JP3212267B2 - Method and apparatus for manufacturing concave parts - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a concave component having a concave groove extending in a longitudinal direction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The prior art will be described by taking a slide block of a linear bearing, which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as an example of a concave part.

A linear bearing is used as a part of a rail device on a slide surface of a table saddle or a machining center of a machine tool, or on a transfer surface of a transfer device.

FIGS. 10 to 12 show an example of this linear bearing.

This linear bearing circulates in and out of the slide block 2 in the longitudinal direction of the slide block 2 while rolling in contact with the rail 1 while contacting the rail 1 with a slide block 2 slidably engaged with the rail 1. A plurality of balls 3, a ball retainer 4 for holding the balls 3 while preventing the balls 3 from coming into contact with each other, and end plates 5, 5 attached to both sides of the slide block 2 in the longitudinal direction. (Detailed structure is described in, for example,
5-72912).

The slide block 2 is formed of a steel material in a concave shape having a downward groove 6 which engages with the rail 1.

Here, the inner surfaces of the side walls 2a, 2a in the width direction are formed so as to be curved inward so that the width of the groove 6 becomes smaller on the opening side. By the combination, the position of the slide block 2 is fixed in the vertical direction with respect to the rail 1 (prevention of lifting).

A cover (usually made of plastic) 7 is attached to the slide block 2 along the inner and outer wall surfaces of the groove 6.

As shown in FIG. 11, cover locking grooves 8, 8 are provided on the outer surfaces of both side walls 2a, 2a in the width direction of the slide block 2 over the entire length in the length direction. Both ends are locked in the cover locking grooves 8, 8 to prevent the cover 7 from separating from the slide block 2 in the vertical direction.

The balls 3 are provided in two sets each on the left and right sides in a symmetrical arrangement, and one set of balls is provided through the bottom wall of the concave groove 6 and the slide block 2 in the length direction. And circulates across the tunnel-shaped ball holes 9, 9 provided.

On the other hand, another ball group circulates across the inner surface of the side wall of the concave groove 6 and the tunnel-shaped ball holes 10 provided in the cover 7 in the longitudinal direction.

In FIG. 10, reference numerals 11... Denote screw holes for attaching the linear bearing to a transported object. Further, in order to increase the mounting accuracy of the slide block 2 to the transported body, a band-shaped recess 12 is formed in the center of the back surface of the block 2 over the entire length in the length direction.

[0013]

Conventionally, the slide block 2 of this linear bearing is formed by a drawing method.

In this case, there is a possibility that the mold may be damaged at the time of processing the end edges of the left and right side walls 2a, 2a.
Even when using a relatively low-hardness ordinary steel material such as CM420, there is a problem that it is necessary to gradually increase the workability and the production cost is high.

On the other hand, recently, there has been an increasing demand to use hard steel materials, particularly SUS304, which is hard and has excellent corrosion resistance. Met.

For this reason, when high hardness is required, the hardness is supplemented by carburizing or the like after forming from ordinary steel, but this further increases the cost.

Therefore, forging may be used as a forming method instead of the drawing method. According to this forging method, processing is simpler and the yield is better than that of the drawing method, so that there are advantages such as lower cost.

Here, in the conventional forging method, a product having a concave groove is formed by pressing a work between upper and lower molds by a vertical press machine, and the product is vertically removed from the mold by an extrusion pin. I do.

However, in this case, the slide block 2
Since the opening side of the concave groove 6 is narrowed as described above,
After molding, the molded product cannot be removed from the mold.

For this reason, the slide block 2 cannot be actually manufactured by the forging method.
At present, there is no hard steel slide block.

It is also possible to adopt a method in which the steps before the inner surfaces of the side walls 2a, 2a are curved inward are performed by forging, and the primary product is cut to obtain a product having the curved inner surface of the side wall. However, the cost is too high and the advantage of using the forging method cannot be utilized.

Further, such a problem is caused by the above-described concave groove 6.
This is not limited to a slide block in which the inner surfaces of both side walls are curved, but also a slide block having a protruding edge protruding inward at an end on the opening side, or a slide block having ball grooves on the inner surfaces of both side walls. In addition to the slide block, the same applies to all concave parts provided with a concave groove and the width dimension of the concave groove decreases on the opening side.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a concave part in which the width dimension of the concave groove such as the slide block of the linear bearing described above can be consistently manufactured by a forging method such that the width dimension of the groove decreases on the opening side. And the same device.

The present invention also provides a concave part which can exert a function of preventing a cover, which is attached to a slide block, in a linear bearing, for example, in a longitudinal direction, by the shape of the slide block itself.

[0025]

The invention (manufacturing method) according to claim 1 is a method of manufacturing a concave component for manufacturing a concave component having a concave groove, the width of which is reduced on the opening side. The workpiece is preliminarily added to the cross-sectional concave shape having the original shape groove before the width dimension of the groove is reduced on the opening side by forging.
And Engineering, after the preliminary processing, the concave cross section of the molded article, the width dimension by forging is formed into a predetermined cross-section concave with a small groove at the opening side, the predetermined cross-section concave, concave groove width
Bending the molded product so that the dimensions become smaller on the opening side
Primary processing and molded products bent by this primary processing
And secondary processing in which forging pressure is applied from the outside in the groove width direction
Therefore, while forming, from the above-mentioned primary processing to secondary processing
When moving, change the opening direction of the groove from vertical to horizontal.
In the above-mentioned primary and secondary processing,
By moving the product in the length direction of the groove,
From which the molded product is extracted .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the method of manufacturing a concave part according to the first aspect, before the preliminary processing , a cylindrical body having a drum-shaped convex curved surface is formed by upsetting forging of a cylindrical workpiece. In the preliminary processing and the forming step, the convex curved surface is processed so as to be left on the end surfaces of both side walls in the width direction of the molded product.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus (production apparatus) for producing a concave component having a concave groove, the width of which is reduced on the opening side, wherein the work is formed by forging. Preliminary processing means for forming a cross-sectional concave shape having a groove of the original shape before the width dimension is reduced on the opening side, and after the preliminary processing by this preliminary processing means, the molded article is forged to have a width dimension on the opening side by forging. comprising a forming unit for processing a predetermined concave cross section having a smaller groove, the said molding means, concave
The molded product is bent so that the width of the groove becomes smaller on the opening side.
The primary processing mold to be worked and the primary processing mold
Forging from the outside of the groove in the width direction of the groove further to the bent molded product
The secondary processing mold that applies pressure, and each of these molds
The processed molded product is constrained by the mold
From the mold and pull it away from the mold
The molded product transfer means and the separated molded product
And a molded product taking-out means .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the third aspect , prior to the preliminary machining by the preliminary machining means, the cylindrical body having a drum-shaped convex curved surface formed by upsetting forging of the cylindrical workpiece. And the pre-processing means and the forming means are configured to work in a state where the above-mentioned convex curved surface is left on the end faces of both side walls in the width direction of the molded product.

According to the method and the apparatus according to the first to fourth aspects, in the forming step of processing by forging such that the width dimension of the concave groove is reduced on the opening side, the molded article after the molding is subjected to the concave groove length. After being removed from the mold by moving in the vertical direction, it is possible to take out the molded product while taking a forging method.

That is, a concave part in which the width dimension of the concave groove decreases on the opening side can be consistently manufactured by forging.

Also, for example, in a slide block of a linear bearing, after a bending process such that the width dimension of the concave groove becomes smaller on the opening side, a cover retaining groove for preventing the cover from falling in the vertical direction (reference numeral 8 in FIG. 10). ) Can be formed on the outer surfaces of the left and right side walls by using a vertical press generally used for forging.

That is, the bending and the grooving in which the pressing directions are different by 90 ° can be performed only by the forging method without using separate processing methods.

Furthermore, according to the method of the second aspect and the apparatus of the fourth aspect , the convex curved surface naturally formed by the upsetting forging before the pre-processing is formed, for example, in the slide block of the linear bearing in the longitudinal direction of the cover. Demonstrate the stopping function.

[0034]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In this embodiment, according to the conventional explanation,
The slide block of the linear bearing is taken as an example of the concave part to be applied.

FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (d) show a preliminary processing step of processing the work W1 into a concave cross section having the original groove 6 before the width dimension is reduced on the opening side by forging. ing.

First, the round bar is cut into a predetermined length (a).
A work W1 having a columnar shape as shown in FIG.

As a result, as shown in FIG.
A cylindrical body W whose diameter is enlarged and length is reduced with respect to 1.
2 is produced.

At this time, as shown in the drawing, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body W2 expands like a drum due to the upsetting pressure, and a convex curved surface 13 which is inclined upward toward the middle portion in the longitudinal direction is formed.

Next, as shown in (c), the columnar body W2 is deformed into a flat rectangular section by square upsetting to form a plate-like body W3, and further, the concave forming which is the final forging step of the preliminary processing step. As a result, as shown in (d), an original block material W4 having a concave section and having a concave groove 6 is produced, and the original block material W4 is transferred to a molding step.

The outer peripheral convex surface 13 formed by the cylindrical upsetting process shown in FIG. 1B is left on both side surfaces in the width direction of the plate-like body W3 after the square upsetting process shown in FIG.
After the concave processing shown in (d), it is left on the distal end surfaces of both side walls 2a, 2a in the width direction of the original block material W4.

The forming process is divided into a primary working stage shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 and a secondary working stage shown in FIGS. 6 to 8.

Primary processing stage In FIGS. 2 to 5, reference numeral 14 denotes a fixed die, and FIG.
The original block material W4 is put into the die 14 with the concave groove 6 facing downward, and is supported by the extrusion pins 15 from below.

As shown in FIG. 2, the raw block material W4 is supplied one by one from a transport chute (not shown) to the side position of the die 14 in a vertically stacked state, and is fed to a feed cylinder (hydraulic pressure) as means for transferring molded articles. By a cylinder or air cylinder (16), the material is fed to the forging position A (shown in FIG. 5) which is fitted into the die 14 and supported by the push pin 15.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a guide rail for guiding the original block material W4 to the forging position A.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a punch attached to the movable die side opposite to the extrusion pin 15, and the punch 18 and the extrusion pin 15 compress the original block material W4 in the axial direction as shown in FIG. Both side walls 2a of the original block material W4,
By bending the inner surface of 2a inward, the width dimension of the concave groove 6 becomes smaller on the opening side, and a slide block primary product W5 as a molded product having the concave portion 12 in the center of the back surface is obtained.

Next, as shown in FIG.
5 is extruded out of the die 14 by the extrusion pin 15 and then discharged.

Here, unlike the conventional forging method, the primary product W5 is restrained in the vertical direction with respect to the extrusion pin 15 and is drawn upward from the forging position, unlike the conventional forging method. Can not do.

Therefore, after extruding the primary product W5 out of the die 14 as shown in FIG. 4, the feed cylinder 16 shown in FIGS.
By sending the next raw block material W4 to the forging position,
The primary product W5 is pushed out in the length direction by the original block material W4, pulled out from the extrusion pin 15, and moved to the take-out position B beside the forging position.

2 and 5, reference numeral 19 denotes a stopper for stopping the primary product W5 at the take-out position B.

In front of the take-out position B, a take-out cylinder (hydraulic cylinder or air cylinder) 20 as a molded product take-out means is provided in a direction orthogonal to the feed cylinder 16. The product W5 is kicked out in the width direction.

Secondary Processing Step The primary product W5 obtained in the primary processing step is sent to the secondary processing section shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, and the cover engaging grooves 8, 8 are formed in the outer surfaces of both side walls 2a, 2a. Is formed into a secondary product W6.

In this case, since the molding die is arranged and driven in the vertical direction, the orientation of the primary product W5 is changed by 90 ° so that the outer surface of the side wall, which is the surface to be processed, is positioned vertically.

That is, the primary product W5 is supplied to the side of the mold by a transport chute (not shown) with the concave groove 6 facing forward as shown in FIG.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a fixed die, which is a primary product W5.
Is guided to the forging position by a guide rail 23 and a guide plate 24 by a feed cylinder 22, and fitted into a core metal 25 provided on the movable mold side to form a die 21.
It is taken in (molding position).

At this molding position, the primary product W5 is sandwiched between the lower punch 26 on the movable die side and the upper punch 27 on the fixed die side as shown in FIG. . Thus, the cover locking grooves 8, 8 are formed on the outer surfaces of both side walls 2a, 2a, and the secondary product W6 is obtained.

The secondary product W6 is pushed out of the die 21 by the cored bar 25 as shown in FIG.

Also in this case, as in the case of the primary working, the secondary product W6 is restrained in the vertical direction with respect to the metal core 25, and cannot be pulled out from the forging position.

Then, the secondary product W6 pushed out of the die 21 is pushed out in the longitudinal direction by the next primary product W5 supplied to the forging position by the feed cylinder 22, and is pulled out from the cored bar 25, and the side of the forging position is removed. To the take-out position.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 28 denotes a stopper for stopping the secondary product W6 at this take-out position.

Thereafter, the secondary product W6 is kicked out by the take-out cylinder 29 provided in the direction perpendicular to the feed cylinder 22 in front of the take-out position.

As described above, the primary and secondary products W5 and W6
After forging, is moved in the longitudinal direction from a forging position restrained in the vertical direction by a mold (the extrusion pin 15 in the primary working stage, the core metal 25 in the secondary working stage), and is taken out of the mold and then taken out. In other words, by adopting a product take-out method which is not included in the conventional forging method, it is possible to form a slide block by forging.

The secondary product W6 is thereafter subjected to finishing such as chamfering at both ends in the longitudinal direction and rounding as finishing, and becomes a final product (slide block) 2 shown in FIG.

The convex curved surface 13 formed by the cylindrical upsetting process shown in FIG. 1B is left on the end surfaces of both side walls 2a, 2a in the final product, and the cover 7 shown in FIGS. With the convex surface 13 attached to the cover 7
Demonstrates the function of retaining in the length direction. That is, the retaining means in the length direction of the cover 7 is naturally added by forging without extra processing such as cutting.

In the above embodiment, the products (primary, primary) moved to the take-out position in the primary and secondary machining stages
Secondary products) W5 and W6 are taken out and kicked out by the cylinders 20 and 29. Instead of this means,
The products W5 and W6 that have been moved to the removal position may be grasped by the robot arm and taken out.

The present invention can be applied not only to the slide block of the linear bearing described above, but also to various concave parts having a concave groove, and the width of the concave groove is reduced on the opening side.

Further, the shape of the concave groove is not limited to the shape in which both side surfaces are curved inward as in the above slide block.
Both sides may have a dovetail shape that is inclined linearly. Alternatively, the present invention is also applicable to a slide block having an inwardly protruding edge at an end on the opening side or a slide block having ball grooves on both side surfaces.

[0068]

As described above, according to the method and the apparatus according to the first to fourth aspects, in the forming step of processing the work by forging such that the width dimension of the concave groove becomes smaller on the opening side,
After the molded workpiece is moved in the length direction of the concave groove and removed from the molding die, the molded product can be removed while taking a forging method.

That is, a concave part in which the width dimension of the concave groove decreases on the opening side can be consistently manufactured by forging.

For this reason, if it is possible to forge, there is no limitation on the component material, and a concave component using a hard metal material such as SUS304, which has not existed conventionally, can be manufactured.

Also, for example, in a slide block of a linear bearing, after bending processing such that the width dimension of the concave groove becomes smaller on the opening side, cover locking grooves for retaining the cover in the vertical direction of the cover are formed on the outer surfaces of the left and right side walls. In the case of forming into a groove, this groove processing can be performed using a vertical press machine generally used for forging.

That is, the above-mentioned bending and grooving in which the pressing directions are different by 90 ° can be performed only by the forging, without using a separate processing method (for example, the bending is a forging and the groove is a cutting). .

Further, according to the method of the second aspect and the apparatus of the fourth aspect , the convex curved surface naturally formed by the upsetting forging before the pre-processing is formed, for example, in the slide block of the linear bearing in the longitudinal direction of the cover. Demonstrate the stopping function.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1 (a), 1 (b), 1 (c), and 4 (d) are perspective views showing a process of processing from a cylindrical body to a concave body by a forging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a mold used in a primary processing step of inwardly bending a concave groove of the concave part in a molding process in the embodiment, and a peripheral mechanism thereof.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a primary processing stage using the mold of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a state where the work is pushed out of a mold after the processing of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of the state of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a mold used in a secondary machining step of forming a groove on both side walls of the concave part in the molding process according to the embodiment, and a peripheral mechanism thereof.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a secondary processing step using the mold of FIG. 6;

8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the work is pushed out of the mold after the processing of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a slide block of the manufactured linear bearing.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a known linear bearing.

FIG. 11 is a side sectional view of the bearing.

FIG. 12 is a half sectional front view of the bearing.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Slide block of linear bearing as concave part 6 Concave groove of slide block 2a, 2a Both side walls of same block 7 Cover attached to slide block 8 Cover locking groove for retaining cover W1 Columnar workpiece W2 Columnar body W3 Plate Form body W4 Original block material W5 Primary product (molded product) W6 Secondary product (molded product) 13 Convex curved surface 14 Die as molding die used in primary processing stage of molding process 15 Extruding pin 16 Molded product transfer means A feed cylinder 20 a take-out cylinder 21 as a molded product take-out means 21 a die as a molding die used in the secondary processing stage of the molding process 25 a concentric metal 26 a lower punch 27 an upper punch 22 as a molded product transfer means Feed cylinder 29 Take-out cylinder as molded product take-out means

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ⁷ Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI F16C 29/06 F16C 29/06 (56) References JP-A-3-32439 (JP, A) JP-A-59-4937 (JP) , A) Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-54221 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B21K 1/04 B21J 5 / 02,5 / 08 B21J 5 / 12,13 / 14

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of manufacturing a concave part having a groove, the width of which is reduced on the opening side, wherein the width of the groove is reduced by forging a work. Preliminary processing into a concave cross section with an original shape groove before becoming smaller by
And, after the preliminary processing, the concave cross section of the molded article, the width dimension by forging is formed into a predetermined cross-section concave with a small groove at the opening side, the predetermined concave cross section, the groove width Dimensions are small on the opening side
The primary processing of bending the molded product so that it becomes
Is it more outward in the groove width direction than the molded product that is bent by processing?
Forming by secondary processing applying forging pressure
During the transition from the primary processing to the secondary processing,
Perform forging changed to the left-right direction directions in the vertical direction, in the primary and secondary processing, the molded article its groove length
The molded product from the mold by moving
Concave parts manufacturing method, characterized in that that. 2. A method for producing a concave part according to claim 1 wherein, prior to pre-processing, by forming a cylindrical body circumferential surface by forging upsetting of the cylindrical workpiece reaches a drum-shaped convex surface, pre
A method of manufacturing a concave part, characterized in that in the preparatory processing and the forming step, the convex curved surface is processed so as to remain on the end surfaces of both side walls in the width direction of the molded product. 3. An apparatus for manufacturing a concave part having a concave groove, wherein the width dimension of the concave groove is reduced on the opening side, wherein the workpiece is forged by a forging to reduce the width dimension on the opening side. A pre-processing means for forming into a concave cross section having a concave groove of the original shape, and after the pre-processing by this pre-processing means,
Forming means for processing into a predetermined cross-sectional concave shape having a concave groove whose width dimension is reduced on the opening side by forging , wherein the width dimension of the concave groove is reduced on the opening side.
The primary processing mold that bends the molded product
Grooves are further formed in the molded product bent by the processing mold
A secondary working mold that applies forging pressure from the outside in the width direction
Molded article which is processed I'm in each mold, depending on the mold
And move it in the groove length direction from
Molded article transfer means for separating from the molding die of
A molded product take-out means for taking the molded product out of the mold
An apparatus for manufacturing a concave part, comprising: 4. A concave part manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the cylindrical body having a drum-shaped convex curved surface is formed by upsetting forging of the cylindrical work before the preliminary processing by the preliminary processing means. An apparatus for manufacturing a concave part, comprising upsetting means, wherein the preliminary processing means and the forming means are configured to work in a state where the convex curved surface is left on the end faces of both side walls in the width direction of the molded product. .