JP3215143B2 - Method of controlling dioxin generation - Google Patents
Method of controlling dioxin generationInfo
- Publication number
- JP3215143B2 JP3215143B2 JP03297492A JP3297492A JP3215143B2 JP 3215143 B2 JP3215143 B2 JP 3215143B2 JP 03297492 A JP03297492 A JP 03297492A JP 3297492 A JP3297492 A JP 3297492A JP 3215143 B2 JP3215143 B2 JP 3215143B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- dioxin
- waste
- exhaust gas
- generation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ダイオキシン発生の抑
制方法に係り、特に都市ごみ又は産業廃棄物を焼却する
に際して発生するダイオキシンの量を抑制する方法に関
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for suppressing the generation of dioxins, and more particularly to a method for reducing the amount of dioxins generated when incinerators or industrial waste are incinerated.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、都市ごみの廃棄物を焼却する設備
において、地球環境保護の観点から微量有害物質特にダ
イオキシンの排出防止の研究が盛んに行われ、既に実用
化されているものも出現されている。これらの方法に
は、次の２つのものがある。 （１）完全燃焼で分解を図り発生を抑制する方法。 （２）生成した微量有害成分をガス処理により除去ある
いは分解する方法。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in the incineration of municipal solid waste, research on the prevention of the emission of trace harmful substances, especially dioxins, has been actively conducted from the viewpoint of protecting the global environment, and some of them have already been put to practical use. ing. These methods include the following two methods. (1) A method in which decomposition is achieved by complete combustion to suppress generation. (2) A method of removing or decomposing generated trace harmful components by gas treatment.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記（１）の方法はダ
イオキシンが１０００℃程度の高温域では容易に分解す
るため主として二次燃焼域の温度、滞留時間及び混合の
条件を改善することにより完全燃焼を図るもので、炉形
状、炉の容量、二次空気吹込方法及び各種混合改善によ
り、実機においても成果を得つつあるが、新設炉への適
用はできても既設炉では大巾な設備の改造が必要とな
る。（ダイオキシン発生の指標としてはＣＯを用いるこ
とが多い。）In the above method (1), dioxin is easily decomposed in a high temperature range of about 1000 ° C., so that the temperature, residence time and mixing conditions of the secondary combustion zone are mainly improved to improve completeness. Although it is intended to combust, improvement of furnace shape, furnace capacity, secondary air injection method and various mixing has been achieving results in actual equipment, but it can be applied to new furnaces but large facilities in existing furnaces Need to be remodeled. (CO is often used as an index of dioxin generation.)
【０００４】また、（２）の方法は主として除塵温度を
２５０℃以下としてダイオキシンの合成を抑制するとと
もに、バグフィルタ等の特に１ミクロン以下の微粒子に
対しても、高効率除塵性能を有する除塵器により、ダイ
オキシンを補足するものである。また特殊反応助剤の添
加により除去率を向上させる報告もあるが、その効率に
も限界があり、入口におけるダイオキシン濃度を低減す
る方法と協調して実施する必要がある。そこで、本発明
は、上記の問題点を解決し、既施設においても適用でき
ダイオキシンの発生量を大巾に抑制できる方法を提供す
ることを課題とする。In the method (2), the dust removal temperature is set to 250 ° C. or less to suppress the synthesis of dioxin, and the dust remover having high efficiency dust removal performance even for fine particles of 1 μm or less, such as a bag filter. Supplements dioxin. There is also a report that the removal rate is improved by adding a special reaction aid, but the efficiency is limited, and it is necessary to carry out in cooperation with a method of reducing the dioxin concentration at the inlet. Then, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a method which can be applied to existing facilities and can greatly reduce the amount of dioxin generated.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に、本発明では、ダイオキシン発生の抑制方法として、
都市ごみ又は産業廃棄物を焼却するに際し、石炭を該廃
棄物に対して重量比で５〜３０％添加して混焼させ、燃
焼排ガス中に石炭の燃焼による未燃カーボンを含む微粒
子を発生させて、該微粒子を含む燃焼排ガスをバグフィ
ルタを用いて除塵することとしたものである。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for suppressing the generation of dioxins.
Upon incineration of municipal solid waste or industrial waste, waste coal
5 to 30% by weight is added to the waste and co-firing is performed to generate fine particles containing unburned carbon by combustion of coal in the combustion exhaust gas, and the combustion exhaust gas containing the fine particles is dust-removed using a bag filter. It is decided to do.
【０００６】本発明は、都市ごみ又は産業廃棄物を焼却
するに際し、石炭を添加して混焼させることにより、燃
焼排ガス中に未燃カーボン（チャー）を含む微粒子を発
生させて、発生した該微粒子を燃焼ガス中に吹込み、そ
の後でバグフィルタで除塵することによりダイオキシン
の発生を抑制したものである。上記において、燃焼排ガ
ス中に発生させたチャーの吹込量は０．０５ｇ／Ｎｍ3
以上がよく、特に０．２ｇ／Ｎｍ3以上がより好適であ
る。According to the present invention, when incinerating municipal waste or industrial waste, coal is added and co-fired to generate fine particles containing unburned carbon (char) in the combustion exhaust gas, and the generated fine particles are generated. Is blown into the combustion gas, and then dust is removed by a bag filter to suppress the generation of dioxin. In the above, the combustion exhaust gas
The amount of char blown in the gas is 0.05 g / Nm 3
The above is preferable, and 0.2 g / Nm 3 or more is more preferable.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】本発明によれば、被焼却物に石炭を添加するだ
けで、ダイオキシンの発生量を大巾に低減することが可
能であり、炉形状、炉容積及び各種混合改善の手段を講
ずる必要がない。また、除塵装置としてバグフィルタを
用いれば、バグフィルタにおけるダイオキシン除去効果
が大巾に改善される。ダイオキシン低減は以下のメカニ
ズムにより達成されると思われる。 （１）低空気燃焼の石炭添加による排ガスＯ2 濃度の低
減で有機塩素化合物の酸化を抑制する。 （２）石炭中のＳ分の燃焼により生ずるＳＯｘがＣｌ2
発生を抑制し、ダイオキシン生成の塩素化反応を押え
る。 （３）石炭燃焼により発生するチャーがダイオキシンを
吸着する。According to the present invention, it is possible to greatly reduce the amount of dioxin generated simply by adding coal to the incinerated material, and it is necessary to take measures for improving the furnace shape, furnace volume and various kinds of mixing. There is no. Further, if a bag filter is used as the dust removing device, the dioxin removing effect of the bag filter is greatly improved. Dioxin reduction appears to be achieved by the following mechanism. (1) Oxidation of organic chlorine compounds is suppressed by reducing the concentration of exhaust gas O 2 by adding coal in low air combustion. (2) SOx generated by combustion of S in coal is Cl 2
Suppress generation and suppress chlorination reaction of dioxin formation. (3) Char generated by coal combustion adsorbs dioxin.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明す
るが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。 実施例１ 以下に、汚泥と雑芥の混合物６ｔ／ｈに、石炭１ｔ／ｈ
を添加した焼却物を焼却させた結果を示す。 排ガス中有害成分 ＣＯ ：約３０００ｐｐｍ ＨＣｌ：５０〜３００ｐｐｍ ＮＯｘ：７０〜１５０ｐｐｍ ＳＯ2：５０〜１５０ｐｐｍ Ｏ2 ：５％（wet) バグフィルタ前ダイオキシン量 ８．８ ｎｇ／Nｍ3 （Ｉ−ＴＥＱ） 〃 後 〃 ０．３７ｎｇ／Nｍ3 （ 〃 ）EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Example 1 In the following, a mixture of sludge and garbage (6 t / h) was mixed with coal (1 t / h).
4 shows the results of incineration of the incinerated material to which is added. In the exhaust gas harmful components CO: about 3000ppm HCl: 50~300ppm NOx: 70~150ppm SO 2: 50~150ppm O 2: 5% (wet) bag filter before dioxin 8.8 ng / Nm 3 (I- TEQ) 〃 After 0.37 ng / Nm 3 (〃)
【０００９】都市ごみ焼却では不完全燃焼によりダイオ
キシンが発生することは、公知であり、ダイオキシン発
生量とＣＯの間に相関がえられており、また、ＣＯが１
００ｐｐｍをこえるピークが頻発するとダイオキシン発
生量が極度に増加する。通常Ｉ−ＴＥＱでダイオキシン
発生量を１０ｎｇ／Ｎｍ3以下とするには、ＣＯを５０
ｐｐｍ以下とする必要があり、実施例のＣＯが３０００
ｐｐｍにおけるダイオキシン低減効果は一目瞭然であ
る。It is known that incineration of municipal solid waste generates dioxin due to incomplete combustion, and there is a correlation between the amount of dioxin generated and CO.
When a peak exceeding 00 ppm frequently occurs, the amount of dioxin generation extremely increases. Normally, to reduce the amount of dioxin generation to 10 ng / Nm 3 or less by I-TEQ, CO
ppm or less, and CO in the Examples is 3000
The dioxin reduction effect in ppm is obvious.
【００１０】またバグフィルタによるダイオキシン除去
率の一例を図１に示す。図１において、１は廃棄物石炭
混焼（石炭添加率１７％）、２は廃棄物専焼でバグフィ
ルタ前に粉末活性炭添加、３は廃棄物専焼の場合を示
す。図１に示す様に、ダイオキシン（ＰＣＤＤｓ＋ＰＣ
ＤＦｓ）のうち、置換塩素数の少ない４〜６塩化物はそ
の存在量に対して蒸気圧も高く、除去が困難であるが、
石炭混焼の場合には、バグフィルタ前粉末活性炭添加と
同様の除去率を示した。以上の効果は、石炭の添加率が
高い程、発揮されるが、ごみ処理の観点からは、石炭添
加率を抑制する必要がある。FIG. 1 shows an example of a dioxin removal rate by a bag filter. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a case of co-firing of waste coal (coal addition ratio: 17%), 2 denotes a case of mono-burning of waste and powder activated carbon is added before the bag filter, and 3 denotes a case of mono-burning of waste. As shown in FIG. 1, dioxin (PCDDs + PC
Among DFs), 4 to 6 chlorides having a small number of substituted chlorines have a high vapor pressure with respect to their abundance and are difficult to remove.
In the case of coal co-firing, the same removal rate as that of powdered activated carbon added before the bag filter was exhibited. The above effects are exhibited as the addition rate of coal is higher, but it is necessary to suppress the coal addition rate from the viewpoint of waste treatment.
【００１１】実施例２ 次に、石炭及びチャーの添加量について実験した。図２
は、石炭の燃料比１．５における石炭添加率とバグフィ
ルタにおけるダイオキシン除去率の関係を示すグラフで
ある。バグフィルタによるダイオキシン除去率について
は燃料比１．５では石炭添加率が３０％で除去率は飽和
した。また、燃料比１．５で石炭添加率３％以下ではダ
イオキシン抑制の効果が少なかった。これは、火炉に石
炭を投入する場合、大部分の石炭が燃焼し、バグフィル
タまで達する未燃カーボン（チャー）の量は燃料比が小
さい程少ないからである。燃料比の高い石炭を用いれ
ば、石炭添加率はより微量で良い。Example 2 Next, experiments were conducted on the amounts of coal and char added. FIG.
4 is a graph showing the relationship between the coal addition rate at a coal fuel ratio of 1.5 and the dioxin removal rate in the bag filter. Regarding the dioxin removal rate by the bag filter, at a fuel ratio of 1.5, the coal addition rate was 30% and the removal rate was saturated. When the fuel ratio was 1.5 and the coal addition rate was 3% or less, the effect of suppressing dioxin was small. This is because when coal is charged into a furnace, most of the coal burns and the amount of unburned carbon (char) reaching the bag filter decreases as the fuel ratio decreases. If coal with a high fuel ratio is used, the coal addition rate may be smaller.
【００１２】また、未燃カーボンを含む微粒子をバグフ
ィルタ前に吹込むことにより微量でも大きなダイオキシ
ン低減効果が得られた。すなわち、バグフィルタに入る
未燃カーボン（チャー）が一定量あれば良い。テストで
は排ガス量１Ｎｍ3当り約０．３ｇのチャー吹込みで９
５％以上のダイオキシン捕集効率が得られた。 Also, by blowing fine particles containing unburned carbon before the bag filter, a large amount of dioxin can be reduced even in a very small amount. That is, it is sufficient that a certain amount of unburned carbon (char) enters the bag filter. In the test, 9 g of about 0.3 g of char was injected per 1 Nm 3 of exhaust gas.
Dioxin collection efficiency of 5% or more was obtained .
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】本発明は、廃棄物の焼却施設で廃棄物に
石炭を混焼するか、あるいは混焼させて排ガスにそれよ
り発生した未燃カーボンを吹き込んだ後、バグフィルタ
ーで除塵することにより、ダイオキシン発生量を大巾に
抑制するものであり、設備の大巾な改変なく、有害微量
成分の発生を防止することができる。According to the present invention, waste is incinerated with coal at a waste incineration facility, or co- fired with waste to produce exhaust gas .
After blowing the unburned carbon generated Ri, by dust in bug filter <br/> chromatography, which suppress by a large margin the dioxin amount, without greatly modification of equipment, the harmful trace components Generation can be prevented.
【図１】バグフィルタによるダイオキシン除去率の差を
示すグラフである。FIG. 1 is a graph showing a difference in dioxin removal rate by a bag filter.
【図２】石炭添加率とダイオキシン添加率の関係を示す
グラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between a coal addition rate and a dioxin addition rate.
１：廃棄物石炭混焼（石炭添加率１７％） ２：廃棄物専焼（バグ前粉末活性炭添加） ３：廃棄物専焼 1: Combustion of waste coal (coal addition rate 17%) 2: Exhaustion of waste (addition of powdered activated carbon before bag) 3: Exhaustion of waste
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 溝口 行生 東京都大田区羽田旭町11番１号 株式会 社荏原製作所内 (56)参考文献 特開 平２−187512（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−224611（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭57−19011（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭63−23717（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭58−178327（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) F23G 5/00 B01D 53/34 B09B 3/00 F23G 7/00 F23J 15/00 - 15/08 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Yukio Mizoguchi 11-1 Haneda Asahimachi, Ota-ku, Tokyo Ebara Corporation (56) References JP-A-2-187512 (JP, A) JP-A Hei 3-224611 (JP, A) JP-A-57-19011 (JP, A) JP-A-63-23717 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-178327 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int) .Cl. 7 , DB name) F23G 5/00 B01D 53/34 B09B 3/00 F23G 7/00 F23J 15/00-15/08
Claims (2)
し、石炭を該廃棄物に対して重量比で５〜３０％添加し
て混焼させ、燃焼排ガス中に石炭の燃焼による未燃カー
ボンを含む微粒子を発生させて、該微粒子を含む燃焼排
ガスをバグフィルタを用いて除塵することを特徴とする
ダイオキシン発生の抑制方法。When incinerating municipal solid waste or industrial waste, coal is added to the waste in an amount of 5 to 30% by weight to cause co-firing, and the combustion exhaust gas contains unburned carbon due to coal combustion. A method for suppressing the generation of dioxins, comprising generating fine particles and removing dust from combustion exhaust gas containing the fine particles using a bag filter.
ボンの量は、０．０５ｇ／ＮｍThe amount of bon is 0.05 g / Nm ３3 以上であることを特徴It is characteristic that it is above
とする請求項１記載のダイオキシン発生の抑制方法。The method for suppressing the generation of dioxin according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03297492A JP3215143B2 (en) | 1992-01-24 | 1992-01-24 | Method of controlling dioxin generation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03297492A JP3215143B2 (en) | 1992-01-24 | 1992-01-24 | Method of controlling dioxin generation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05203127A JPH05203127A (en) | 1993-08-10 |
| JP3215143B2 true JP3215143B2 (en) | 2001-10-02 |
Family
ID=12373867
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03297492A Expired - Fee Related JP3215143B2 (en) | 1992-01-24 | 1992-01-24 | Method of controlling dioxin generation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3215143B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4646454B2 (en) * | 2001-07-23 | 2011-03-09 | 株式会社大紀アルミニウム工業所 | Method for removing dioxins in exhaust gas |
-
1992
- 1992-01-24 JP JP03297492A patent/JP3215143B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05203127A (en) | 1993-08-10 |
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