JP3190530B2 - Method for producing agricultural mulching film - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a mulching film for agricultural use having an effect of controlling pests and pests, and more specifically, it is possible to prevent pests from entering and entering agricultural crops, The proliferation of disease bacteria can be greatly suppressed,
The present invention also relates to a method for producing a mulching film for agricultural use, which has an excellent control effect on pests and disease germs.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In conventional crop cultivation, various pesticides are used for controlling pests and fungi. However, nevertheless, there are pests that are difficult to control with pesticides, which is a major problem in cultivating crops. Pests that are difficult to control include, for example, thrips, radish, Chinese cabbage,
Examples include aphids appearing in cabbage and the like, leafhoppers appearing in moats and rice, etc., and caterpillars appearing in cabbage, hanayasai and eggplant. In addition, there are disease-causing bacteria which are difficult to control with pesticides, and these are also serious problems in cultivation of agricultural products.

[0003] These causes are due to the occurrence of pesticide resistance in pests and disease-causing fungi, and the control of chemical pesticides has been limited.

On the other hand, in the cultivation of many vegetables, flowers, fruit trees, and the like, mulching using a mulching film made of various thermoplastic synthetic resins is currently performed. A method of mulching using such a mulching film is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, it is common to lay a mulching film 2 on the surface of the ridge 1, and grow and cultivate the crop 3 with the holding soil 4 on both sides. By such mulch cultivation, soil moisture retention, soil swelling retention, fertilizer runoff prevention,
Raising and controlling soil temperature, promoting early growth, increasing initial yield,
Various effects such as high-yield stabilization of production are achieved.

[0005] As a type of mulching film, a transparent film is mainly used, but various colored films (black, green, purple, etc.) having a herbicidal effect and various reflective films (silver color) for suppressing a rise in ground temperature are provided. , White or the like), or a film in which these films are multi-layered into two or three layers, and further arranged in the width direction, and the like. Recently, non-woven fabrics for the purpose of lowering the soil temperature have also been used (Jitsuho 6).
-941).

[0006]

However, since the temperature and humidity of the soil environment laid with the mulching film are suitable for the propagation of pests and disease-causing bacteria, the soil environment is activated by, for example, ben wool under a soft rot or humid environment. Bacterial diseases may increase. After the mulching film is laid, even if the pesticide is sprayed, only the root of the crop can be sprayed, and it does not spread to all the soil under the mulching film. Therefore, it is difficult to control pests and germs. In addition, pesticides have a drawback in that the medicinal component flows out due to rainwater and the effect is not sustainable. Further, there is a problem that even a conventional mulching film having an excellent effect cannot prevent flying and invasion of pests.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to prevent the pests from flying into and invading agricultural crops, to greatly suppress the propagation of pests and disease-causing bacteria, and to provide an agricultural product having an excellent effect of controlling pests and disease-causing bacteria. A method of manufacturing a mulching film.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a mulching film for agricultural use which achieves the above object.
If any of the components contained therein are separated by distillation or extraction
Insects that are secreted when trees are damaged
It is composed of components that have an action and / or a bactericidal action and is volatile.
After the tree components to be carried on the inorganic powder,
It is characterized by being melt-kneaded with resin and molded into a film.
I do. In addition, the agricultural crop according to the present invention that achieves the above object.
The method for producing a tinting film is to distill or contain
Can damage the components or trees separated by extraction.
Pest repellent and / or disinfectant by secreted components
Includes volatile tree components consisting of components with utility
Treated with a compound, the treated tree component is supported on inorganic powder
After that, it is melt-kneaded with a thermoplastic synthetic resin,
It is characterized by being molded into

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The tree component used in the present invention is a component contained in the tree and separated by distillation or extraction, or a component secreted when the tree is damaged (including a case where the tree is artificially damaged). And a component having a pest repellent action and / or a bactericidal action.

Trees suitable for collecting such tree components include, for example, pine. Pine tarnish contains essential oil (tempin oil) and solid (rosin) and can be separated by distillation. The essential oil contains α-pinene, β-pinene, δ-3-carene and various other volatile components, and has an insecticidal or bactericidal effect.

Pine tarnish can be obtained by tapping a pine tree or by dry distillation or solvent extraction of a root stock. In addition, when pine wood is cooked by kraft pulp, pine oil is produced by tol oil or sulfate turpentine. It can be obtained by recovery. Moreover, hinokitiol is contained in the turpentine oil of the hiba wood, which has a high insect repellent effect and / or a bactericidal effect.

The essential oil obtained from cypress contains terpenes, and α-casinole, T-muurolol, thymol, hinokitiol, etc. contained in cypress essential oil have excellent pest repellent and / or bactericidal effects. It has been done.

In addition, turpentine oil can be collected from a tree containing a large amount of turpentine oil and used. Among them, paulownia and camphor trees have a great pest repellent effect and / or a bactericidal effect.

[0014]

These tree components can be directly melt-kneaded with the thermoplastic synthetic resin, but are preferably treated with an inclusion compound in order to prevent volatilization during melt-kneading.

The clathrate compound used in the present invention may be any as long as it can hold a tree component in the compound, and various compounds such as crown ether and cyclodextrin are known. Particularly, cyclodextrin is preferably used. Cyclodextrin is produced by the action of a certain enzyme using starch as a starting material, and has a molecular structure in which glucose is connected in a ring shape.
Connected to the individual are α-cyclodextrin, β
-Cyclodextrin and γ-cyclodextrin, and any of these can be used in the present invention.

In the present invention, a method for treating a tree component with an clathrate compound is, for example, a method in which cyclodextrin is added to water and dissolved by heating, and the tree component is added to the dissolved cyclodextrin solution and stirred while heating. It is employed and the tree components are included in the cyclodextrin by such treatment. The mixing ratio of the tree component to the cyclodextrin is preferably 0.1 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 30 parts by weight, per 1 part by weight of the tree component. The tree component treated with the clathrate compound as described above is dried by heating and freeze-drying, and is melt-kneaded with the thermoplastic synthetic resin.

In the present invention, it is preferable to add an inorganic powder together with the tree component. Examples of the inorganic powder added together with the tree component include aluminum silicate, perlite, shirasu balloon, various synthetic and natural zeolites, weathered reef coral grains, sepiolite, vermiculite, pumice stone, activated clay, kaolin, talc, various And fine powders of synthetic and natural hydrotalcite, snowtex, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, activated carbon, etc., among which various synthetic and natural zeolites and weathered reef coral grains are preferred in terms of their performance and price. is there. The average particle size of the inorganic powder is preferably 30 μm or less, more preferably 10 μm.
It is as follows.

The inorganic powder is added to and mixed with the thermoplastic synthetic resin together with the tree component treated with the clathrate compound. In the present invention, it is particularly preferred that after the tree component is treated with the clathrate compound and before drying, the inorganic component is added to support the tree component and the clathrate compound on the inorganic powder.

The thermoplastic synthetic resin used in the present invention includes polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polystyrene, vinyl chloride, polyester, polyamide and the like. Among them, ethylene copolymers such as ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and polystyrene are preferable because they can be melt-kneaded at a relatively low temperature.

The agricultural mulching film of the present invention comprises a mixture of a thermoplastic synthetic resin and a tree component, preferably a powdered or pelletized thermoplastic synthetic resin, an inorganic powder and a tree component treated with an inclusion compound. Is mixed and melt-kneaded with an extruder, a kneader, or the like, so as to be uniformly mixed and then formed into a film. The mixing ratio of the melt kneading is such that the tree component treated with the clathrate compound is preferably 0.5 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 1.0 to 25 parts by weight, and most preferably 100 to 25 parts by weight of the thermoplastic synthetic resin. Preferably it is in the range of 2.0 to 20 parts by weight, and the inorganic powder is
Preferably 0.5 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 1.0
２５25 parts by weight.

The agricultural mulching film of the present invention includes:
Other components can be added according to the purpose, for example, a coloring agent, a fragrance, and the like can be added. The agricultural mulching film of the present invention may be formed into a typical thin plate-like film, or may be formed by forming a molten resin into a fibrous shape and laminating the fibrous resin to form a nonwoven fabric film. Further, various colored films and reflective films conventionally used as mulching films can be subjected to the pest repellent effect and / or the bactericidal effect of the present invention.

The mulching film for agriculture of the present invention has an effect of repelling pests such as diamondback moths and cabbage butterflies, and is useful for reducing damages. In addition, it is effectively used for comprehensive control in combination with spraying of agricultural chemicals. it can.

[0024]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention relates to the use of general pesticides (pyrethroid insecticides, carbamate insecticides, organophosphorus insecticides, etc.) to control pests and pests by controlling insect pests and fungicidal action of tree components. In comparison, there are few side effects such as toxicity, and the tree component is melt-kneaded with a thermoplastic synthetic resin and formed into a film shape, so it has a sustained release property, and over a long period of time compared to general pesticides The medicinal effect lasts.

Further, since the agricultural mulching film of the present invention is laid adjacent to the root stock of agricultural crops, the pest control effect is continuously and directly exerted. Further, since the agricultural mulching film of the present invention has a sustained release property, the repellent component is always present around the crop for a long period of time,
It exerts a long-lasting repellent effect on flying pests.

[0026]

The present invention will now be described by way of examples, which should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

(Manufacture of mulching film for agriculture) 100 g of hinokitiol was added to 200 g of cyclodextrin
Was added to a cyclodextrin solution in 10 liters of water and maintained at 70 ° C. for 24 hours with vigorous stirring. 3 kg of zeolite was added thereto, and the mixture was dried by a freeze-drying method to obtain a hinokitol powder. This is referred to as treated hinokitiru.

Next, the ethylene / propylene copolymer and the treated hinokitol are mixed so that the concentration of the treated hinokitil is 25% by weight, and the mixture is melt-kneaded with an extruder.
It is formed into a film having a width of 180 cm and a thickness of 60 μm.

Similarly, the ethylene / propylene copolymer and the treated hinokitol are mixed so that the concentration of the treated hinokitil becomes 10% by weight, and the mixture is melt-kneaded by an extruder to obtain a 180 cm wide and 60 μm thick wall. It is formed into a film, and the obtained film is referred to as film B.

Further, the treated hinokitol was not mixed at all (the treated hinokitol concentration was 0% by weight) and the width was 180 c.
m, and formed into a film having a thickness of 60 μm, and the obtained film is referred to as a film C (comparative).

(Experimental Example 1) Using the films A, B, and C obtained as described above, radish and cabbage were cultivated in the following manner, and the flying repellent effect on insect pests (conaga, cabbage butterfly) was investigated. .

(1) The radish used was "Shirokomasa" and the cabbage used was "Kaneito No. 201". (2) As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, ridges having a ridge width of 60 cm and a length of 10 m were formed, and films A, B and C were mulled thereon. The width of each film is 90cm, 3 ridges each 1
Three test plots were provided for radish and cabbage, respectively. (3) A fertilizer is a chemical fertilizer, and a nitrogen component: a phosphoric acid component: a potassium component is 15 kg: 20 per 10a (ares).
kg: Fertilized to 15 kg. (4) Each film was provided with a single planting hole having a spacing of 30 cm and a hole diameter of 8 cm, sowed and planted in the planting hole. (5) The radish was sowed on August 22, 1994, and the cabbage was planted on September 6, 1994.

On both crops, the larvae of both pests were examined on October 3 and 13 with respect to 20 central row larvae. The pests investigated on October 3 were killed. Table 1 shows the results of the survey, and the numbers in the table indicate the average number of larvae per strain.
The ratio in parentheses indicates the larval abundance when Film C is taken as 100%.

[0034]

[Table 1]

As is evident from Table 1, the number of larvae is large in both the Japanese moth and the cabbage butterfly in the film C. According to the October 3 survey, the total number of both pests was high (10 per strain).
The number of larvae was close to the reference value of. In contrast, film B
In film A, both crops showed only a slight decrease, but the decline was significantly reduced to 26-43% for Konaga and 9-24% for cabbage butterfly.

(Experimental Example 2) Independently of Experimental Example 1 above, the following investigation was conducted on a radish field of a farmhouse in Ichihara City.

(1) Radish was sown on August 30, 1994 using the variety "Shirokomasa". (2) Film A and film C used in Experimental Example 1 were mulled in the following manner. That is, the field is 21mx35m = 735
east side of 35 ridges with a size of m ² and width of 60 cm
The film A was mulched on the ridge, and the film C was mulled on the west 20 ridges. Each of the films was provided with a single planting hole having a line gap of 30 cm and a hole diameter of 8 cm, and was seeded in this planting hole. (3) Compost and chemical fertilizer are used as the fertilizer, and the compost is applied so as to be 400 kg per 10a.
Phosphorus-potassium component per 10a, 15kg: 20kg:
Fertilizer was applied to a weight of 15 kg. (4) Because it is a field of a farmhouse, 2-3 g of Ortran granules were applied per planting hole after sowing to control Konaga. Also, on October 3, a 1,000-fold solution of Ortran wettable powder was added.
On October 15, a 1,000-fold solution of a lanthanate wettable powder was sprayed. (5) On October 27, the number of larvae was examined for 50 strains in the central row of each multi-section. The cabbage butterfly was controlled by chemical spraying, and only the number of larvae of the diamondback moth was investigated.

Table 2 shows the results of the survey. The numerical values in the table are the average number of larvae of P. lacquer Larvae, averaged per strain, and the ratio in parentheses is the percentage of larvae of P. larvae when the film C is 100%. Is shown.

[0039]

[Table 2]

As is apparent from Table 2, the number of larvae of the Japanese moth on the film C was smaller than that in the index (5 per strain) by spraying the drug. On the other hand, in the case of the film A, the number was apparently small at less than 19%.

[0041]

According to the present invention, the tree component and the thermoplastic synthetic resin are melt-kneaded and formed into a film, whereby the pests can be prevented from flying and entering the agricultural crops, and the pests and germs can be prevented. Propagation can be greatly suppressed, and the control effect of pests and disease germs is excellent. In addition, since the tree component is treated with the clathrate compound, it can be prevented from volatilizing when the tree component is melt-kneaded with the thermoplastic synthetic resin. Further, by adding 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of the inorganic powder to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic synthetic resin, it is possible to further improve the prevention of volatilization during melt-kneading of the tree component. Become.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a laying state of an agricultural mulching film.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the above.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: ridge 2: mulching film 3: crops 4: holding soil

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-61-137804 (JP, A) JP-A-4-190733 (JP, A) JP-A-64-13920 (JP, A) JP-A-6-137 65018 (JP, A) JP-A-4-202105 (JP, A) JP-A-52-138045 (JP, U) JP-A-4-95905 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01G 13/00 302 A01N 65/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. A method according to claim 1 , which is contained in a tree and separated by distillation or extraction.
Released when the released component or tree is damaged
Component with pest repellent and / or bactericidal action
Tree components having volatility and volatility supported on inorganic powder
After that, it is melt-kneaded with thermoplastic synthetic resin and formed into a film
Of mulching film for agriculture characterized by performing
Method. 2. The composition of claim 1 , which is contained in the tree and separated by distillation or extraction.
Released when the released component or tree is damaged
Component with pest repellent and / or bactericidal action
Treat tree components with volatility with clathrate compounds,
After supporting the treated tree component on the inorganic powder,
Melt-kneading with a synthetic resin and forming it into a film
A method for producing a mulching film for agricultural use, which is characterized by the following.