JP3201713B2 - Wood cement board and forming equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wood cement board and a forming apparatus used for forming a raw material mat in a process of manufacturing the wood cement board.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional wood cement board is formed by forming a mat by spraying a raw material mixture mainly composed of a wood reinforcing material and cement on a formwork, adding an appropriate amount of water to the mat, and hardening by pressing. It is manufactured by a dry method or a semi-dry method in which an appropriate amount of water is added to the raw material mixture and the mixture is sprayed on a mold to form a mat and the mat is cured by pressing and curing. In the dry method or the semi-dry method, the wood reinforcing material is randomly present in the product.

[0003]

In a wood cement board, wood reinforcement is used to reinforce a product.
Among the wood reinforcing materials, the wood pieces have little entanglement with each other, so that the reinforcing effect is not so great. Therefore, in the conventional wood cement board in which the wood reinforcing material having little entanglement such as a piece of wood is present at random, the cured product is broken when the cured product after the pressing and curing is released from the template, and the yield is low. There was a problem that it decreased.

[0004]

According to the present invention, as a means for solving the above-mentioned conventional problems, a hardened material of a mixture mainly composed of a wood reinforcing material and a cement-based hydraulic material is used. In (A), the wood reinforcing material in the cured product is randomly present, and in the core layer (43A), the wood reinforcing material in the cured product is oriented at an angle of 0 to 20 ° with respect to a predetermined direction. The present invention provides a wood cement board (40A), and it is desirable that only the actually processed portions (44, 45) of the core layer (43A) have a wood reinforcing material present at random. Further, a wood reinforcing material orienting device (14) is arranged below the raw material spraying device (10), and a template (8) is arranged immediately below the wood reinforcing material orienting device (14). 14) provides a forming device for a wood cement board comprising a plurality of vertically oriented comb-like oriented plates (15), and the oriented plate (15) is vibrated by a vibrator (17). Preferably, the orientation plate (15) can be adjusted in the vertical position, and the orientation plate (15) is desirably adjustable in the left-right angle.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, materials used as raw materials for a wood cement board are mainly a cement-based hydraulic material and a wood reinforcing material. The cement-based hydraulic material is, for example, Portland cement, or blast furnace cement in which blast furnace slag is mixed with Portland cement, fly ash cement in which fly ash is mixed, volcanic ash, silica fume, silica cement in which a silica substance such as clay is mixed, alumina cement, Blast furnace slag and the like. Examples of the wood reinforcing material include wood chips, wood flour, wood wool, wood fiber, wood pulp, wood fiber bundle, and the like. Preferred wood reinforcing materials include wood chips having a width of 0.5 to 2.0 mm, a length of 1 to 20 mm, and an aspect ratio (length / thickness) of 20 to 30. In addition to the above materials, for example, perlite, shirasu balloon, expanded shale, expanded clay, calcined diatomaceous earth, fly ash, coal gala, aggregates such as inorganic foams such as crushed foam concrete, cement hardening accelerator, waterproofing agent, A water repellent or the like may be added.
The mixture of the above materials (raw material mixture) usually contains about 20 to 30% by weight of the wood reinforcing material.

FIG. 1 shows a forming apparatus for a wood cement board. Surface layer raw material mixture M ₁ is In the dry method the orゝ, in the semi-dry method the moisture content of 2 by the addition of water
Surface layer forming device after adjusting to 0-40% by weight
The roller type spraying device which is supplied onto the raw material supply conveyor (2) of (1) and is arranged at the end of the raw material supply conveyor (2)
Crushed by (3) and forming chamber (4)
Sprinkled inside. The raw material mixture M ₁ is the main blower
Air is classified by the air blow from (5), deposited on the template (8) placed on the main conveyor (7) via the sieve frame (6) and conveyed in the direction of the arrow, and deposited on the surface mat (41). ) Is formed. In the surface mat (41), fine raw materials are present on the lower side (surface side) and coarse raw materials are present on the upper side by the above-mentioned air selection, but the blowing by the main blower (5) is performed by a template. Although the conveyance is performed in the reverse direction, the surface forming apparatus (1) is further provided with a sub-blower (9), and the sub-blower (9) blows air in the template conveying direction. What would be a template
(8) The surface has an uneven pattern, and the main blower (5)
Only supplying air by is because the mold plate (8) blowing direction of the convex portion of the concavo-convex pattern of the raw material mixture M ₁ to this portion become a blind spot of deposition is inhibited.

[0007] The surface mat (41) formed on the template (8) as described above is then subjected to a core layer forming apparatus.
Introduced in (10). Core layer forming device (10) raw material supply conveyor (11) a core layer material mixture M ₂ supplied onto the in is sprayed Yabukatamari to and forming a chamber (13) in the roller-type spraying apparatus (12) You. In this case the core layer material mixture M ₂ is deposited on the surface layer mat (41) on passing through the alignment device (14) a core layer mat (43) is forming.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the orienting device (14) includes a plurality of orienting plates (15) vertically arranged in a comb-like shape along a template (8) conveying direction (longitudinal direction). ), A frame (16) supporting the element (15A) of the orientation plate (15), and a rotary vibrator (17) attached to the frame (16). A gap (18) is provided at the center in the width direction of the element (15A) of (15) as an actual formed portion of the product, and is further provided on both sides of the element (15A) of the alignment plate (15) in the width direction. A gap (20, 20) is provided by a spacer (19) as an actual formed part of the product.Orientation angle adjusting bolts (21, 21) are screwed through the orientation plate (15) from the left and right at the ends. I have. The orientation plate (15) is shaped so that its upper side is lower toward the template transport direction.

The orientation device (14) is a forming chamber.
At the four corners of the frame (16) of the orientation device (14) are suspended at four corners from the ceiling of (13) by hanging rods (23) with a spring mechanism (22) interposed. Engagement ring bolt (24)
And the engaging ring bolt (24) and the nut (25)
The vertical position of the orientation device (14) can be adjusted depending on the degree of screwing.

[0010] In the core layer forming apparatus (10),
The vibrator (17) passes through the frame (16) through the orientation plate (1).
The element (15A) of 5) is vibrated. And the spraying device (1
2) by falling deposited on the surface layer mat (41) passes between the orientation plate of the raw material mixture M _2, which is sprayed in the alignment device (14) (15) to the forming chamber (13). While the raw material mixture M ₂ passes between the orientation plates (15), the raw material mixture M ₂
Wood reinforcement contained in ₂ is oriented in the mold plate conveyance direction (longitudinal direction), since the alignment plate (15) has been vibrated, the raw material mixture M ₂ in the alignment plate (15) It falls smoothly without being caught.

[0011] alignment plate (15) shown in FIG. 4 the gap width d between is one that significantly affects the orientation ratio of wood reinforcement, d is too small it becomes the raw material mixture smooth dropping of M ₂ on both sides of the alignment plate (15) makes it easy to interfere, and if d becomes too large, the orientation ratio becomes worse. Therefore, d is preferably set to 1.5 to 2.5 times the width of the wood reinforcement. Further, the gap t between the lower edge of the alignment plate (15) and the formed core layer mat (43) shown in FIG. 5 also greatly affects the orientation ratio of the wood reinforcing material. The wooden reinforcement is likely to be in a random state again while falling. Therefore, it is desirable that t is as small as possible, so that the lower edge of the alignment plate 15 does not contact the mat.

After forming the core layer mat (43) on the surface layer mat (41) as described above, the template (8) is further introduced into the back layer forming apparatus (26). In backing layer forming device (26), the back layer material mixture M ₃ are the same mixture between the surface layer raw material mixture M _1, is Yabukatamari from the raw material supply conveyor (27) by a roller-type spraying apparatus (28) and Sprayed in the forming chamber (29), the main blower
The template (8) from (30) is air-classified by blowing in the transport direction, and is deposited on the core layer mat (43) on the template (8) through the sieve frame (31) and is deposited on the back layer mat ( 42) is formed. At this time, reverse blowing from the sub-blower (32) is performed in the same manner as the forming of the surface mat (41). And the back layer mat
In (42), the crude material is present on the lower side due to the air classification, and the finer material is present on the upper side (back side).

In this way, a mat (40) having a three-layer structure composed of the front and back layer mats (41, 42) and the core layer mat (43) is formed, and the mat (40) is formed together with the template (8) in a predetermined manner. After being stacked in stages, they are usually clamped at a pressure of 2 to 4 MPa, and then placed in a heat-curing chamber for primary curing at 60 to 80 ° C. for 10 to 20 hours. After releasing from (8), indoor curing is carried out for 5 to 10 days to produce a wood cement board (40A) composed of the front and back layers (41A, 42A) and the core layer (43A) as shown in FIG.

In the above wood cement board (40A), the core layer (4
3A) The wood reinforcements in them are preferably oriented at an angle of 0 to 20 ° with respect to the template conveying direction (longitudinal direction) shown by arrow A in FIG. 6, and therefore, because of the core layer (43A), Since the wood cement board (40A) is reinforced against the peeling force exerted on both ends in the longitudinal direction shown by arrows B and C, the wood cement board (40A) is broken when the wood cement board (40A) is peeled from the template (8). The yield is improved.

The core layer (4) of the wood cement board (40A)
3A) is the gap (1) between the elements (15A) of the orientation plate (15).
8,20), the wood reinforcement is not oriented in the longitudinal direction and is in a random state.Therefore, the strength of the portions (44,45) is almost in any direction. When the wood cement board (40A) is bisected by the cutting line CL and the part (44, 45) (actual processing part) is subjected to actual processing to obtain a product, the actual processing part (44, 45) is obtained. ) Is less likely to break due to the actual processing force.

In the present invention, a type other than the above-mentioned orientation device (14) can be used for the orientation of the wood reinforcing material. The above orientation device (14)
As a type other than the above type, for example, a type in which a rotating blade is attached to a rotating shaft in a comb shape (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
), And a type in which rods are arranged in a comb-like shape at the lower end of an inclined plate (Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-43010), etc., compared to the orientation plate (15) of the orientation device (14), The rod is much smaller during orientation (the distance between the upper and lower edges of the orientation plate in the case of the orientation plate (15)), and the orientation efficiency is significantly lower. These are mainly used for loosening the nodules in the raw material mixture. Is what it is.

[Example 1] The front and back layer mats (41, 42) and the core layer mat were prepared by using the following raw materials and using the apparatus shown in FIG.
A mat (40) having a three-layer structure consisting of (43) was formed. Portland cement 74.0% by weight Wood 25.0 〃 Calcium chloride 1.0 水分 Moisture content 31.0 表 The thickness of the front and back layer mats (41, 42) of the above mat (40) is 10 m
m, the thickness of the core layer mat (43) was 30 mm, and the total thickness of the mat (40) was 50 mm. Five mats (40) are stacked together with the template (8), and are usually clamped at a pressure of 3.0 MPa.
After being left for 15 hours in a heat-curing room adjusted to a primary curing temperature, the wood was cemented for 7 days to produce a wood chip cement board (40A) as shown in FIG. For the test, a single-layer wood chip cement board consisting only of the core layer (43A) was produced in the same manner. In this case, as shown in Table 1, the gap width d between the orientation boards (15) was set to 5 mm. The gap t between the lower edge of the alignment plate 15 and the mat 40 was variously changed as shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the properties of the thus obtained single-layer wood chip cement board.

[0018]

[Table 1] In Table 1, in the comparative example, in the core layer forming apparatus (10) of the apparatus shown in FIG. And

Each of the samples of the examples shows greater strength in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction) than the sample of the comparative example. However, also in the examples, when t increases, the orientation efficiency of the wood pieces decreases, and the vertical bending strength decreases.

[0020]

Therefore, in the present invention, since the wood reinforcing material in the core layer is oriented in a predetermined direction, the bending strength in that direction is improved, and when the wood cement board is released from the mold board, If a peeling force is exerted in the direction, breakage of the wood cement board can be prevented, and the yield is greatly improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

 1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of a wood cement board forming apparatus

FIG. 2 is a plan view of an alignment device.

FIG. 3 is a side view of an alignment device.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged plan view of an alignment plate element.

FIG. 5 is a partial side view of the lower part of the alignment plate.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a wood cement board.

[Explanation of symbols]

 8 Mold plate 10 Core layer forming device 11 Raw material supply conveyor 12 Roller type spraying device 13 Forming chamber 14 Orientation device 15 Orientation plate 16 Frame 17 Rotary vibrator 40 Mat 41 Surface mat 42 Back layer mat 43 Core layer mat 40A Wood cement board 41A Surface layer 42A Back layer 43A Core layer

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B28B 1/00-1/54 B28B 11/00-19/00 C04B 32/02

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A hardened product of a mixture mainly composed of a wood reinforcing material and a cement-based hydraulic material. In the front and back layers, the wood reinforcing material in the hardened material is randomly present, and in the core layer, the hardened material is hardened. The wood reinforcement in the object is 0 to 20 in the predetermined direction.
Wood cement board characterized by being oriented at an angle of ° 2. A wood cement board according to claim 1, wherein the wood reinforcing material is randomly present only in the actually processed portion of the core layer. 3. A wood reinforcing material orienting device is disposed below the raw material spraying device, and a template is disposed immediately below the wood reinforcing material orienting device. The wood reinforcing material orienting device has a plurality of vertically comb-shaped devices. For forming wood cement board, characterized by comprising oriented boards arranged in a matrix 4. The forming apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said orientation plate is made vibrable by a vibrator. 5. The forming apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the orientation plate is vertically adjustable. 6. A forming apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said orientation plate is adjustable in right and left angles.