JP3157813U - LED sphere - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an easy-to-use LED bulb that can be handled in the same manner as a miniature bulb. An LED bulb 15 that is used by being screwed into a light bulb socket includes an LED 17, a first external terminal P to which a positive voltage is applied, and a negative voltage that is connected to a cathode terminal of the LED. (2) Installed between the external terminal N, the first external terminal and the anode terminal of the LED, and when the positive voltage is less than a predetermined voltage, the positive voltage is applied to the LED 17 via the first resistor 48 connected in series. The When the positive voltage is equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage, the Zener diode 50 is turned on, and the positive voltage is applied to the LED 17 through the second resistor having a resistance value smaller than the resistance value of the first resistor 48 in the equivalent series resistance. The illuminance of the LED 17 becomes larger. Thereby, an increase in applied voltage can be easily recognized as an increase in illuminance of the LED 17. [Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an LED bulb, and more particularly to an LED bulb used in an energization experiment apparatus that serves as a teaching material for an elementary school.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing the appearance of an energization experiment apparatus used in a conventional elementary school or the like.

  Referring to the figure, an energization test apparatus 55 includes a miniature light bulb 73 whose base is screwed into a light bulb socket 57, a battery box 58 in which a dry battery 28 is housed, and an operation switch 65 having an operation lever 66. Each of them is connected to each other by a first electric wire 68, a second electric wire 69, and a third electric wire 70.

In the experiment, it is learned that when the operation lever 66 of the operation switch 65 is pushed down in the set state as described above, an electric current is generated and the miniature light bulb 73 is lit.
In addition, the structure of the DC booster circuit for lighting LED (Light Emitting Diode) is disclosed (refer patent document 1).

JP 2009-118589 A

  In the conventional energization experiment apparatus as described above, the miniature light bulb has been mainly used as described above. By the way, as LED manufacturing technology advances in recent years, so-called incandescent lamps such as miniature light bulbs are changing to LED lighting because of its durability and other advantages, and it is no exception as elementary school teaching materials.

  However, replacing LEDs with miniature bulbs has problems with the characteristics of LEDs. For example, in the case of miniature bulbs, the illuminance clearly increases when the number of batteries applied to each of the terminals is increased, but the illuminance does not change so significantly in the LED. Therefore, it cannot be said that it is convenient to use the LED for teaching materials such as an energization experiment apparatus.

  In Patent Document 1, since the DC voltage for lighting the LED is merely used, the above problem is not solved.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an easy-to-use LED bulb that can be handled in the same manner as a miniature light bulb.

  In order to achieve the above object, the device according to claim 1 is an LED bulb used by being screwed into a light bulb socket, the LED, a first external terminal to which a positive voltage is applied, and a negative voltage. Is applied between the second external terminal connected to the cathode terminal of the LED, and between the first external terminal and the anode terminal of the LED, and when the positive voltage is less than a predetermined voltage, the positive voltage is When the plus voltage is applied to the LED through the connected first resistor and the plus voltage is equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage, the plus voltage is connected in series through the second resistor having a resistance value smaller than the resistance value of the first resistor. And illuminance adjusting means for adjusting the illuminance of the LED.

  If comprised in this way, when a positive voltage will become more than a predetermined voltage, LED will become an illumination intensity larger than the increase in illumination intensity only by the increase part of a voltage.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, the illuminance adjusting means includes a first resistor, a Zener diode connected in series and a third resistor connected in parallel, one of which is the first. The other terminal is connected to the external terminal, and the other is connected to the LED, and the Zener diode is turned on when the positive voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage, and the entire resistance value becomes the resistance value of the second resistor.

  If comprised in this way, when a positive voltage will increase more than predetermined voltage, an illumination intensity adjustment means will become a resistance structure from a series to a parallel.

  The invention described in claim 3 is the configuration of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, further comprising boosting means for boosting the applied positive voltage and applying it to the illuminance adjusting means.

  If comprised in this way, even when a plus voltage is low, the illumination intensity change by an illumination intensity adjustment means will arise largely.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the third aspect of the present invention, the device further comprises a base having a central contact portion and a body portion screwed into the socket, and a control board accommodated in the base. The terminal and the second external terminal are connected to the central contact portion and the body portion, the illuminance adjusting means and the boosting means are configured by a control circuit formed on the control board, and the LED is integrally attached to the base. Are connected to the control circuit.

  If comprised in this way, it will become a form similar to a miniature light bulb.

  As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the positive voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage, the LED has a larger illuminance than the increase in illuminance due to the increase in voltage, so the effect due to the change in voltage can be seen more clearly. can do.

  In addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the invention described in claim 2 has a resistance structure in which the illuminance adjusting means has a series to parallel resistance when the positive voltage increases to a predetermined voltage or higher. Is reliably reduced, and the applied voltage to the LED is increased accordingly.

  In addition to the effects of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the invention described in claim 3 causes a large change in illuminance due to the illuminance adjusting means even when the positive voltage is low, so the number of dry batteries used is reduced. However, the phenomenon of voltage increase becomes clear.

  In addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 3, the invention described in claim 4 has the same form as the miniature light bulb, so that it is easy to handle.

It is the perspective view which showed the external appearance shape of the LED bulb | ball by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the disassembled perspective view which showed each component of the LED ball | bowl shown in FIG. It is the schematic which showed the circuit structure of the LED ball | bowl shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed schematic structure of the electricity supply experiment apparatus using the LED ball | bowl shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the energization test apparatus when the polarity of the dry battery is set incorrectly in the energization experiment apparatus shown in FIG. 4. It is the schematic which showed the circuit structure of the LED ball corresponding to the use condition shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which two dry batteries are set in series, corresponding to the energization test apparatus shown in FIG. 4. It is the schematic which showed the circuit structure of the LED ball corresponding to the electricity supply experiment apparatus shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed schematic structure of the electricity supply experiment apparatus using the conventional miniature light bulb.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the external shape of an LED sphere according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view thereof.

  Referring to these drawings, the LED ball 15 includes an LED 17 having an anode terminal 23 and a cathode terminal 24, a control board 25 on which a control circuit described later is mounted, a base 19 screwed into a socket described later, and It is composed of A connection line 26 a and a connection line 26 b are attached to the control board 25, and these are connected to the body part 20 and the central contact part 21 of the base 19.

  Each of the anode terminal 23 and the cathode terminal 24 of the LED 17 is connected to a control circuit of the control board 25 as will be described later. The control board 25 is housed inside the base 19 with the LED 17 connected to the completed state shown in FIG. In this state, the configuration is almost the same as the configuration of the conventional miniature light bulb 73 shown in FIG.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing specific contents of the control circuit mounted on the control board 25 shown in FIG.

  Referring to the figure, the control circuit 27 mounted on the control board 25 includes an electrode control means 31, a boosting means 33, and an illuminance adjusting means 35. Hereinafter, each means will be described sequentially.

  The electrode control means 31 is configured around a diode bridge 38. A node N2 of the diode bridge 38 is connected to an input (external) terminal P to which a positive voltage (1.5 V) of the dry battery 28 is applied via a connection line 26a. On the other hand, the node N3 is connected to an input (external) terminal N to which a negative voltage of the dry battery 28 is applied via a connection line 26b. In this example, the diode bridge 38 is such that a voltage corresponding to the positive voltage applied to the node N2 appears at the node N1, and a voltage corresponding to the negative voltage applied to the node N3 appears at the node N4. Is structured.

  The step-up means 33 is connected between the step-up coil 40 and the rectifier diode 45 connected in series to the node N1, and a node N6 between the step-up coil 40 and the rectifier diode 45 and a node N7 connected to the node N4. An FET (Metal Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) 42 and a smoothing capacitor 46 connected between a node N8 on the downstream side of the rectifier diode 45 and a node N9 connected to the node N4.

  The drain of the FET 42 is connected to the node N6, and the source is connected to the node N7. Further, the control IC 43 is connected to the gate of the FET 42, and the control IC 43 is connected so that the voltage of the node N 5 on the upstream side of the booster coil 40 is applied. The control IC 43 controls the switching operation of the FET 42 using the voltage (0.9 V) generated at the node N5 as a drive source. As a result, the voltage appearing at the node N1 is boosted to a predetermined voltage (2.8 V) and output to the illuminance adjusting means 35 via the node N8.

  The illuminance adjusting means 35 is configured in a state where a load is paralleled between a node N10 connected to the output side of the boosting means 33 and a node N11 connected to the anode side of the LED 17. One load is a resistor 48 (first resistor), and the other load is connected in parallel therewith, where a Zener diode 50 and a resistor 51 are connected in series. The Zener diode 50 has a cathode connected to the node N10 and an anode connected to the resistor 51.

  A standard (zener voltage: 3 V) Zener diode 50 is used so that the voltage (2.8 V) boosted by the booster 33 and appearing at the node N10 does not become conductive. Therefore, in this embodiment, the voltage appearing at the node N10 is divided using only the resistor 48 (first resistor) as a load resistance and applied to the LED 17. In this way, the LED 17 can be turned on only by the voltage from the dry battery 28.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an energization test apparatus using the LED sphere shown in FIG.

  Referring to the drawing, an energization experiment device 55 is composed of an LED ball 15 screwed into a light bulb socket 57, a battery box 58 in which a dry battery 28 is set, and an operation switch 65 having an operation lever 66. Yes. The battery box 58 is provided with a storage body 59 for storing the dry battery 28, and a connection terminal plate 60 a and a connection terminal plate 60 b attached to the inner side of the storage body 59 in an opposed state. The dry battery 28 is set so that the positive electrode 62 and the negative electrode 63 of the dry battery 28 are in contact with these.

  The light bulb socket 57 and the battery box 58 are connected by a first electric wire 68, the light bulb socket 57 and the operation switch 65 are connected by a second electric wire 69, and the operation switch 65 and the battery box 58 are connected by a third electric wire 70, respectively. ing. When the operation lever 66 of the operation switch 65 is pushed down in the set state as described above, the voltage of the dry battery 28 is applied to the LED bulb 15 through the light bulb socket 57. This voltage (1.5 V) is low for lighting the LED bulb 15, but is boosted by the boosting means built in the LED bulb 15 and applied to the LED as described above. Thereby, sufficient illuminance of the LED bulb 15 can be obtained only by the voltage of the dry battery 28. As a result, an experiment similar to that of a conventional miniature bulb can be performed by the LED bulb 15.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4, and is a schematic perspective view of an energization test apparatus showing a state in which the polarity of the dry battery is set incorrectly.

  Referring to the figure, positive electrode 62 and negative electrode 63 of dry battery 28 are set in battery box 58 in the opposite directions. In this state, there is no problem with a conventional miniature light bulb, but a general LED will not light up. However, in this embodiment, even when the polarity of the dry battery 28 is mistakenly set in the battery box 58 in this way, the LED bulb 15 can be lit in the same manner as in the state of FIG. Become.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a circuit configuration of the LED sphere 15 corresponding to FIG.

  Referring to the figure, the difference from FIG. 3 is the polarity of the dry battery 28. That is, a negative voltage is applied to the input terminal P, and a positive voltage is applied to the input terminal N. Therefore, a voltage corresponding to the negative voltage is applied to the node N2 in the diode bridge 38 of the electrode control means 31, and a voltage corresponding to the positive voltage is applied to the node N3. However, due to the configuration of the diode bridge 38, in this case, a voltage corresponding to the voltage of the node N3 appears at the node N1. That is, the voltage appearing at the node N1 shown in FIG. 3 is exactly the same as the voltage appearing at the node N1 shown in FIG. Also, the voltage appearing at the node N4 shown in FIG. 3 is exactly the same as the voltage appearing at the node N4 shown in FIG. Therefore, the voltage applied to the LED 17 through the booster 33 and the illuminance adjustment unit 35 is exactly the same.

  Thus, in the LED ball 15 according to this embodiment, the LED 17 can be lit with the same illuminance regardless of the polarity of the dry battery 28. Therefore, it becomes an apparatus that is easy to use for teaching materials for elementary school students.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4, and is a schematic perspective view of an energization experiment apparatus showing a state in which two dry batteries are connected in series.

  Referring to the drawing, two dry batteries 28a and dry batteries 28b are set in series in a housing 59 of battery box 58. Therefore, the voltage applied to the LED sphere 15 is twice that of FIG. 4 unless otherwise processed, so that the illuminance increases. However, the illuminance does not double due to the characteristics of the LED. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the number of dry batteries is increased, the LED sphere 15 is configured such that the change appears more clearly as the illuminance of the LED sphere 15.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a circuit configuration corresponding to FIG.

  Referring to the figure, the positive voltage (3.0 V) applied to input terminal P as described above is twice that shown in FIG. Then, the voltage (3.2 V) boosted by the boosting means 33 with respect to the voltage (2.4 V) appearing at the node N5 appears larger at the node N10 of the illuminance adjusting means 35 than in FIG. When the increased voltage (3.2 V) of the node N10 becomes a predetermined voltage (3.0 V), that is, a Zener voltage or more, the Zener diode 50 is brought into conduction from the cathode to the anode, and between the node N10 and the node N11. Changes to a parallel state of the resistor 48 (first resistor) and the Zener diode 50 and the resistor 51 in series. Therefore, when the resistance of the entire equivalent series circuit between the node N10 and the node N11 is considered as the second resistance, the resistance value is lower than the resistance value of the first resistance, and as a result, the voltage of the node N11 is reduced. Compared to the one indicated by 3, it rises significantly. As a result, the illuminance of the LED 17 changes greatly compared to the configuration in which the Zener diode 50 and the resistor 51 are not connected. As a result, it becomes possible to more clearly observe the change due to the number of dry cells as the illuminance change of the LED 17.

  In this embodiment, a Zener diode 50 and a resistor 51 combined in series are connected in parallel to the resistor 48 to emphasize a two-stage change in illuminance with 3V as a threshold value. Similarly, if a combination of these elements is further connected in parallel to achieve conduction of a Zener diode by another voltage exceeding 3 V, a circuit that emphasizes changes in illuminance in three or more stages can be obtained.

  In the above embodiment, a Zener diode is used as a part of the parallel resistor as the illuminance adjusting means, but other circuit configurations may be used as long as the same control can be performed.

  In the above embodiment, the LED sphere includes the electrode control means and the boosting means, but these are not necessarily required.

  Furthermore, in said embodiment, although LED bulb | ball is used for the electricity supply experiment apparatus, it cannot be overemphasized that it can be used for another use.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the electrode control means, the boosting means, and the illuminance adjustment means are mounted on one control board, but these are mounted on separate control boards and configured to be connected to each other. Also good. In this case, if these control boards are all housed in the base of the LED sphere, the same external shape is obtained, and the usability is not changed.

15 ... LED sphere 17 ... LED
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 19 ... Base 20 ... Body 21 ... Central contact part 23 ... Anode terminal 24 ... Cathode terminal 25 ... Control board 31 ... Electrode control means 33 ... Boosting means 35 ... Illuminance adjustment means 50 ... Zener diode 57 ... Light bulb socket Each figure The same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (4)

An LED bulb used by screwing into a light bulb socket,
LED,
A first external terminal to which a positive voltage is applied;
A second external terminal to which a negative voltage is applied and connected to the cathode terminal of the LED;
Installed between the first external terminal and the anode terminal of the LED, when the positive voltage is less than a predetermined voltage, the positive voltage is applied to the LED through a first resistor connected in series; When the plus voltage is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage, the plus voltage is applied to the LED through a second resistor connected in series and having a resistance value smaller than the resistance value of the first resistor, thereby adjusting the illuminance of the LED. An LED sphere comprising illuminance adjusting means for performing the operation.     In the illuminance adjusting means, the first resistor, a Zener diode and a third resistor connected in series are connected in parallel, one is connected to the first external terminal, and the other is connected to the LED. 2. The LED sphere according to claim 1, wherein the diode is turned on when the positive voltage becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined voltage, and an overall resistance value becomes a resistance value of the second resistance.   The apparatus further includes boosting means for boosting the applied positive voltage and applying the boosted voltage to the illuminance adjusting means. The LED sphere according to claim 1 or 2. A base having a central contact part and a body part screwed into the socket, and a control board accommodated in the base;
The first external terminal and the second external terminal are connected to the central contact portion and the body portion,
The illuminance adjusting means and the boosting means are configured by a control circuit formed on the control board,
The LED sphere according to claim 3, wherein the LED is integrally attached to the base and connected to the control circuit.

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