JP3199855B2 - Failure detection system for hemodialysis machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hemodialysis apparatus having a blood purifier provided with pressure detecting means for detecting an inflow artery pressure and an outflow venous pressure, and more particularly to such a hemodialysis apparatus. The present invention relates to a detection system configured to detect a decrease in blood flow rate circulating in a blood vessel (defective blood removal) and a blockage (clotting) of a blood flow path.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, as shown in FIG. 3, a hemodialysis apparatus uses a blood tube between a blood collection needle 10 and a blood return needle 12 inserted into arteries and veins in a patient. Thus, an extracorporeal blood circulation circuit 14 is formed, in which blood collected via a blood pump 16 is circulated and circulated through a blood pump 16 to purify the blood. The circuit 14 includes a blood pressure detecting means 20 for detecting the blood removal failure which usually occurs due to a blood circulation failure or an abnormality of the blood collection side needle 10 in order to prevent a reduction in blood purification efficiency. , Blood purifier 18
Pressure detecting means 22 for detecting the inflow-side arterial pressure and the outflow-side venous pressure. In addition, the pressure detecting means 22
Is composed of blood chambers 24 and 26 provided on the arterial side and the venous side, respectively, transducers 28 and 30 and a pressure display unit 32 connected to the transducers.

[0003]

However, the above-described means for detecting blood pressure in a hemodialysis apparatus have the following drawbacks.

[0004] That is, the blood pressure detecting means 20 is usually
As shown in FIG. 3, it is composed of a pillow 20a having a detector at the center and a detector 20b for detecting the degree of bulging of the detector. The structure is relatively large and large. It was complicated and the latter required adjustment. For this reason, the whole apparatus becomes large-sized and complicated, and at the same time, there is a problem that reliability is inferior. Further, the blood pressure detecting means 20 cannot detect the clotting of the blood flow path, and thus has a serious disadvantage that an accidental stop of the blood purification function is induced.

An object of the present invention consists of a simple structure, yet adjusted excellent unnecessary and reliable, providing a hemodialysis equipment where Ru can be detected more blood removal failure and clotting It is in.

[0006]

In order to achieve the intended destination SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION, hemodialysis equipment according to the present invention, taken from the patient's artery
The blood is supplied to a blood purifier by a blood pump,
Return the blood purified by the blood purifier to the patient's vein
In hemodialysis apparatus for performing a dialysis treatment of a liquid, the blood purification
Pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure of blood flowing into the gasifier
And detecting the pressure of blood flowing out of the blood purifier.
Outflow side pressure detection means and the inflow side pressure detection means
The output pressure and the pressure detected by the outlet pressure detection means.
When comparing the pressure difference with the force with a preset low pressure reference value
In both cases, the rotational speed of the blood pump is set at a preset low speed.
Compared to the reference value, based on these comparison results, poor blood removal
And a monitoring device for monitoring the occurrence of noise.
You .

[0007]

In this case, the monitoring device determines that the pressure difference is
When the blood purifier is larger than the set high pressure reference value
That blood channel clotting has occurred
Means for outputting a blood channel clotting signal
Is preferred .

[0009]

According to the present invention, the monitoring device for detecting the blood flow rate in the blood purifier uses the existing pressure detecting means provided in the blood purifier for detecting the inflow artery pressure and the outflow venous pressure. This is achieved by utilizing and incorporating an electronic circuit for comparing and calculating the two pressures. Therefore, the blood pressure detecting means (pyro) conventionally required becomes unnecessary, and the configuration of the whole hemodialysis apparatus is simplified, and at the same time, the adjustment becomes unnecessary and the reliability can be improved.

Furthermore, if a high-pressure reference value is set in the monitoring device separately from a low-pressure reference value for detecting a blood removal failure,
The clotting in the blood purifier can be easily detected, and if a circuit for feeding back the number of revolutions of the blood pump is provided, a conscious decrease in blood flow can be easily determined from poor blood removal. Benefits are obtained.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of a system for detecting poor blood removal in a hemodialysis apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. For convenience of description, the same components as those of the conventional structure shown in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

In FIG. 1, first, a blood removal failure detection system of the present invention basically comprises a monitoring device utilizing the pressure detecting means in the conventional hemodialysis device shown in FIG. Yes, the conventional blood pressure detecting means is omitted. That is, the basic configuration of the entire hemodialysis apparatus is the same as that of the related art, in which an extracorporeal blood circulation circuit 14 is formed between the blood collection side needle 10 and the blood return side needle 12, and the blood pump The blood collected via the blood purification device 16 is configured to circulate and circulate in the blood purifier 18 to purify the blood.

In the present invention, however, the monitoring device 40 is utilized by utilizing the pressure detecting means 22 (see FIG. 3) (the blood chambers 24, 26, the transducers 28, 30 and the pressure display unit 32) in the conventional device. Constitute.
In other words, as shown in FIG. 2, the monitoring device 40 outputs the arterial and venous pressures Ap and Vp detected by the transducers 28 and 30, respectively, to the amplifier circuit 4.
2 and 44, the analog switch 46 is input to the monitor switch 52 via the A / D converter 48 and the microcomputer 50, and the microcomputer 50 is further provided with the rotational speed of the blood pump 16. R to counter 54
Is configured to be input via the Internet.

The monitoring device 40 calculates the following equation: ΔP = Ap−Vp (1) ΔP <ΔPmin (2) ΔP> ΔPmax (3) R <Rmin (4) where ΔP: blood purification The pressure loss ΔPmin of the blood flow path in the vessel is set to the low pressure reference value of the pressure loss ΔPmax: the high pressure reference value of the pressure loss Rmin: the low speed rotation reference value of the blood pump is compared and calculated.

Therefore, according to the present invention, since it is clear that the blood flow rate in the blood purifier 18 is measured by the above equation (1), the equation (2), ie, ΔP <ΔP
When the min is established, the defective blood removal is reliably detected,
The signal (alarm) can be displayed on the monitor display unit 52. At this time, the operator intentionally decreases the blood flow.
When this is done , that is , when the rotation speed of the blood pump 16 is reduced, the equation (4), that is, R <Rmin is satisfied.
Therefore, ΔP <ΔPmin is due to poor blood removal.
It is possible to easily determine whether or not this is due to a decrease in the rotation speed of the pump 16.
16 can be detected without being affected by changes in the number of rotations.
I can . Also, when the equation (3), that is, ΔP> ΔPmax is satisfied, that is, the abnormal pressure rise is caused by the blood purifier
Since this is nothing more than a sign of blockage of the blood flow path in, the clotting can be reliably detected, and the signal (alarm) can be displayed on the monitor display section 52. Further, in the present invention, the reference values ΔPmin, ΔPma
Since x and Rmin can be appropriately changed, the hemodialysis apparatus can be easily set according to various use conditions.

As described above, according to the present invention, the blood pressure dialysis apparatus as a whole is simplified by eliminating the need for a conventional blood pressure detecting means (pyro), and at the same time, the adjustment is unnecessary and the reliability is reduced. Is improved. In addition, clotting can be detected simultaneously with poor blood removal, and the hemodialysis apparatus can be easily set in accordance with various use conditions.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and many design changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0018]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention,
According to Ming, detected by the inlet-side pressure detector pressure and flow
A pressure difference from the pressure detected by the outlet pressure detection means is set in advance.
Rotation of the blood pump in comparison with the established low pressure reference value
The number is compared with a preset low speed reference
The system is designed to monitor the occurrence of poor blood removal based on the comparison result.
Change in blood pump rotation speed
The detection is simple and reliable without being affected by
You can know .

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the flow
The pressure detected by the inlet pressure detector and the outlet pressure detector
Pressure difference from the pressure detected in the step is larger than the high pressure reference value
The blood flow channel clotting signal is output from the monitoring device.
As a result, in addition to the effects described above, blood
Simple configuration for clotting of liquid flow path
It can be detected more .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing one embodiment of a blood removal failure detection system for a hemodialysis apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing a configuration of a monitoring device used in the blood removal failure detection system shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing a conventional blood removal failure detection system of a hemodialysis apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 10 blood collection needle 12 blood return needle 14 extracorporeal blood circulation circuit (blood tube) 16 blood pump 18 blood purifier 24 arterial blood chamber 26 venous blood chamber 28 arterial transducer 30 venous transducer 40 monitoring device 42, 44 amplification Circuit 46 Analog switch 48 A / D converter 50 Microcomputer 52 Monitoring display unit 54 Counter

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-59-181162 (JP, A) JP-A-4-126159 (JP, A) JP-A-59-41428 (JP, U) 57067 (JP, B2)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. The method of claim 1, wherein the blood collected from the patient's artery is
Pump to the blood purifier and purify with this blood purifier
A blood dialysis apparatus for returning blood subjected to blood to a patient's vein and performing dialysis treatment on the blood. In an inflow side for detecting a pressure of blood flowing into the blood purifier,
Pressure detecting means, and a pressure of blood flowing out of the blood purifier.
An outlet pressure detecting means for detecting a force;
Pressure detected by the discharge means and the pressure detected by the outflow side pressure detection means.
The pressure difference between the output pressure and the pre-set low pressure reference value
Compare and set the rotation speed of the blood pump in advance
Low-speed rotation reference value, and based on these comparison results
And a monitoring device for monitoring the occurrence of poor blood removal.
Characterized hemodialysis machine . 2. A monitoring device, wherein the pressure difference is set in advance.
The blood in the blood purifier when
Blood flow that indicates that channel clotting has occurred
2. A means for outputting a road crotting signal.
Hemodialysis equipment described.