JP3148635B2 - Turning work machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turning machine such as a backhoe.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a turning work machine such as a backhoe,
A swivel 7 is provided on the traveling device 2, and a frame substrate of the swivel 7 is rotated relative to the traveling device 2 via a bearing by a pivot axis C.
It is supported so as to be pivotable around
In some cases, a drive gear for the swing motor is provided, and a driven gear that meshes with the drive gear for the swing motor is provided, and the swing table 7 is turned by the drive of the swing motor.

[0003]

However, in this type of conventional turning working machine, there is a reinforcing material on the upper surface side of the frame substrate, but no reinforcing material is provided on the lower surface side of the frame substrate. The rigidity of the frame substrate was insufficient. Also,
On the lower surface side of the frame substrate, there are provided a bearing for rotating the swivel 7, a driving gear of the rotating motor, and a driven gear meshing with a driving gear of the rotating motor, but these are exposed on the lower surface side of the frame substrate. Therefore, they could not be sufficiently protected, and there was a great possibility that they would be damaged by vibration during operation.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention increases the rigidity of the frame substrate and effectively uses a bearing for rotating the swivel 7, a drive gear of the swing motor, and a driven gear meshed with the drive gear of the swing motor. It is something that can be protected.

[0005]

The first technical means taken by the present invention to achieve the above object is that a swivel 7 is provided on a traveling device 2 and a frame substrate 51 of the swivel 7 is The driving gear 82 of the turning motor M2 is supported on the lower surface of the frame substrate 51 via a bearing 8 provided on the lower surface of the frame substrate 51 so as to be rotatable about the turning axis C. The turning work machine is provided with a driven gear 81 that meshes with a driving gear 82 of the turning motor M2. The turning work machine is configured to turn the turntable 7 by driving the turning motor M2.
A reinforcing member 53 is provided so as to surround the bearing body 8, the driving gear 82 and the driven gear 81.

A second technical means is characterized in that a swivel joint 68 is provided on the pivot axis C of the swivel 7, and the reinforcing member 53 surrounds the swivel joint 68. Therefore, the rigidity of the frame substrate 51 is enhanced by the reinforcing member 53. The bearing body 8 for turning the swivel 7 and the drive gear 82 of the swing motor M2
The driven gear 81 meshed with the driving gear 82 of the turning motor M2 can be effectively protected by the reinforcing member 53. Also,
The swivel joint 68 can also be protected by the reinforcement 53.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8 shows a small backhoe 1, which is mainly composed of a traveling device 2, a turning body 3 and an excavator 4. Hereinafter, the traveling direction of the backhoe 1 indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 9 is referred to as a front-rear direction, and the lateral direction indicated by an arrow B perpendicular to the front-rear direction is referred to as a left-right direction.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the traveling device 2 includes a pair of left and right crawler traveling members 5 each having a crawler belt made of rubber, and the traveling device 5 is driven by a traveling motor M1. The device is employed. The traveling device 2 is configured to connect and support the respective crawler traveling bodies 5 so as to be movable in the left-right direction, and to be able to move left and right by a hydraulic cylinder so that the distance between the left and right crawler traveling bodies 5 can be adjusted. A dozer 15 is provided at a front portion of the traveling device 2.

The revolving unit 3 includes a revolving table 7 in which a frame 12 shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 7 constituted by combining frame members made of a plate material is covered with a cover body 6 serving as an outer shell. The frame 12 is supported by a bearing 8 provided at a central portion between the left and right crawler traveling bodies 5 of the traveling device 2 so as to be rotatable around a vertical axis C of rotation. The rotation motor M2 supported by the motor is configured to be rotated around the rotation axis C. Also, at the rear of the frame 12 of the turntable 7,
A counterweight 9 is mounted to balance the weight with the excavator 4 and the like attached to the front of the swivel 7. The traveling device 2, the swivel body 3, the excavator 4 and the like are provided on the front left side of the swivel 7. A control box 10 including a lever for operating hydraulic equipment, a display panel, and the like is provided.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 9, the rear side of the turning body 3 is formed in an arc shape centered on the turning axis C, and the turning locus drawn by the rear side of the turning body when turning. The circle is contained within the left and right widths of the traveling device 2 when the left and right crawler traveling bodies 5 have the largest left and right widths. The left and right widths of the turning body 3 are formed to be narrower than the diameter of the turning locus circle drawn by the rear surface of the turning body. The edge is configured to be located at a position substantially coincident with the left and right side surfaces of the turning machine body 3.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 to 11, the cover body 6 is formed of resin, and is integrally formed with an upper wall portion 6a constituting a floor and a lower portion from a front edge of the upper wall portion 6a. It mainly comprises a front wall portion 6b which is extended and a side wall portion 6c which is integrally extended downward from an outer edge in the left-right direction of the upper wall portion 6a. On the front left side of the cover body 6,
A substantially rectangular bulging portion 11 which is projected upward from the upper wall portion 6a is provided on the upper wall 11a of the bulging portion 11.
To protrude the support frame in the control box 10,
An opening corresponding to the outer peripheral shape of the lower end of the control box 10 is formed, and a base portion 10 of a support frame in the control box 10 is formed.
A is fixed to the frame side in the swivel 7 and is covered with the bulging portion 11.

The cover body 6 is divided into left and right parts at the center of the bulging part 11 in the left and right direction.
L and 6R are joined in a split portion from the outside in the left-right direction in an abutting manner, and are removably mounted and fixed via bolts to mounting portions provided on the frame of the revolving base 7, respectively. In addition, the joining part of the left and right cover components 6L and 6R is configured to wrap up and down on the upper surface side and to wrap forward and backward on the front surface side.

An opening is formed upward between the rear edge of the upper wall portion 6a of the cover body 6 and the weight 9, and an upper portion of the opening 13 and the weight 9 is closed by a bonnet 14. The lower rear end is pivotally connected to the weight 9 via a hinge so as to be rotatable around a left-right axis, and is openable and closable. The front wall 6b of the cover body 6
An opening 16 is formed on the right side of
From 6, the front ends of a pair of upper and lower support brackets 17 that are supported by or constitute a part of the frame of the swivel 7 protrude. A swing bracket 19 is pivotally attached to the front end of the support bracket 17 via a support shaft 18 so as to be able to swing left and right around the vertical axis.

The right side of the front surface of the cover 6 is greatly inclined rearward from the center in the left-right direction toward the outside, and the support shaft 18 is located rearward of the front end of the swivel base 7 and of the control box 10. It is located forward from the rear end. As a result, stability during excavation is ensured, and the passage space formed between the control box 10 and the bonnet 11 can get on and off from either side and can pass in the left and right direction.

On the right side of the swing bracket 19, a piston rod 20a of a swing cylinder 20 disposed on the right end side in the swivel table 7 is pivotally mounted so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. 20 piston rods 2
The swing bracket 19 is swung to the left and right around the support shaft 18 by the retraction of 0a. The excavator 4 includes a boom 21 having a base pivotally attached to a swing bracket 19 about a left and right axis, and an arm 22 pivotally attached to the distal end of the boom 21 about a left and right axis. And a bucket 23 attached to the distal end of the arm 22 so as to be free to squeeze and dump.

The boom 21 includes a boom cylinder 24 provided between the swing bracket 19 and a middle part of the boom 21.
The arm 22 is oscillated by an arm cylinder 25 provided between the middle of the boom 21 and the base of the arm 22, and the bucket 23 is attached to the base of the arm 22 and the mounting portion of the bucket 23. A squeeze and dump operation is performed by a bucket cylinder 26 provided between the squeeze and the cylinder.

In the swivel 7 below the control box 10, control valves B1 to B10 for controlling each hydraulic device are arranged. A driver's seat 28 is provided on the hood 14 behind the control box 10, and the engine 2
9, a radiator 30, a double hydraulic pump 31 driven by the engine 29, a fuel tank 32 for the engine 29, a hydraulic oil tank 33 for each hydraulic device, and the like are housed.

The power of the engine 29 is transmitted to the two hydraulic pumps 31 via the clutch 27. Accordingly, when the engine 29 is started at a low temperature, a negative pressure may be applied to the hydraulic pump 31, which may deteriorate startability and rotation start-up.
Since the rotation of the shaft 1 can be intermittently started, the hydraulic pump 31 can be started easily without increasing the capacity of the hydraulic pump 31, thereby improving the workability of the backhoe 1 and improving the idling. Oil temperature rise at the time can also be suppressed.

The engine 29 is disposed horizontally at the center in the left-right direction of the swivel 7, and the crankshaft center of the engine 29 substantially coincides with the left-right direction of the swivel 7. A radiator 30 is arranged on the right side of the engine 29, and a hydraulic pump 31 is arranged and fixed on the left side of the engine 29. The hydraulic pump 31 is driven by an output shaft of the engine 29. . Hydraulic pump 31
A muffler 34 is arranged in the front-rear direction above, a fuel tank 32 elongated in the front-rear direction is arranged below the hydraulic pump 31, and a hydraulic oil tank 33 is arranged in a lower rear part of the engine 29. I have.

The hydraulic oil tank 33 is formed integrally with the weight 9 by being recessed from above, is formed horizontally long in the left-right direction, and is provided on the left side of a lid 33a for closing an upper end opening of the hydraulic oil tank 33. Is provided with an auxiliary tank 35. A battery 36 is disposed and fixed on the left side of the auxiliary tank 35. An air cleaner 37 is disposed in the left and right direction on the upper right side of the engine 29, and an intake hose 38 of the air cleaner 37 extends forward from the air cleaner 37 to bypass the left side of the upper part of the engine 29. And engine 2
The upper part of the radiator 30 extends rightward to the front, and extends downward at the right front side of the radiator 30 to the lower side of the radiator 30.

The bonnet 14 has an exhaust port formed on the right side thereof having a large number of holes. Cooling air generated by a fan 39 rotated by an engine 29 passes through a core of the radiator 30. Thus, the air is discharged from the air outlet. The lower surface of the turntable 7 below the radiator 30 has an opening shape, and serves as an inlet for cooling air. Further, a canopy 40 is detachably attached to the backhoe 1, and the columns of the canopy 40 are fixedly attached to the left and right sides of the weight 9.

As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the inner surface of the right side wall of the bonnet 14 and the radiator 30
A wind guide wall 41 is provided between the radiator 30 and the right side of the radiator 30 to guide the cooling air passing through the core of the radiator 30 from the radiator 30 side to the exhaust port 27. The flow of the cooling air passing through the core is rectified, the cooling effect is enhanced, and the radiator 3
The effect of suppressing the temperature rise around the engine 29 far from zero can be obtained.

The wind guide wall 41 is formed of a flexible material such as sponge, and is provided over the entire periphery of the core of the radiator 30 and protrudes from the radiator 30 toward the right side wall of the bonnet 14. The radiator 30 is fixed to a mounting plate 42 which is disposed on the right side of the radiator 30 and is detachably attached to the radiator 30. An opening corresponding to the core of the radiator 30 is formed in the mounting plate 42, and the wind guide wall 41 is provided around the opening.

The lower portion of the wind guide wall 41 is
Is pressed toward the radiator 30 by a pressing wall 44 provided at the upper end of the right side wall 6c. The rear edge 45 of the side wall 6c of the cover 6 is engaged with the front edge 46 of the weight 9, thereby restricting the rear end of the side wall 6c of the cover 6 from moving outward. Have been.

As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG.
The frame 12 includes a frame substrate 51, upper and lower reinforcing members 52 provided on the upper surface of the frame substrate 51, lower reinforcing members 53 provided on the lower surface of the frame substrate 51, the pair of upper and lower support brackets 17, and a frame. Material 54. The upper support bracket 17 has a reinforcing plate 55 protruding outward on the right side.
The upper wall 6 of the cover body 6 is provided on the reinforcing plate 55.
a corresponding to the reinforcing plate 55
The upper wall portion 6a is a step 57 for getting on and off the swivel 7. Therefore, in order to get on and off the swivel 7 from the right side, it is necessary to get on the right crawler traveling body 5 on the right as the first step, and then use the step 57 to get on the swivel 7. Using the right crawler traveling unit 5 and the step 57, the user can easily get on and off the swivel 7. Step 57 is to provide a reinforcing plate 55 protruding outward and to cover the reinforcing plate 55 with the cover body 6, so that the rigidity is sufficiently increased even if the cover body 6 is not formed thick. And the possibility that the step 57 is rattled when getting on and off the vehicle is eliminated.

In front of the lower surface of the reinforcing plate 55, two grease inlets 58 are provided. The inlets 58 are connected to a bearing 8 or a swivel joint 68 described later via a connecting hose (not shown) or the like. Have been. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, an opening window 59 is provided in the front wall portion 6b of the cover body 6 corresponding to the injection port 58, and a grease injection tool is inserted into the injection port 58 from the opening window 59. Grease can be easily supplied from the injection port 58 to the bearing 8 or the sliding portion of the swivel joint 68 by the grease injection tool.

At the rear end of the reinforcing member 52 on the right side, there is provided a pivoting portion 60 for pivotally supporting the rear end of the swing cylinder 20. The frame substrate 51 is provided with a motor mounting hole 61 and a turning hole 62 centered on the turning axis C. As shown in FIG. 15, the bearing body 8 that rotatably supports the turning machine body 3 around the turning axis C is
An outer race 8a fixed to a cylindrical support base 66 fixed to a frame 67 of the traveling device 2, and an inner race of the outer race 8a is rotatably supported around a turning axis C via a ball on the inner peripheral side. An inner race 8b to which the bottom of the turning machine body 3 is fixed is provided. A swivel joint 68 is provided at the center of the support base 66 and the bearing body 8.

The swivel joint 68 has a joint connected to hydraulic equipment on the traveling device 2 side, and has an outer cylindrical body 68 a fixed to the frame substrate 51 of the traveling device 2.
And a joint portion rotatably inserted around the rotation axis C to be engaged with the outer cylinder body 68a so as to rotate integrally with the revolving machine body 3 and connected to the hydraulic pump 31 side. And a shaft 68.

FIG. 16 shows the outer peripheral surface of the upper part of the shaft 68b.
As shown in FIG. 5, a joint portion which requires a relatively large flow rate, that is, a joint portion 69 for supplying pressure oil to the forward and reverse valves of the left or right traveling motor M1,
Joint portions 73 and 74 for supplying pressure oil to a switching valve of a hydraulic cylinder for moving the right and left crawler traveling bodies 5 left and right are provided on the upper surface of the shaft body 68b. A small number of joints, that is, a joint 75 for drain of the traveling motor M1, a joint 76 for a speed switching signal of the traveling device 2, and a joint for a hydraulic cylinder for driving the dozer 15 are provided.

By configuring the joint of the swivel joint 68 as described above, the swivel joint 6
8 can be prevented from becoming complicated with the minimization of 8, and the fitting and the piping hose can be installed neatly. As shown in FIG. 15, the turning motor M <b> 2 is inserted through a motor mounting hole 61 of the frame substrate 51, and a bolt (not shown) inserted through a mounting hole 79 formed around the motor mounting hole 61. It is fixed to the frame substrate 51 via the same. A driven gear 81 centered on the rotation axis C is provided on the outer periphery of the outer race 8a fixed to the support base 66.
The driving gear 82 of the turning motor M2 is meshed with the driven gear 81, so that the turning table 7 to the turning machine body 3 are driven by the turning motor M2 to rotate the turning table 7 to the turning machine body 3 with respect to the traveling device 2 to the support table 66. It is to be turned around C.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, a reinforcing member 53 provided on the lower surface of the frame substrate 51 is formed in a V-shape. The drive gear 82 and the driven gear 81 of the motor M2 are arranged, and the reinforcing member 53 surrounds the bearing 8, the drive gear 82, and the driven gear 81. Also, the reinforcing material 53
Surrounds the swivel joint 68 provided on the swivel axis C of the swivel 7.

[0032]

According to the present invention, the reinforcing member 53 is provided on the lower surface of the frame substrate 51 so as to surround the bearing body 8, the driving gear 82 and the driven gear 81. The bearing body 8 for rotating the swivel 7 and the drive gear 82 of the swing motor M2 and the drive gear 82 of the swing motor M2 for increasing the rigidity of the swing table 7
Can effectively protect the driven gear 81 that meshes with.

Further, since the swivel joint 68 is provided on the swivel axis C of the swivel 7 and the reinforcing member 53 surrounds the swivel joint 68, the swivel joint 68 is also protected by the reinforcing member 53. be able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a turning body.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a frame.

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the frame.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the frame.

FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrow J in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line HH of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line GG of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is an overall side view of the backhoe.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the backhoe.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a cover body of the swivel base.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a cover body of the swivel base.

FIG. 12 is a rear sectional view of the right side of the hood.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a radiator portion.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a front part of a cover body.

FIG. 15 is a side sectional view of a support portion of the swivel base.

FIG. 16 is a plan view of a swivel joint.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Traveling Device 7 Swivel 8 Bearing M2 Swivel Motor 51 Frame Board 53 Reinforcement 68 Swivel Joint 82 Drive Gear 81 Follower Gear

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] A swivel (7) is provided on a traveling device (2), and a frame substrate (51) of the swivel (7) is provided on a lower surface side of the frame substrate (51). ) To the traveling device (2) so as to be pivotable about the pivot axis C, and a drive gear (82) for the pivot motor (M2) is provided on the lower surface side of the frame substrate (51). In a turning work machine provided with a driven gear (81) that meshes with a driving gear (82) of the turning motor (M2), the turning motor (M2) is driven to turn the turning table (7). 51. A turning work machine, wherein a reinforcing member (53) is provided on the lower surface of 51) so as to surround the bearing body (8), the drive gear (82) and the driven gear (81). 2. A swivel joint (68) is provided on a swivel axis (C) of the swivel table (7), and the reinforcing member (5) is provided.
3. The turning machine according to claim 1, wherein 3) surrounds the swivel joint.