JP3149498B2 - Garbage processing machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage disposer for treating garbage, that is, garbage, used for ordinary households and businesses.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, kitchen waste generated in a kitchen is disintegrated by using a disposer that pulverizes the waste into the sewage, a garbage dewatering machine that recovers the waste by pulverization and dehydration, and heating means such as a microwave, a heater or steam. Processing is performed using a kitchen waste treatment machine that completely incinerates or collects by drying.

[0003]

These conventional garbage processing machines have the following problems. Disposers have a significantly higher BOD for treated effluents, placing a burden on sewage treatment plants. Given the current low sewerage penetration in Japan, this is not an appropriate treatment method.

[0004] The garbage dewatering machine does not treat the collected crushed garbage, so that it is liable to rot and may cause a bad smell or a pest or a pathogen.

[0005] Garbage disposal machines using heating means have been detoxified, deodorized, and reduced in weight by incineration and drying to solve the above-mentioned problems. However, the following new problems have arisen. I have. First, the incineration requires a structure capable of withstanding high temperatures, and requires extremely high durability and safety. Secondly, even in the case of a method in which only the drying treatment is performed and the incineration is not performed, there is a problem that a large amount of odor and steam are temporarily generated from the kitchen waste during the heating treatment. For this reason, in order to install the apparatus indoors, exhaust equipment is required, which results in large-scale equipment.

Another problem common to conventional kitchen waste disposal machines is that the kitchen waste disposal machine itself is a source of odor. In other words, the garbage rots while the garbage after the pre-treatment is being stored, and this odor becomes a problem.

An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional structure as described above, and the first object of the present invention is to provide a garbage disposal machine which can be used indoors without causing a rotten smell. The purpose is. It is a second object of the present invention to provide a kitchen waste disposal machine capable of realizing a constant odor removal with a simple configuration.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems A first means of the present invention for achieving the first object comprises a blowing section for blowing air for drying kitchen garbage and a heating section for heating the air. A hot air generating means, a drying chamber for drying the garbage, and a condensing means for condensing a gas containing steam generated from the garbage to remove water, and the hot air generating means is provided downstream of the condensing means. Having a circulation path for sending the gas from which water has been removed by the condensation means to the hot air generation means again,
The circulation path is provided between the blowing unit and the condensing means, an air intake port for taking in air from outside, an air discharge port for discharging gas to the outside disposed between the heating unit and the drying chamber, and the air A refuse treatment machine having a deodorizing section for deodorizing gas in a circulation path provided downstream of the discharge port.

Further, a third means of the present invention for achieving the second object has the structure of the first means of the present invention,
A garbage disposal machine in which a heating section incorporates one or two types of adsorbents selected from zeolite and activated carbon.

[0010]

The first means of the present invention operates as follows.
Since drying is performed by hot air, the drying temperature is lower than that of conventional incineration, and is not at a level at which the heat resistance of equipment becomes a problem. In addition, this hot air is circulated in a somewhat closed path, and only the gas intentionally exhausted from the circulation path is deodorized using the air intake and air exhaust ports, thereby producing a large amount of odor at once. Also easily and completely deodorized
can do. In addition, the position of the air
Pressure side and positive pressure side
The gas in the circulation path can be exhausted naturally without suction and exhaust
Gas sent from the air outlet to the deodorizing section
Highest temperature and lowest humidity in the route,
It can smell.

Further, according to the second means of the present invention, it is possible to deodorize at room temperature by an extremely simple method, to cut off the source of a constant odor, and without replacing the adsorbent for deodorizing. It can be used semi-permanently.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a drying room for drying garbage, which is provided with a garbage container 2 for storing garbage therein, a hot air outlet 3 at a bottom portion, and can be closed by a lid 4. The trash container 2 is detachable from the drying chamber 1. Also,
It is made of a breathable material, for example, a mesh structure, and hot air coming out of the hot air outlet 3 can directly hit the kitchen waste inside. Reference numeral 5 denotes a heating unit, which comprises a heater 6 and one or two types of adsorbents 7 selected from zeolite and activated carbon. Reference numeral 8 denotes a blower that is composed of a fan or the like that blows air for drying the garbage. The air sent from the blower 8 is heated by the heating unit 5 to become hot air, and passes through the hot air outlet 3. It is configured to be sent into the drying chamber 1. That is, the blowing unit 8 and the heating unit 5 for heating the air constitute hot air generating means. Reference numeral 9 denotes a condensing means for condensing a gas containing steam generated from kitchen waste to remove water, and is constituted by a fin tube and a cooling fan, etc., and condenses and removes the steam generated in the drying chamber 1 by cooling. With the ability to The water cooled and condensed by the condensing means 9 is discharged to the outside through the drain hose 10. The condensing means 9 communicates with the blowing section 8 and constitutes a circulation path for sending the gas passing through the condensing means 9 to the blowing section 8 again.
11 is an air intake provided in this circulation path,
Inhale outside air. This suction is naturally performed by the suction pressure of the fan constituting the blower section 8 and the negative pressure generated when the steam condenses in the condensing means 9.
Similarly, reference numeral 12 denotes an air discharge port provided in the circulation path, which naturally discharges air to the outside by the pressure blown out by a fan constituting the blower section 8 and the expansion pressure of heat generated in the heating section 5. Reference numeral 13 denotes a deodorizing section, which includes a catalyst heating heater 14 and a honeycomb catalyst 15. In this embodiment, the catalyst 15 uses a platinum group metal supported on activated alumina or the like. The gas discharged from the air discharge port 12 is deodorized in the deodorizing section 13 and discharged to the outside.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. The user puts garbage in the trash container 2 and sets it in the drying room 1. The garbage container 2 is detachable from the apparatus, and the user does not need to carry the garbage to the apparatus, and can put the garbage into the garbage container 2 at a place where the garbage is generated and then set the garbage on the apparatus. So it is convenient. When the user closes the lid 4 and turns on a switch (not shown) in this manner, a control device (not shown) operates to operate the fan forming the blower unit 8, the cooling fan forming the condensing means 9, the heater 6, and the catalyst. The heater 14 is energized. The hot air generated by the blower 8 and the heater 5 enters the drying chamber 1 through the hot air outlet 3 and dries the garbage in the trash container 2. The trash container 2 has a mesh structure, and the kitchen waste inside is uniformly dried. At this time, the higher the temperature of the hot air, the shorter the drying time. However, if the temperature is too high, the garbage tends to carbonize. If the garbage is carbonized, burning odor and smoke are generated, making it difficult to deodorize. In addition, when plastic bags and the like are mixed, there is a risk that chlorine-based gas is generated. Therefore, in this embodiment, the temperature of the hot air is 150 ° C. near the hot air outlet 3.
About. Although the drying time becomes shorter as the flow velocity of the hot air becomes larger, there are problems such as noise.
letter / sec. And To achieve such a temperature and a flow velocity, electric power of 600 to 700 W is required. The kitchen waste in the garbage container 2 can be efficiently dried by making the kitchen waste fluid by means of stirring or the like to increase the surface area. However, the present invention does not refer to a method with high drying efficiency.

The gas generated from the kitchen waste in the drying chamber 1 reaches the condensing means 9 while containing a large amount of steam. Condensing means 9
Then the gas cools and the vapor condenses. The condensed water generated at this time is 1 kg of kitchen garbage (the average of the amount of garbage discharged by a family of four a day, and fish, meat, vegetables, fruits, grains, etc. are composed as a certain percentage of composition. In the present embodiment, hereinafter, 1 kg of kitchen garbage is represented as kitchen garbage of such a component), and it becomes about 500 to 700 cm ³ and flows down from the drain hose 10. Here, if the cooling method is water-cooled instead of air-cooled, the mechanical structure such as water piping becomes complicated, but the water-cooled method has higher cooling efficiency and condensed water generated when condensing is used for cooling. It is easy to use because it can flow together with the drainage of cooling water.

The dried gas from which water has been condensed and removed in this way is circulated again to the blowing section 8 and the heating section 5 at a temperature of about 50 ° C., and becomes hot air to dry the garbage again. In this case, in this embodiment, the blower unit 8 is installed on the downstream side of the condensing unit 9 and on the upstream side of the heating unit 5. In this way, the temperature of the blower 8 is set to the lowest temperature in this circulation path, and the fan constituting the blower 8 is located at a position that is least affected by the temperature. When the garbage is dried by such a circulating hot air drying method, the garbage finishes drying in about 3 to 4 hours.

In the drying step, odor components are generated from the kitchen waste. This odor component is most preferably deodorized by a catalytic oxidation method. This is because most of the odor components generated from kitchen garbage are organic substances, and the organic substances are decomposed into water and carbon dioxide only by being oxidized, and turned into odorless and harmless gas. This odor is converted to methane in 1 kg of garbage, resulting in a total amount of 6 to 8 liters. To oxidize this, 12 to 16 liters of oxygen and 100 liters of air are used.
Itter is required. Therefore, in this embodiment, the above-described air intake port 11 is provided in order to supply the auxiliary combustion air during the processing time of 3 to 4 hours. In the present embodiment, the air intake port 11 is provided on the upstream side of the blower 8, that is, on the suction side of the fan, and on the downstream side of the condenser 9. In this way, taking advantage of the fact that this place becomes negative pressure,
It tries to take in the outside air naturally. In this case, if a pressure type turbo fan is used as a fan constituting the blower section 8, a negative pressure is likely to occur, which is an effective means. Further, the size of the hole of the air intake 11 is important, and in this embodiment, the wind speed of the blower 8 is set to 5 lit.
ter / sec. In addition, the inside diameter of the pipe through which the air intake 11 is bored is 36 mm, and the hole diameter of the air intake 11 is 3 mm.
mm. The amount of air taken in under these conditions is 3
The time became 105 liters (1 cm ³ / sec.) In time, and a required amount of air could be obtained.

Next, the deodorization of odor components will be described in detail. The gas containing the odor in the circulation path is discharged to the deodorizing section 13 outside the circulation path through the air discharge port 12.
In this embodiment, the position of the air outlet 12 is on the upstream side of the heating unit 5 and on the downstream side of the drying chamber 1. The reason for this is that, first, at this position, the internal pressure of the circulation path at that position is high due to the expansion pressure due to the heat of the heating unit 5 and the pressure blown out by the fan that constitutes the blowing unit 8.
This is because the gas can be discharged outside without flowing backward. Secondly, this position is because the temperature of the gas in the circulation path is the highest and the humidity is the lowest. That is, oxidative deodorization becomes easy. Thirdly, the gas concentration in the circulation path at this position is low. That is, since the odor component is condensed with the vapor and removed to some extent by the condensing means 9, the odor concentration is relatively low, and the deodorization is further facilitated. The gas discharged from the air outlet 12 is oxidized and deodorized by the catalyst 15 heated by the catalyst heater 14 in the deodorizing section 13. The flow rate of the gas passing through the catalyst 15 is 1 cm ³ /
sec. It is sufficient if the volume of the catalyst 15 is as large as 10 cm ³ . That is, it is possible to deodorize with an extremely small catalyst. If the deodorizing section 13 is configured to directly deodorize the gas exhausted from the drying chamber 1 (this method is generally used), the flow rate of the hot air is estimated to be 1 liter.
r / sec. (If it is smaller than this, the drying time will increase significantly.) Even if the volume of the catalyst is 1.5 liter or more, it is necessary. Compared with the volume of the catalyst 15 of the present embodiment, the configuration of the present embodiment can be said to be a very effective means in terms of the cost of the catalyst and the electric power for heating the catalyst. In this embodiment, the catalyst 1
Although a platinum group metal supported on activated alumina or the like was used as 5, the type of the catalyst is not particularly limited. This catalyst 15 is heated to 400 ° C., and THC in the gas is
(Total hydrocarbons; an index approximately representing the concentration of the odor component) was measured. As a result, the purification rate from before the deodorization to after the deodorization could be 99% or more. Further, there was no problem even when the sensory evaluation was performed.

When drying is completed as described above, a temperature sensor (not shown) detects the end of drying, and the control device operates to turn off a switch (not shown). The user may then open the lid 4, take out the garbage container 2, and discard the dried garbage inside. This dried garbage is about 200 g with respect to 1 kg of the original garbage weight and has no moisture, so that rot does not progress. This makes it easier to handle kitchen waste that was originally uncomfortable.

However, if the dried kitchen garbage is not thrown away and is left in the appliance, or if the raw kitchen garbage before being dried is left in the appliance, the kitchen garbage emits an odor. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an adsorbent 7 is incorporated in the heating unit 5 to deodorize generated odor. In this case, when the fan of the blowing unit 8 is operated to forcibly circulate the odor in the circulation path and come into contact with the adsorbent 7,
It is even more effective in deodorizing. However, adsorbents generally have a lifetime. That is, it is not possible to adsorb an odor exceeding the adsorbable capacity. However, in this embodiment, the adsorbent 7 is incorporated in the vicinity of the heater 6, and is heated every time the processing is performed. When heated, the adsorbent 7 desorbs the adsorbed odor and recovers the adsorption capacity. Therefore, according to the configuration of the present embodiment, the life is not extended and the device can be used forever. In this embodiment, zeolite and activated carbon are used as the adsorbent 7. In other words, odor molecules that zeolite easily adsorbs are molecules with small molecular weight and polarity, and odor molecules that easily adsorb activated carbon are molecules with large molecular weight and non-polarity. This makes it possible to adsorb odor molecules. However, activated carbon may burn if heated at high temperatures, and odors will not desorb unless the zeolite is heated to a high temperature.Activated carbon is placed on the low-temperature side and zeolite is placed on the high-temperature side during heating. Should be. However, in this example, only the honeycomb-shaped zeolite was used as the adsorbent 7, but as a result of the sensory test for odor,
Almost no smell around the equipment under normal conditions without treatment.

[0020]

As described above, the first means of the present invention comprises a blowing section for blowing air for drying garbage, a hot air generating means including a heating section for heating the air, and a means for drying garbage. A drying chamber, and condensing means for condensing a gas containing steam generated from the garbage to remove water, the hot air generating means being provided downstream of the condensing means, and the water being removed by the condensing means. A circulation path for sending gas to the hot air generating means again, wherein the circulation path is provided between the blowing section and the condensing means, and an air intake for taking in air from outside, and between the heating section and the drying chamber. Since it has a configuration having an air outlet for discharging gas to the outside and a deodorizing unit for deodorizing gas in a circulation path provided downstream of the air discharging port, there is no generation of putrefactive odor, and the deodorizing unit is not provided. Configuration can be made smaller, In those which can be garbage processor that can be used.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, an adsorbent comprising one or two types selected from zeolite and activated carbon is incorporated in a heating section. In addition, the present invention can provide a garbage disposal machine having a simple structure and capable of deodorizing a constant odor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a kitchen waste disposal machine according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the deodorizing section.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drying room 2 Garbage container 3 Hot air outlet 5 Heating part 6 Heater 7 Adsorbent 8 Blowing part 9 Condensing means 10 Drain hose 11 Air intake port 12 Air exhaust port 13 Deodorizing section 14 Heater for catalyst heating 15 Catalyst

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Hisao Tsunaga 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Kadoma, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-61-49978 (JP, A) JP-A-2 −21983 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B09B 3/00 B01D 53/34

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A hot air generating means comprising a blowing unit for blowing air for drying garbage, a heating unit for heating the air, a drying room for drying garbage, and steam generated from the garbage. A condensing means for condensing the gas to remove water, the hot air generating means being provided downstream of the condensing means, and a circulation path for sending the gas from which water has been removed by the condensing means to the hot air generating means again. The circulation path has an air intake port for taking in air from the outside disposed between the blowing unit and the condensing means, and an air discharge port for discharging gas to the outside disposed between the heating unit and the drying chamber. And a deodorizing unit provided on the downstream side of the air discharge port for deodorizing gas in a circulation path. 2. The garbage processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the heating section incorporates one or two kinds of adsorbents selected from zeolite and activated carbon.