JP3184163U - Retractor - Google Patents

Retractor Download PDF

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JP3184163U
JP3184163U JP2013001916U JP2013001916U JP3184163U JP 3184163 U JP3184163 U JP 3184163U JP 2013001916 U JP2013001916 U JP 2013001916U JP 2013001916 U JP2013001916 U JP 2013001916U JP 3184163 U JP3184163 U JP 3184163U
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handle
arm
insertion portion
respect
incision site
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建 白石
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株式会社フツロ
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Abstract

【課題】挿入部とアームおよびハンドルとの位置関係の変更が可能で、医師の手術姿勢を最適化できる開創器を提供する。
【解決手段】切開部位に挿入して押し広げる挿入部6と、挿入部6を先端に設けたアーム2と、該アーム2を開閉させるリング部7を有するハンドル3と、該ハンドル3に設けられ該ハンドル3を不動状態に固定可能のロック機構10とからなり、前記挿入部6は、基部21に対して先端22を側面視L型形状に屈曲させて形成すると共に、先端22をアーム2に対して交差するように位置させて構成し、前記基部21を横軸23によりアーム2の先端に回動自在に取付け、前記挿入部6のアーム2に対する角度を変更自在に構成した開創器。
【選択図】図1
A retractor capable of changing a positional relationship between an insertion portion, an arm, and a handle and optimizing a surgical posture of a doctor.
An insertion portion 6 that is inserted into an incision site and spreads out, an arm 2 provided with the insertion portion 6 at the tip, a handle 3 having a ring portion 7 for opening and closing the arm 2, and a handle 3 are provided. The insertion portion 6 is formed by bending the distal end 22 into an L shape in a side view with respect to the base portion 21 and the distal end 22 to the arm 2. A retractor configured to be positioned so as to intersect with each other, wherein the base portion 21 is rotatably attached to the tip of the arm 2 by a horizontal shaft 23, and the angle of the insertion portion 6 with respect to the arm 2 can be changed.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

本考案は、頸椎や脊椎の切開部位を開いた状態に保持する、開創器に係るものである。   The present invention relates to a retractor that holds an incision site of a cervical vertebra and a spine open.

従来、切開部位に挿入して押し広げる挿入部と、挿入部を先端に設けたアームと、該アームを開閉させるリング部を有するハンドルと、該ハンドルに設けられ該ハンドルを不動状態に固定可能のロック機構とを有する開創器の構成は、公知である(特許文献1)。   Conventionally, an insertion portion that is inserted into an incision site and spreads out, an arm provided with the insertion portion at the tip, a handle having a ring portion that opens and closes the arm, and the handle provided on the handle can be fixed in an immobile state. The configuration of a retractor having a lock mechanism is known (Patent Document 1).

特開2005−28001号公報JP 2005-280001 A

前記公知例では、挿入部とアームとハンドルの位置関係は、常に同じため、頸椎や脊椎の患部に対する挿入部の挿入角度が変わってしまうという課題がある。
このことは、医師の手術姿勢が不適切になり、手術に要する時間も長くなる原因となっている。
本願は、開創器の構成を工夫し、医師の手術姿勢の最適化を図り、手術時間の短縮を図ったものである。
In the known example, since the positional relationship between the insertion portion, the arm, and the handle is always the same, there is a problem that the insertion angle of the insertion portion with respect to the affected part of the cervical vertebra or spine changes.
This causes the doctor's surgical posture to be inappropriate and the time required for the surgery to become longer.
In the present application, the configuration of the retractor is devised, the surgical posture of the doctor is optimized, and the operation time is shortened.

本考案は、切開部位に挿入して押し広げる挿入部6と、挿入部6を先端に設けたアーム2と、該アーム2を開閉させるリング部7を有するハンドル3と、該ハンドル3に設けられ該ハンドル3を不動状態に固定可能のロック機構10とからなり、前記挿入部6は、基部21に対して先端22を側面視L型形状に屈曲させて形成すると共に、先端22をアーム2に対して交差するように位置させて構成し、前記基部21を横軸23によりアーム2の先端に回動自在に取付け、前記挿入部6のアーム2に対する角度を変更自在に構成した開創器としたものである。   The present invention is provided in the handle 3 having an insertion portion 6 that is inserted and pushed out into an incision site, an arm 2 provided with the insertion portion 6 at the tip, a ring portion 7 for opening and closing the arm 2, and the handle 3. The insertion portion 6 is formed by bending the distal end 22 into an L shape in a side view with respect to the base portion 21 and the distal end 22 to the arm 2. The retractor is configured to be positioned so as to intersect with each other, and the base 21 is rotatably attached to the distal end of the arm 2 by a horizontal shaft 23, and the angle of the insertion portion 6 with respect to the arm 2 can be changed. Is.

請求項1の考案では、挿入部6のアーム2に対する角度を変更できるので、患部に対する挿入部6の挿入角度を適切にできると共に、医師の手術姿勢の最適化を図り、手術時間の短縮を図ることができる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, the angle of the insertion portion 6 with respect to the arm 2 can be changed. Therefore, the insertion angle of the insertion portion 6 with respect to the affected area can be made appropriate, and the surgical posture of the doctor can be optimized to shorten the operation time. be able to.

開創器の平面図。Top view of the retractor. 同側面図。The same side view. 使用状態側面図。FIG.

本考案の一実施例を図により説明すると、1は患者の例えば頸椎後方を切開し、この切開部位を広げた状態に保持する開創器であり、左右一対のアーム2を有する。
なお、理解を容易にするため、患者を伏臥させた状態での頸椎への使用を基準にして、上下左右等の方向を示して説明するが、これによって、本考案の構成が限定されるものではない。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a retractor for incising, for example, a cervical vertebrae of a patient and holding the incision site in an expanded state.
For ease of understanding, explanation will be given by showing directions such as up, down, left and right with reference to use on the cervical spine with the patient lying down, but this limits the configuration of the present invention. is not.

アーム2には該アーム2の開閉操作を行う一対のハンドル3を一体に形成し、アーム2とハンドル3の夫々の基部はヒンジ部4とし、縦軸5により開閉可能に軸支する。
アーム2の先端には切開部位を広げる挿入部6を設け、ハンドル3の先端部には指を入れるためのリング部7を設ける。
The arm 2 is integrally formed with a pair of handles 3 for opening and closing the arm 2, and the base portions of the arm 2 and the handle 3 are hinge portions 4, which are pivotally supported by a longitudinal axis 5.
An insertion portion 6 that widens the incision site is provided at the tip of the arm 2, and a ring portion 7 for inserting a finger is provided at the tip of the handle 3.

前記開創器1は、前記リング部7に適宜指を入れてハンドル3を閉じるように操作すると、前記アーム2の先端の挿入部6が開くように、ヒンジ部4の縦軸5を中心として回動する。   The retractor 1 is rotated about the longitudinal axis 5 of the hinge portion 4 so that the insertion portion 6 at the tip of the arm 2 opens when a finger is appropriately inserted into the ring portion 7 and operated to close the handle 3. Move.

前記ハンドル3のヒンジ部4の近傍位置の部位には、ハンドル3を不動状態に固定可能のロック機構10を設ける。   A lock mechanism 10 that can fix the handle 3 in an immobile state is provided at a position near the hinge portion 4 of the handle 3.

ロック機構10の構成は任意であるが、一例を示すと、ヒンジ部4とリング部7との間の一方のハンドル3に、前記ヒンジ部4の縦軸5を中心とした円弧状のプレート11の基部を固定する。ヒンジ部4とリング部7との間の他方のハンドル3には開口部12を形成し、該開口部12にプレート11を移動自在に挿通する。   The configuration of the lock mechanism 10 is arbitrary, but as an example, an arc-shaped plate 11 centering on the longitudinal axis 5 of the hinge portion 4 is provided on one handle 3 between the hinge portion 4 and the ring portion 7. Fix the base of the. An opening 12 is formed in the other handle 3 between the hinge portion 4 and the ring portion 7, and the plate 11 is movably inserted through the opening 12.

ハンドル3をヒンジ部4中心に開閉させると、開口部12内をプレート11は移動する。
このプレート11の後側(リング部7側)の側縁にはラチエット歯部15を形成する。ラチエット歯部15にはツマミ16のラチエット爪部17を係止させる。
When the handle 3 is opened and closed around the hinge 4, the plate 11 moves in the opening 12.
A ratchet tooth portion 15 is formed on the side edge of the rear side (ring portion 7 side) of the plate 11. The ratchet pawl portion 17 of the knob 16 is engaged with the ratchet tooth portion 15.

ラチエット爪部17はツマミ16のプレート11側に形成する。ツマミ16は他方のハンドル3にピン18により回動自在に取付ける。
ロック機構10はツマミ16によりラチエット爪部17をピン18中心に回動させてラチエット爪部17を、ラチエット歯部15から離脱させると、アンロックになり、ハンドル3を閉じてアーム2を開き、所望位置にて、ツマミ16を離すと、ラチエット爪部17がラチエット歯部15に係合し、ハンドル3を不動状態にロックする。
The ratchet pawl portion 17 is formed on the plate 11 side of the knob 16. The knob 16 is rotatably attached to the other handle 3 by a pin 18.
The locking mechanism 10 is unlocked when the ratchet pawl 17 is pivoted about the pin 18 by the knob 16 to release the ratchet pawl 17 from the ratchet tooth 15, and the handle 3 is closed and the arm 2 is opened When the knob 16 is released at a desired position, the ratchet pawl portion 17 engages with the ratchet tooth portion 15 to lock the handle 3 in an immobile state.

20はラチエット爪部17が前記ラチエット歯部15に常時係合するように付勢する板ばねである。ツマミ16はラチエット爪部17をラチエット歯部15から離脱させると、板ばね20の弾力に抗してハンドル3の内側に突出し、ツマミ16は板ばね20の弾力によりもとの位置に復帰してラチエット爪部17をラチエット歯部15に係合させてロックする。   Reference numeral 20 denotes a leaf spring that urges the ratchet pawl portion 17 so as to always engage with the ratchet tooth portion 15. When the ratchet pawl portion 17 is detached from the ratchet tooth portion 15, the knob 16 protrudes to the inside of the handle 3 against the elasticity of the leaf spring 20, and the knob 16 returns to its original position by the elasticity of the leaf spring 20. The ratchet pawl portion 17 is engaged with the ratchet tooth portion 15 and locked.

しかして、前記挿入部6は、基部21に対して先端22を側面視L型形状に屈曲させ、先端22はハンドル3に対して交差するように位置させる。挿入部6は、基部21を横軸23によりハンドル3に回動自在に取付ける。   Therefore, the insertion portion 6 bends the distal end 22 to the base portion 21 in an L shape when viewed from the side, and the distal end 22 is positioned so as to intersect the handle 3. The insertion portion 6 attaches the base portion 21 to the handle 3 by a horizontal shaft 23 so as to be rotatable.

挿入部6は、切開部位によって、基部21をハンドル3に対して下方位置から上方位置の間回動させて、切開部位に挿入して、切開部位を広げる。   The insertion portion 6 rotates the base 21 from the lower position to the upper position with respect to the handle 3 by the incision site, and inserts the incision site to widen the incision site.

即ち、例えば、脊椎の切開部位に挿入するときは、ハンドル3と挿入部6の基部21を平行状態とし、また、頭部側にハンドル3を位置させて挿入部6を切開部位に挿入するときは、挿入部6をハンドル3に対して上方回動させて屈曲させ、切開部位に挿入することができ、手術を容易に行える。   That is, for example, when inserting into the incision site of the spine, when the handle 3 and the base portion 21 of the insertion portion 6 are in a parallel state, and the insertion portion 6 is inserted into the incision site with the handle 3 positioned on the head side. Can be bent by turning the insertion portion 6 upward with respect to the handle 3, and can be inserted into the incision site.

この場合、切開部位への挿入と、挿入部6のハンドル3に対して屈曲させる操作との順序は、何れでもよく、切開部位に挿入前に予め挿入部6をハンドル3に対して屈曲させる場合と、切開部位に挿入後に挿入部6をハンドル3に対して屈曲させる場合と、切開部位に挿入中に挿入部6をハンドル3に対して屈曲させる場合と、適宜行う。
図3において、Hは患者の頭部、Nは患者の頚部、Bは患者の背部である。
In this case, the order of insertion into the incision site and the operation to bend the handle 3 of the insertion portion 6 may be any, and the insertion portion 6 is bent with respect to the handle 3 in advance before insertion into the incision site. The insertion portion 6 is bent with respect to the handle 3 after insertion into the incision site, and the insertion portion 6 is bent with respect to the handle 3 during insertion into the incision site.
In FIG. 3, H is the patient's head, N is the patient's neck, and B is the patient's back.

(実施形態の作用)
例えば、変形性頸椎症や、頸椎椎間板ヘルニアや、頸椎後縦靱帯骨化症や、頸脊椎柱管狭窄症等において、患者を伏臥させ、頸椎所定部位を切開し、皮下組織に開創器1の挿入部6を深く挿入する。
(Operation of the embodiment)
For example, in degenerative cervical spondylosis, cervical disc herniation, posterior longitudinal ligament ossification of the cervical spine, cervical spinal canal stenosis, etc. Insert the insertion part 6 deeply.

次に、ツマミ16を摘んでロック機構10をアンロック状態にしながら、ハンドル3を閉じると、開創器1はヒンジ部4中心に左右のアーム2を開方向に回動させて、切開部位の深い部分を広げ、ロック機構10のツマミ16を離すと、ロック機構10のラチエット爪部17がラチエット歯部15に板ばね20の弾力により係合し、ロック機構10をロック状態とし、開創器1は切開部位を広げた状態を保持する。   Next, when the handle 3 is closed while the lock mechanism 10 is unlocked by picking the knob 16, the retractor 1 rotates the left and right arms 2 in the opening direction around the hinge portion 4, thereby deepening the incision site. When the part is expanded and the knob 16 of the lock mechanism 10 is released, the ratchet pawl portion 17 of the lock mechanism 10 is engaged with the ratchet tooth portion 15 by the elastic force of the leaf spring 20 to bring the lock mechanism 10 into the locked state. Keep the incision site open.

開創器1の挿入部6は、基部21に対して先端22を側面視L型形状に屈曲させ、先端22はハンドル3に対して交差するように位置する初期状態位置から、挿入部6の基部21をハンドル3に対して下方位置から上方位置の間回動自在にアーム2に取り付けているので、切開部位に対して最適な角度に挿入部6を屈曲させ挿入することができる。   The insertion portion 6 of the retractor 1 has a distal end 22 bent in an L shape when viewed from the side with respect to the base 21, and the distal end 22 is located at the base portion of the insertion portion 6 from an initial state position that intersects the handle 3 Since 21 is attached to the arm 2 so as to be rotatable between a lower position and an upper position with respect to the handle 3, the insertion portion 6 can be bent and inserted at an optimum angle with respect to the incision site.

このことは、切開部位とハンドル3を略平行状態から、斜め上方あるいは斜め下方にハンドル3を位置させられ、挿入部6を切開部位に挿入した状態でハンドル3の操作姿勢を変更させることができ、医師の手術姿勢を最適にすることができる。   This means that the operating position of the handle 3 can be changed while the handle 3 is positioned obliquely upward or diagonally downward from the substantially parallel state of the incision site and the handle 3 and the insertion portion 6 is inserted into the incision site. , The doctor's surgical posture can be optimized.

例えば、頸椎の切開部位を開くに際し、患者を伏臥姿勢にすると、頚部Nは頭部Hおよび背部Bに比し低くなるので、アーム2およびハンドル3が頭部Hおよび背部Bに対して邪魔になり、挿入部6を頸椎(図示省略)に対して略直角に交差するように挿入できないが、本願の開創器1であれば、予め挿入部6をハンドル3に対して上方回動させて屈曲させ、切開部位に挿入することができ、切開部位に対して適切な角度で挿入できる。   For example, when opening the incision site of the cervical vertebra, when the patient is placed in a prone posture, the neck N is lower than the head H and the back B, so the arm 2 and the handle 3 are obstructive to the head H and the back B. Therefore, the insertion portion 6 cannot be inserted so as to intersect the cervical vertebra (not shown) at a substantially right angle. However, in the case of the retractor 1 of the present application, the insertion portion 6 is bent upwardly with respect to the handle 3 in advance. And can be inserted into the incision site and inserted at an appropriate angle with respect to the incision site.

また、挿入部6を切開部位を広げた後に挿入した挿入部6に対してアーム2およびハンドル3を屈曲させて姿勢を変え、開創器1により切開部位の拡張保持姿勢を邪魔にならないようにできる。   In addition, the arm 2 and the handle 3 are bent with respect to the insertion portion 6 inserted after the incision site is expanded, and the posture is changed so that the retractor 1 does not interfere with the extended holding posture of the incision site. .

以上のように、L型状の挿入部6を有する開創器1において、アーム2およびハンドル3に対する挿入部6の角度を変更自在と構成しているので、手術時間の短縮に大きく貢献する。   As described above, in the retractor 1 having the L-shaped insertion portion 6, the angle of the insertion portion 6 with respect to the arm 2 and the handle 3 can be changed, which greatly contributes to shortening of the operation time.

1…開創器、2…アーム、3…ハンドル、4…ヒンジ部、5…縦軸、6…挿入部、7…リング部、10…ロック機構、11…プレート、12…開口部、15…ラチエット歯部、16…ツマミ、17…ラチエット爪部、18…ピン、20…板ばね、21…基部、22…先端、23…横軸、H…頭部、N…頚部、B…背部。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Retractor, 2 ... Arm, 3 ... Handle, 4 ... Hinge part, 5 ... Vertical axis, 6 ... Insertion part, 7 ... Ring part, 10 ... Locking mechanism, 11 ... Plate, 12 ... Opening part, 15 ... Lattiet Tooth part, 16 ... Knob, 17 ... Lattiette claw part, 18 ... Pin, 20 ... Leaf spring, 21 ... Base part, 22 ... Tip, 23 ... Horizontal axis, H ... Head, N ... Neck part, B ... Back part.

Claims (1)

切開部位に挿入して押し広げる挿入部6と、挿入部6を先端に設けたアーム2と、該アーム2を開閉させるリング部7を有するハンドル3と、該ハンドル3に設けられ該ハンドル3を不動状態に固定可能のロック機構10とからなり、前記挿入部6は、基部21に対して先端22を側面視L型形状に屈曲させて形成すると共に、先端22をアーム2に対して交差するように位置させて構成し、前記基部21を横軸23によりアーム2の先端に回動自在に取付け、前記挿入部6のアーム2に対する角度を変更自在に構成した開創器。   An insertion part 6 that is inserted into the incision site and spreads, an arm 2 provided with the insertion part 6 at the tip, a handle 3 having a ring part 7 for opening and closing the arm 2, and a handle 3 provided on the handle 3 The insertion portion 6 is formed by bending the distal end 22 into an L shape in a side view with respect to the base portion 21 and intersecting the distal end 22 with the arm 2. The retractor constructed as described above, wherein the base portion 21 is rotatably attached to the tip of the arm 2 by a horizontal shaft 23, and the angle of the insertion portion 6 with respect to the arm 2 can be changed.
JP2013001916U 2013-04-05 2013-04-05 Retractor Expired - Lifetime JP3184163U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017176817A (en) * 2016-03-28 2017-10-05 英濟股▲分▼有限公司 Dilator
CN108186062A (en) * 2018-02-10 2018-06-22 刘陈邦 A kind of medical treatment retractor
CN110960270A (en) * 2019-12-06 2020-04-07 吉林大学 Vertebral plate rotating opener for cervical vertebra single-door opening operation

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017176817A (en) * 2016-03-28 2017-10-05 英濟股▲分▼有限公司 Dilator
CN108186062A (en) * 2018-02-10 2018-06-22 刘陈邦 A kind of medical treatment retractor
CN108186062B (en) * 2018-02-10 2019-06-07 丁汉君 A kind of medical treatment retractor
CN110960270A (en) * 2019-12-06 2020-04-07 吉林大学 Vertebral plate rotating opener for cervical vertebra single-door opening operation
CN110960270B (en) * 2019-12-06 2020-09-29 吉林大学 Vertebral plate rotating opener for cervical vertebra single-door opening operation

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