JP3193648U - Grate structure in a stoker-type waste incinerator. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a grate structure in a stoker-type garbage incinerator capable of increasing the cooling function of fixed and movable grate, enabling long-term use and improving the combustion effect of garbage.
A grate in a stoker-type garbage incinerator comprising a fixed grate 5 and a movable grate 6, wherein a raised portion 5B is provided on an upper surface 5A of the fixed grate 5, and the movable grate 6 is tilted. As a result, a gap is formed between adjacent ones to increase the air cooling effect and the ventilation function.
[Selection] Figure 9

Description

  The present invention relates to a grate structure in a stoker-type waste incinerator.

  Various types of stoker-type garbage incinerator grate support devices or installation configurations have been proposed. A movable grate and a fixed grate are arranged side by side, and they are arranged in multiple stages. The basic structure is common in that the waste grate is sent forward by sliding the movable grate relative to the fixed grate.

These movable grate and fixed grate have a slidable structure, are severely worn and damaged due to long-term use at high temperatures, and long-term even if they are made of cast steel. In view of the fact that it is unbearable to use, it is necessary to periodically replace it with a new one. For this purpose, the mounting of the movable grate and the fixed grate on the support or machine base is mounted from above. The structure which can be easily attached or detached by the method of setting and latching was taken.
The following is mentioned as literature which shows said prior art.

JP 2002-221309. JP-A-2005-214589. JP2003-97807A. JP-A-5-180429.

Problems that the device tries to solve

  As the grate of the conventional stoker-type waste incinerator described above, for example, as described in Patent Documents 1-4, the fixed grate and the movable grate are mounted on the respective supports from above. A means that is held in a locked state by a placing method is employed. One of the reasons is that when replacing each grate, it is possible to easily replace individual grate without disassembling the whole grate and its drive unit.

  Another reason is that the fixed and movable grate is fixed to their support by the so-called cantilever method, which means that the entire apparatus is assembled or the dimensional error of the parts causes a staircase shape. When it becomes difficult to secure the required sliding gap between the two grates arranged in the frame, or due to vibration and thermal expansion during operation, the movable grate cannot move smoothly between the fixed grate. This is because there is a possibility that a problem of stopping the operation of the waste incinerator may occur when the whole is locked.

  Therefore, in a stoker-type garbage incinerator equipped with a movable grate, basically, a system in which a fixed, movable grate can be placed and installed from above is adopted, and the above-described method is adopted. If the movable grate cannot be smoothly slid and moved between the fixed grate for a reason, and the locked state occurs, the fixed and movable grate can be pivoted upwards around the rear end. It is what has been.

  By the way, these fixed and movable grate are exposed to high temperatures in the furnace and are slidable with each other. Therefore, there is a problem that they are significantly deteriorated and damaged over a long period of time. In order to withstand long-term use, it is necessary to devise ways to avoid the effects of high temperatures as much as possible, in addition to selecting materials with excellent heat resistance and wear resistance. It becomes.

  The present invention has been devised in view of such a problem. In a stoker-type waste incinerator, the structure of the fixed and movable grate can be achieved while performing a sufficient amount of forward dust while maintaining a slight structural modification. An object of the present invention is to enhance the air-cooling function and to withstand long-term use while improving air permeability and promoting combustion.

Means for solving the problem

In order to achieve the above object, the structure of the grate in the stoker-type waste incinerator according to the present invention is as follows.
A plurality of fixed grate (5) arranged in a horizontal row is held on the machine base (3) via the lower fixed support (1), and combustion and air cooling are performed below the fixed grate (5). A plurality of movable grate (6) arranged in a row in the same manner is held on the machine base (3) via the lower movable support (2), and the fixed grate (5) and the movable grate (6) can be moved while the lower surface of the tip (6A) of the movable grate (6) is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the fixed grate (5) on the garbage feed direction side. As described above, in a state where the movable grate (6) is positioned on the upper side of the waste feed direction and the fixed grate (5) is positioned on the lower side thereof, a plurality of stages are alternately arranged in the waste feed direction. These fixed grate (5) and movable grate (6) are arranged in a staircase shape, and the fixed support (1) and movable support ( ) Is detachably mounted from above, and the drive mechanism (4) is linked to the movable support (2) to fix the movable grate (6). A structure of a grate in a stoker-type garbage incinerator configured to be able to send waste by sliding against a grate (5),
In the middle of the longitudinal direction of the fixed grate (5), a raised portion (5B) is formed on the upper surface (5A) so as to incline upward from the proximal end side to the distal end side of the fixed grate (5). The movable grate (2) is mounted on the raised portion (5B) when the movable grate (2) moves forward, and the tip of the movable grate (2) is slightly displaced forward and inclined. Yes,
It is characterized by that.

Effect of device

  According to the present invention, the raised portion provided on the upper surface of the fixed grate gets on the raised portion as the movable grate advances, moves forward while being displaced upward, and sends the waste forward. At this time, when the air flowing under the fixed grate flows upward from the gap between the fixed grate, the air flows upward along with the gap expansion of the movable grate by moving forward while being displaced obliquely upward. It becomes easier and flows around the movable grate into the furnace. As a result, an air flow is formed around the movable grate, the air cooling effect is enhanced, and the effect of lowering the temperature of the movable grate can be expected, and in addition, the upward air flow is formed. Also, the combustion action in the furnace is promoted, and the air flowing around the fixed grate below is also increased, and the air cooling function of the fixed grate and the movable grate itself (a temperature drop of 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. was observed) ) Can also be expected, and this has led to the effect of improving the service life by improving the air cooling effect of the fixed and movable grate while being able to perform the dust feeding action.

In particular, when the raised portions of the adjacent fixed grate are formed every other, the upward movement of the adjacent movable grate is performed every other, and the adjacent grate Relative displacement occurs, and a gap between the two is easily formed, and the circulation of the air flowing therethrough is promoted, the air cooling function is further enhanced, and combustion is also facilitated.
Such an action can be expected in the same manner not by arranging every other fixed grate provided with a raised portion, but by shifting the position of the raised portion of the fixed grate in the longitudinal direction. is there.
Other advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description.

It is also preferable that the position is shifted in the longitudinal direction.
With this configuration, the relative displacement in the vertical direction of the adjacent movable grate (2) can be promoted for the air-cooling function and the combustion promotion by time difference one by one.
In addition, since the fixed grate (5) provided with the raised portion (5B) is provided in one jump, the upper adjacent movable grate (2) is also moved up in one jump. Thus, the lower air escapes upward while contributing to combustion while cooling both side surfaces of the movable grate (2) which is not displaced.

The whole perspective view of the principal part of the refuse incinerator concerning this invention. The top view of the movable grate of the garbage incinerator concerning this invention. The bottom view of the movable grate of the garbage incinerator concerning this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the movable grate of the garbage incinerator concerning this invention of the AA line of FIG. The top view of the fixed grate of the refuse incinerator concerning this invention. The BB longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fixed grate of the refuse incinerator concerning this invention of FIG. The schematic front view which shows the drive system of the grate of the garbage incinerator concerning this invention. The perspective view of the principal part which shows one operating state of the movable grate of the refuse incinerator concerning this invention. The perspective view which shows another aspect of the fixed grate of the refuse incinerator concerning this invention.

A grate support device for a stoker-type waste incinerator according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a main part of a grate, and a plurality of (here, 15) fixed grate 5 arranged in a horizontal row are held on a machine base 3 via a lower fixed support 1. Similarly, a plurality (16 in this case) of movable grate 6 arranged in a horizontal row is held on the machine base 3 via the lower movable support 2. Here, although the combustion grate is quoted, there is usually a dry grate on the upper side and a post-burning grate on the lower side.

  Then, the fixed support 1 and the movable support 2 are, as shown in FIG. 6, a cross-girder material 1 </ b> A that supports the side-by-side fixed support 1 and a cross-girder material 2 </ b> A that supports the side-by-side movable support 2. The cross support member 1A is composed of a fixed support member 1B and a movable support member 2B for supporting the cross beam members 1A and 2A. The fixed support member 1B is fixed to a part of the machine base 3, and is arranged in two upper and lower stages. The movable support member 2B is connected to each other, and a drive mechanism 4 (to be described later) is interlocked and connected to one of the movable support members 2B, and is supported by the roller support structure (two places in the front-rear direction) of the machine base 3 so as to be movable back and forth. Yes.

  2 to 4 show a plan view, a bottom view, and a vertical side view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2 of the single movable grate 6, where the total length is about 560 mm, the total width is about 120 mm, and the total height. Is made of cast steel with a weight of about 120 mm (weight is about 20 kg), and two ribs are formed along the longitudinal direction inside as shown in the bottom view of FIG. 3 and the longitudinal side view of FIG. . This structure is substantially the same as the fixed grate 5. In FIG. 3, 12 is a boss part (welding) for attaching a bracket of an urging mechanism 7 described later, and 12A is a boss hole for the attachment. Reference numeral 13 denotes a positioning hole. When the movable grate 6 is placed on the movable support 2 from above, the pins 14 project from the movable grate connecting rod 8 fixed thereon. (See FIG. 7). The pin 14 is provided at a position corresponding to each movable grate 6.

Then, the fixed grate 5 and the movable grate 6 can be moved so that the lower surface of the tip 6A of the movable grate 6 can be slidably contacted with the upper surface of the fixed grate 5 on the garbage feed direction side. In the state where the movable grate 6 is positioned on the upper side of the feeding direction and the fixed grate 5 is positioned on the lower side, a plurality of steps (here, five steps) are alternately arranged in the direction of sending the garbage. Is arranged.
FIG.5 and FIG.6 is the top view of the fixed grate 5, and the BB sectional drawing of FIG. 5, and is comprised as follows.

  In other words, in the middle of the fixed grate 5 in the longitudinal direction, a raised portion 5B is provided on the upper surface 5A so as to incline upward from the base end side to the front end side of the fixed grate 5. Here, the raised portion 5B is about 3 mm from the upper surface 5A at the top, and rides on the raised portion 5B when the movable grate 2 moves forward, and the tip of the movable grate 2 is slightly forward. It is configured to be displaced upward and tilt. With this configuration, the air that passes upward between the adjacent fixed grate 5 is likely to escape upward due to a decrease in resistance between the movable grate 2 that is inclined and displaced upward, and as a result, Cooling of both side surfaces of the fixed grate 5 and the movable grate 2 is promoted, and combustion in the upper part of the furnace is also promoted. In addition, although the said protruding part 5B is formed in the initial casting, you may make it form by the build-up of welding and the grinding of a grinder, and may combine both.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 7, here, the staircase shape by the fixed grate and the movable grate is in the order of the movable grate 6 from the upper side of the garbage feeding direction and the fixed grate 5 below the grate. , 3 rows are arranged, and the fixed grate 5 is arranged at the bottom. However, this stepped arrangement may be further multi-staged depending on the size of the waste incinerator.
The movable grate 6 is arranged so as to straddle the side-by-side connecting portions of the lower fixed grate like a piano keyboard, and is not arranged vertically (not in phase).

The fixed grate 5 and the movable grate 6 are configured so as to be detachably mounted on the fixed support 1 and the movable support 2 from above.
In this installation structure, a rear end portion 6B of the movable grate 6 is placed on the movable support 2, and a fitting recess 6C formed below the rear end portion 6B of the movable grate 6 is provided. The movable grate connecting rod 8 located on the upper side of the movable support 2 is pivotally engaged from above. Since such a configuration belongs to the public domain, detailed description thereof is omitted.

Then, the drive mechanism 4 is interlocked and connected to the movable support 2 so that the movable grate 6 is slid with respect to the fixed grate 5 so that the waste introduced from above can be sent forward. It is configured.
In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 4 uses a hydraulic cylinder 4A as shown in FIG. 7, and the tip of the piston rod is connected to the movable support member 2B. The drive mechanism 4 may be replaced with a mechanical system such as a crank using an electric motor that is an existing system.

(Function)
According to the grate support device configured as described above, the front end portion 6A of the movable grate 6 is moved back and forth by the drive mechanism 4 while being in sliding contact with the upper surface of the fixed grate 5 below. The FIG. 8 shows a state after the movable grate 6 is moved forward.
At this time, in the middle of the fixed grate 5 in the longitudinal direction, a protruding portion 5B is provided on the upper surface 5A so as to be inclined upward from the base end side to the front end side of the fixed grate 5. Thus, when the movable grate 2 moves forward, it rides on the raised portion 5B, and the tip of the movable grate 2 is slightly displaced forward and inclined. As a result, the air that escapes upward through the adjacent fixed grate 5 is reduced in resistance between the movable grate 2 by being inclined and displaced upward, and it becomes easier to escape upward, As a result, cooling of both side surfaces of the fixed grate 5 and the movable grate 2 is promoted, and combustion in the upper part of the furnace is easily promoted.

(Another aspect)
As shown in FIG. 9, here, the raised portion 5 </ b> B of the upper surface 5 </ b> A of the fixed grate 5 is formed over the entire width of the fixed grate 5.
That is, here is a case where the fixed grate 5 and the movable grate 6 positioned on the fixed grate 5 are completely overlapped and arranged in the same phase.
There is also an embodiment with the arrangement of the grate in such a form. In such a case, the above-described raised portion 5B is formed in the entire width of the upper surface 5A, and the upper surface 5A of the adjacent fixed grate has It is assumed that the raised portions 5B are not formed.
However, it is also considered to form the raised portion 5B for the adjacent fixed grate 5, or to change the height of the raised portion or to change the tilt start position due to the raised portion. it can.
In any case, since the relative displacement due to the tilting movement of the adjacent movable grate 6 can be obtained, it becomes easy to form a gap between them, and it is possible to promote the escape of air from the lower side to the upper side. The combustion function can be improved.

  The grate of the refuse incinerator according to the present invention can reduce the airway resistance between adjoining with the operation of these movable grate, so the cooling of the fixed grate and the movable grate and the improvement of air permeability Although it can be achieved by simply improving the fixed grate, it can also be applied to existing incinerators, and any type of stoker-type incinerator can be used. It can also be applied to other furnaces and has a wide range of applications.

1: Fixed support 2: Movable support 3: Machine base 5: Fixed grate 5A: Upper surface 5B: Raised part 6: Movable grate

Claims (3)

A plurality of fixed grate (5) arranged in a horizontal row is held on the machine base (3) via the lower fixed support (1), and combustion and air cooling are performed below the fixed grate (5). A plurality of movable grate (6) arranged in a row in the same manner is held on the machine base (3) via the lower movable support (2), and the fixed grate (5) and the movable grate (6) can be moved while the lower surface of the tip (6A) of the movable grate (6) is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the fixed grate (5) on the garbage feed direction side. As described above, in a state where the movable grate (6) is positioned on the upper side of the waste feed direction and the fixed grate (5) is positioned on the lower side thereof, a plurality of stages are alternately arranged in the waste feed direction. These fixed grate (5) and movable grate (6) are arranged in a staircase shape, and the fixed support (1) and movable support ( ) Is detachably mounted from above, and the drive mechanism (4) is linked to the movable support (2) to fix the movable grate (6). A structure of a grate in a stoker-type garbage incinerator configured to be able to send waste by sliding with respect to a grate (5), and in the middle of the longitudinal direction of the fixed grate (5) , The raised portion (5B) is formed on the upper surface (5A) so as to incline upward from the proximal end side to the distal end side of the fixed grate (5), and the movable grate (2) It is configured to ride on the raised portion (5B) during forward movement, and the tip of the movable grate (2) is slightly displaced upward and inclined,
The structure of a grate in a stoker-type waste incinerator characterized by the above. The ridges (5B) of the adjacent fixed grate (5) are provided with their positions shifted in the longitudinal direction,
The structure of the grate in the stoker-type waste incinerator according to claim 1. The fixed grate (5) provided with the raised portion (5B) is provided one by one through the fixed grate (5) not provided with the raised portion (5B).
The structure of the grate in the stoker-type waste incinerator according to claim 1.

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