JP3191063U - Earth and sand discharging tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact and lightweight earth and sand discharging tool for energizing and discharging earth and sand conveyed by pneumatic feeding. SOLUTION: A discharge tool 1 includes a tubular portion 11 connected to the downstream side of a transport pipe 9 for guiding pneumatically fed earth and sand, and a plate-shaped portion 13 provided inside the tubular portion 11. The tubular portion 11 is provided with an opening 111 that opens downward. The plate-shaped portion 13 forms an obtuse angle downward with the direction X in which the earth and sand are pneumatically fed. The high-pressure air that has reached the discharge tool 1 together with the earth and sand is released from the opening 111 to the atmosphere, and the earth and sand are deenergized. The energized earth and sand collide with the plate-shaped portion 13, and after being further energized, are reflected by the plate-shaped portion 13 and head downward, and fall to the driving position below the discharge tool 1 through the opening 111. do. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an earth and sand discharging tool that is pneumatically fed through a pipe.

  For example, there is a technique of pneumatically feeding the inside of a pipe in order to use dredged earth and sand as embankment. The device for pneumatically sending earth and sand includes, for example, a hopper that accepts input of earth and sand to be conveyed, a squeeze pump that sends the earth and sand thrown into the hopper to a conveying pipe, and an air hose communicated near the upstream end of the conveying pipe And a compressor for feeding high-pressure air into the chamber. The earth and sand that has reached the vicinity of the upstream end portion of the transport pipe is divided into a plurality of indeterminate masses by the high-pressure air fed from the air hose, and transported to the downstream side of the transport pipe.

  When the device that pneumatically feeds the sediment does not have a mechanism for depressurizing the sediment at the downstream end of the transport pipe, the sediment that has reached the downstream end of the transport pipe is transferred to the downstream end of the transport pipe. It is discharged from the provided discharge port to the outside of the transport pipe. Therefore, in the case of the direct blow type apparatus, there is a problem that earth and sand discharged from the discharge port are scattered and workability is lowered. In addition, when using a direct-blow type device, the problem is that the discharged sediment cannot be put into the target position, heavy materials in the sediment fall to a position close to the discharge port, and light materials fall to a position far from the discharge port. Therefore, there also arises a problem that material separation occurs due to weight.

  As a mechanism for solving or reducing the problems of the above-described direct-blow type apparatus, a mechanism called a reduced cyclone has been proposed. The de-energizing cyclone is a cylindrical body having an air discharge port on the upper surface and an earth and sand discharge port on the lower surface, and a bowl-shaped guide provided so as to form a spiral with the vertical direction as an axis inside the body portion. Is provided. The earth and sand conveyed from the conveying pipe into the trunk part are guided by the guide and spirally lowered, and are discharged downward from the earth and sand outlet provided on the lower surface of the trunk part. Moreover, the high-pressure air sent into the trunk portion along with the transport of earth and sand is discharged from the air discharge port provided on the upper surface of the trunk portion to the outside of the trunk portion. As a result, the earth and sand discharged from the earth and sand discharge port is discharged downward in a depressurized state without the momentum of the high-pressure air.

  As a document disclosing the technique using the above-described reduced cyclone, for example, there is Patent Document 1. In Patent Document 1, a granular additive receiving part is provided in the vicinity of the upper end of the spiral guide provided in the body of the depressurizing cyclone, and the granular additive is supplied to the granular additive receiving part. In addition, a technique for mixing a granular additive into earth and sand that spirally descends in a body portion is disclosed.

JP 2010-121363 A

  The reduced cyclone described above increases in size and weight in order to sufficiently separate high-pressure air and earth and sand. Therefore, the reduced cyclone is expensive to manufacture. In addition, in order to move the reduced cyclone to the earth and sand placement position, a large-capacity placement ship, a crane, and the like are required, and the cost for moving the reduced cyclone is also high. Furthermore, when the decelerated cyclone is moved to the placement position using a crane, the deregulated cyclone is moved until the ground that has been reclaimed by the previously placed earth and sand is strong enough to support the weight of the crane. May not work, and work may be delayed.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a small and lightweight means for depressurizing and discharging earth and sand conveyed by pneumatic feeding.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention is provided with a cylindrical portion attached to an end portion on the outlet side of a pipe for pneumatically feeding earth and sand and having an opening portion opened downward in use, and an inner side of the cylindrical portion. And a plate-like portion that forms an obtuse angle downward with respect to the direction in which the earth and sand are pneumatically fed, and at least above the opening of the cylindrical portion, at least of the plate-like portion The earth and sand discharging tool in which a part is arranged is proposed as a first aspect.

  In addition, the present invention is the discharge tool according to the first aspect, wherein the cylindrical portion is located farther from the tube than the opening in the direction in which the earth and sand are pneumatically fed, on the entire circumference. A discharge tool having a region that is not open is proposed as a second aspect.

  Moreover, this invention is the discharge tool concerning said 1st or 2nd aspect, Comprising: The plate-shaped part connected with the said cylindrical part so that the end surface on the side far from the said pipe | tube of the said cylindrical part may be plugged up. An ejector comprising the above is proposed as a third aspect.

  Further, the present invention is a discharge tool according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the cylindrical portion opens upward in a use state, and at least a part of the opening region is A discharge tool having an opening that is closer to the pipe than the opening in the direction in which the earth and sand are pneumatically fed is proposed as a fourth aspect.

  According to the present invention, the means for depressurizing and discharging earth and sand conveyed by pneumatic feeding can be realized in a small size and light weight as compared with the depressurized cyclone according to the prior art.

It is an external view of the discharge tool concerning 1st Embodiment. It is an external view of the discharge tool concerning 2nd Embodiment.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a discharge tool 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a tool for discharging pneumatically fed earth and sand to a placement position, will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external view of the discharge tool 1. 1 (a) is a top view of the discharge tool 1, FIG. 1 (b) is a front view of the discharge tool 1, FIG. 1 (c) is a left side view of the discharge tool 1, and FIG. The right side view and FIG. 1 (e) are bottom views of the discharge tool 1. In addition, when referring to the top and bottom in the present application, it refers to the top and bottom in the usage state of the discharge tool 1.

  The discharger 1 includes a cylindrical part 11 that receives the earth and sand conveyed in the conveying pipe 9 together with the high-pressure air generated by the compressor, and a cylindrical part 11 for connecting the cylindrical part 11 to the conveying pipe 9. Saddle-shaped part 12 provided so as to protrude outward from the upstream end (radially outward as viewed from the axis of cylindrical part 11), and earth and sand disposed inside cylindrical part 11 and pneumatically fed Is provided with a plate-like portion 13 disposed so as to form an obtuse angle below the direction of pressure feeding (the direction indicated by the arrow X in FIGS. 1A and 1B).

  In the present application, the upstream side and the downstream side mean the upstream side and the downstream side in the direction of transporting earth and sand. Moreover, in this application, making an obtuse angle below between the direction of the earth and sand pumping means that the angle A shown in FIG.1 (b) is an obtuse angle.

  As for the cylindrical part 11, the upstream end surface and the downstream end surface are opened in the horizontal direction. Moreover, the cylindrical part 11 is cut | disconnected, for example in the area | region R of the downstream in the horizontal direction from the lower end to 1/4 upward of a diameter. By this cutting, an opening 111 that opens downward is formed.

  The bowl-shaped part 12 has a plurality of screw holes 121 penetrating in the axial direction of the cylindrical part 11. The screw hole 121 communicates with a screw hole (not shown) provided in the flange 91 provided in the transport pipe 9, and a bolt for connecting the discharge tool 1 and the transport pipe 9 is inserted therein.

  The plate-like portion 13 plays a role of receiving collision of earth and sand sent pneumatically and reflecting the earth and sand downward. Therefore, at least a part of the plate-like part 13 is disposed above at least a part of the opening 111. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 1E, at least a part of the plate-like portion 13 can be seen from below through the opening 111.

  According to the discharge device 1 having the above-described configuration, the high-pressure air that has moved through the transport pipe 9 together with the lump of earth and sand to reach the cylindrical part 11 is released from the opening 111 to the atmosphere in order to pump the earth and sand. Depressurized. Therefore, the earth and sand conveyed at high speed by the high-pressure air through the conveying pipe 9 is depressurized in the region R where the opening 111 is located, passes through the opening 111 and heads to the placement position while naturally falling. Part of the earth and sand is not sufficiently reduced, collides with the plate-like portion 13, is reflected downward, and travels to the placement position. These earth and sand are reduced when they collide with the plate-like portion 13. As a result, the earth and sand discharged from the opening 111 is correctly dropped at the placement position located below the discharge tool 1 and sufficiently depressurized, so that scattering and material separation are reduced.

  The discharge tool 1 has a simple structure and is small and light compared to the reduced-pressure cyclone according to the prior art. Therefore, the discharge tool 1 can be manufactured at low cost. Moreover, compared with the decelerating cyclone concerning a prior art, the capability of a placement ship, a crane, etc. for conveying the discharge tool 1 to a placement position may be small. Therefore, the discharge tool 1 can be transported to the placement position at a low cost. Furthermore, when the discharge device 1 is transported by a transport device such as a crane disposed on the ground buried in the earth and sand previously placed, the ground is strong enough to support the total weight of the transport device and the discharge device 1. It takes a short time to develop. Therefore, according to the discharge tool 1, the period required for construction is shortened as compared with the case of the decelerating cyclone according to the prior art.

[Second Embodiment]
Below, the discharge tool 2 concerning other one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated, referring drawings. FIG. 2 is an external view of the discharge tool 2. 2A is a top view of the discharge tool 2, FIG. 2B is a front view of the discharge tool 2, FIG. 2C is a left side view of the discharge tool 2, and FIG. A right side view and FIG. 2 (e) are bottom views of the discharge tool 2.

  First, the discharge tool 2 is a component corresponding to each of the cylindrical part 11, the bowl-like part 12, and the plate-like part 13 included in the discharge tool 1 according to the first embodiment. 22 and a plate-like portion 23 are provided.

  The tubular part 21 provided in the discharge tool 2 is provided with an opening 211 corresponding to the opening 111 provided in the tubular part 11 provided in the discharge tool 1. However, the opening 211 opens downward in the region S in the horizontal direction, and does not reach the end face on the downstream side of the tubular portion 21. Therefore, the cylindrical part 21 has the area | region T which is not opened in the perimeter in the position far from the conveyance pipe 9 rather than the opening part 211 in the horizontal direction.

  Since the lower side of the discharge tool 2 is not open in the region T, the region T can be mounted on the gantry. Therefore, for example, compared with the case where the ejector 2 is supported by the gantry at a position closer to the transport pipe 9 than the opening 211, vibration during operation is reduced.

  The discharger 2 is further provided with a plate-like portion 24 connected to the tubular portion 21 so as to close the end face on the downstream side of the tubular portion 21 and an exhaust provided so as to extend upward from the tubular portion 21. The pipe 25 and the exhaust pipe 26, and the cover 27 and the cover 28 provided so as to cover the upper end surfaces of the exhaust pipe 25 and the exhaust pipe 26 are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the exhaust pipe 25 and the exhaust pipe 26 are arranged side by side in the direction of pneumatic feeding of earth and sand. The exhaust pipe 25 disposed upstream of the exhaust pipe 25 and the exhaust pipe 26 is disposed at a position closer to the transport pipe 9 than the opening 211 in the direction in which earth and sand are pneumatically fed. Further, the exhaust pipe 26 disposed on the downstream side of the exhaust pipe 25 and the exhaust pipe 26 is partly disposed at a position closer to the transport pipe 9 than the opening 211 in the direction in which earth and sand are pneumatically fed. Yes.

  On the upper side of the cylindrical portion 21, an opening 212 and an opening 213 that open upward are provided. The opening 212 communicates with the opening below the exhaust pipe 25. The opening 213 communicates with the opening below the exhaust pipe 26.

  For example, the exhaust pipe 25 and the cover 27 are connected by a plurality of protrusions (not shown) that protrude from the outer surface of the exhaust pipe 25 toward the inner surface of the cover 27. Therefore, an air flow path indicated by an arrow Y is formed between the exhaust pipe 25 and the cover 27. Similarly, an air flow path indicated by an arrow Z is formed between the exhaust pipe 26 and the cover 28.

  The cylindrical part 21 of the discharge tool 2 has the area | region T which is not opening in the perimeter downstream from the opening part 211 as mentioned above. For this reason, the discharge tool 2 has higher strength than the discharge tool 1. In addition, the discharge tool 2 has a strength higher than that of the discharge tool 1 because the downstream end face of the cylindrical part 21 is closed by the plate-like part 24. That is, these structures provided in the discharge tool 2 are configured so that the end portion on the downstream side of the cylindrical portion 21 resists the force received from the earth and sand when the pneumatic sand is collided with the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 21. Is prevented from spreading outward (outward in the radial direction when viewed from the axis of the cylindrical portion 21).

  Moreover, since the discharge tool 2 has the opening part 212 and the opening part 213 which open upwards rather than the opening part 211, a part of high pressure air is open | released from the opening part 212 or the opening part 213 to air | atmosphere. . As a result, the force received by the inner surface of the plate-like portion 23 and the cylindrical portion 21 from the earth and sand is weaker than that in the discharge tool 1, and as a result, the durability of the discharge tool 2 is increased. Furthermore, the momentum of the earth and sand discharged from the discharging tool 2 becomes weaker than the momentum of the earth and sand discharged from the discharging tool 1, and the scattering and material separation of the earth and sand are more reliably prevented.

  Moreover, since the discharge tool 2 includes the cover 27 and the cover 28, even if there is earth and sand going upward from the exhaust pipe 25 or the exhaust pipe 26, scattering of the earth and sand is suppressed by the cover 27 or the cover 28.

[Modification]
The discharge tool 1 and the discharge tool 2 described above are specific examples of the discharge tool according to the present invention, and can be variously modified within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Examples of these modifications are shown below. In addition, the structure with which the discharge tool concerning embodiment mentioned above and the discharge tool concerning the modification demonstrated below are provided may be combined suitably.

(1) Although the cylindrical part 11 with which the discharge tool 1 mentioned above and the cylindrical part 21 with which the discharge tool 2 are provided shall be a cylinder, the shape of a cross section is not restricted to a circle, For example, a cylindrical shape with a square cross section etc. Other shapes may be employed.

(2) The plate-like portion 13 included in the discharge tool 1 and the plate-like portion 23 included in the discharge tool 2 are flat plate-like, but reflect the earth and sand colliding in the horizontal direction downward. Any shape may be adopted as long as it is a shape to be formed. For example, the shape of the plate-like portion 13 or the plate-like portion 23 may be a curved shape so that the cross section when cut in a plane perpendicular to the direction of pneumatic pressure feeding of earth and sand draws a convex arc upward.

(3) The discharge tool 2 described above includes two openings (openings 212 and 213) that open upward, but the number of openings that open upward is not limited to two, and one There may be three or more.

(4) The positions of the openings (opening section 212 and opening section 213) that are open upward provided in the discharge tool 2 described above in the direction of pneumatic feeding of the earth and sand are not limited to the positions shown in FIG. It suffices that at least a part of the opening area of the opening that opens upward is closer to the transport pipe 9 than the opening 211 that opens downward in the direction in which earth and sand are pneumatically fed.

(5) The discharging tool 2 described above includes a cover 27 and a cover 28 in order to prevent scattering of earth and sand from the opening 212 or the opening 213 upward. When the amount of earth and sand going upward from the opening 212 or the opening 213 is small to an acceptable level, the cover 27 and the cover 28 may not be provided. In that case, the exhaust pipe 25 and the exhaust pipe 26 may not be provided.

(6) The discharge tool 2 described above includes a plate-like portion 24 connected to the plate-like portion 23 so as to close the end face on the downstream side of the plate-like portion 23 in order to enhance durability. When the strength of the cylindrical portion 21 is sufficient, the plate-like portion 24 may not be provided.

(7) In order to improve durability, the discharge tool 2 mentioned above is provided with the area | region which does not open in the perimeter downstream from the opening part 211 of the plate-shaped part 23. FIG. When the strength of the tubular portion 21 is sufficient, a configuration in which the opening 211 reaches the end portion on the downstream side of the tubular portion 21 may be employed as in the tubular portion 11 of the discharge tool 1.

(8) The shape, number, size, position, and the like of the components included in the discharge tool 1 or the discharge tool 2 described above may be changed as appropriate. For example, the size of the opening 111 and the like, the angle of the plate-like portion 13 and the like may be appropriately changed as long as the pneumatically fed earth and sand are guided while being depressurized to the lower placement position.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Discharge tool, 2 ... Discharge tool, 9 ... Conveyance pipe, 11 ... Cylindrical part, 12 ... Saddle-like part, 13 ... Plate-like part, 21 ... Cylindrical part, 22 ... Saddle-like part, 23 ... Plate-like part , 24 ... plate-like part, 25 ... exhaust pipe, 26 ... exhaust pipe, 27 ... cover, 28 ... cover, 91 ... bowl-like part, 111 ... opening part, 121 ... screw hole, 211 ... opening part, 212 ... opening part 213 ... opening

Claims (4)

A cylindrical portion attached to an end portion on the outlet side of a pipe that pneumatically feeds earth and sand, and having an opening that opens downward in use,
A plate-like portion that is disposed inside the tubular portion and forms an obtuse angle downward with respect to the direction in which the earth and sand is pneumatically fed;
At least a part of the plate-like part is disposed above at least a part of the opening part of the cylindrical part. The discharge tool according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical portion has a region that is not open in the entire circumference at a position farther from the tube than the opening in the direction in which the earth and sand are pneumatically fed. The discharge tool according to claim 2, further comprising a plate-like portion connected to the tubular portion so as to close an end surface of the tubular portion far from the tube. The cylindrical portion has an opening that opens upward in a use state, and at least a part of the opening region is located closer to the pipe than the opening in the direction in which the earth and sand are pneumatically fed. Item 4. The discharge tool according to any one of Items 1 to 3.

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