JP3162086U - Assembled fishway - Google Patents

Abstract

An assembly type fishway that is easy to transport, install, repair and remove and can be installed in many places. SOLUTION: A bottom plate 12, side wall plates 13 and 14 provided on the left and right sides of the bottom plate 12, respectively, a lower end abutting on or close to the bottom plate 12, and a left and right end abutting on the side walls 13 and 14 are provided. A plurality of fishway units 18 and 18a provided with a plurality of partition plates 15, 16 and 17 are provided along the river flow. A notch 19 whose bottom position is lower than the height of the side wall plates 13 and 14 is provided on the upper portion of each of the two, and in the adjacent partition plates 15, 16 and 17 of each fishway unit 18 and 18 a, The fishway units 18 and 18a are formed at different positions in the direction, and the fishway units 18 and 18a are connected to each other directly or via the water storage unit 20 and are connected adjacently along the flow direction. , The inclination angle is different. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a prefabricated fishway that allows aquatic organisms, including fish, to move across river dams and weirs.

Conventionally, when a dam or weir is constructed in a river, an artificial fishway is formed in a part of the dam or the weir so that the movement of aquatic organisms living in the river is not hindered by the dam or the weir. And since aquatic organisms cannot go up if the flow is too fast, the fishway has a structure that slows the flow velocity.
For example, the fishway described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a stepped stepped portion between a pair of standing walls arranged along the direction of water flow, and the standing wall protrudes toward the center of the stepped portion. Since the inclined surfaces are closely arranged, the inclined surface weakens the flow of water or forms a vortex from the downstream side toward the upstream side.

Further, in Patent Document 2, a plurality of baffle plates orthogonal to the groove bottom portion are provided on the groove bottom portion of a groove-like (open channel) fishway arranged along the flow of water. It is disclosed that the flow of the river is moderated.
Patent Document 3 discloses a fishway that has a plurality of buffer means provided with a net-like member at the head and downstream of a weir or a dam (a river crossing structure) and decelerates the flow of water by the net-like member. Has been.
Further, Patent Document 4 discloses an assembling type fishway in which a partition plate provided with a notch is fixed to a V-shaped groove.

JP 2008-184762 A JP 2005-98057 A JP 2002-363156 A Utility Model Registration No. 3117678

However, since the fishway described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is formed of concrete, it is not easy to manufacture, and there is a problem that when the fishway is damaged or malfunctioned, it is difficult to repair or remove it. And when installing in an existing dam or dam, a large-scale construction is required, and there is also a problem that the installation period becomes longer.
Moreover, since the fishway described in Patent Document 3 is not bottomed and cannot form a water channel by itself, it must be installed in a location where there is a water flow of a dam or a weir, and the installation location is limited. There was a problem.
Furthermore, the fishway described in Patent Document 4 has a limited installation location because the inclination angle is constant over the entire range.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an assembling type fishway that can be easily transported, installed, repaired and removed, and can be installed in many places.

The assembling type fishway according to the present invention, which meets the above-mentioned purpose, includes a bottom plate, side wall plates provided on both the left and right sides of the bottom plate, a lower end abutting on or close to the bottom plate, and a right and left end abutting on the side wall plate. A plurality of fishway units arranged at an angle with a plurality of partition plates provided along the flow of a river, wherein the bottom position is on the side wall at the top of the partition plate A notch is provided at a position lower than the height of the plate, and in the partition plate adjacent to the flow direction of each fishway unit, the notches are formed at different positions in the left-right direction, and the plurality of fishway units are The bottom plates of the fishway units that are connected directly or via a water storage unit and connected adjacently along the flow direction have different inclination angles.

In the assembling type fishway according to the present invention, it is preferable that the inclination angle is in a range of more than 0 degree and not more than 60 degrees.

In the assembling-type fishway according to the present invention, the fishway unit is preferably connected using a plurality of screw members.

In the assembling type fishway according to the present invention, the partition plate has a height of 1/3 or more with respect to the side wall plate, and the notch has a vertical width and a horizontal width, respectively. And it is preferable that it is 2/3 or less with respect to the left-right width.

In the assembling type fishway according to the present invention, it is preferable that the upper ends of the partition plates are inclined downward toward the end portions in the left and right regions.

In the assembling type fishway according to the present invention, it is preferable that the notch is a quadrangle.

In the assembling-type fishway according to the present invention, the fishway unit is preferably made of metal.

In the assembling type fishway according to the present invention, since the fishway unit includes a bottom plate and side wall plates provided on both the left and right sides of the bottom plate, the fishway unit alone can form a water channel, and there is a flow in the river. It is possible to set up a fishway even in a place that did not exist.
In addition, since the fishway unit arranged in an inclined manner includes a plurality of partition plates provided with notches between the left and right side wall plates, it is possible to stably secure a flow with a reduced flow rate of water, It is possible to create an environment that can be easily run up.

Since a plurality of fishway units are connected to each other, by dividing each fishway unit, handling such as carrying becomes easy, and transportation, installation, repair and removal can be performed easily and in a short time. .
Furthermore, since the bottom plates of the fishway units connected adjacently along the flow direction have different inclination angles, the flow of water can be finely adjusted.
In the assembly-type fishway according to the present invention, when the fishway unit is connected using a plurality of screw members, the connection and removal of the fishway unit can be facilitated.

It is a perspective view of the assembly-type fishway which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the assembly type fishway. It is a front sectional view of the fishway unit of the assembly type fishway. (A), (B) is explanatory drawing which shows the connection state of the fishway unit and water storage unit of the said assembly-type fishway.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention.
As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the assembly-type fishway 10 which concerns on one embodiment of this invention is provided in the level | step difference structure 11 formed in rivers, such as a weir and a dam, and the aquatic organism which inhabits a river This is an artificial fishway that allows fish, carp, shrimp, etc. to move through the river beyond the step structure 11.

The assembling-type fishway 10 has a bottom plate 12, side wall plates 13 and 14 provided on the left and right sides of the bottom plate 12, a lower end abutting on or close to the bottom plate 12, and left and right ends abutting the side wall plates 13 and 14. A plurality of inclined fishway units 18 and 18a each provided with a plurality of provided partition plates 15, 16, and 17 are connected along a river flow. Moreover, a notch 19 whose bottom position is lower than the height of the side wall plates 13 and 14 is provided at the upper part of each of the partition plates 15, 16 and 17, and the fishway unit 18 (the same applies to the fishway unit 18 a). In each of the partition plates 15 and 16 adjacent to each other in the flow direction and the partition plates 16 and 17 adjacent to each other, the notches 19 are formed at different positions in the left-right direction, and the fishway units 18 and 18a are connected via the water storage unit 20. The bottom plates 12 of the fishway units 18 and 18a that are connected and connected adjacently along the flow direction have different inclination angles.
Hereinafter, these will be described in detail.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the assembling-type fishway 10 includes an inflow unit 21 connected in series along the flowing direction of river water (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “water”) and into which water from the upstream flows. , A fishway unit 18 for adjusting the flow rate, a water storage unit 20 for storing a certain amount of water, and a fishway unit 18a for adjusting the flow rate.
The inflow unit 21, the fishway units 18, 18 a, and the water storage unit 20 are all made of stainless steel, which is an example of metal, and have strength that does not deform due to water pressure generated in each part due to the flow of water. Moreover, since each unit is formed of stainless steel, the assembling-type fishway 10 does not generate debris or the like remaining in the river as in the case of a fishway formed of concrete, and prevents deterioration of the river environment. be able to.

The step structure 11 has the highest portion where the inflow unit 21 is arranged, and has an inclined surface 22 inclined downward on the downstream side of the place where the inflow unit 21 is arranged. The inclined surface 22 is provided with a fishway unit 18 in which the bottom plate 12 is inclined at an inclination angle α with respect to the horizontal direction, and a water storage unit 20.
The fishway unit 18a is disposed with the bottom plate 12 inclined at an inclination angle β (an angle different from the inclination angle α) with respect to the horizontal direction, and the water flowing out of the water storage unit 20 passes through the fishway unit 18a and passes through the fishway unit 18a. It flows out from the downstream end.

Here, the inclination angles α and β are angles greater than 0 degree and 60 degrees or less, and in the present embodiment, the inclination angles α and β are 28 degrees and 20 degrees, respectively. Based on values such as the angle of the inclined surface of the step structure and the flow velocity of the river, it can be determined at the design stage, etc. The inclination angle α may be smaller than the inclination angle β. . Therefore, the assembling-type fishway 10 can be installed on step structures having various shapes, and the flow rate can be adjusted so that the fishway units 18 and 18a have different flow rates. is there.

Further, when the flow rate of the whole fishway is set to the speed S by the fishway units 18 and 18a having different inclination angles, the fishway is compared with the case where the flow rate of the whole fishway is set to the speed S by the fishway units 18 and 18a having the same inclination angle. Experiments have confirmed that the distance between the upstream end portion and the downstream end portion can be shortened. Therefore, when a fishway is formed with respect to a step structure having a steep inclined surface (for example, 50 degrees), the angle of inclination of each of the fishway units 18 and 18a is made different so that the entrance of aquatic organisms in the fishway. The distance from the downstream end of the most downstream fishway unit 18a to the downstream end of the step structure can be shortened so that aquatic organisms near the step structure cannot find the entrance to the fishway Can be prevented.
In addition, since the conventional concrete fishway is generally formed with a gentle constant gradient of 1/5 or less, there is a problem that the entrance of the fishway tends to be located far from the step structure. was there.

The inflow unit 21 is disposed on the highest flat portion of the step structure 11, and includes a bottom plate 23 and side wall plates 24 provided on the left and right ends of the bottom plate 23, respectively. Since a plurality of through holes 25 are formed in the bottom plate 23, the inflow unit 21 can be fixed to the step structure 11 by driving anchors into the through holes 25.
The bottom plate 23 of the inflow unit 21 is, for example, a rectangle having a left-right width of 50 to 200 cm (here 80 cm) and a front-rear width of 50 to 250 cm (here 120 cm), and the height of the side wall plate 24 of the inflow unit 21 is Although it is 20-70 cm (here 20 cm), it can be made different in size and shape in accordance with the size, shape, etc. of the step structure to be installed.

In the fishway unit 18 (the same applies to the fishway unit 18a), the partition plates 15 and 16 installed in a direction intersecting with the flow of water (in the range of 75 to 105 degrees, 90 degrees in the present embodiment). , 17 are arranged in order toward the downstream side.
As shown in FIG. 3, the partition plates 15, 16, and 17 have a height that is 1/3 or more and 4/3 or less of the height of the side wall plates 13, 14. 14 and approximately the same height.
The left and right ends of the partition plates 15, 16, and 17 are in contact with the side wall plates 13 and 14 of the fishway unit 18, and are fixed by welding or screw members. The upper ends of the partition plates 15, 16, and 17 are formed to be inclined downward toward the end portions in the left and right regions, respectively, and the upper and left sides of the partition plates 15, 16, and 17 are respectively provided with end cutouts. 26 and 27 are formed.

In addition, the partition plates 15, 16, and 17 are provided with a quadrangular (rectangular in the present embodiment) notch 19 in the upper center, and each notch 19 has a bottom position that is higher than the side wall plates 13 and 14. It is in a lower position. Further, since the bottom positions of the cutout 19 and the end cutouts 26 and 27 are substantially the same height, the water flowing through the fishway unit 18 is notch 19 and the end cutouts of the partition plates 15, 16, and 17. It flows only through the notches 26 and 27. Accordingly, the partition plates 15, 16, and 17 can be provided with a pool portion where the flow of water is gentle at a position lower than the height at which the notch 19 and the end notches 26 and 27 are formed. The aquatic organisms that run up and down can move upstream while resting in the pool.

Each notch 19 of the partition plates 15, 16, and 17 has a vertical width and a horizontal width that are 1/5 or more and 2/3 or less of the vertical width and the horizontal width of the partition plates 15, 16, and 17, respectively. Is formed.
Each notch 19 of the partition plates 15, 16, 17 is formed at a position D (from 10 cm to 100 cm, for example, 20 cm) from the bottom of the partition plates 15, 16, 17. Therefore, the water reservoir formed between the partition plates 15 and 16 and between the partition plates 16 and 17 has a depth of 20 cm at the deepest portion.
And the partition plates 15, 16, and 17 are arrange | positioned at intervals of the distance L (20 cm or more and 100 cm or less, for example, 40 cm). Therefore, the water reservoir has a length of 40 cm in the water flow direction.

Further, when the partition plates 15, 16, 17 are viewed from the front, the notches 19 of the partition plates 15, 16, 17 are formed in the left-right direction, whereas the partition plates 15, 17 are the same. 16 is formed on the right side of the notch 19 of the partition plates 15 and 17, and the position of the notch 19 is different in the left-right direction in the partition plates 15, 16, and 17 adjacent in the flow direction. Therefore, the flow of water becomes a meandering flow, and the effect of reducing the flow velocity can be enhanced as compared with the case where the notches are arranged in a straight line. And the water which passes the notch 19 and the edge part notches 26 and 27 has the speed which aquatic organisms can go up easily.
In the present embodiment, when the partition plates 15, 16, and 17 are viewed from the front, the notch 19 of the partition plate 16 is disposed at a position that does not overlap the notch 19 of the partition plates 15 and 17.
Further, the side wall plates 13 and 14 of the fishway unit 18 are continuously formed on the left and right ends of the bottom plate 12 and are orthogonal to the bottom plate 12. The side wall plates 13 and 14 are reinforced by bending the upper end portions inward so as not to be deformed by the force received from the water flowing inside.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the water storage unit 20 is provided between the fishway unit 18 and the fishway unit 18a, has an upper part opened, and a bottom part and side parts are formed of plate-like members. The water storage unit 20 is provided with a water storage area where the aquatic organisms that can go up can rest, and the water that has flowed into the water storage unit 20 from the fishway unit 18 can be sent to the fishway unit 18a at a reduced speed.

As shown in FIGS. 2, 4A and 4B, the inflow unit 21 and the fishway unit 18, the fishway unit 18 and the water storage unit 20, and the water storage unit 20 and the fishway unit 18a are each plural (in this embodiment). It is fixed by four bolts (one on each side) 28 (an example of a screw member) and a nut 29 corresponding to each bolt 28. 4A and 4B show a connecting portion between the fishway unit 18 and the water storage unit 20.
And each weight of the inflow unit 21, the fishway unit 18, 18a, and the water storage unit 20 is about 20-40 kg, and it is formed so that it can be easily conveyed by human power.

Here, when the assembling-type fishway 10 is installed on the step structure 11, first, the inflow unit 21, the fishway units 18, 18 a, and the water storage unit 20 are arranged at predetermined positions of the step structure 11 by human power, After fixing the inflow unit 21 to the step structure 11, the inflow unit 21 and the fishway unit 18, the fishway unit 18 and the water storage unit 20, and the water storage unit 20 and the fishway unit 18a are connected by bolts 28 and nuts 29, respectively. In addition, you may fix the fishway unit 18 and the water storage unit 20 to the inclined surface 22 of the level | step difference structure 11 with an anchor etc. as needed.

If any of the inflow unit 21, the fishway unit 18, 18a, or the water storage unit 20 is damaged, remove the bolt 28 and the nut 29, remove only the damaged unit, and replace it with a new one. It can be replaced, and repair work is easy.
When removing the entire assembly-type fishway 10 from the step structure 11, the bolt 28 and the nut 29 are removed and the inflow unit 21 is released from the step structure 11, and then the inflow unit 21 and the fishway unit 18 are removed. , 18a and the water storage unit 20 can be carried from the river in a state of being divided individually, and can be removed easily and in a short time.

The insertion hole 30 for inserting the bolt 28 can be a circular shape having a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt 28, but the two units connected in a state where the bolt 28 is inserted into the insertion hole 30. (For example, the inflow unit 21 and the fishway unit 18) can be inserted into the insertion hole 30 in a shape other than a circle so that the predetermined angle (10 degrees to 30 degrees, for example, 20 degrees) can be rotated around the connecting portion of the units. For example, it may be horizontally long (long hole). In this case, the angle adjustment between the units can be performed at the site where the assembly type fishway 10 is installed.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described form, and all changes in conditions and the like that do not depart from the gist are within the scope of application of the present invention.
For example, three or more fishway units may be provided, and a plurality of fishway units may be directly connected without using a water storage unit.
Furthermore, the number of partition plates provided in one fishway unit is not limited to three, but two or four or more partition plates can be provided, and the number of partition plates can be changed by the fishway unit. .
And an inflow unit, a fishway unit, and a water storage unit can be formed using metals other than stainless steel, such as iron, aluminum, and titanium.

10: Assembly type fishway, 11: Step structure, 12: Bottom plate, 13, 14: Side wall plate, 15-17: Partition plate, 18, 18a: Fishway unit, 19: Notch, 20: Water storage unit, 21: Inflow Unit: 22: Inclined surface, 23: Bottom plate, 24: Side wall plate, 25: Through hole, 26, 27: Notch at the end, 28: Bolt, 29: Nut, 30: Insertion hole

Claims (7)

Inclined arrangement comprising a bottom plate, side wall plates provided on both left and right sides of the bottom plate, and a plurality of partition plates provided with lower ends in contact with or close to the bottom plate and left and right ends in contact with the side wall plate A plurality of fishway units are assembled fishways provided along the river flow,
A notch having a bottom position lower than the height of the side wall plate is provided at the top of the partition plate. In the partition plate adjacent to the flow direction of each fishway unit, the notch differs in the left-right direction. Formed in position,
Further, the plurality of fishway units are connected directly or via a water storage unit, and the bottom plates of the fishway units connected adjacently along the flow direction have different inclination angles. Ceremony fishway. 2. The assembly-type fishway according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle is in the range of more than 0 degrees and less than 60 degrees. The assembly-type fishway according to claim 2, wherein the fishway unit is connected using a plurality of screw members. In the assembly-type fishway of any one of Claims 1-3, the said partition plate has the height of 1/3 or more with respect to the said side wall plate,
The notch has a vertical width and a horizontal width that are 2/3 or less of the vertical width and the horizontal width of the partition plate, respectively. The assembly type fishway of any one of Claims 1-4 WHEREIN: The upper end of the said partition plate inclines below toward the edge part in each right-and-left area | region, The assembly type fishway characterized by the above-mentioned. The assembly-type fishway according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the notch is a quadrangle. The assembly-type fishway according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fishway unit is made of metal.

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