JP3195218U - Bio combustion equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

A bio-combustion device that can use inexpensive fuel without deteriorating the surrounding environment and has low running cost. SOLUTION: A fuel mounting plate 7 provided at the bottom of a combustion chamber 2 having an ash drop hole 6 for mounting fuel, and a fuel mounting so as to receive the ash dropped from the fuel mounting plate 7. An ashtray chamber 9 installed in the lower part of the mounting plate 7 and an air circulation hole for circulating only air on the peripheral surface, and a cylinder through which the fuel mounting plate 7 is provided in communication with the ashtray chamber 9 13, a combustion plate 15 provided to face the upper end of the through-cylinder 13, and a chimney 14 that communicates with the combustion chamber 2 and is erected at the center of the upper surface plate of the apparatus main body. Without any gaps, and is burned from the upper part of the fuel where air acts on the outflow from the through-cylinder 13. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a bio-combustion apparatus using pellets, sawdust, chips, logs, straws, and the like as fuel.

  For example, for household heating and agricultural heating, those using kerosene or heavy oil as fuel (see Patent Document 1), those using pellets, sawdust, chips, logs, firewood, etc. as fuel (see Patent Document 2) are known. It has been.

JP 2011-159943 A JP 2007-275987 A

However, those using kerosene or heavy oil as fuel are high in fuel cost, and cause carbon monoxide and black smoke (soot) in addition to carbon dioxide (hereinafter referred to as “CO ₂ ” as appropriate) during combustion. Oil droplets and residual coal components in pulverized coal are mixed and discharged without being burned, which worsens the surrounding environment. Also, those using pellets, sawdust, chips, logs, soot, etc. as fuel are burned while sending air from the bottom of the stacked fuel. Therefore, if the fuel is stacked too much, it will be difficult to burn and will not burn efficiently. . Therefore, since it is necessary to put the fuel into the combustion chamber little by little, it is difficult to perform continuous combustion for a long time with a single fuel injection, and it is necessary to replenish the fuel while observing the combustion state frequently. is there. As a result, it is difficult to use it for heating an agricultural greenhouse that cannot frequently see the combustion state.

  Further, since the fuel is burned from the bottom, unburned unburned residue falls to the ashtray together with the ash, which causes problems such as poor fuel utilization efficiency and increased ash throughput.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a bio-combustion apparatus that can use inexpensive fuel and has low running cost without deteriorating the surrounding environment.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a biocombustion apparatus according to claim 1 is installed at the bottom of the combustion chamber so as to have an apparatus main body having an internal combustion chamber and an ash drop hole for placing fuel. An ashtray chamber having a fuel mounting plate and an air suction port for adjusting the amount of intake air on the peripheral surface, and installed in a lower portion of the fuel mounting plate so as to receive ash dropped from the fuel mounting plate A cylinder-shaped air circulation hole for circulating only air on the peripheral surface, and a through-cylinder provided in communication with the ashtray chamber at the center of the fuel mounting plate, and opposed to the upper end of the through-cylinder A combustion plate, and a chimney standing in the center of the upper plate of the apparatus body in communication with the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is filled with fuel without any gaps and flows out of the through-cylinder. It is characterized by burning from the upper part of the fuel on which the air acts.

  The bio-combustion apparatus according to claim 2 is characterized in that a water tank for fire prevention and apparatus installation stability is provided at the lower part of the main body of the bio-combustion apparatus according to claim 1.

  The present invention can provide a bio-combustion device that can use inexpensive fuel and has low running cost without deteriorating the surrounding environment.

  In addition, it is possible to provide a highly safe bio-burning apparatus that is less likely to collapse and that can be immediately digested even if it collapses and a fire occurs.

It is a front view which cuts and shows a part of biocombustion device concerning one embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a biocombustion device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  This bio-combustion device includes a device main body having a combustion chamber inside, a fuel mounting plate that is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber so as to have a ash drop hole and a fuel, and intake air on a peripheral surface. An air intake port for adjusting the amount, an ashtray chamber installed at the lower part of the fuel mounting plate so as to receive the ash dropped from the fuel mounting plate, and a mesh-like shape for circulating only air on the peripheral surface A through-cylinder having an air flow hole, provided in communication with the ashtray chamber at the center of the fuel mounting plate, a combustion plate provided opposite to an upper end of the through-cylinder, and the combustion chamber; A chimney standing in the center of the upper surface plate of the apparatus main body, and filling the combustion chamber with fuel without any gaps, so that the air flowing out of the through cylinders burns from the upper part of the fuel. ing.

  Hereinafter, the above-described configuration of the biocombustion device will be described in more detail. FIG. 1 is a front view of a biocombustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention with a part thereof cut away.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a box-shaped apparatus main body 1 forms a combustion chamber 2 having a hollow inside, and an ash treatment port 4 having an open / close door 3 is provided at the lower peripheral surface of the apparatus main body 1. A transparent observation window 5 for confirming the internal combustion state is provided at an appropriate position on the peripheral surface.

  At the bottom of the combustion chamber 2, there is installed a fuel mounting plate 7 having an ash drop hole 6 on which the fuel 8 is mounted, and the fuel mounting plate 7 falls below the fuel mounting plate 8. An ashtray chamber 9 is provided so as to receive the ash, and an air suction port 11 for adjusting the amount of intake air by an opening / closing door 10 is provided in the ashtray chamber 9.

  A through cylinder 13 having a mesh-like air circulation hole 12 through which only air is circulated is provided in communication with the ashtray chamber 9 at the center of the fuel mounting plate 8. A chimney 14 is provided at the center of the upper plate of the apparatus main body 1 so as to communicate with the combustion chamber 2, and a combustion plate 15 is provided opposite to the upper end of the through-cylinder 13. The upper surface plate 1a of the apparatus main body 1 is provided with a fuel inlet 17 having opening / closing lids 16a and 16a.

  Then, the open / close doors 16a and 16b are opened as shown by diagonal lines, and large fuel 8a such as firewood and logs is put on the fuel mounting plate 8 from the fuel inlet 17, and then the large fuels and the large fuel Pulverized fuel 8b such as pellets, sawdust, and chips are sufficiently filled so that the gap between the combustion cylinders 7 is completely filled to the extent that an air layer cannot be formed.

  In this way, when the combustion chamber 2 is filled with the fuel 8 (8a, 8b), the air flowing into the ashtray chamber 9 from the air intake port 11 enters the through-cylinder 13 communicating with the ashtray chamber 9, but this cylinder 7 is covered with a charged small fuel 8b, and the fuel layer deposited on the upper side other than the uppermost fuel layer is also densely filled with the help of the weight of the fuel itself. The fuel layer which does not flow out to the fuel layer of this peripheral surface, passes through the through-cylinder 13 and flows out from the upper end of the through-cylinder, and is filled in the uppermost fuel layer 8 (8a, 8b). I will come across.

  In this state, if the upper part of the fuel 8 (8a, 8b) where the air flowing out from the upper end of the through-cylinder 13 has spread is ignited, combustion starts. Then, the fuel layer located in the upper part burns and this part is almost lost with a little ash remaining, and air is supplied to the surface of the combustion standby layer located in the lower part. As a result, the lower fuel combustion standby layer starts combustion. Thereafter, this operation is repeated, and combustion is sequentially performed in the combustion chamber 2 from the uppermost side to the lowermost side of the filled fuel.

  As described above, combustion is performed sequentially from the upper side to the lower side of the fuel 8 (8a, 8b), so that even if a large amount of fuel is charged on the fuel mounting plate 7, the combustion is reliably performed from the upper side. Is called.

  When actually burning, a bio-combustion device having a diameter of, for example, 50 cm in diameter and 60 cm in height performs continuous combustion for 9 to 10 hours by filling the fuel once compared with the case of burning from the bottom of the fuel. It is considered possible.

  During this combustion, the thermal power concentrates on the combustion plate 15 and heats the combustion plate, and the unburned residue contained in the smoke toward the chimney 14 is subjected to secondary combustion, so that combustion is completely performed by this secondary combustion. So no smoke or even white smoke. That is, carbon monoxide (CO) in an insufficiently combusted state is further combusted by this combustion fuel mounting plate 7 (by secondary combustion), and is completely combusted to carbon dioxide.

  As a result, there is little emission of impurities after combustion, and it becomes extremely friendly to the surrounding environment. Moreover, since pellets, sawdust, chips, logs, firewood, and the like are used as fuel, fuel costs are low. In particular, pellets are cheaper due to subsidies from public institutions. Therefore, it is effective to use the biocombustion device of the present invention for domestic heating and agricultural greenhouse heating.

  Further, during the above combustion, the combustion state is confirmed from the transparent observation window 5, and when the remaining amount of fuel is low, the open / close lids 16a, 16b are opened and the fuel 8 (8a, 8b) is opened from the fuel inlet 17. ) May be added to the upper part of the burning fuel. Since the uppermost fuel layer is burning at a high temperature, the injected fuel immediately fires immediately, and in the same manner as in normal combustion, the fuel after injection is in the order in which it is input by the heating power during combustion. Burn from below.

  At the time of combustion, the magnitude of the thermal power can be controlled by changing the amount of air flowing in from the air inlet 11 by the opening / closing door 10, and the fire can be extinguished if the opening / closing door 10 is closed to block the inflow of air. Can do.

  The slight amount of ash remaining after the combustion is moved downward as the fuel 8 (8a, 8b) burns, and all the fuel 8 (8a, 8b) filled on the fuel mounting plate 7 burns. When the process is completed, the fuel is slightly deposited on the fuel mounting plate 8. Therefore, the open / close door 3 is opened, and a residual ash treatment tool (not shown) such as a scoop is put into the combustion chamber 2 from the ash treatment port 4 to take out the ash. Further, the ash dropped into the ashtray chamber 9 from the ash drop hole 6 of the fuel mounting plate 7 at the time of taking out or burning is taken out from the air inlet 11 by opening the door 10. And the taken-out ash can be returned to the soil as it is.

  That is, by applying the present invention to an agricultural house, ash can be spread on the soil for growing the crop. Since ash is alkaline, acidic soil can be neutralized, crops can be regrowth efficiently, and reuse after burning resources can be achieved.

Further, since the secondary combustion is performed while the fuel 8 (8a, 8b) filled in the combustion chamber is sequentially burned from the upper part toward the lower part, the combustion is completely performed and no smoke is emitted. Even if it comes out, smokeless and low smoke combustion which becomes white smoke is performed, and it can be burned continuously for a long time by one fuel filling. As a result, it is not necessary to frequently observe the remaining amount of fuel, and it is effective for heating in an agricultural greenhouse that cannot frequently observe the remaining amount of fuel. In addition, a small amount of CO ₂ released into the greenhouse from the gap between the apparatus main bodies contributes to the photosynthetic action of the plant (crop) and can efficiently grow the crop, and is friendly to the natural environment.

  In the illustrated example, the fuel 8 (8a, 8b) is filled up to the upper end of the cylinder 13 and then burned from the upper part in order to perform long-lasting combustion. , 8b) need not be filled to the upper end of the cylinder 13. Even in the case of filling up to the middle, if the fuel is filled so as to fill the gap between the fuel 8 (8a, 8b) and the through cylinder 13, the fuel can be burned sequentially from the upper part to the lower part. .

  Next, a biocombustion device according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This biocombustion apparatus has a structure in which a water tank 18 for stabilizing fire and apparatus is provided on the bottom surface of the apparatus body 1. With this configuration, the apparatus main body 1 is stably installed by the weight of the water tank 18 provided on the bottom surface, and there is no risk of tilting or tilting even if vibration or the like occurs in the surroundings. In addition, even if a fire occurs due to tilting, it can be immediately digested by the water in the water tank 17.

  In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the case where this invention was applied to the agricultural house was demonstrated, this invention is not necessarily limited to such an agricultural house, for example, a general residence and multipurpose It can also be applied to heating of assembly rooms, heating of warehouses, etc.

  Further, the shapes and dimensions given in the above-described embodiments are merely examples of the present invention, and are not limited to these shapes and dimensions as long as they are within the range where the effects of the present invention can be exhibited. Needless to say.

  In the above-described embodiment, large fuels such as firewood and logs and small fuels such as pellets, sawdust, and chips are mixed and burned. Only the small fuel is densely filled into the combustion chamber, and only the upper fuel layer is filled with air from above the air inlet of the through-cylinder, whereby the small fuel is directed from the upper side to the lower side in the fuel chamber. You may make it burn as it did.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Apparatus main body 2 Combustion chamber 3 Opening / closing door 4 Ash processing port 5 Observation window 6 Ash fall hole 7 Fuel mounting plate 8 Fuel 8a Large fuel 8b Small fuel 9 Ashtray chamber 10 Opening / closing door 11 Air inlet 12 Air circulation hole 13 Through Cylinder 14 Chimney 15 Combustion plate 16a, 16b Open / close lid 17 Fuel inlet 18 Water tank

Claims (2)

An apparatus body having a combustion chamber inside;
A fuel mounting plate installed at the bottom of the combustion chamber to have a drop hole for ash and to mount fuel;
An ashtray chamber having an air inlet for adjusting the amount of intake air on the peripheral surface, and installed in a lower portion of the fuel mounting plate so as to receive the ash dropped from the fuel mounting plate;
A cylinder having a mesh-like air circulation hole for allowing only air to circulate on the peripheral surface, and a through-cylinder provided in communication with the ashtray chamber at the center of the fuel mounting plate;
A combustion plate provided to face the upper end of the through-cylinder, and a chimney standing in the center of the upper surface plate of the apparatus body in communication with the combustion chamber;
A bio-combustion apparatus, wherein the combustion chamber is filled with fuel without any gap and burned from above the fuel on which the air flowing out from the through-cylinder acts. The bio-combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a water tank for fire prevention and apparatus installation stability is provided at the lower part of the apparatus main body.

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