JP3165105B2 - Program tracer, compiler and linker - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tracer of a program for tracing an address reference trajectory of a program to analyze the operation of the program. A tracer for a program that traces only to the address information of an exit, and a reference address thereof is generated in advance as a trace address information table when compiling a source program of the program, and is added to the program. And a linker for linking the program to a load module.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For analyzing the operation of a conventional program of this kind, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
In the in-circuit emulator that realizes the function step function by “creating a breakpoint management table based on function information” and setting a breakpoint at the return address of the function, the program And Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 184955, a "means for detecting a return instruction" is provided, and the program is temporarily stopped when the return instruction is executed to debug the program. -10
As described in Japanese Patent No. 3109, "return address from subroutine", "return address register (RAH)
As described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 5-173834. Also, a debugging device is configured to "compare with a return address of an instruction pointer (IP) by a comparison circuit" and "generate a break". "It is determined whether the address area of the function at the address immediately before the program fetch is different from the address of the data just read", and "if it is different, it is determined that a return is made". There is a means for analyzing the operation of a program by a "return detection method".

[0003]

In all of these conventional program operation analysis means, the execution of the program to be subjected to the operation analysis is temporarily stopped, so that the operation of the entire program is analyzed. Means that the execution of the program temporarily stops for a considerable number of times,
There is a disadvantage that it is difficult to analyze the operation of the program in real time. In addition, in the conventional program operation analysis means, the return address of the function routine is used as a breakpoint. Therefore, when the content of the function processing changes depending on the branch condition in the function routine, the function of any branch condition is determined. There was a disadvantage that it was not possible to easily determine whether the process was performed. further,
When the same function routine is recursively called in the function routine, there is a disadvantage that the tracing process becomes complicated.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a program tracer device (hereinafter referred to as a tracer device) of the present invention is provided.
Is abbreviated as the first address reference trajectory of the program.
When recording to the storage unit for analyzing the operation of the program
In this case , required address information is stored in the second storage unit in advance , and the address reference trajectory is recorded in the first storage unit only for addresses stored in the second storage unit. A program tracer device , wherein the second
Of the address information stored in the storage unit, the entry address of the function routines referenced in the program
The present invention is characterized in that it is used as data and storage address data of a return instruction in the function routine.

[0005]

In a device for compiling and linking a source program of the program, address information to be stored in a second storage unit of a tracer of the program is generated as a trace address information table,
Wherein the the compiler and linker, as added to the program of the trace address information table in the address information, the referenced in the entry address data and said function routines function routines in the of the program Return instruction storage address
A processing method of a compiler and a linker characterized in that data is used.

[0007]

[0008]

When tracing a program created by the compiler and the linker, the address information of the trace address information table is stored in the second address.
And the program is traced.

[0010] Further, the processing procedure of the tracer of the program is recorded on a recording medium so that it can be used in an information processing apparatus.

Further, the processing procedure of the compiler and the linker is recorded on a recording medium, and can be used in an information processing apparatus.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 3 shows a tracer device of the program of the present invention.
Trace processing operation by the device (hereinafter abbreviated as tracer)
And the whole process including the compiler and linker
It is a figure showing the flow of. In FIG. 3, the source file group 100 includes a plurality of function routines described in C language or assembler language. The compiler 12 reads the source file group, generates an object code, extracts the entry of the function routine and the location of the return instruction in the function routine, and outputs the object file group 120. The linker 31 reads the object file group 120 output by the compiler 12 and outputs an executable program file 310. At this time, a function entry address table storing the address information of the function entry and a function return address table storing the storage address information of the return instruction in the function routine are added to the executable program file. I do. The tracer 32 executes this executable program file 310
And the address reference locus and the reference time at the time of executing the program are limited to the trace address information read from the function entry address table and the function return address table. operable to generate a file 320
I do . The analysis 33 of the program operation is performed from the trace file thus obtained.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a compiler 12 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the processing contents. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the compiler 12 reads the source file 11 (process 41), checks the option specification for selecting whether or not to create a function return address table, and the source determination unit 13. A function entry extraction unit 14 for extracting a function entry portion of a file and generating a function entry address table (processing 43 and processing 44)
When the option specification is valid according to the determination of the option determination unit, the location of the function return instruction in the source file is extracted and a function return address table is generated (steps 45 and 46). When the function is invalid, a function return extracting unit 15 for preventing this processing and an object code are generated,
A code generator 16 (process 47) for outputting an object file 17 in which the function entry address table and the function return address table are added to the object code.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of an object file output by the compiler. The file header section 21, the object code section 22 of the program body, and the function entry address table section 2
3 and a function return address table section 24 and other information sections 25.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a flow of the operation of the program tracer according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The tracer first reads the executable program file created by the compiler and linker described above (process 51), and sets the trace conditions of the address reference locus at the time of program execution from the function entry address table and the function return address table. Yes (Process 5
2, processing 53). After that, the program is executed (processing 5
4, process 55), collecting execution history information in accordance with the above-mentioned trace conditions and recording it in a trace file (process 5)
6, processing 57).

FIGS. 6 and 7 are diagrams showing a specific example of a source file processed by the compiler of the present invention and a specific example of the configuration of an object file created from the source file. .

As shown in FIG. 6, this source file is sample. c and subfile1.c. c and s
ubfile2. c consists of three parts,
By compiling and linking these, an executable object file sample. exe is generated.

Referring to FIG. 6, sample. c is 2
Subfunction that has two functions main and func1
1. c has two functions, func2 and func2_1, and subfile2. c has two functions func3 and func3_1. Here, func2 has return instructions at two places, and func3 has return instructions at three places.

The compiler according to the first embodiment of the present invention reads these source files, compiles them, and sets sample. o, subfile1. o
And subfile2. o is generated, and these files are linked by a linker, so that an executable object file sample. exe is generated. The object file sample.
As shown in FIG. 7, the exe comprises a function entry address table section, a function return address table section, and other information sections in addition to the program code section.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the structure of an object file according to a third embodiment of the present invention. If a function routine and an interrupt processing routine are mixed in a program, the function and storing address information of a return instruction in the routine, and the storage address information of the return instruction in the interrupt processing routine, and so as to create a separate function Li <br/> turn address table section, and functions return It is also easy to distinguish between an interrupt return.

[0022]

As described above, the program tracer, compiler and linker of the present invention limit the entry address of the function routine referred to in the program and the storage address of the return instruction in the function routine as the trace address. This has the effect that the program can be traced without stopping the execution of the program.

Further, during execution of the function routine,
Even when the contents of the function processing differ depending on the branch condition, there is an effect that it is possible to reliably trace which function of the branch condition was executed.

Further, there is an effect that the return from the function routine and the return from the interrupt processing routine can be easily distinguished.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a compiler according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of an object file generated by a compiler according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an overall processing procedure of a tracer, a compiler, and a linker of the program of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing processing contents of a compiler according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an operation flow of a tracer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a specific example of a source file which is an input of the compiler according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a specific example of a configuration of an object file, which is an output of the compiler according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of an object file according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Source file 12 Compiler 13 Option judgment part 14 Function entry extraction part 15 Function return extraction part 16 Code generation part 17 Object file 21 File header part 22 Program code part 23 Function entry address table part 24 Function return address Table section 25 Other information section 31 Linker 32 Tracer 33 Program operation analysis section 41-47 Compiler processing steps 51-57 Tracer processing steps

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-62-70945 (JP, A) JP-A-4-30235 (JP, A) JP-A-10-3341 (JP, A) JP-A-8- JP-A-2-64748 (JP, A) JP-A-2-310737 (JP, A) JP-A-2-83749 (JP, A) JP-A-3-10339 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G06F 11/28

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tracer device for recording an address reference trajectory of a program in a first storage unit and analyzing the operation of the program stores necessary address information in a second storage unit in advance, a address reference trajectory only only 2 of address stored in the storage unit a tracer device program be recorded in the first storage unit, the address information stored in the second storage unit, wherein tracer system program being characterized in that so as to store the address data of the return instruction in the entry address of the function routines referenced data and in the function routines in the program. 2. An apparatus for compiling and linking a source program of the program, wherein address information to be stored in a second storage unit of the program tracer apparatus according to claim 1 is generated as a trace address information table, The compiler and the linker, which are added to the program, store the address information of the trace address information table in the entry address data of the function routine referred to in the program and the return in the function routine. A processing method of a compiler and a linker , wherein the storage address data of an instruction is used . 3. The compiler and linker according to claim 2,
2. The program tracer device according to claim 1, wherein when tracing the program created by the processing method , the address information of the trace address information table is used.
Stored in the storage unit of the tracer system according to claim 1, wherein the program so as to trace the program. 4. The program tracer device according to claim 1, wherein the required address information is set in advance.
Is stored in the second storage unit, and stored in the second storage unit.
Only the address, the address reference locus is stored in the first storage unit.
A recording medium in which a control procedure for controlling recording in a computer is stored so as to be used by an information processing apparatus. 5. A recording medium in which the procedure of the processing method of the compiler and the linker according to claim 2 is stored so as to be used in an information processing apparatus.