JP3222418B2 - Sealing plate for sealed battery and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Sealing plate for sealed battery and method of manufacturing the sameInfo
- Publication number
- JP3222418B2 JP3222418B2 JP09261398A JP9261398A JP3222418B2 JP 3222418 B2 JP3222418 B2 JP 3222418B2 JP 09261398 A JP09261398 A JP 09261398A JP 9261398 A JP9261398 A JP 9261398A JP 3222418 B2 JP3222418 B2 JP 3222418B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sealing plate
- groove
- plate
- metal plate
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、密閉型電池の封口
板及びその製造方法に関し、特に電池内の圧力が過大と
なったときに外部に連通する弁機能を有する封口板及び
該封口板の製造方法に係る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sealing plate for a sealed battery and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a sealing plate having a valve function for communicating with the outside when the pressure in the battery becomes excessive, and the sealing plate for the sealing plate. Related to a manufacturing method.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】密閉型電池内の圧力が過大となることを
防止するため、容器に装着する種々の安全弁装置が提案
されている。例えば実開平5−90809号には、電極
群を収納する外装缶の開口部を封口板で閉塞し、外装缶
の一部を薄くして、内圧で破損する薄肉破壊安全弁を設
けた電池の改良を目的として、外装缶を角型とし、封口
部以外の陵の一部を薄くした装置が提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art In order to prevent the pressure inside a sealed battery from becoming excessive, various safety valve devices mounted on a container have been proposed. For example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-90809 discloses an improvement in a battery provided with a thin-wall destruction safety valve that closes an opening of an outer can for accommodating an electrode group with a sealing plate, thins part of the outer can, and is damaged by internal pressure. For this purpose, there has been proposed a device in which the outer can is made square and a part of the ridge other than the sealing portion is thinned.
【0003】また、実開平5−59745号には、密閉
型電池の容器に貫通孔を設け、該貫通孔を金属箔で密閉
した安全弁装置を従来技術とし、金属箔の破壊圧を低圧
に設定することが困難な点に鑑み、電池容器の底壁に平
坦面を有する凹部を形成すると共に、凹部の底面に貫通
孔を設け、弱化部を設けたダイヤフラムを、凹部の平坦
面に貫通孔を閉塞して載置し且つその弱化部近傍におい
て、平坦面にスポット溶接すると共に、ダイヤフラムの
周縁部全周を平坦面に溶接した安全弁装置が提案されて
いる。In Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 5-59745, a safety valve device in which a through hole is provided in a sealed battery container and the through hole is sealed with a metal foil is used as a conventional technology, and the breaking pressure of the metal foil is set to a low pressure. In view of the difficulty in performing the above, a concave portion having a flat surface is formed in the bottom wall of the battery container, a through hole is provided in the bottom surface of the concave portion, the diaphragm provided with the weakened portion is provided with a through hole in the flat surface of the concave portion. There has been proposed a safety valve device that is closed and placed, and spot-welded to a flat surface in the vicinity of a weakened portion thereof, and the entire periphery of the diaphragm is welded to a flat surface.
【0004】更に、特開平6−333548号では、弁
体を備えた封口板を用いて電池ケースを密閉したもの、
及び電池ケース底面部等に薄肉部を設けたものを従来技
術に挙げ、底面部に溝状薄肉部を設けまたは底面部全体
を薄肉化した電池ケースを用い、弁孔を備えた蓋板と、
排気孔を備えたキャップ状端子板と、両者間に介在し蓋
板の弁孔を常時閉塞する弁体を含む防爆封口板により密
閉し、電池内に発生したガス圧による電池ケースの溝状
薄肉部または薄肉底面の破断圧力が、防爆封口板の弁体
の破断圧力よりも大きく、かつ電池封口部の耐圧より小
さくなるようにした防爆型電池が提案されている。Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-333548 discloses a battery case in which a battery case is sealed using a sealing plate provided with a valve body.
A battery plate in which a thin portion is provided in a battery case bottom portion or the like in the related art, a grooved thin portion is provided in the bottom portion or a battery case in which the entire bottom portion is thinned, and a lid plate having a valve hole,
Sealed by an explosion-proof sealing plate including a cap-shaped terminal plate with an exhaust hole and a valve element interposed between them and constantly closing the valve hole of the lid plate, and a groove-shaped thin wall of the battery case due to gas pressure generated in the battery There has been proposed an explosion-proof battery in which the rupture pressure of a portion or a thin bottom surface is larger than the rupture pressure of a valve body of an explosion-proof sealing plate and smaller than the pressure resistance of a battery sealing portion.
【0005】防爆封口板に関しては、特開平5−744
34号において、封口板の破損圧が安定することを目的
とし、封口板を構成した後、封口板の弁孔から、薄板の
弁体が破損する圧力以下の圧力で弁体を上方に膨らませ
るとともに、刃突起に当接させる工程を有した電池用防
爆封口板の製造法が提案されている。このような防爆封
口板について、特開平6−338305号には、安定し
た作動圧となるように可撓性の金属製防爆弁を金属製帯
状端子板に溶着する等、特殊な構造の防爆封口板が開示
されている。更に、金属製防爆弁の薄肉部の形成方法と
して、金属刻印等を打ちつけてC字状に断面角形あるい
は楔状のアンダーカットをつける方法、及び鋼球によっ
て適度の荷重を加えて局部的に半球状の薄肉部分を形成
する方法が開示されている。The explosion-proof sealing plate is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-744.
In No. 34, after constructing the sealing plate for the purpose of stabilizing the breaking pressure of the sealing plate, the valve body is inflated upward from the valve hole of the sealing plate with a pressure equal to or lower than the pressure at which the thin valve body is broken. In addition, there has been proposed a method of manufacturing an explosion-proof sealing plate for a battery having a step of contacting the blade projection. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-338305 discloses an explosion-proof sealing plate having a special structure, such as welding a flexible metal explosion-proof valve to a metal strip terminal plate so as to obtain a stable operating pressure. A board is disclosed. Furthermore, as a method of forming a thin-walled portion of a metal explosion-proof valve, a method of punching a metal stamp or the like to form a C-shaped undercut with a rectangular or wedge-shaped cross section, or applying a moderate load with a steel ball to locally form a hemisphere A method for forming a thin portion of the above is disclosed.
【0006】そして、特開平7−130346号には、
密閉型電池の非水電解液二次電池に関し、異常発生時に
電池内圧を開放する安全弁として、貫通孔を有する支持
部材と、該支持部材の貫通孔を塞いで張設される開裂膜
を備え、貫通孔の開口形状を、貫通孔の内方に向かって
突出する尖頭部を有する形状とする構成が提案されてい
る。[0006] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-130346 discloses that
Regarding the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the sealed battery, as a safety valve for releasing the internal pressure of the battery when an abnormality occurs, a support member having a through-hole, a cleaving membrane stretched to cover the through-hole of the support member, There has been proposed a configuration in which the opening shape of the through hole is a shape having a pointed head projecting inward of the through hole.
【0007】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記特開平7−130
346号においては、非水電解液二次電池に関し、内圧
開放が行なわれる圧力としては5kgf/cm2 以上のできる
だけ低い値であることが望ましいが、従来の、アルミニ
ウムの薄膜を用いた安全弁では強度が大きすぎるため
に、安全弁に溝を設けるなどの加工を施しても、安全弁
が開放されるまでには30kgf/cm2 程度の内圧を必要と
する旨記載されている。The above-mentioned JP-A-7-130
According to No. 346, regarding the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, the pressure at which the internal pressure is released is desirably as low as 5 kgf / cm 2 or more, but the strength of a conventional safety valve using an aluminum thin film is high. It is described that even if a process such as forming a groove in the safety valve is performed, an internal pressure of about 30 kgf / cm 2 is required until the safety valve is opened because the safety valve is opened.
【0008】換言すれば、少くとも密閉型電池の分野に
おいては、アルミニウム等の金属板に溝を形成するもの
では低圧で破断するように設定することができないた
め、実用に供し得ないことが示唆されている。従って、
前掲の特開平6−338305号に開示された前述の金
属製防爆弁の薄肉部の形成方法では30kgf/cm2 以下の
低圧で開放(破断)するように設定することは困難とい
うことになる。In other words, at least in the field of sealed batteries, it cannot be put to practical use because it cannot be set to break at low pressure if a groove is formed in a metal plate such as aluminum. Have been. Therefore,
According to the above-described method of forming a thin portion of a metal explosion-proof valve disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-338305, it is difficult to open (break) at a low pressure of 30 kgf / cm 2 or less.
【0009】一方、前掲の特開平6−333548号に
おいては、電池ケースの強度を確保するため、ケース底
部の薄肉部破断圧力は15kgf/cm2 以上が好ましいとし
ている。もっとも、薄肉部破断圧力を15kgf/cm2 以下
とし得る技術についての具体的な開示は無く、先の特開
平7−130346号におけるアルミニウムの薄膜に溝
を設けても30kgf/cm2 程度の内圧を必要とする旨の記
載と齟齬が生じているが、仮に薄肉部破断圧力を低く設
定し得るとしても、ケース本体に対し脆弱な薄肉部を形
成することは回避すべきである。On the other hand, in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-333548, in order to secure the strength of the battery case, the breaking pressure of the thin portion at the bottom of the case is preferably 15 kgf / cm 2 or more. However, there is no specific disclosure of a technique capable of reducing the breaking pressure of the thin portion to 15 kgf / cm 2 or less, and even if a groove is formed in the aluminum thin film in the above-mentioned JP-A-7-130346, the internal pressure of about 30 kgf / cm 2 is not Although there is an inconsistency with the statement that it is necessary, the formation of a fragile thin portion with respect to the case body should be avoided even if the thin portion breaking pressure can be set low.
【0010】そこで、本発明は、密閉型電池の容器の開
口部を閉塞する封口板において、簡単な構造で、容器内
の圧力が過大となったときには確実に破断して外部に連
通し得る密閉型電池の封口板を提供することを課題とす
る。In view of the above, the present invention provides a sealing plate for closing an opening of a container of a sealed battery, which has a simple structure and can be reliably broken and communicated to the outside when the pressure in the container becomes excessive. It is an object to provide a sealing plate for a rechargeable battery.
【0011】また、本発明は、簡単な手段で密閉型電池
の封口板を製造することができ、その破断圧力を容易に
調整し得る製造方法を提供することを課題とする。Another object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method capable of manufacturing a sealing plate of a sealed battery by simple means and adjusting the breaking pressure thereof easily.
【0012】[0012]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
め、本発明の密閉型電池の封口板は、請求項1に記載の
ように、密閉型電池の容器の開口部を閉塞する金属板か
ら成り、該金属板の表面に、所定の領域を囲繞する輪郭
に沿って溝を形成すると共に、該溝の内側に連続して、
前記金属板の表面側に膨出する膨出部を形成するように
構成したものである。この封口板によれば、密閉型電池
の内圧が過大になり膨出部で受圧する圧力が所定の圧力
を越えると、封口板は溝部分で破断し、膨出部が開放さ
れ外部空間と連通する。この封口板においては、溝部分
の金属板の肉厚を適宜設定することによって破断圧力が
調整される。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a sealing plate for a sealed battery according to the present invention is a metal plate for closing an opening of a container of the sealed battery. A groove is formed on the surface of the metal plate along a contour surrounding a predetermined area, and continuously inside the groove,
It is configured such that a swelling portion swelling on the surface side of the metal plate is formed. According to this sealing plate, when the internal pressure of the sealed battery becomes excessive and the pressure received at the bulging portion exceeds a predetermined pressure, the sealing plate is broken at the groove portion, and the bulging portion is opened to communicate with the external space. I do. In this sealing plate, the breaking pressure is adjusted by appropriately setting the thickness of the metal plate in the groove.
【0013】更に、前記封口板を、請求項2に記載のよ
うに、前記金属板の表面の前記溝及び膨出部を包含する
領域に凹部を形成すると共に、該凹部の底面に、前記溝
及び膨出部を形成するように構成するとよい。この封口
板においては、凹部及び溝部分の金属板の肉厚を適宜設
定することによって破断圧力が調整される。[0013] Further, the sealing plate may be provided with a recess in a region including the groove and the bulging portion on the surface of the metal plate, and the groove may be formed on a bottom surface of the recess. And a bulging portion. In this sealing plate, the breaking pressure is adjusted by appropriately setting the thickness of the metal plate in the concave portion and the groove portion.
【0014】[0014]
【0015】また、本発明に係る密閉型電池の封口板の
製造方法としては、請求項3に記載のように、金属板の
表面に、所定の領域を囲繞する輪郭に沿って圧縮加工し
て溝を形成すると共に、圧縮加工による前記溝の形成に
伴い、前記溝の内側を、前記金属板の表面側に膨出させ
て膨出部を形成することとしたものである。この製造方
法においては、封口板の溝部分での破断圧力が、溝部分
の金属板の肉厚を適宜設定することによって調整され
る。According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a sealing plate for a sealed battery, comprising: compressing a surface of a metal plate along a contour surrounding a predetermined region. In addition to forming grooves, the formation of the grooves by compression
Along the inner side of the groove, it is bulged to the surface side of the metal plate
Thus, a bulging portion is formed. In this manufacturing method, the breaking pressure at the groove of the sealing plate is adjusted by appropriately setting the thickness of the metal plate at the groove.
【0016】また、本発明に係る密閉型電池の封口板の
製造方法としては、請求項4に記載のように、金属板に
対し第1の所定領域を圧縮加工して前記金属板の表面に
凹部を形成し、該凹部の底面に、第2の所定領域を囲繞
する輪郭に沿って圧縮加工して溝を形成すると共に、圧
縮加工による前記溝の形成に伴い、前記溝の内側を、前
記金属板の表面側に膨出させて膨出部を形成することと
したものである。この製造方法においては、封口板の溝
部分での破断圧力が、凹部及び溝部分の金属板の肉厚を
順次適宜設定することによって調整される。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a sealing plate for a sealed battery, comprising the steps of: a recess, the bottom surface of the recess, thereby forming a groove by a compression process along a contour which surrounds a second predetermined area, pressure
With the formation of the groove by contraction processing, the inside of the groove, in which it was decided to form a bulged portion bulged to the surface side of the metal plate. In this manufacturing method, the breaking pressure in the groove portion of the sealing plate is adjusted by appropriately setting the thickness of the metal plate in the concave portion and the groove portion in order.
【0017】[0017]
【0018】[0018]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施形態を図面を
参照しながら説明する。図1及び図2は一実施形態に係
る封口板を備えた密閉型電池を示すもので、金属製の容
器1の開口部1aに封口板2が嵌合され、容器1と封口
板2は開口部1aの全周に亘ってレーザ溶接によって気
密的に接合されている。本実施形態の容器1は、アルミ
ニウム合金製の板材を深絞り加工によって直方体に形成
したもので、その内部に例えば非水電解液電池の構成要
素(図示せず)が収容される。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a sealed battery provided with a sealing plate according to one embodiment. A sealing plate 2 is fitted into an opening 1a of a metal container 1, and the container 1 and the sealing plate 2 are open. The entire periphery of the portion 1a is hermetically joined by laser welding. The container 1 of this embodiment is formed by forming a plate made of an aluminum alloy into a rectangular parallelepiped by deep drawing, and accommodates, for example, components (not shown) of a nonaqueous electrolyte battery therein.
【0019】本実施形態の封口板2はアルミニウム合金
製で、容器1の開口部1aの形状に合致するように矩形
に形成され、全周にフランジ部2aが形成されている。
図2に示すように、封口板2の中央には孔2bが穿設さ
れており、この孔2bにガスケット3が嵌着され、リベ
ット端子4によってカシメ結合されている。従って、孔
2bはガスケット3によって密封されている。尚、容器
1及び封口板2は何れも他の金属材料で形成することと
してもよい。The sealing plate 2 of this embodiment is made of an aluminum alloy, is formed in a rectangular shape so as to conform to the shape of the opening 1a of the container 1, and has a flange portion 2a formed all around.
As shown in FIG. 2, a hole 2 b is formed in the center of the sealing plate 2, and a gasket 3 is fitted into the hole 2 b and is caulked by a rivet terminal 4. Therefore, the hole 2 b is sealed by the gasket 3. In addition, both the container 1 and the sealing plate 2 may be formed of another metal material.
【0020】封口板2の表面には、孔2bを中心として
長手方向の何れか一方側に画定された第1の所定領域
に、凹部21が形成されている。この凹部21の底面
に、更に第2の所定領域が画定され、これを囲繞する輪
郭に沿って溝22が形成されている。尚、本実施形態で
は、第1及び第2の所定領域、即ち凹部21及び溝22
は図1に示すように、夫々平面視小判形状に形成され、
相似形とされている。そして、凹部21内の溝22の内
側には膨出部23が形成されているが、これについては
後述する。これらの凹部21及び溝22はアルミニウム
合金製の素板が圧縮されて形成されると共に、この素板
が焼鈍されて溝22部分における封口板2の破断圧力が
調整される。以下、封口板2の製造工程を説明しつつ、
凹部21、溝22及び膨出部23について詳細に説明す
る。On the surface of the sealing plate 2, a concave portion 21 is formed in a first predetermined region defined on one side in the longitudinal direction with the hole 2b as a center. A second predetermined region is further defined on the bottom surface of the concave portion 21, and a groove 22 is formed along a contour surrounding the second predetermined region. In the present embodiment, the first and second predetermined regions, that is, the concave portion 21 and the groove 22
Are formed in an oval shape in plan view, as shown in FIG.
It has a similar shape. A bulge 23 is formed inside the groove 22 in the recess 21, which will be described later. These recesses 21 and grooves 22 are formed by compressing a base plate made of an aluminum alloy, and the base plate is annealed to adjust the breaking pressure of the sealing plate 2 at the groove 22. Hereinafter, while explaining the manufacturing process of the sealing plate 2,
The concave portion 21, the groove 22, and the bulging portion 23 will be described in detail.
【0021】図3は本発明の一実施形態に係る封口板2
の製造方法における工程を示すもので、白抜矢印は工程
の流れを示す。先ず、絞り加工の工程(D)において、
所謂プレス機械及び金型を含みプレス加工を行なうプレ
ス装置(図示せず)によって、アルミニウム合金製の素
板Mに対し絞り加工が行なわれ、封口板2の本体部M1
と、後にフランジ部2aを構成する部分M2との間に段
差が形成される。続いて、第1の圧縮加工の工程(C
1)において、素板M上に設定する第1の所定領域R1
に対しプレス装置によって圧縮加工が行なわれる。具体
的には、コイニング(圧印加工)が行なわれ、図4乃至
図6に示すように小判形状の凹部21が形成される。こ
の段階での凹部21の底面は平坦に形成され薄板部2c
とされている。FIG. 3 shows a sealing plate 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Indicate the steps in the manufacturing method, and the white arrows indicate the flow of the steps. First, in the drawing process (D),
With a so-called press machine and a press device (not shown) for performing press working including a die, drawing is performed on the base plate M made of aluminum alloy, and the main body M1 of the sealing plate 2 is drawn.
, And a step is formed between a portion M2 which forms the flange portion 2a later. Subsequently, the first compression working step (C
In 1), a first predetermined region R1 set on the blank M
Is compressed by a press device. Specifically, coining (coining) is performed, and an oval-shaped concave portion 21 is formed as shown in FIGS. At this stage, the bottom surface of the concave portion 21 is formed flat and the thin plate portion 2c is formed.
It has been.
【0022】次に、剪断加工の工程(S)にて、フラン
ジ部2aの外形に沿ってプレス装置によって剪断加工が
行なわれ、素板Mから封口板2が打ち抜かれる。この封
口板2に対し、第2の圧縮加工の工程(C2)におい
て、プレス装置によって再度コイニングが行なわれ、凹
部21の底面に、第2の所定領域R2を囲繞する輪郭に
沿って溝22が形成される。このとき、封口板2の薄板
部2cは、コイニングによる溝22の形成に伴い凹部2
1の開口部側に膨出する。具体的には、図7及び図9に
2点鎖線で示すように下面に環状の突条部を有する上型
UDと上面が平面の下型LDによって封口板2が圧縮さ
れる。このとき、薄板部2cの上方(凹部21の開口部
側)は上型UDによって押圧されていないので、薄板部
2cは図7乃至図9の上方に膨出し、上方の開口部側が
凸部で下方の受圧側が凹部の膨出部23が形成される。
このように、膨出部23の受圧側は曲面凹部形状に形成
されるので、図4の薄板部2cの平坦な面より大きな面
積を有する。Next, in a shearing step (S), a shearing process is performed by a press device along the outer shape of the flange portion 2a, and the sealing plate 2 is punched from the blank M. In the second compression working step (C2), the sealing plate 2 is coined again by the press device, and a groove 22 is formed on the bottom surface of the concave portion 21 along the contour surrounding the second predetermined region R2. It is formed. At this time, the thin plate portion 2c of the sealing plate 2 is
1 swells toward the opening. More specifically, the sealing plate 2 is compressed by an upper die UD having an annular ridge on the lower surface and a lower die LD having a flat upper surface as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIGS. 7 and 9. At this time, since the upper portion of the thin plate portion 2c (the opening side of the concave portion 21) is not pressed by the upper mold UD, the thin plate portion 2c bulges upward in FIGS. 7 to 9, and the upper opening side is a convex portion. The lower pressure-receiving side forms a bulged portion 23 with a concave portion.
As described above, since the pressure receiving side of the bulging portion 23 is formed into a curved concave shape, the bulging portion 23 has a larger area than the flat surface of the thin plate portion 2c in FIG.
【0023】以上の工程により、封口板2に凹部21が
形成されると共に、その底面の溝22の内側に膨出部2
3が形成される。而して、この状態の封口板2が容器1
に装着されると、凹部21、溝22及び膨出部23によ
って所定の弁機能が確保される。即ち、膨出部23が受
圧部として機能し、封口板2は溝22部分で肉厚が最小
となっているので、容器1の内圧が過大となり、膨出部
23に加わる圧力が所定の圧力を越えると、封口板2は
溝22部分で破断し、膨出部23が脱落する。これによ
り第2の所定領域R2が開放され、容器1内が外部空間
と連通し、一気に内圧が低下する。このときの封口板2
の破断圧力は、凹部21(薄板部2c)の肉厚を適宜設
定すると共に、溝22部分の封口板2の肉厚を適宜設定
することによって調整することができる。而して、例え
ば、破断圧力を9.5kgf/cm2 近傍の低い値に調整する
ことができ、図17の上段に示すように良好な実験結果
が得られた。尚、図17の横軸は試料番号、縦軸は破断
圧力の測定値を表し、上段は後述の焼鈍工程(A)を行
なわなかった場合の封口板2の破断圧力の測定結果を示
し、下段は焼鈍工程(A)を行なった場合の封口板2の
破断圧力の測定結果を示す。Through the above steps, the recess 21 is formed in the sealing plate 2 and the bulging portion 2 is formed inside the groove 22 on the bottom surface.
3 is formed. Thus, the sealing plate 2 in this state is
When it is attached to the, a predetermined valve function is secured by the concave portion 21, the groove 22, and the bulging portion 23. That is, since the bulging portion 23 functions as a pressure receiving portion and the sealing plate 2 has a minimum thickness at the groove 22, the internal pressure of the container 1 becomes excessive, and the pressure applied to the bulging portion 23 becomes a predetermined pressure. Is exceeded, the sealing plate 2 breaks at the groove 22 and the bulging portion 23 falls off. Thereby, the second predetermined region R2 is opened, the inside of the container 1 communicates with the external space, and the internal pressure is reduced at a stretch. The sealing plate 2 at this time
Can be adjusted by appropriately setting the thickness of the concave portion 21 (thin plate portion 2c) and appropriately setting the thickness of the sealing plate 2 in the groove 22 portion. Thus, for example, the breaking pressure could be adjusted to a low value near 9.5 kgf / cm 2, and good experimental results were obtained as shown in the upper part of FIG. In FIG. 17, the horizontal axis represents the sample number, the vertical axis represents the measured value of the rupture pressure, and the upper part represents the measurement result of the rupture pressure of the sealing plate 2 when the annealing step (A) described below was not performed. Shows the measurement results of the breaking pressure of the sealing plate 2 when the annealing step (A) was performed.
【0024】上記の工程(D)、工程(C1)、工程
(S)及び工程(C2)は全てプレス加工であり、プレ
ス装置(図示せず)による連続した加工によって封口板
2に凹部21が形成されると共に、その底面に溝22が
形成され、この溝22の形成に伴い、その内側に膨出部
23が形成されるので、弁機能を有する封口板2を単一
の部品で形成することができる。而して、密閉型電池に
対する安全弁として機能し得る封口板を安価に提供する
ことができる。The above steps (D), (C1), (S) and (C2) are all performed by pressing, and the recess 21 is formed in the sealing plate 2 by continuous processing by a pressing device (not shown). At the same time, the groove 22 is formed on the bottom surface, and the bulging portion 23 is formed inside the groove 22 along with the formation of the groove 22, so that the sealing plate 2 having a valve function is formed by a single component. be able to. Thus, a sealing plate that can function as a safety valve for a sealed battery can be provided at low cost.
【0025】上記のようにプレス加工のみによって封口
板2を形成する場合には、図17のグラフの上段に示す
ように、製品毎の破断圧力にバラツキがみられる。これ
は、封口板2の溝22部分が2回の圧縮工程を経て硬化
しているからであり、このバラツキは許容範囲である
が、破断圧力を低い値に調整することは必ずしも容易で
はない。このため、本実施形態では、図3に示すよう
に、更に第2の圧縮加工の工程(C2)の後、封口板2
に対し熱処理が行なわれる。即ち、焼鈍工程(A)が設
けられており、所定の温度で加熱された後所定の時間で
冷却される。In the case where the sealing plate 2 is formed only by press working as described above, there is variation in the breaking pressure of each product as shown in the upper part of the graph of FIG. This is because the groove 22 of the sealing plate 2 is hardened through two compression steps, and this variation is within an allowable range, but it is not always easy to adjust the breaking pressure to a low value. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, after the second compression processing step (C2), the sealing plate 2
Is subjected to a heat treatment. That is, an annealing step (A) is provided, and after being heated at a predetermined temperature, it is cooled for a predetermined time.
【0026】これにより、例えば図17のグラフの下段
に示すように、封口板2の溝22部分の破断圧力を平均
6.5kgf/cm2 という低い値に容易に調整することがで
きる。しかも、製品毎の破断圧力のバラツキも小さく抑
えることができ、焼鈍工程(A)を行なわなかった場合
(図17の上段に示す)に比べ、格段の安定性をもって
破断圧力を低い値に調整することができる。Thus, for example, as shown in the lower part of the graph of FIG. 17, the breaking pressure of the groove 22 of the sealing plate 2 can be easily adjusted to a low value of 6.5 kgf / cm 2 on average. Moreover, the variation of the breaking pressure for each product can be suppressed to be small, and the breaking pressure is adjusted to a lower value with remarkable stability as compared with the case where the annealing step (A) is not performed (shown in the upper part of FIG. 17). be able to.
【0027】尚、焼鈍工程(A)は、製造工程中のどの
段階で行なってもよいが、図3に示すように第2の圧縮
加工の工程(C2)の後に行なうこととすれば、破断圧
力の調整が更に容易となり、破断圧力のバラツキが小さ
い安定した製品を提供することができる。また、焼鈍工
程(A)の前段階で封口板2に孔2bが穿設されるが、
他の工程で穿設することとしてもよい。更に、剪断加工
の工程(S)は第2の圧縮加工の工程(C2)あるいは
焼鈍工程(A)の後に行なうこととしてもよい。The annealing step (A) may be performed at any stage in the manufacturing process. However, if the annealing step (A) is performed after the second compression working step (C2) as shown in FIG. Adjustment of the pressure is further facilitated, and a stable product with small variation in the breaking pressure can be provided. Further, a hole 2b is formed in the sealing plate 2 before the annealing step (A).
The drilling may be performed in another step. Further, the shearing step (S) may be performed after the second compression processing step (C2) or the annealing step (A).
【0028】上記の実施形態においては、圧縮加工が2
回行なわれているが(C1,C2)、これを1回のみと
しても焼鈍工程(A)の付加によって、許容範囲のバラ
ツキで、破断圧力を低い値に調整することができる。即
ち、圧縮加工については、第1の圧縮加工の工程(C
1)を割愛して第2の圧縮加工の工程(C2)のみと
し、素板M(必要に応じ絞り加工の工程(D)を付加)
に対し、所定の領域(例えば、上記第2の所定領域R2
と同じ領域)を囲繞する輪郭に沿ってコイニングを行な
い溝22を形成すると共に、これを焼鈍処理するという
方法によっても、従来方法に比べ、許容範囲のバラツキ
で破断圧力を低い値に調整することができる。In the above embodiment, the compression processing is
(C1, C2), but the breaking pressure can be adjusted to a low value within an allowable range by adding the annealing step (A) even if only once. That is, regarding the compression processing, the first compression processing step (C
1) is omitted, and only the second compression processing step (C2) is performed, and the blank M (the drawing processing step (D) is added as necessary)
To a predetermined region (for example, the second predetermined region R2
The groove 22 is formed along the contour surrounding the same region as above, and the groove 22 is formed, and the groove 22 is also subjected to an annealing treatment. Can be.
【0029】これに対し、図10は、本発明の他の実施
形態に係る封口板の製造方法における工程を示すもの
で、図3に示す製造工程における第1の圧縮加工の工程
(C1)を更に2工程とし、図14乃至図16に示す封
口板2を形成することとしたものである。尚、図10で
は絞り加工の工程(D)が省略されているが、前述の製
造工程と同様に行なわれる。もっとも、図3及び図10
の何れの製造工程においても絞り加工の工程(D)を省
略し、封口板2を平板状に形成することとしてもよい。
図10の製造工程においては、第1の圧縮加工の前段の
工程(C11)にて、素板M上に設定する第1の所定領
域R1に対しコイニングが行なわれ、先ず図4乃至図6
に示すように小判形の凹部21が形成される。続いて第
1の圧縮加工の後段の工程(C12)において、凹部2
1の内径に沿って所定幅で全周に亘るコイニングが行な
われると、図11乃至図13に示すように封口板2の底
面は開口部方向に膨出し、凹部21の底面に曲面形状の
膨出部23が形成される。On the other hand, FIG. 10 shows a process in a method for manufacturing a sealing plate according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which the first compression working process (C1) in the manufacturing process shown in FIG. The sealing plate 2 shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 is formed in two steps. Although the drawing process (D) is omitted in FIG. 10, the drawing process is performed in the same manner as the above-described manufacturing process. However, FIGS. 3 and 10
In any of the above manufacturing steps, the drawing step (D) may be omitted, and the sealing plate 2 may be formed in a flat plate shape.
In the manufacturing process of FIG. 10, coining is performed on a first predetermined region R1 set on the blank M in a step (C11) preceding the first compression working, and first, FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 7, an oval-shaped concave portion 21 is formed. Subsequently, in the step (C12) subsequent to the first compression working, the concave portion 2 is formed.
When coining is performed over the entire circumference with a predetermined width along the inner diameter of the sealing member 1, the bottom surface of the sealing plate 2 bulges toward the opening as shown in FIGS. A protrusion 23 is formed.
【0030】次に、剪断加工の工程(S)にて、フラン
ジ部2aの外形に沿ってプレス装置(図示せず)によっ
て剪断加工が行なわれ、素板Mから封口板2が打ち抜か
れる。尚、本実施形態においても、剪断加工の工程
(S)はこれより後段において行なうこととしてもよ
い。そして、第2の圧縮加工の工程(C2)に進み、打
ち抜かれた封口板2に対し、プレス装置によって更にコ
イニングが行なわれ、図14乃至図16に示すように凹
部21の底面に、膨出部23の裾近傍の第2の所定領域
R2を囲繞する輪郭に沿って溝22が形成される。これ
に伴い、封口板2の底面は開口部方向に更に膨出し、図
14乃至図16に示すように膨出部23の裾近傍に段部
2dが形成される。この結果、図7に示す膨出部23よ
り更に開口部方向に膨出することなる。従って、膨出部
23の受圧面積がそれだけ拡大されることになるので、
低い圧力で破断し得るように容易に調整することができ
る。Next, in a shearing process (S), a shearing process is performed by a pressing device (not shown) along the outer shape of the flange portion 2a, and the sealing plate 2 is punched from the blank M. Note that, also in the present embodiment, the shearing step (S) may be performed later. Then, the process proceeds to the second compression processing step (C2), where the stamped sealing plate 2 is further coined by a press device, and as shown in FIG. 14 to FIG. The groove 22 is formed along the contour surrounding the second predetermined region R2 near the bottom of the portion 23. Along with this, the bottom surface of the sealing plate 2 further bulges toward the opening, and a step 2d is formed near the skirt of the bulge 23 as shown in FIGS. As a result, it swells further in the opening direction than the swelling portion 23 shown in FIG. Therefore, the pressure receiving area of the bulging portion 23 is expanded accordingly.
It can easily be adjusted to break at low pressure.
【0031】このように圧縮加工された封口板2に対
し、図10の焼鈍工程(A)において熱処理、具体的に
は焼鈍処理が行なわれる。即ち、封口板2が所定の温度
で加熱された後所定時間冷却される。これにより、封口
板2の溝22部分の肉厚は計3回の圧縮加工と焼鈍処理
によって設定されることになるので、破断圧力の微調整
が可能となり、破断圧力を低い値に容易に調整すること
ができ、しかも製品毎のバラツキを小さく抑えることが
できる。The sealing plate 2 thus compressed is subjected to a heat treatment, specifically, an annealing treatment in the annealing step (A) of FIG. That is, after the sealing plate 2 is heated at a predetermined temperature, it is cooled for a predetermined time. As a result, the thickness of the groove 22 of the sealing plate 2 is set by a total of three times of compression and annealing, so that the breaking pressure can be finely adjusted and the breaking pressure can be easily adjusted to a low value. And the variation among products can be kept small.
【0032】[0032]
【発明の効果】本発明は上述のように構成されているの
で以下に記載の効果を奏する。即ち、請求項1に記載の
密閉型電池の封口板においては、金属板の表面に、所定
の領域を囲繞する輪郭に沿って溝を形成すると共に、こ
の溝の内側に連続して、金属板の表面側に膨出する膨出
部を形成するように構成されているので、溝部分の金属
板の肉厚を適宜設定することによって封口板の溝部分で
の破断圧力を容易に調整することができる。特に、この
封口板は、金属板で形成された単一の部品のみによって
構成されているので安価であり、密閉型電池に対する安
全弁装置を安価に提供することができる。Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. That is, in the sealing plate of the sealed battery according to claim 1, a groove is formed on the surface of the metal plate along a contour surrounding a predetermined region, and the metal plate is continuously formed inside the groove. It is configured so as to form a bulging portion that bulges to the surface side of the sealing plate, so that the breaking pressure in the groove portion of the sealing plate can be easily adjusted by appropriately setting the thickness of the metal plate in the groove portion. Can be. In particular, the sealing plate is inexpensive because it is composed of only a single component formed of a metal plate, and a safety valve device for a sealed battery can be provided at low cost.
【0033】更に、請求項2に記載の封口板において
は、金属板の表面の溝及び膨出部を包含する領域に凹部
を形成すると共に、この凹部の底面に、前記溝及び膨出
部を形成するように構成されているので、凹部及び溝部
分の金属板の肉厚を適宜設定することによって封口板の
溝部分での破断圧力を一層容易に調整することができ
る。Further, in the sealing plate according to the second aspect, a recess is formed in a region of the surface of the metal plate including the groove and the bulging portion, and the groove and the bulging portion are formed on the bottom surface of the concave portion. Since it is configured to be formed, the breaking pressure at the groove portion of the sealing plate can be more easily adjusted by appropriately setting the thickness of the metal plate in the concave portion and the groove portion.
【0034】[0034]
【0035】また、請求項3に記載の封口板の製造方法
においては、金属板に対し溝を圧縮加工によって形成す
ると共に、圧縮加工による溝の形成に伴い、溝の内側
を、金属板の表面側に膨出させて膨出部を形成すること
としており、単一の部品に対するプレス加工のみによっ
て封口板を製造することができるので、安価に製造する
ことができる。しかも、溝部分の金属板の肉厚を容易に
設定することができ、従って溝部分での破断圧力を容易
に調整することができるので、封口板を低コストで製造
することができる。In the method for manufacturing a sealing plate according to the third aspect , the groove is formed on the metal plate by compression, and the groove is formed inside the groove by the compression.
And by bulging surface side of the metal plate has been decided to form the bulged portion, since only by press working to a single component can be manufactured sealing plate, it can be manufactured at low cost. In addition, the thickness of the metal plate in the groove can be easily set, and the breaking pressure in the groove can be easily adjusted, so that the sealing plate can be manufactured at low cost.
【0036】更に、請求項4に記載の製造方法によれ
ば、金属板に対し凹部及び溝を圧縮加工によって形成す
ると共に、圧縮加工による溝の形成に伴い、溝の内側
を、金属板の表面側に膨出させて膨出部を形成すること
としており、凹部及び溝部分の金属板の肉厚を順次適宜
設定することによって、溝部分での破断圧力を一層容易
に調整することができる。Further, according to the manufacturing method of the fourth aspect , the concave portion and the groove are formed on the metal plate by compression, and the inside of the groove is formed with the formation of the groove by compression.
And by bulging surface side of the metal plate it has been decided to form the bulged portion, by sequentially appropriately setting the thickness of the metal plate of the recess and the groove portion, more easily fracture pressure at the groove portions Can be adjusted.
【0037】[0037]
【図1】本発明の一実施形態に係る封口板を備えた密閉
型電池の平面図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view of a sealed battery provided with a sealing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】本発明の一実施形態に係る封口板を備えた密閉
型電池の断面図であって、電池構成要素を省略した断面
図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a sealed battery provided with a sealing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a battery component is omitted.
【図3】本発明の一実施形態に係る封口板の製造方法を
示す工程図である。FIG. 3 is a process chart showing a method for manufacturing a sealing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図4】本発明の一実施形態において封口板に凹部を形
成した状態を示す正断面図である。FIG. 4 is a front sectional view showing a state in which a concave portion is formed in the sealing plate in one embodiment of the present invention.
【図5】本発明の一実施形態において封口板に凹部を形
成した状態を示す平面図である。FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state in which a concave portion is formed in the sealing plate in one embodiment of the present invention.
【図6】本発明の一実施形態において封口板に凹部を形
成した状態を示す側断面図である。FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing a state in which a concave portion is formed in the sealing plate in one embodiment of the present invention.
【図7】本発明の一実施形態において封口板に凹部、溝
及び膨出部を形成した状態を示す正断面図である。FIG. 7 is a front sectional view showing a state in which a concave portion, a groove, and a bulging portion are formed in a sealing plate in one embodiment of the present invention.
【図8】本発明の一実施形態において封口板に凹部、溝
及び膨出部を形成した状態を示す平面図である。FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a state in which a concave portion, a groove, and a bulging portion are formed in a sealing plate in one embodiment of the present invention.
【図9】本発明の一実施形態において封口板に凹部、溝
及び膨出部を形成した状態を示す側断面図である。FIG. 9 is a side sectional view showing a state in which a concave portion, a groove, and a bulging portion are formed in a sealing plate in one embodiment of the present invention.
【図10】本発明の他の実施形態に係る封口板の製造方
法を示す工程図である。FIG. 10 is a process chart showing a method for manufacturing a sealing plate according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図11】本発明の他の実施形態において封口板に凹部
及び膨出部を形成した状態を示す正断面図である。FIG. 11 is a front sectional view showing a state in which a concave portion and a bulged portion are formed in a sealing plate in another embodiment of the present invention.
【図12】本発明の他の実施形態において封口板に凹部
及び膨出部を形成した状態を示す平面図である。FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a state in which a concave portion and a bulged portion are formed in a sealing plate in another embodiment of the present invention.
【図13】本発明の他の実施形態において封口板に凹部
及び膨出部を形成した状態を示す側断面図である。FIG. 13 is a side sectional view showing a state in which a concave portion and a bulged portion are formed in a sealing plate in another embodiment of the present invention.
【図14】本発明の他の実施形態において封口板に凹
部、溝及び膨出部を形成した状態を示す正断面図であ
る。FIG. 14 is a front sectional view showing a state in which a concave portion, a groove, and a bulging portion are formed in a sealing plate in another embodiment of the present invention.
【図15】本発明の他の実施形態において封口板に凹
部、溝及び膨出部を形成した状態を示す平面図である。FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a state in which a concave portion, a groove, and a bulging portion are formed in a sealing plate in another embodiment of the present invention.
【図16】本発明の他の実施形態において封口板に凹
部、溝及び膨出部を形成した状態を示す側断面図であ
る。FIG. 16 is a side sectional view showing a state in which a concave portion, a groove, and a bulging portion are formed in a sealing plate in another embodiment of the present invention.
【図17】本発明における実施例の破断圧力の測定結果
を示すグラフである。FIG. 17 is a graph showing a measurement result of a breaking pressure of an example in the present invention.
1 容器 2 封口板 2a フランジ部 2b 孔 2c 薄板部 3 ガスケット 4 リベット端子 21 凹部 22 溝 23 膨出部 Reference Signs List 1 container 2 sealing plate 2a flange portion 2b hole 2c thin plate portion 3 gasket 4 rivet terminal 21 concave portion 22 groove 23 bulging portion
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 杉田 晴夫 愛知県知立市逢妻町金山18番地1 ミヤ マツール株式会社内 (72)発明者 三窪 正一 愛知県知立市逢妻町金山18番地1 ミヤ マツール株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平8−212987(JP,A) 特開 平9−139196(JP,A) 実開 昭63−167669(JP,U) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) H01M 2/02 - 2/04 H01M 2/12 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Haruo Sugita 18-1 Kanayama, Aizuma-cho, Chiryu-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inside Miya Mazur Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shoichi Mikubo 18-1 Kanayama, Aizuma-cho, Chiryu-shi, Aichi Miyamiya (56) References JP-A-8-212987 (JP, A) JP-A-9-139196 (JP, A) JP-A-63-167669 (JP, U) (58) Fields studied (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) H01M 2/02-2/04 H01M 2/12
Claims (4)
属板から成り、該金属板の表面に、所定の領域を囲繞す
る輪郭に沿って溝を形成すると共に、該溝の内側に連続
して、前記金属板の表面側に膨出する膨出部を形成して
成る密閉型電池の封口板。1. A made of a metallic plate that closes the opening of the container of the sealed battery, the surface of the metal plate, thereby forming a groove along a contour surrounding a predetermined area, continuous to the inside of the groove
To, sealing plate of the sealed type battery by forming a bulging portion that bulges to the surface side of the metal plate.
包含する領域に凹部を形成すると共に、該凹部の底面
に、前記溝及び膨出部を形成して成ることを特徴とする
請求項1記載の密閉型電池の封口板。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a concave portion is formed in a region of the surface of the metal plate including the groove and the bulging portion, and the groove and the bulging portion are formed on a bottom surface of the concave portion. A sealing plate for a sealed battery according to claim 1.
輪郭に沿って圧縮加工して溝を形成すると共に、圧縮加
工による前記溝の形成に伴い、前記溝の内側を、前記金
属板の表面側に膨出させて膨出部を形成することを特徴
とする密閉型電池の封口板の製造方法。The surface of wherein the metal plate, to form a groove by compression processing along a contour surrounding a predetermined area, the compression pressure
With the formation of the groove by engineering, the inside of the groove, a manufacturing method of the sealing plate of the sealed battery and forming a swelled by bulging portion on the surface side of the metal plate.
して前記金属板の表面に凹部を形成し、該凹部の底面
に、第2の所定領域を囲繞する輪郭に沿って圧縮加工し
て溝を形成すると共に、圧縮加工による前記溝の形成に
伴い、前記溝の内側を、前記金属板の表面側に膨出させ
て膨出部を形成することを特徴とする密閉型電池の封口
板の製造方法。4. A compression process is performed on a first predetermined region of the metal plate to form a recess in the surface of the metal plate, and a compression process is performed on a bottom surface of the recess along a contour surrounding the second predetermined region. To form the groove, and to form the groove by compression
Along the inner side of the groove, it is bulged to the surface side of the metal plate
A method for producing a sealing plate for a sealed battery, comprising forming a bulge portion by pressing.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP09261398A JP3222418B2 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1998-03-20 | Sealing plate for sealed battery and method of manufacturing the same |
KR10-1999-0006508A KR100510782B1 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1999-02-26 | Sealing plate for a closed type battery, and method for manufacturing it |
TW088103876A TW428339B (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1999-03-12 | Sealing plate of airtight battery and its fabricating method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP09261398A JP3222418B2 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1998-03-20 | Sealing plate for sealed battery and method of manufacturing the same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH11273640A JPH11273640A (en) | 1999-10-08 |
JP3222418B2 true JP3222418B2 (en) | 2001-10-29 |
Family
ID=14059298
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP09261398A Expired - Lifetime JP3222418B2 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1998-03-20 | Sealing plate for sealed battery and method of manufacturing the same |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3222418B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100510782B1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW428339B (en) |
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-
1998
- 1998-03-20 JP JP09261398A patent/JP3222418B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-02-26 KR KR10-1999-0006508A patent/KR100510782B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-12 TW TW088103876A patent/TW428339B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR19990046355A (en) | 1999-07-05 |
TW428339B (en) | 2001-04-01 |
JPH11273640A (en) | 1999-10-08 |
KR100510782B1 (en) | 2005-08-26 |
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