JP3202838U - Catalytic converter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a catalytic converter that solves the problems caused by reducing exhaust emission by adsorption. A first housing 10, a first honeycomb carrier 20 disposed in the first housing 10, a plurality of second housings 40 connected to the first housing 10, a second A plurality of second honeycomb carriers 50 are disposed in the housing 40, respectively. The first honeycomb carrier 20 has a plurality of first metal sheets and a first catalyst layer, and the first metal sheets are arranged in the first housing 10 to form a plurality of first channels. The first catalyst layer is formed on the first metal sheet. Each of the second honeycomb carriers 50 has a structure similar to that of the first honeycomb carrier 20. Examples of the material for the first and second catalyst layers include platinum, palladium, and rhodium. The exhaust gas is subjected to an oxidation-reduction reaction in the first and second catalyst layers, and is baked at a high temperature to reduce the amount of harmful components discharged from the diesel engine. [Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a catalytic converter, and more particularly to a catalytic converter for a diesel engine.

  An engine is a common modern power unit for various vehicles such as generators, aircraft, automobiles, motorcycles and the like. As an example, for a diesel vehicle, the diesel engine is the power source. Diesel fuel is burned in a diesel engine, generates heat and gas, and powers a diesel vehicle.

  When incomplete combustion of diesel fuel occurs, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and suspended particulate matter with a particle size of less than 2.5 μm are released. The exhaust gases of these compositions cause poor visibility, an atmospheric environment, create an unpleasant odor, and pose a threat to the human respiratory system. In addition, prolonged exposure to exhaust gases increases the incidence of allergies, asthma and emphysema.

  In order to mitigate the problems caused by incomplete combustion, a particulate filter is installed between the diesel engine and the exhaust pipe. The components of the exhaust gas are adsorbed by a filter for reducing exhaust gas emission. However, much of the ash accumulates on the filter until after a certain period. If the accumulated ash dust is not cleaned, exhaust emissions are cut off, resulting in reduced engine efficiency and increased diesel engine fuel consumption.

  In order to eliminate the disadvantages resulting from reducing exhaust emissions by adsorption, the present invention provides a catalytic converter to reduce or avoid the aforementioned problems.

  The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems by reducing the emission amount of harmful components in the exhaust gas by catalyzing and burning the exhaust gas at a high temperature of 450 ° C. or higher.

  The present invention provides a catalytic converter, and includes a first casing, a first honeycomb carrier disposed in the first casing, and a plurality of second casings connected to the first casing. A housing and a plurality of second honeycomb carriers respectively disposed in the second housing. The first honeycomb carrier has a plurality of first metal sheets and a first catalyst layer. The first metal sheet is disposed in the first housing and connected to each other to form a plurality of first channels in the first housing, and the first catalyst layer is formed on the surface of the first metal sheet. Is done. Each of the second honeycomb carriers has a plurality of second metal sheets and a second catalyst layer. The second metal sheet is disposed in the corresponding second casing and connected to each other to form a plurality of second channels in the corresponding second casing, and the second catalyst layer is provided in each second casing. It is formed on the surface of a metal sheet. Examples of materials for the first catalyst layer and the second catalyst layer include platinum, palladium, and rhodium.

  When a catalytic converter is used in a diesel engine, all catalyst layers can catalyze exhaust gas redox reactions to reduce the amount of harmful components contained in the exhaust gas from the diesel engine.

  Preferably, the cell density of the first honeycomb carrier is lower than each of the second honeycomb carriers.

Preferably, the cell density of the first honeycomb carrier is in the range of 200 cells / in ² (square inch) to 300 cells / in ² , and the cell density of each of the second honeycomb carriers is 600 cells / in ^{2 to} 800. Cell / in ² range. Due to the cell density of the first honeycomb carrier and the second honeycomb carrier, the first honeycomb carrier does not generate back pressure in the diesel engine and therefore does not affect the exhaust emission.

  Preferably, rhodium is present more than platinum or palladium in the element content of the first catalyst layer.

  Preferably, palladium is present more than platinum or rhodium in the content of elements in the second catalyst layer.

  Preferably, the first metal sheet uses iron-chromium-aluminum alloy foil and brazing material as the basic structure, and the second metal sheet as iron-chromium-aluminum alloy foil and brazing material as the basic structure. Use nickel foil.

  Preferably, the first honeycomb carrier has a first hollow cylinder arranged in the first housing, and the first metal sheet is arranged in the first hollow cylinder and connected to each other to form the first hollow cylinder. A first channel is formed in the hollow cylinder. Each of the second honeycomb carriers has a second hollow cylinder disposed in the corresponding second housing, and each second metal sheet of the second honeycomb carrier is in the corresponding second hollow cylinder. And connected together to form a second channel in each of the second hollow cylinders.

  Preferably, the first casing and the second casing are connected to each other via the first connecting pipe.

  Preferably, the number of second housings corresponds to the number of second honeycomb carriers, which is an even number, for example two, four or six, but is not limited thereto is not. The number of second housings or second honeycomb carriers can be changed according to the horsepower of the diesel vehicle.

  Other objects, advantages and novel features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a catalytic converter according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the first honeycomb carrier in the catalytic converter according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a catalytic converter according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a catalytic converter connected to a diesel engine and an exhaust pipe.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a catalytic converter according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  A representative example of a catalytic converter according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. The catalytic converter 1 includes a first casing 10, a first honeycomb carrier 20, a first connection pipe 30, two second casings 40, two second honeycomb carriers 50 and a second connection. It has a tube 60.

  Referring to FIG. 1, the first housing 10 has an upper opening 11 and a lower opening opposite to the upper opening 11. The upper opening 11 is connected to the lower opening.

2 and 3, the first honeycomb carrier 20 is disposed in the first housing 10, and includes a first hollow cylinder 21, a plurality of first metal sheets 22, and a first catalyst. And a layer (not shown). The first hollow cylinder 21 is disposed in the first housing 10 and is made of stainless steel (SUS # 430). The first metal sheet 22 uses iron-chromium-aluminum alloy foil as a basic structure and nickel foil as a brazing material, and is disposed in the first hollow cylinder 21 and connected to each other in the first hollow cylinder 21. A plurality of first channels 23 are formed. The first channel 23 communicates with the upper opening 11 and the lower opening of the first housing 10. The first honeycomb carrier 20 has a cell density of 300 cells / in ² (square inch). The first catalyst layer is applied to the surface of the first metal sheet 22 and is formed from platinum, palladium, and rhodium, and the amount of rhodium is larger than that of platinum or palladium. In particular, the ratio of the amounts of platinum, palladium and rhodium is 2: 5: 1.

  Referring to FIG. 1, the first connecting pipe 30 is a pipe having a double outlet, and has an inlet and two outlets, both outlets being in communication with the inlet. The inlet of the first connection pipe 30 is tightly welded to the lower opening of the first housing 10, so that the first connection pipe 30 communicates with the upper opening 11 and the first channel 23 of the first honeycomb carrier 20. doing.

  Referring to FIG. 1, one of the second casings 40 is tightly welded to one of the outlets of the first connection pipe 30, and the other of the second casings 40 is the other of the first connection pipes 30. It is tightly welded to the outlet. With this configuration, the first housing 10 communicates with both of the second housings 40.

Referring to FIG. 3, the second honeycomb carrier 50 is disposed in the second casing 40. The structure of each second honeycomb carrier 50 is the same as that of the first honeycomb carrier 20 shown in FIG. That is, each of the second honeycomb carriers 50 includes a second hollow cylinder, a plurality of second metal sheets, and a second catalyst layer. The second hollow cylinders are respectively disposed in the second housing 40, and both are made of stainless steel (SUS # 430). Similarly, the second metal sheet uses iron-chromium-aluminum alloy foil as the basic structure and nickel foil as the brazing material. Each second metal sheet of the second honeycomb carrier 50 is disposed in its corresponding second hollow cylinder and connected to each other to form a second channel in its corresponding second housing 40. The second channel of the second honeycomb carrier 50 communicates with the first channel 23 of the first honeycomb carrier 20 disposed in the first housing 10 via the first connection pipe 30. The second honeycomb carrier 50 has a cell density of 800 cells / in ² (square inch).

  The second catalyst layer is applied to the surface of the second metal sheet and is further composed of platinum, palladium and rhodium, and the amount of palladium is greater than that of platinum or rhodium. In particular, the ratio of the amounts of platinum, palladium and rhodium is 1: 35: 1.

  Referring to FIG. 1, the second connecting pipe 60 is a pipe having a double inlet, has two inlets and one outlet, and the outlet communicates with the inlet. The inlet of the second connection pipe 60 is tightly welded to the opening of the second casing 40 on the opposite side of the first connecting pipe 30, so that the second connection pipe 60 is connected to the second casing 40, The first connection pipe 30 and the first casing 10 communicate with each other.

  Referring to FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the catalytic converter 1 is connected to the diesel engine 80 through the upper opening 11, and the outlet of the second connection pipe 60 is connected to the exhaust pipe 90. When the diesel engine 80 is operating insufficiently to completely burn diesel fuel with oxygen gas, the exhaust gas discharged from the diesel engine 80 passes through the upper opening 11 into the first housing 10. The first channel 23 of the first honeycomb carrier 20, the first connecting pipe 30, the second channel of the second honeycomb carrier 50 and the second connecting pipe 60 are sequentially and finally exhausted. It passes through 90 and is finally dissipated into the air.

  When the exhaust gas passes through the first channel 23 of the first honeycomb carrier 20, the first catalyst layer containing more rhodium catalyzes the redox reaction of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides. Causes action. Due to the high temperature state generated from the diesel engine 80, the temperature rises to 450 ° C. or higher in the first honeycomb carrier 20, and the exhaust gas passing through the first honeycomb carrier 20 is recombusted and reacted in the first catalyst layer, and the particle size The exhaust gas thus combusted passes through the second housing 40 via the first connecting pipe 30.

  When the exhaust gas after combustion still contains an oversized particulate material that cannot pass through the second channel of the second honeycomb carrier 50, the oversized particulate material is contained in the first connecting pipe 30. And repeatedly burned under high temperature conditions until their size is reduced to the desired size. When the burned exhaust gas passes through the second channel of the second honeycomb carrier 50, the second catalyst layer containing more palladium promotes combustion and completes the particulate matter in the second channel. Bring about burning.

  Due to the effect of the catalytic converter 1, harmful components contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the diesel engine 80 are changed into harmless components such as nitrogen gas, oxygen gas, carbon dioxide and water, and then discharged from the exhaust pipe 90. Therefore, the problem of air pollution is solved.

  Since the cell density of the first honeycomb carrier 20 is lower than that of the second honeycomb carrier 40, the back pressure is important in the region between the first honeycomb carrier 20 and the diesel engine 80 that prevents exhaust gas emission. It is not a thing.

  While several features and advantages of the invention have been described in the foregoing description, together with details of the structure and features of the invention, this disclosure is merely exemplary. Such modifications can be carried out in detail within the principles of the invention over the full range indicated by the broad general meaning of the terms expressed in the claims of the utility model, particularly in the matter of part shape, size and arrangement.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Catalytic converter 10 ... 1st housing | casing 20 ... 1st honeycomb carrier 30 ... 1st connection pipe 40 ... 2nd housing | casing 50 ... 2nd honeycomb Carrier 60 ... second connecting pipe 11 ... upper opening 21 ... first hollow cylinder 22 ... first metal sheet 23 ... first channel 80 ... diesel engine 90 ··Exhaust pipe

Claims (7)

A first housing;
A first honeycomb carrier having a plurality of first metal sheets and a first catalyst layer, wherein the first metal sheets are arranged in the first casing and connected to each other to connect the first casing. Forming a plurality of first channels in the body, wherein the first catalyst layer is formed on a surface of the first metal sheet, and the material of the first catalyst layer contains platinum, palladium and rhodium;
A plurality of second housings connected to the first housing;
A plurality of second honeycomb carriers respectively disposed in the second casing, each of the second honeycomb carriers having a plurality of second metal sheets and a second catalyst layer, The two metal sheets are disposed in the second casing and connected to each other to form a plurality of second channels in the corresponding second casing, and the second catalyst layer is the second metal A catalytic converter formed on the surface of a sheet, wherein the material of the second catalyst layer contains platinum, palladium and rhodium.   The catalytic converter according to claim 1, wherein the cell density of the first honeycomb carrier is lower than the cell density of each of the second honeycomb carriers. The cell density of the first honeycomb carrier is in the range of 200 cells to 300 cells / in ² , and the cell density of each of the second honeycomb carriers is in the range of 600 cells to 800 cells / in ^2. The catalytic converter according to claim 2.   4. The catalytic converter according to claim 1, wherein an amount of rhodium in the first catalyst layer is larger than that of platinum or palladium in the first catalyst layer. 5.   The catalytic converter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the amount of palladium in each of the second catalyst layers is greater than that of platinum or rhodium in each of the second catalyst layers. .   The first honeycomb carrier has a first hollow cylinder arranged in the first housing, and the first metal sheet is arranged in the first hollow cylinder and connected to each other to form the first hollow cylinder. A first channel is formed in one hollow cylinder, and each of the second honeycomb carriers has a second hollow cylinder disposed in the second housing, and each of the second honeycomb carriers is The second metal sheet is disposed in the corresponding second hollow cylinder and connected to each other to form the second channel in each of the second hollow cylinders. Item 6. The catalytic converter according to any one of Items 5.   The catalytic converter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first casing is connected to the second casing by a first connecting pipe.

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