JP3155899B2 - Gas turbine combustor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustor for a gas turbine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A combustor of a gas turbine is provided with a swirler for generating a swirling flow in the combustion chamber in order to efficiently burn the compressed air supplied to the combustion chamber and the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve. (See JP-A-58-153021).

[0003] As a combustor for a gas turbine, there is a conventional combustor as shown in FIG. 9 for example.

[0004] To explain this, the combustor 1 is provided with a swirler cylinder 3 on the upstream side of the combustion cylinder 2 and the swirler cylinder 3
A secondary air supply port 12, a dilution air supply port 13, and the like are opened further downstream (to the left in the figure).

[0005] Compressed air sent from a compressor (not shown) is heated by a heat exchanger, and then, through a duct 10 and an outer liner 11, as shown by an arrow in the figure, from a direction opposite to a direction in which combustion gas is ejected from a combustion cylinder 2 and a swirler. It is guided along the outer periphery of the cylinder 3.

[0006] A fuel injection valve 4 is provided inside the swirler cylinder 3, and fuel injected from the fuel injection valve 4 burns with air introduced into the combustion cylinder 2 to become high-temperature gas to drive a turbine (not shown). It has become. In the figure, reference numeral 5 denotes an ignition plug.

[0007] A radial swirler 7 provided in the swirler cylinder 3 is integrally formed with a plurality of blades 6 arranged in a circumferential direction.
A swirling flow centering on the fuel injection valve 4 is generated in the air flow flowing into the swirler cylinder 3.

In the radial swirler 7, each of the substantially rectangular blades 6 is bent inward at a predetermined angle with respect to a tangent to the swirler tube 3, and an opening is formed in the swirler tube 3 at a portion where each blade 6 has come off. Is done.

The air flow flowing through the radial swirler 7 flows from the swirler cylinder 3 to the combustion cylinder 2 as indicated by an arrow in the figure.
And flows into the combustion cylinder 2 as a swirling flow centering on the fuel injection valve 4, and is mixed with the fuel spray injected from the fuel injection valve 4 while being drawn into the center of the combustion cylinder 2 to diffuse and burn the flame. Stabilize.

In this case, the air flow which has flowed in from the front end side of the swirler cylinder 3 is ejected toward a nozzle front surface of the fuel injection valve 4 by a baffle body (not shown) arranged around the fuel injection valve 4 for scavenging. There is something to make.

By ejecting the scavenging air to the front of the nozzle, carbon is prevented from being deposited on the nozzle surface.

The swirler cylinder 3 is a combustor cap (holder).
14 are fastened through a plurality of bolts 8 and nuts 9. The baffle body is screwed to a boss formed on the combustor cap 14.

[0013]

However, such a conventional combustor has a structure in which the swirler cylinder 3 is fastened to the combustor cap 14 through a plurality of bolts 8 and nuts 9. In order to ensure sufficient airtightness between the combustor cap 14 and the swirler cylinder 3, it is necessary to increase the number of bolts 8 or increase the thickness of the joining flange 15 of the swirler cylinder 3 to the combustor cap 14. There is a problem that the structure becomes complicated and the weight increases.

If the cooling of the peripheral portion of the bolt 8 is insufficient, there is a possibility that the bolt 8 and the like may seize to the swirler cylinder 3, and there is a problem that it is difficult to attach and detach the swirler cylinder 3. In addition, there is a possibility that the screw portion of the baffle body may also be seized, which makes it difficult to attach and detach the baffle body, thereby causing a problem that deterioration of the maintainability is caused.

The present invention pays attention to the above-mentioned problems, simplifies the structure, reduces the weight, and removes and attaches the swirler cylinder and the baffle body.
Provided is a structure capable of easily performing positioning.

[0016]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a cylindrical swirler cylinder is formed upstream of a combustion cylinder, a fuel injection valve is disposed inside the swirler cylinder, and the fuel injection valve is centered on the swirler cylinder. A fuel injection valve is installed in a gas turbine combustor having a radial swirler that generates a swirling air flow and a baffle body that injects scavenging air toward the front of the nozzle around the fuel injection valve. A boss portion for receiving the base end portion of the baffle body is formed on the holder, and the base end portion of the baffle body is aligned with the boss portion, the distal end portion of the swirler tube is fitted around the boss portion, and the inner surface of the swirler tube and the radial swirler are fitted. The blade and the boss portion sandwich the base end portion of the baffle body and provide a holding means for holding the swirler cylinder to the holder.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the holding means comprises a bendable locking claw provided on the swirler cylinder, and an engaging portion provided on a holder which engages with the locking claw.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the restraining means comprises an outer diameter caulking for driving a part of the peripheral surface of the swirler cylinder into an engaging portion provided on the holder.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the restraining means comprises a snap piece provided on the swirler cylinder and an engaging portion provided on a holder which engages with a projection of the snap piece.

In a fifth aspect of the present invention, the blade of the radial swirler has a notch at an end between a base end side and a peripheral surface side of the baffle body so as not to contact the baffle body.

[0021]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, when assembling a baffle body and a combustion cylinder to a holder on which a fuel injection valve is mounted, the base end of the baffle body is aligned with a boss formed on the holder, and a swirler cylinder is provided on the outer periphery thereof. The swirler cylinder is attached to the holder by the engagement means by fitting the distal end portion and assembling.

In this state, the base end of the baffle body is formed by the inner surface of the swirler cylinder, the blade of the radial swirler, and the boss.
It is positioned and clamped. For this reason, a screw portion for fixing is not required in the baffle body.

Further, since the tip of the swirler cylinder is fitted to the boss side, it is not necessary to increase the thickness of the swirler cylinder in order to secure airtightness, and the restraining means can restrain the swirler cylinder in the axial direction. Is good. Therefore, an increase in the number of parts and an increase in weight can be avoided.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the swirler cylinder is held by the holder by bending the locking claw of the swirler cylinder to engage with the engaging portion of the holder. When disassembling, the locking claw may be removed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the swirler cylinder is held by an outer diameter caulking which drives a part of the peripheral surface of the swirler cylinder into the engaging portion of the holder.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the swivel cylinder is held by engaging the projection of the snap piece with the engaging portion of the holder.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the blade end of the radial swirler from coming into contact with the baffle body and becoming difficult to assemble.

[0028]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, in a combustor 20 of a gas turbine, a swirler cylinder 22 is integrally formed upstream of a combustion cylinder 21, and a fuel injection valve 24 is mounted on a combustor cap (holder) 23. . A fuel injection valve 24 is disposed inside the swirler cylinder 22, and a baffle body 2 is provided around the fuel injection valve 24.
5 are provided. In the figure, reference numeral 29 denotes an ignition plug.

Compressed air sent from a compressor (not shown) is heated by a heat exchanger, and then heated by a heat exchanger.
And flows into the combustion cylinder 21 as a swirling flow around the fuel injection valve 24 and is ejected to the front of the nozzle 26 by the baffle body 25 to flow into the combustion cylinder 21 and open downstream thereof. The air flows from the secondary air supply port 27 and the dilution air supply port 28. The fuel injected from the fuel injection valve 24 burns with the air introduced into the combustion cylinder 21 to become high-temperature gas, which drives a turbine (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 2, the radial swirler 30 provided in the swirler cylinder 22 having a cylindrical shape is formed by integrally forming a plurality of blades 31 side by side in the circumferential direction. Each of the substantially rectangular blades 31 is bent inward at a predetermined angle with respect to the tangential direction of the swirler cylinder 22, and an opening 32 is formed in the swirler cylinder 22 at a portion where each blade 31 has come off.

The combustor cap 23 is mounted on the outer wall of the engine of the gas turbine via a plurality of bolts. As shown in FIG. 3, the combustor cap 23 has a joining flange 33 to the outer wall of the engine, a boss 34 to which the fuel injection valve 24 is mounted, and a boss 35 to which the spark plug 29 is mounted.

Further, the combustor cap 23 is attached to the boss 3
A boss 36 to which the tip of the swirler cylinder 22 is fitted is formed outside the swirler 4. The boss portion 36 is formed at a predetermined height, a fitting portion 37 for fitting to the swirler cylinder 22 is formed on the outer periphery of the distal end, and a step is provided between the boss portion 36 and the base portion 38.

At several locations in the circumferential direction of the boss portion 36, grooves 40 are formed from the fitting portion 37 to the base portion 38 to the engagement holes 39 provided in the base portion 38. The base 38 has air introduction holes 41 communicating with the outside and the inside of the boss 36 at several places in the circumferential direction similarly to the engagement holes 39.

As shown in FIG. 2, at the tip of the swirler cylinder 22, grooves 4 of the boss 36 are formed at several places in the circumferential direction.
An engaging claw 42 that engages with the engagement hole 39 and the engagement hole 39 protrudes in the axial direction.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the baffle body 25 has a front end 44 having a predetermined opening 43 and a front end 4.
A peripheral wall portion 45 which is slightly tapered from the peripheral wall portion 45;
And a flange-shaped base end portion 46 provided on the outer periphery of the rear end.

The outer diameter of the base end 46 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the fitting portion 37 of the boss 36. Projection pieces 47 are formed in the axial direction at several places in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral portion of the base end portion 46.

When assembling the baffle body 25 and the combustion cylinder 21 to the combustor cap 23, the fuel injection valve 24 is mounted on the boss 34 of the combustor cap 23, and the baffle body 25 is attached to the tip of the boss 36. Align the base end 46 of
The tip of the swirler cylinder 22 is fitted into the fitting portion 37 on the outer periphery of the tip of the boss 36.

The baffle body 25 is formed by
By inserting the groove 7 into the groove 40 of the boss portion 36, the base end portion 46 is easily fitted to the tip of the boss portion 36, and the position is not shifted.

The swirler cylinder 22 overlaps the locking claw 42 at the tip with the protruding piece 47 of the baffle body 25 and the groove 40 of the boss 36.
, The tip is fitted into the fitting portion 37 of the boss portion 36.

When the blade 31 of the radial swirler 30 of the swirler cylinder 22 is fitted until the blade 31 comes into contact with the base end 46 of the baffle body 25, the tip of the locking claw 42 is bent inward to engage the boss 36. The hole 39 is engaged.

The blade 31 of the radial swirler 30
The end 48 between the base end 46 side and the peripheral surface side of the baffle body 25 has its tip at a predetermined angle or in FIG. 6 so as not to come into contact with the baffle body 25 and hinder assembly. It is chamfered into a curved shape as shown.

Because of this, the baffle body 25 is
The inner surface of the swirler 22, the blade 31 of the radial swirler 30 and the boss 36 of the combustor cap 23 are easily positioned and supported.

The tip of the swirler cylinder 22 is connected to the boss 3
6, the swirler cylinder 22 does not need to be thick in order to ensure airtightness. For this reason, weight reduction is achieved.

The tip of the swirler cylinder 22 is connected to the boss 3
6, the swirler cylinder 2 is merely restrained in the axial direction by the locking claw 42 provided on the swirler cylinder 22.
2 are easily detained.

Therefore, the number of parts can be reduced, the structure can be simplified, and the baffle body 25 and the swirler cylinder 22 of the combustion cylinder 21 can be easily assembled to the combustor cap 23.

On the other hand, when removing the swirler cylinder 22 and the baffle body 25, if the locking claw 42 is removed, it can be easily disassembled, thereby improving the maintainability.

The scavenging air to the baffle body 25 is
The baffle body 25 is inserted through the air introduction hole 41 provided in the
And is ejected toward the front surface of the nozzle 26.

FIG. 7 shows a configuration in which a snap piece 50 is provided at the tip of the swirler cylinder 22 instead of providing the locking claw 42 described above.

In this case, the tip of the snap piece 50 is bent to form a projection 51 inside. The engaging portion that engages with the protrusion 51 is formed on the base 38 (see FIG. 3 and the like in the previous figure) of the boss 36 of the combustor cap 23.
The engaging portion is formed in a square hole shape or a square groove shape so as to surely engage.

According to this, the swirler cylinder 22 can be easily attached and detached.

A recess is provided in the fitting portion 37 of the boss portion 36 of the combustor cap 23 (see FIG. 3 and the like), and a part 52 of the peripheral surface of the swirler cylinder 22 is driven into the recess as shown in FIG. It can also be fixed by outer diameter caulking. However, this requires caulking for each assembly after maintenance.

[0053]

As described above, in the first invention, a cylindrical swirler cylinder is formed upstream of the combustion cylinder, the fuel injection valve is disposed inside the swirler cylinder, and the fuel injection valve is centered on the swirler cylinder. A fuel injection valve is installed in a gas turbine combustor having a radial swirler that generates a swirling air flow and a baffle body that injects scavenging air toward the front of the nozzle around the fuel injection valve. A boss portion for receiving the base end portion of the baffle body is formed on the holder, and the base end portion of the baffle body is aligned with the boss portion, the distal end portion of the swirler tube is fitted around the boss portion, and the inner surface of the swirler tube and the radial swirler are fitted. The baffle body and the swirler cylinder are sandwiched between the blade and the boss, and the holding means for holding the swirler cylinder on the holder is provided. Positioning, It can be carried out only with easily.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the locking claw provided on the swirler cylinder is bent and engaged with the engaging portion of the holder, the swirler cylinder can be easily attached and detached.

According to the third invention, the swirler cylinder can be easily held by the outer diameter caulking.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the projection of the snap piece provided on the swirler cylinder is engaged with the engaging portion of the holder, the swirler cylinder can be more easily attached and detached.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the blade end of the radial swirler from coming into contact with the baffle body and becoming difficult to assemble.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a combustor showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a combustion cylinder and a swirler cylinder.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a combustor cap (holder).

FIG. 4 is a front view of a baffle body.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a blade of a radial swirler.

FIG. 7 is a partial side view of a restraining means of another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view of a restraining means of another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a combustor showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 Combustor 21 Combustion cylinder 22 Swirler cylinder 23 Combustor cap 24 Fuel injection valve 25 Baffle body 26 Nozzle 30 Radial swirler 31 Blade 36 Boss part 37 Fitting part 39 Engagement hole 40 Groove 41 Air introduction hole 42 Locking claw 46 Base end part 47 Projection piece 48 End part 50 Snap piece 51 Projection part

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Kenji Yamamori 3-5-1 Momoi, Suginami-ku, Tokyo Nissan Aerospace Engineering Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-5-248637 (JP, A) JP-A-53-146017 (JP, A) JP-A-58-153021 (JP, A) JP-A-58-77269 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F23R 3/60 F23R 3/12

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A radial swirler having a cylindrical swirler cylinder formed upstream of a combustion cylinder, a fuel injection valve disposed inside the swirler cylinder, and a swirling airflow centered on the fuel injection valve in the swirler cylinder. In a gas turbine combustor having a swirler and a baffle body that injects scavenging air toward the front of the nozzle around the fuel injection valve, the base end of the baffle body is attached to a holder for mounting the fuel injection valve. The swivel tube is fitted to the outer periphery of the baffle body with the base end of the baffle body fitted to the boss portion. A combustor for a gas turbine, comprising a holding means for holding a base end portion and holding a swirler cylinder to a holder. 2. The combustion of the gas turbine according to claim 1, wherein the holding means comprises a bendable locking claw provided on the swirler cylinder, and an engaging portion provided on a holder that engages with the locking claw. vessel. 3. The gas turbine combustor according to claim 1, wherein the restraining means comprises an outer diameter caulking for driving a part of a peripheral surface of the swirler cylinder into an engaging portion provided on the holder. 4. The gas turbine combustor according to claim 1, wherein the holding means comprises a snap piece provided on the swirler cylinder, and an engaging part provided on a holder that engages with a protrusion of the snap piece. 5. The gas turbine according to claim 1, wherein the blade of the radial swirler has a notch at an end between a base end and a peripheral surface of the baffle so as not to contact the baffle. Combustor.