the vibrator 61 at the time of the earthquake is a bending vibration of the leaf spring 63 with respect to the vertical vibration and a torsional vibration of the leaf spring 63 with respect to the horizontal direction. The vertical natural frequency Fnv of this configuration is given by (Equation 5)
Is required.

[0056]

(Equation 5)

The horizontal natural frequency Fnh of the vibrator 61 is obtained by (Equation 6).

[0058]

(Equation 6)

The mass of the vibrator 61 including the support rod is 0.1 k
g, the thickness of the leaf spring 63 is 0.1 mm, the width is 15 mm, and the length is 80 mm, the natural frequency in the vertical direction is about 1H.
z, and the vertical natural frequency Fnh is 0.57 Hz.
Becomes

Also in this configuration, as in the above embodiments, if it is attached to the wall or beam of the building, the seismic motion can be accurately detected even in the case of a huge earthquake directly below, and the power supply of the electric wiring If the trip circuit of the circuit breaker is shut off and the main valve of the gas pipe is closed, the cause of the disaster before the building is destroyed can be eliminated. Further, this configuration has an effect that the vibration detector is downsized by using the leaf spring.

Embodiment 6 FIG. Embodiment 6 FIG. In the fifth embodiment. The vibration-absorbing rubber 73 is attached to the back surface of the leaf spring 63. FIG. 10 shows the configuration. Embodiment 5 describes the configuration of the vibration detector. Are the same as those shown in FIG.

In this configuration, since the vibration absorbing rubber is attached to the back surface of the leaf spring 63, the vibration absorbing rubber has an attenuating effect of absorbing energy when receiving vibration, so that disturbance vibration intruding from the outside is absorbed, and Malfunction due to other vibrations can be prevented.

Embodiment 7 FIG. The seventh embodiment is different from the first embodiment. 4 is filled with a liquid such as insulating oil inside an outer shell 24 surrounding the vibrator 21 shown in FIG. FIG. 9 shows the configuration. In this configuration, the penetrating portions of the support springs 22 and 23 of the outer shell 24 surrounding the vibrator 21 having the configuration of FIG. 4 are hermetically sealed with flexible seals 71 and 72 such as insulating films.
4 is filled with insulating oil.

In this configuration, the viscous resistance of the insulating oil acts on the vibration of the vibrator 21 to attenuate the vibration. In this case, the viscous resistance can be equivalently obtained by (Equation 7) as a cylindrical damper having the inner diameter of the outer shell 24 as the inner diameter of the cylinder and the outer diameter of the vibrator 21 as the inner diameter of the piston. .

[0065]

(Equation 7)

Assuming that the vibrator 21 is made of iron and has an outer diameter of 29 mm, the viscous resistance C is 0.255 to 2.0.
4 [N · S / m], and the attenuation ratio ζ can be obtained by (Equation 8).

[0067]

(Equation 8)

Embodiment 7 Then M = 0.1kg,
Since k = 0.0802 [N / mm], the attenuation ratio ζ is 1.42 to 11.4. In this case, since it is over-attenuated and does not generate a peak value at a specific frequency, it has a flat characteristic and responds in proportion to the amplitude of the seismic motion. . Embodiment 6 If the ground vibration can be detected more accurately and the trip circuit of the power circuit breaker of the electric wiring is cut off and the original valve of the gas pipe is closed, the cause of the disaster spreading before the building is destroyed will be more accurate. Can be eliminated.

Embodiment 8 FIG. Embodiment 8 FIG. In the second embodiment. 5 is filled with a liquid such as insulating oil inside an outer shell 24 surrounding the vibrator 21 of FIG. FIG. 11 shows the configuration. This configuration is similar to the configuration of FIG. 10 except that the support spring 2 of the outer shell 34 surrounding the vibrator 21 of the configuration of FIG.
The through-holes 2 and 23 are hermetically sealed with flexible seals 71 and 72 such as insulating films, and the inside of the outer shell 24 is filled with insulating oil.

In this configuration, the situation in which the viscous resistance of the insulating oil acts on the vibration of the vibrator 21 to attenuate the vibration is described in the seventh embodiment. The viscous resistance C can be obtained by (Equation 7), and the value is C = 0.550. In addition, the damping ratio ζ can be obtained by (Equation 8), and the amplitude ratio at λ = 1 in FIG. 2 is about 1.7, and does not respond excessively to a specific frequency of the seismic motion. Without being sensitive to vibrations other than the above, ground vibrations can be detected accurately, and the trip circuit of the power circuit breaker in the electrical wiring can be shut off, and the valve on the gas pipe can be closed to prevent damage to the building. It is possible to more accurately eliminate the factors that cause disasters to spread.

Embodiment 9 FIG. Embodiment 9 FIG. Is the first embodiment. -Eighth Embodiment The vibration detector shown in (1) is used for the power supply section of the electric wiring to eliminate the factors that cause the disaster to spread before the building is destroyed in the event of a huge earthquake that destroys the building due to the electric wiring circuit, and the distribution system after the earthquake Is an embodiment of an electric circuit in which the circuit is not charged even if the power is turned on again. FIG. 12 shows a circuit diagram thereof. 12, reference numeral 91 denotes a power supply, 92 denotes an electromagnetic switch of a load circuit, 93 denotes a load circuit, 94 denotes a vibration trip switch, a trip coil 94a, and a main circuit contact 94 for opening and closing the main circuit.
b. Reference numeral 95 denotes a closing switch that contacts only when pressed, and 98 denotes a vibration trip relay, which has a trip coil 98a and a vibration trip contact 98b. Reference numeral 99 denotes a vibration detector. Shock release coil 94
In a, a vibration trip contact 98b is inserted in series and connected to the load side of the main circuit contact 94b. Vibration detector 9
9 and the vibration trip coil 98a are connected in series and connected to the load side of the main circuit contact 94b.

The electric circuit connected in this way is laid in a building, and when a huge earthquake that destroys the building strikes, the first embodiment is used. -Eighth Embodiment The seismic detector shown in (1) accurately detects the seismic vibration exceeding the set value in consideration of the amplitude at which the building is destroyed, the trip coil 98b opens the seismic trip contact 98a, and the seismic trip coil 94.
The excitation of a is released and the main circuit contact 94b is opened. Even if the power supply 91 recovers after the main circuit is opened, the vibration trip coil 94a is connected to the load side of the main circuit contact 94b. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of fire from the later electric wiring.

Embodiment 10 FIG. Embodiment 10 FIG.
As shown in FIG. 13, a vibration indicator light 97a is provided in which a series resistor 97b is connected in series to a contact b of a main circuit contact 94b of an electromagnetic switch 94. When the vibration indicator light 97a is provided in this manner, when the power distribution system recovers after the load circuit is cut off by the seismic motion, it can be displayed that the power distribution system has recovered, and the situation inside the building can be confirmed. To recharge the load circuit.

[0074]

According to the vibration detector according to the first aspect of the present invention, a vibrator made of a metal material in a spherical shape is supported by an elastic supporting member so as to be displaced in accordance with an exciting force and its direction. The outer shell is placed so as to cover the transducer with the center as the center, and the surface of the transducer and the inner wall of the outer shell maintain a predetermined distance, and the transducer disposed at the center of the outer shell is positioned relative to the outer shell. When moving a predetermined distance, the vibrator and the outer shell are electrically connected to detect vibration, so the building wall,
Or, by attaching it to a beam, it is possible to accurately detect even a large earthquake directly below which contains many vertical components.
The building is destroyed by connecting the detection signal of the vibration detector to the trip circuit of the power circuit breaker of the electric wiring and performing control to cut off the electric circuit by the detection signal or control to close the original valve of the gas pipe. It can eliminate the factors that cause the disaster to spread before.

A vibration detector according to a second aspect of the present invention comprises:
Since the natural frequency of the vibration system of the vibrator supported by the elastic support member on the support frame of the configuration according to claim 1 is 1 Hz or less, it is possible to detect the seismic motion following the displacement of the building due to the earthquake. it can.

A vibration detector according to a third aspect of the present invention comprises:
A plurality of contacts are arranged on the outer shell surrounding the vibrator supported by the elastic support member so that the tips thereof are opposed to the vibrator surface, and are supported on the outer shell. In at least two directions, the distance between the tip of each contact and the contact is arranged at a predetermined distance, and the distance between the tip of each contact and the surface of the vibrator is supported in an adjustable manner,
When the vibrator supported by the elastic support member moves relative to the outer shell by a predetermined distance, the vibrator and the outer shell come into electrical contact to detect vibration. The detection value can be easily set to an arbitrary value corresponding to the strength of the building.

A vibration detector according to a fourth aspect of the present invention comprises:
The vibrator is supported by a tension spring from two directions above and below the support frame, and when the vibrator arranged at the center of the outer shell moves a predetermined distance relatively to the outer shell, the vibrator and the outer shell move. Since vibrations are detected by electrical contact, accurate detection is possible even for a large-scale direct earthquake with many vertical components with a simple structure, and this detection signal is used as a power circuit breaker for electrical wiring. By connecting to the trip circuit and performing control to cut off the electric circuit or control to close the original valve of the gas pipe, it is possible to eliminate a factor that causes a disaster to spread before the building is destroyed.

A vibration detector according to a fifth aspect of the present invention comprises:
Since the vibrator according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is supported by an elastic support member formed by one coil spring having one end fixed to a support frame, a large-scale direct earthquake having a simple structure and a large amount of vertical components is provided. Can be detected accurately by connecting this detection signal to the trip circuit of the power supply circuit breaker in the electrical wiring, and controlling to cut off the electric circuit or control to close the main valve of the gas pipe. , It can eliminate the factors that cause the disaster to spread before the building is destroyed.

A vibration detector according to a sixth aspect of the present invention comprises:
Since the outer shell is formed in a square shape, the outer shell is easy to manufacture and easy to assemble.

A vibration detector according to a seventh aspect of the present invention comprises:
The vibrator is attached via a support rod to the center of a leaf spring with both ends fixed to the support frame, and an outer shell surrounding the vibrator is arranged.When the outer shell and the vibrator move a predetermined distance due to an earthquake , So that the vibration is detected by electrical contact,
The structure of the vibration detector is simplified.

The vibration detector according to claim 8 of the present invention provides:
Since the vibration-absorbing rubber is attached to the lower surface of the plate spring according to the seventh aspect, the vibration having a high frequency other than the earthquake is absorbed by the damping action of the vibration-absorbing rubber, and malfunction due to the vibration other than the earthquake can be prevented.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vibration detector
Since the natural frequency of the vibrator supported by the leaf spring via the support rod is set to 1 Hz or less, it is possible to detect the seismic motion following the displacement of the building due to the earthquake.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the vibration detector of the first to ninth aspects, a portion through which the elastic supporting member of the outer shell penetrates has a closed structure, and an insulating oil is provided inside the outer shell. Since the viscous member such as is filled, the vibration damping at the time of the earthquake becomes large, and it does not respond sensitively to a specific frequency of the seismic motion, so that the seismic motion can be accurately detected without responding sensitively to the vibration other than the earthquake.

An electromagnetic switch with a vibration detector according to claim 11 of the present invention comprises: a main circuit contact for opening and closing an electric circuit; a vibration trip coil for opening and closing the contact by being excited;
A vibration trip circuit formed by connecting a vibration trip contact formed in series with a vibration trip coil, a trip coil that opens and closes the vibration trip contact, and a detection circuit of a vibration detector that closes a circuit when a seismic vibration is detected. Since the vibration detector according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is used as the vibration detector, the earthquake detector accurately detects the ground vibration exceeding a set value in consideration of the amplitude at which the building is destroyed. When the power is restored, the power circuit can be charged by checking the load circuit status and then pressing the ON switch to prevent the occurrence of fire from the electric circuit after an earthquake. be able to.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electromagnetic switch with a vibration detector according to the eleventh aspect, wherein when the electromagnetic switch with the vibration detector detects a seismic motion and shuts off a load circuit, the seismic motion is detected. Since the vibration indicator light is provided, it is displayed that the power supply has been restored when the electric circuit is charged, so that it is possible to respond appropriately when recharging.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a Fourier spectrum of an El Centro seismic wave showing an example of a frequency component of the seismic wave.

FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a ratio between a natural frequency of a vibrating body and an excitation frequency and a magnification of a response amplitude.

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing a Fourier spectrum of a microtremor observation wave and an observation wave at the time of passing a train as examples of vibration waves other than earthquake motion.

FIG. 4 is a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment in which the outer shell of the present invention is formed in a box shape. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of FIG.

FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment in which the vibrator is supported by one spring. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of FIG.

FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment. Embodiment 4 in which the outer shell is formed in a box shape. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of FIG.

FIG. 8 shows a fifth embodiment in which the vibrator is supported by a leaf spring. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of FIG.

FIG. Embodiment 6 in which the vibration absorbing rubber is attached to the back of the leaf spring of the sixth embodiment. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of FIG.

Embodiment 1 FIG. Embodiment 7 in which the viscous substance such as insulating oil is filled in the outer shell of Embodiment 7. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a second embodiment. Embodiment 8 in which a viscous substance such as insulating oil is filled in the outer shell of Embodiment 8. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a ninth embodiment in which an electric circuit is configured using the vibration detector of the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of an electric circuit obtained by adding a vibration operation indicator to FIG.

FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing an example of an electric circuit using a conventional seismic switch.

FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram showing an example of an electric circuit using a conventional vibration detector.

FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a vibration detector used in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 21 vibrator, 22 upper support spring, 23 lower support spring, 24 outer shell, 25 support frame, 26 fixing member, 27
Insulation member, 28 connection terminals, 29 connection terminals, 34
Outer shell, 35a, 35b, 35c, 35d contacts, 36
a, 36b contact, 41 vibrator, 43 support spring,
44 outer shell, 45 support frame, 46 fixing member, 48 connection terminal, 49 connection terminal, 54 outer shell, 55 support frame,
56 fixing member, 61 vibrator, 62 support rod, 63
Leaf spring, 64 outer shell, 65 support frame, 66 fixing member,
71 Flexible seal, 72 Flexible seal, 77
Insulating oil, 78 Vibration absorbing rubber, 81 Flexible seal, 82
Flexible seal, 91 Power supply, 92 Conventional load circuit switch, 93 Load, 94 Vibration trip switch, 94
a Vibration trip coil, 94b Main circuit contact, 95
ON switch, 97 vibration indicator light, 98 vibration trip relay, 98a trip coil, 98b vibration trip contact, 99 vibration detector.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ identification code FI H02H 5/00 H02H 5/00 G (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01H 1/00 G01V 1 / 00 G01V 1/18 H01H 83/02 H02H 5/00

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] 1. A vibrator in which a metal material is formed in a spherical shape, the vibrator is disposed at a center portion, an appropriate distance from the surface of the vibrator is maintained, and an outer shell supported by a support frame is an outer shell. An elastic support member electrically insulated and supporting the vibrator on a support frame so as to be displaced in accordance with the exciting force and the direction thereof; and a connection terminal electrically connected to each of the vibrator and the outer shell. Then, when the vibrator disposed at the center of the outer shell moves relative to the outer shell in a predetermined direction in any direction around the entire circumference, the vibrator and the outer shell come into electrical contact with each other. A vibration detector, characterized in that the vibration detector is arranged to perform a vibration. 2. The vibration detector according to claim 1, wherein a natural frequency of a vibration system of the vibrator supported by the support frame by the elastic support member is 1 Hz or less. 3. A plurality of contacts whose tips are supported by an outer shell facing the vibrator surface, and the plurality of contacts are arranged in at least four directions of a horizontal circumference of the vibrator and in at least two directions of up and down directions. The tip of each contact and the contact are arranged at a predetermined interval, and the gap between the tip of each contact and the surface of the vibrator is supported so as to be adjustable. The vibration detector according to claim 2. 4. The vibration detector according to claim 1, wherein the vibrator is supported in a tensile direction by a tension spring from two directions above and below the support frame. 5. The vibrator according to claim 1, wherein one end of the vibrator is attached to and supported by an end of an elastic support member formed of a coil spring fixed to the support frame. The vibration detector according to any one of the above. 6. The vibration detector according to claim 1, wherein the outer shell is formed of a cubic box. 7. A vibrator made of a metal material in a spherical shape, a leaf spring having both ends fixed to a support frame, a support rod having a lower end fixed to the center of the leaf spring and an upper end connected to the vibrator, Surrounding the transducer, the surface of the vibrator and the inner wall are held at an appropriate distance, the support frame includes an outer shell supported via an insulating member, and the outer shell and the support rod are insulated, When the vibrator arranged at the center of the outer shell moves relative to the outer shell in a predetermined direction in an arbitrary direction around the entire circumference, the vibrator and the outer shell come into electrical contact with each other. A vibration detector, which is arranged. 8. The vibration detector according to claim 7, wherein a vibration absorbing rubber is attached to a lower surface of the leaf spring. 9. The vibration detector according to claim 7, wherein the natural frequency of the vibrator supported by the leaf spring via the support rod is 1 Hz or less. 10. The shell according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the outer shell through which the elastic supporting member penetrates has a sealed structure, and the inner shell is filled with a viscous member such as insulating oil. The described vibration detector. 11. A main circuit contact for opening and closing an electric circuit, a vibration trip coil for opening and closing the contact by excitation, a vibration trip contact formed in series with the vibration trip coil, and a trip for opening and closing the vibration trip contact. 11. A vibration trip circuit in which a coil and a detection circuit of a vibration detector that closes a circuit when the vibration is detected have a vibration trip circuit connected in series, and the vibration detector of the vibration trip circuit is any one of claims 1 to 10. An electromagnetic switch with a vibration detector, characterized in that it is the vibration detector according to (1). 12. The electromagnetic switch with a vibration detector according to claim 11, further comprising a vibration operation indicator light connected to a contact b connected to a power supply when the main circuit contact is opened.