JP3176373U - Large abacus - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a large abacus that can be used while standing or hanging vertically on a floor surface, and an abacus ball can easily slide along an axis and stop anywhere.
A magnetic material is used for an abacus shaft. Magnets 26 are fixed to the through-holes 34 through which the shafts 18 of all the abacus balls 24 pass, so that the abacus balls are attracted to the shafts 18 and are not attracted to each other by the magnetic force of the adjacent abacus ball magnets. Has been. The abacus body is made of lightweight and solid aluminum material, so that the lower frame 16 can be removed from the horizontal frame. The abacus balls slide smoothly, the main body can be easily disassembled and assembled, and the abacus balls can be easily replaced and repaired.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a large abacus for teaching that uses a magnet to stop the abacus ball on the shaft.

  Since ancient times, the large abacus for professors has been made of wood according to the general abacus because it is made of wood. At present, only the abacus balls have been changed to plastic (see Non-Patent Document 1). Also, for the purpose of teaching, the large abacus is used vertically. In order to stop the abacus balls to be slid, in many cases, a spring is attached to the inside of the abacus balls and stopped on the shaft using sliding friction (see Patent Documents 1 to 5).

JP 2009-193038 A JP 2003-015757 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-119644 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 05-05168 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 04-086917

From Daiichi's website http: // www. daichichi-j. com / syohin / syohin_soro_teacher. html

In the conventional large abacus, in order to stop the sliding ball on the shaft, a spring is attached to the inside of the abacus ball using sliding friction between the ball and the shaft. However, over time, the abacus balls tend to deteriorate and break down, causing the abacus ball sliding to become defective.
In addition, even if the ball slide becomes defective, the main body is fixed so that it cannot be disassembled. Therefore, it cannot be repaired at the site of use, and it is unavoidably used in a broken state.

Five prior art documents related to the abacus were taken up. Documents related to the large abacus include Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4. Patent Document 5 uses a magnet for the abacus.
However, none of these documents solves the problem of sliding the large abacus for teaching that exists in the past as presented in Non-Patent Document 1.

The following configurations are means for solving the above-described problems.
<Configuration 1>
A shaft 18 that supports the abacus balls 24 is fitted into the upper frame 12, the beam 14, and the lower frame 16. The shaft 18 is a magnetic body, and all the abacus balls 24 pass through the shaft 18. An abacus characterized in that the magnet 26 is fixed at a position around the through-hole 34 that is attracted to the shaft 18 and where the abacus balls 24 are not attracted to each other by the magnetic force of the magnets 26 of the adjacent abacus balls 24. .

<Configuration 2>
The abacus according to the structure 1, wherein an accommodating portion 28 for fixing the annular magnet 26 is provided in a part of the periphery of the through hole 34.

<Configuration 3>
The abacus according to the second aspect, wherein an accommodating portion 28 for fixing the annular magnet 26 is provided at an opening portion of the through hole 34.

<Configuration 4>
4. The abacus according to any one of configurations 1 to 3, wherein the magnet 26 is fixed to the shaft 18 through a synovial membrane or a minute gap.

<Configuration 5>
5. The abacus according to any one of the constitutions 1 to 4, wherein the abacus ball 24 is divided into two on the surface passing through the through hole 34, and both are bonded and integrated.

<Configuration 6>
6. The abacus according to the structure 5, wherein the two divided parts are colored in different colors.

<Configuration 7>
The abacus according to the fifth aspect, wherein the abacus is divided into two along with the magnet 26 on a surface passing through the through hole 34 and is integrated through a detachable coupler 40.

<Configuration 8>
In the abacus according to any one of the configurations 1 to 7, the upper frame 12, the horizontal frame 20, and the beam 14 are integrally fixed, and the upper frame 12 or the lower frame 16 is configured to be removable from the horizontal frame 20. An abacus characterized by that.

<Configuration 9>
The abacus according to any one of Structures 1 to 8, wherein any abacus ball 24 is colored in a different color from the other abacus balls 24.

<Configuration 10>
The abacus according to any one of Structures 1 to 9, wherein the abacus ball 24 is divided into two planes perpendicular to the through-hole 34 and the two are integrated.

<Configuration 11>
The abacus according to any one of Structures 1 to 10, wherein a magnetic material for magnetically attaching the magnet seal 30 is attached to the front surface of the upper frame 12, the lower frame 16 and the beam 14.

<Effect of Configuration 1>
Since the abacus balls 24 are attracted to the magnetic shaft 18 by magnetic force, the abacus balls 24 can be used by leaning or hanging vertically on the floor surface. Also, the abacus ball 24 slides easily along the shaft 18 and can be stopped anywhere.
<Effect of Configuration 2>
The magnet 26 can be easily fixed to an optimal portion around the through-hole 34 by bonding or fitting.
<Effect of Configuration 3>
The magnet 26 can be securely fixed so that it does not attract the adjacent abacus balls 24.
<Effect of Configuration 4>
Sliding between the magnetic shaft 18 and the magnet 26 can be improved.
<Effect of Configuration 5>
Manufacturing is easy, and only one type of mold is required for resin molding, so the cost can be reduced.
<Effect of Configuration 6>
If you rotate the abacus ball 180 degrees, you can change the color. This is especially useful for teaching abacus basics.
<Effect of Configuration 7>
Since the detachable connector 40 is used, the abacus ball 24 can be divided into two parts and can be easily detached from the shaft 18 and replaced individually.
<Effect of Configuration 8>
The abacus ball 24 can be easily replaced by removing the upper frame 12 or the lower frame 16.
<Effect of Configuration 9>
For example, it is possible to distinguish between 5 balls and 1 ball using different colors, or to change the color of the balls in the explanation of the scale.
<Effect of Configuration 10>
For example, the upper and lower portions may be divided into two different colors, for example.
<Effect of Configuration 11>
It can also be used for instruction such as “unit conversion” for learners who understand the scale of the abacus.

  It is the front view which expanded a part of large abacus 10 of this invention.   3 is a longitudinal sectional view of an abacus ball 24. FIG.   (A) is a perspective view of a magnet, (b) is a perspective view of a magnet having a two-part configuration, and (c) is a longitudinal sectional view of an abacus ball having a two-part configuration.   (A) is a bottom view of the beam 14, (b) is a side view showing the position of the through hole 34 of the beam 14 by a broken line, and (c) is a side view of the lower frame 16 showing the position of the through hole 34 by a broken line. , (D) is a front view of the entire abacus.   It is explanatory drawing of the Example which made the lower frame 16 removable.   The modification of the abacus ball 24 is shown, (a) is the top view which looked at the abacus ball divided into two colors from the upper part. (B) is a side view of the example of (a). (C) is the side view of the abacus ball 24 which shows the example divided into two colors up and down.   The abacus balls 24 are modified examples, in which (a) is a longitudinal sectional view, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is a plan view of the coupler 40.

  The abacus of the present invention is used by standing or hanging. A large abacus for so-called professors. An abacus ball is embedded with a magnet and a shaft made of a magnetic material is used. The abacus ball slides on the shaft by the magnetic force of the magnet and stops anywhere. Various teaching methods can be adopted by making it possible to remove the upper frame and the lower frame 16, changing the color of the abacus balls, and painting in two colors. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of a part of a large abacus 10 of the present invention.
The large abacus is used by hanging or leaning on a wall surface such as a blackboard that stands up perpendicularly to the floor surface. Appearance is similar to known abacus. In this state, the magnet 26 was attached to the abacus ball 24. A shaft 18 made of a magnetic material that supports the abacus balls 24 is fitted into the upper frame 12, the beam 14, and the lower frame 16.

  The magnetic material referred to here is a ferromagnetic material such as iron that is attracted to the magnet 26 by a magnetic force.

  A magnetic material may be attached to the front surfaces of the beam 14 and the upper and lower frames in order to magnetically attach a magnet seal 30 for indicating a localization point (point) or the like. The magnet seal 30 is suitably a colored magnet or a magnetized rubber sheet.

  For learners who understand the scale of the abacus, use the magnetic seal 30 in units (km, m, cm, mm, t, kg, g, mg, kl, l, dl, ml, etc.) Can also be used for teaching.

  The shape and size of the abacus balls 24 are the same as those of the conventional abacus balls and, of course, depend on the size of the main body. For example, a abacus ball 24 having a diameter and height of about 5 cm and a shaft 18 having a length of about 20 to 30 cm is suitable for use in a abacus learning site.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the abacus ball 24.
The magnetic shaft 18 shown in FIG. 1 is passed through the through hole 34 of the abacus ball 24. The shaft 18 is constructed so that the abacus ball 24 fitted with the magnet 26 is sufficiently loosely fitted so that it can slide and stop. The abacus ball 24 may be a plastic molded body having a through-hole 34 as shown in the longitudinal sectional view of the figure, but it is preferably a hollow structure for weight reduction.

  All abacus balls 24 are fixed with magnets 26 at the same position. The magnet 26 is fixed around the through hole 34 for passing the shaft 18. It is necessary to fix the abacus balls 24 where they are not attracted to each other by the magnetic force of the magnets 26 of the adjacent abacus balls 24. Thereby, each abacus ball 24 can move freely on the shaft 34 individually.

  As shown in FIG. 2, an accommodating portion 28 for fixing the magnet 26 may be provided in a part around the through hole 34 of the abacus ball 24. If the storage portion 28 for fixing the annular magnet 26 is provided in the opening portion of the through hole 34, the abacus ball 24 can be easily assembled. The magnet 26 may be fixed to the storage portion 28 with an adhesive or the like.

  It is preferable to make the gap between the through hole 34 and the shaft 18 as narrow as possible so as not to rattle when the abacus ball 24 is moved. If the abacus balls 24 are plastic and the shaft 18 is a metal such as iron, there is no problem with slipping between them. The magnet 26 is preferably fixed to the shaft 18 via a synovial membrane or a minute gap. The synovium is a plastic coating or a plating layer. Thereby, the slip between the shaft 18 of the magnetic body and the magnet 26 can be improved.

  Since the large abacus is mainly used by hanging or leaning, it is preferable to consider that the gap between the magnet 26 and the shaft 18 is magnetized and stopped and can slide easily. Further, if the slip between the magnet 26 and the shaft 18 is good, both may be in close contact with each other.

FIG. 3 (8) is a perspective view of the magnet, FIG. 3 (b) is a perspective view of the magnet with a two-part configuration, and FIG. 3 (c) is a longitudinal sectional view of an abacus ball with a two-part configuration.
The magnet 26 is preferably, for example, a donut shape as shown in the figure. Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the magnet 26 is divided into two parts and the abacus ball 24 main body is divided into two parts as shown in FIG. 3C, the assembly is facilitated. Since only one type of molding die is required, it is advantageous in terms of cost.

4A is a bottom view of the beam 14, FIG. 4B is a side view showing the position of the through hole 34 of the beam 14 by a broken line, and FIG. 4C is a view of the lower frame 16 showing the position of the through hole 34 by a broken line. Side view, (d) is a front view of the entire abacus.
In the abacus of the present invention, the abacus ball 24 can be easily replaced. In the illustrated example, a pair of hanging hooks 32 are attached to the upper frame 12. The horizontal frame 20, the beam 14, and the upper frame 12 are fixed integrally, and the lower frame 16 can be detached from the horizontal frame 20. The hole opened in the beam 14 is preferably located close to the front surface. The number of abacus digits is optional.

  For the upper frame 12, the horizontal frame 20 and the lower frame 16, it is preferable to use a material such as a light and rigid aluminum material. The shaft 18 made of a magnetic material is loosely fitted to the upper frame 12, the lower frame 16, and the beam 14.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment in which the lower frame 16 is detachable.
When the lower frame 16 is removed from the left and right horizontal frames 20, the shaft 18 made of a magnetic material can be easily removed one by one so that the abacus balls 24 can be easily replaced.
Therefore, for example, the replacement when the abacus ball 24 is broken is easy. The upper frame 12, the beam 14, and the horizontal frame 20 may be firmly fixed with screws or an adhesive so that the entire strength is maintained and no distortion occurs.

  A concave hole for accommodating the end of the shaft 18 is formed inside the upper frame 12 and the lower frame 16, but the size is adjusted to the thickness of the shaft 18 so that it can be easily removed.

  A hole through which the shaft 18 passes is also formed in the beam 14, but the position of the through hole 34 is as close to the front surface as possible. This needs to be taken into account in order to eliminate as much as possible the deviation between the abacus balls 24 and the points (localization points) when viewed from the side. Since the main body of the current large abacus is made of wood, the position where the through hole 34 is opened seems to be in the middle by all means considering the strength. The number of abacus digits is optional.

  As a matter of course, the positions of the recessed holes of the upper frame 12 and the lower frame 16 and the through holes 34 of the beam 14 when the main body is assembled are arranged in a straight line so that the shaft 18 is properly fitted.

  The four corners on the outside of the body are rounded off for safety reasons. It is convenient to attach hanging brackets to the main body. The upper frame 12 may be removed in the same manner as the lower frame 16.

FIG. 6 shows a modified example of the abacus balls 24, and (a) is a plan view of the abacus balls divided into two colors as viewed from above. (B) is a side view of the example of (a). (C) is the side view of the abacus ball 24 which shows the example divided into two colors up and down.
A donut-shaped magnet 26 was attached to the top of the abacus ball 24. This is as described in FIG. As described with reference to FIG. 4, if the abacus can be easily disassembled, spare abacus balls 24 of different colors can be prepared and used by replacing them. For example, it is possible to distinguish between five balls and one ball using different colors, or to change the color of the balls in the explanation of the scale.

  Here, as shown in (a) and (b), the abacus balls 24, which are divided into two colors symmetrically with respect to the axis of the through-hole 34, have different colors when the balls are rotated 180 degrees. . This abacus ball 24 is set in a necessary place. When instructing the placement of abacus balls in class, for example, it is used in a scene where a subtraction operation of “6-3” is performed. The canonical operation of subtracting 6 from 3 pays 5 by putting 2, but turns 5 balls around to change the color and notice 5 balls. Since the main body is structured so that abacus balls can be easily exchanged, it is convenient for instructing beginners.

  As described with reference to FIG. 3, if the abacus ball 24 is divided into two parts on the surface passing through the through hole 34, it is possible to easily make the abacus balls coated in two colors. As already described, since it is bilaterally symmetrical, only one type of mold may be used. Further, as shown in FIG. 5C, when the upper and lower parts are divided into two parts, the upper and lower parts can be colored in different colors.

FIG. 7 shows still another modified abacus ball 24, in which (a) is a longitudinal sectional view, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is a plan view of the coupler 40. FIG.
In the above embodiment, the abacus 10 was disassembled and the abacus balls 24 were replaced. In this embodiment, the entire abacus ball 24 is divided into two along with the magnet 26 on the surface passing through the through hole 34, and they are integrated via a detachable coupler 40. For example, the coupler 40 is provided with a convex claw 42 on one side divided into two and a concave claw 44 on the other side. Moreover, you may integrate with the magnetic force of the magnet 26 divided into two. The coupler 40 may be provided at several places on the abacus ball 24.

  If comprised in this way, the abacus ball 24 can be easily attached or detached with respect to the axis | shaft 18 at any time. If only the abacus balls 24 colored as described above are configured in this way, the abacus balls 24 can be exchanged easily and can be exchanged during class. In addition, since it can divide into 2 if it divides | segments with the A line shown to (b), and if it can divide into the top and bottom if it can divide with the B line | wire shown to (a), various Paris is possible.

  As described above, in the present invention, the magnet 26 is attached to the abacus ball 24, and the abacus ball 24 can be moved lightly and easily on the shaft 18. Further, the sliding portion of the abacus ball 24 is not deteriorated or damaged as in the conventional spring type. Further, if the upper frame 12 can be removed so that the abacus body can be easily disassembled, the abacus ball 24 can be replaced by removing the shaft 18.

  Further, since the magnets 26 are fixed at locations where the abacus balls 24 are not attracted to each other by the magnetic force of the magnets 26 of the adjacent abacus balls 24, the individual abacus balls 24 can be easily moved independently.

  By utilizing the magnetic force of the magnet, the problem that it becomes difficult to slide due to deterioration and damage, which was the case with large abacuses for teaching so far, is solved. Moreover, if a structure that can be easily disassembled and repaired even if a problem occurs, the state of use can be maintained over a long period of time. Moreover, since it can be made light and firm, it is also suitable for carrying. The present invention can also be used for learning the abacus mechanism by replacing the color of the abacus ball 24 or assisting in unit learning using the magnet seal 30.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Large abacus 12 Upper frame 14 Beam 16 Lower frame 18 Shaft 20 Horizontal 24 Abacus ball 26 Magnet 28 Storage part 30 Magnet seal 32 Hook 34 Through-hole 40 Connector 42 Convex nail 44 Concave nail

Claims (11)

  A shaft 18 that supports the abacus balls 24 is fitted into the upper frame 12, the beam 14, and the lower frame 16. The shaft 18 is made of a magnetic material, and passes through the shafts 18 of all the abacus balls 24. An abacus characterized in that the magnet 26 is fixed at a position around the through-hole 34 that is attracted to the shaft 18 and where the abacus balls 24 are not attracted to each other by the magnetic force of the magnets 26 of the adjacent abacus balls 24. . The abacus according to claim 1,
An abacus characterized in that an accommodating portion 28 for fixing the annular magnet 26 is provided in a part of the periphery of the through hole 34. The abacus according to claim 2,
An abacus having a storage portion 28 for fixing the annular magnet 26 at the opening of the through hole 34. In the abacus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An abacus, wherein the magnet 26 is fixed to the shaft 18 via a synovial membrane or a minute gap. In the abacus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The abacus is characterized in that the abacus ball 24 is divided into two on the surface passing through the through hole 34, and both are bonded and integrated. The abacus according to claim 5,
The abacus, wherein the two divided parts are colored in different colors. The abacus according to claim 5,
The abacus, which is divided into two along with the magnet 26 on the surface passing through the through hole 34, and is integrated through a detachable coupler 40. In the abacus according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
An abacus characterized in that the upper frame 12, the horizontal frame 20, and the beam 14 are integrally fixed, and the upper frame 12 or the lower frame 16 can be detached from the horizontal frame 20. The abacus according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
An abacus characterized in that an arbitrary abacus ball 24 is colored in a different color from the other abacus balls 24. The abacus according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
An abacus characterized in that the abacus ball 24 is divided into two planes perpendicular to the through-hole 34 and the two are integrated. The abacus according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
An abacus characterized in that a magnetic material for magnetically attaching the magnet seal 30 is attached to the front surfaces of the upper frame 12, the lower frame 16, and the beam 14.

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