JP3148561B2 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrode substrates and a plurality of pixels are arranged on a display screen.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, twisted nematic (TN) type display devices have been widely used as liquid crystal display devices. The display principle of the TN type will be described below.

In this TN type liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal is aligned so that the liquid crystal is orthogonal to the upper and lower substrates. Thus, the liquid crystal is twisted by 90 ° between the upper and lower substrates. Furthermore, when the polarizing axes of the two polarizing plates are aligned with the alignment direction and the upper and lower substrates are sandwiched so as to be orthogonal to each other, light is in a transmissive state due to the optical rotation of the liquid crystal, so that a bright display state is obtained.
On the other hand, when the voltage is turned on, the liquid crystal molecules rise with respect to the substrate and the twist is released, so that the light is shut off and a dark display state is set. However, since the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in one direction with respect to the substrate, they rise in one direction by applying a voltage. As a result, the contrast changes greatly depending on the viewing angle, and black-and-white inversion occurs.

In the TN type liquid crystal display device, since the polarizing axes of two polarizing plates are used at right angles, in principle, the polarizing axis of the polarizing plate and the 45 ° direction are apparently polarized. Since the axes are not orthogonal, the incident light becomes elliptically polarized light and enters the eyes, resulting in light leakage, low contrast, and large viewing angle dependence.

For such a TN type liquid crystal display device, there has been proposed a method for improving the viewing angle dependency of contrast as described below.

For example, in the literature (SID'93 Digest24 (1993) 62
In 2), a cell is formed on the substrate on which the isotropic film is formed without performing rubbing treatment, and a chiral agent is added to the liquid crystal material so that the liquid crystal molecules are twisted by 90 °, and the liquid crystal molecules are randomly aligned. An apparatus is described. Since the liquid crystal molecules are randomly aligned, the viewing angle dependence of the contrast is small, but the light transmission efficiency is not good and the liquid crystal is dark. The direction of the polarization axis of the polarizing plate installed outside the cell is random because the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules is random, so there is no law in the direction of the pixel and the direction of the polarization axis of the polarizing plate, and even if the direction of the polarizing plate is changed. , The brightness does not change.

[0007] In the literature (US Patent No. 5309264), the following method is also proposed. That is, a plurality of pixel electrodes are provided on one substrate, and a cut is made in a pixel portion corresponding to the common electrode on the other substrate to manufacture a multi-domain cell. By arranging the polarization axis of the polarizing plate along the cut, the disclination line is made difficult to see.

[0008]

However, in the above method, since the disclination line is generated in the multi-domain, the disclination line cannot be completely difficult to see depending on the installation direction of the polarizing plate. The black level floats due to light leakage due to the disclination line. Although rubbing may or may not be performed, when rubbing is performed, there is no effect of improving the viewing angle because the orientation of liquid crystal is uniaxial in all domains. In this case, the direction of the polarizing plate is uniquely determined by the rubbing direction. When the rubbing treatment is not performed, the orientation of the liquid crystal in the domain is random, so that the bright display state is independent of the direction of the polarizing plate.
It becomes dark, and sufficient contrast cannot be obtained.

On the other hand, those utilizing scattering of liquid crystal without using a polarizing plate include a dynamic scattering (DS) effect and a phase transition (PC) effect. Recently, a method of electrically controlling the transparent or cloudy state by using the birefringence of liquid crystal has been proposed as a method that does not require a polarizing plate and does not require an alignment treatment. This method basically matches the ordinary light refractive index of liquid crystal molecules with the refractive index of the supporting medium, displays a transparent state when a voltage is applied, and aligns the liquid crystal, and displays a transparent state when no voltage is applied. The light scattering state due to the disorder of the orientation of the image is displayed.

[0010] As a proposed method, Japanese Patent Publication No.
Japanese Patent Application No. 501631 discloses a method of enclosing a liquid crystal in a polymer capsule.
No. 128 discloses a method in which liquid crystal is mixed with a light or thermosetting resin and the resin is cured to precipitate liquid crystal to form liquid crystal droplets in the resin.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-338923 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-212928 disclose a device in which the above-mentioned polymer-dispersed liquid crystal device is sandwiched between orthogonal polarizing plates. Is disclosed.

Although such an element has a great effect of improving the viewing angle characteristics, it has a low brightness of 1/2 as compared with the TN mode because of the use of depolarization due to scattering in principle. Is low. Furthermore, the alignment state of the liquid crystal is disturbed by polymer walls and protrusions, and random domains are created.
A method for improving the viewing angle is disclosed in JP-A-5-27242. However, in this method, the domain is random, the polymer material enters the picture element portion, and the disclination lines between the liquid crystal domains are randomly generated and do not disappear even when voltage is applied. For these reasons, this liquid crystal display device has low contrast, that is, low light transmittance when no voltage is applied, and low black level when a voltage is applied.

Further, the present inventors have found a liquid crystal element in which the viewing angle characteristics are remarkably improved by arranging liquid crystal molecules in a polymer wall in an axially symmetric manner.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high-brightness and high-contrast liquid crystal display device in which the contrast in the vertical and horizontal directions of the display screen is less dependent on the viewing angle.

[0015]

According to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a pair of electrode substrates having a liquid crystal layer between them are sandwiched between a pair of polarizing plates, and a plurality of pixel portions are arranged on a display screen.
In a liquid crystal display device in which the orientation of the liquid crystal layer has an axis-symmetric orientation having a symmetry axis in the normal direction of the electrode substrate corresponding to each pixel portion, one side of the pixel portion and the polarization of one polarizing plate Set the angle to the axis within the range of 30 ° or more and 60 ° or less
And one side of the pixel portion with respect to one side of the display screen.
Each pixel so that the direction is within the range of 30 ° or more and 60 ° or less
Parts are arranged , whereby the object is achieved. In particular, the polarization of one side of the pixel part and one of the polarizing plates
Set the angle between the axis and the axis at 45 °
If one side direction of the pixel part is set to 45 °, the display screen
The polarization axes of a pair of polarizing plates will be set up in the vertical and horizontal directions.
You.

[0016]

More preferably, the retardation of the liquid crystal layer (the product of the thickness of the liquid crystal layer and the difference between the extraordinary light refractive index and the ordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal) in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is 300 to 650 nm.

Preferably, an active element is provided for each pixel electrode of the electrode substrate in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

[0019]

In the present invention, the angle between one side of the pixel portion and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is set within the range of 30 ° to 60 °, so that the transmittance is good and the transmitted light intensity is good. And a bright display is obtained. In addition, the viewing angle dependence of the contrast is reduced by the axially symmetric orientation.

Further, by configuring the direction of one side of the pixel portion with respect to one side of the display screen to be 30 ° or more and 60 ° or less and aligning the polarization axis of the polarizing plate in the vertical and horizontal directions of the display screen, The extinction pattern in the pixel portion is in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the viewing angle characteristics are improved with respect to the vertical and horizontal directions.
A bright liquid crystal display device without black-and-white inversion in the direction can be obtained.

Further, regarding the retardation, 3
4 which is almost the center value of 00 nm ≦ d · Δn ≦ 650 nm
The viewing angle characteristic becomes better as the deviation from 50 nm becomes smaller and the retardation becomes smaller, but according to the present invention, the retardation can be reduced while maintaining the brightness, so that the viewing angle characteristic is further improved. .

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

Example 1 In Example 1, a liquid crystal cell was sandwiched between a pair of transparent electrode substrates to constitute a liquid crystal cell in which liquid crystal molecules were oriented in an axially symmetrical manner. Are sandwiched so that the angle between one side of the pixel portion and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is within a predetermined angle range.

As described above, by setting the angle between one side of the pixel portion and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates within a predetermined angle range, the transmittance is improved, good transmitted light intensity is obtained, and a bright display is obtained. Becomes Further, the viewing angle dependence of the contrast is reduced by setting the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules to be an axially symmetric alignment having a symmetric axis in the normal direction of the transparent electrode substrate corresponding to each pixel portion.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a change in the transmittance of transmitted light when the polarizing plate is rotated with respect to the pixel portion. The horizontal axis represents the angle between one side of the pixel and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates. The vertical axis indicates the transmittance (the relative intensity of the transmitted light).

As shown in FIG. 1, one side of the pixel portion is
By arranging the polarization axes of the two polarizing plates outside the liquid crystal cell so as to form an angle of up to 60 °, good transmitted light intensity can be obtained, and a bright display can be obtained.

FIG. 2 shows a bright field 2 and a dark field 3 seen when the polarization axes A and A ′ of the polarizer are aligned in the diagonal direction of the pixel section 1.
In this case, the angle between one side of the pixel portion 1 and the polarization axis A of one of the polarizing plates is 45 °, which is the case where the transmittance is the best as shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 shows the state of the bright field 2 and the dark field 3 seen when the polarization axes A and A 'of the polarizing plate are aligned in the direction of the side of the pixel section 1. One side of the pixel section 1 and one side of the polarized light are shown. This is a case where the angle between the plate and the polarization axis A is 0 ° and a case where the transmittance is the lowest as shown in FIG.

As described above, the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment is constituted, and can be manufactured as follows.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an empty cell before liquid crystal is injected in the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 4 and FIG.
ITO as transparent electrode (inside the dotted line) 12 on the upper surface
(Mixture of indium oxide and tin oxide, 500n
m) is pattern-deposited. Further, a resist material (OMR83: manufactured by Tokyo Ohka) was spin-coated thereon, and a resist pattern (outside of a solid line) 13 was formed by a photolithography process as shown in the shape of FIG. The pixel portion 1 which is an area of the ITO electrode as the transparent electrode 12 has a square shape of 100 μm square in the first embodiment, and the pitch of the pixel portion 1 is 12 μm.
The thickness was 5 μm. Thus, the lower transparent electrode substrate 1
4 are formed.

Further, an ITO electrode as a transparent electrode 16 is formed on the surface of the glass substrate 15, and a Mo layer 17 is formed thereon as a light shielding layer to a thickness of 500 nm. Only the Mo layer 17 is selectively etched on this substrate portion so as to have the same pattern as the resist pattern 13 formed on the lower transparent electrode substrate 14, and the upper transparent electrode substrate 18 is used as a light shielding mask. It is formed. An empty cell shown in FIG. 4 was formed by maintaining the cell thickness of these upper and lower transparent electrode substrates 14 and 18 with a 6 μm spacer.

In this empty cell, R-684 (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku)
0.1 g, p-phenylstyrene 0.1 g, 0.6 g of the following compound (formula 1), 3.74 g of liquid crystal ZLI-4792 (manufactured by Merck, containing S-811 and 0.4% by weight), and a photoinitiator A mixed material obtained by mixing 0.02 g of Irugacure 651 is injected.

[0034]

Embedded image

The liquid crystal cell thus injected was heated at a temperature of 110 ° C. and an effective voltage of 2.times.
While applying an alternating voltage of 5 V and 60 Hz, ultraviolet light is irradiated from the lower transparent electrode substrate 14 side to separate and cure the photocurable resin in the cell from the liquid crystal phase, and the resist pattern 13 and the Mo layer are cured. 17 to form a polymer layer 19,
The liquid crystal layer 20 and the polymer wall surrounding the liquid crystal layer 20 (resist pattern 13) are gradually cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 1 ° C./min.
And a polymer layer 19) are sandwiched between the transparent electrode substrates 14 and 18 to produce a liquid crystal cell.

The liquid crystal cell thus produced was in a liquid crystal mono-domain state on a pixel-by-pixel basis.

This liquid crystal cell was rotated and observed under a polarizing microscope. At this time, the polarizer and analyzer of the polarization microscope are orthogonal to each other. Then, a cross-shaped extinction pattern (Schlieren pattern) was observed in each pixel, and the center position of the Schlieren pattern was fixed even when the liquid crystal cell was rotated. FIG. 2 shows the extinction pattern in which the polarization axis is in the diagonal direction of the pixel, and FIG. 3 shows the extinction pattern in the case where the polarization axis is in the vertical and horizontal directions of the pixel. From the above, it can be seen that in each of the pixels in the manufactured liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal was able to realize an axially symmetric alignment having a symmetric axis in the normal direction of the substrate surface.

Further, two polarizing plates 22 and 23 are provided outside the liquid crystal cell so that the polarization axes are orthogonal to each other, and one polarization axis A is set at 30 ° to 60 ° with one side of the pixel (45 ° in the first embodiment).
°) and the liquid crystal cell alone was rotated to measure the transmitted light intensity. The result is the same as that in FIG. 1, and the angle between one side of the pixel and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is 3
When the angle is 0 ° to 60 °, the transmittance is good, and a bright display is obtained. At this time, the liquid crystal cell is in a state where no voltage is applied. The transmittance is best when the angle between one side of the pixel and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is 45 °.

(Embodiment 2) Embodiment 2 is performed by the same cell manufacturing method as in Embodiment 1, but Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 are performed.
6 is different from the square transparent electrode (inside the dotted line) 12 in FIG.
The point is that an empty cell was prepared instead of a. At this time, the size of the pixel electrode is X * Y = 100 μm * 225 μm square, and the pitch of the pixel electrode is 125 μm in the X direction and 250 μm in the Y direction, and the resist pattern is formed so that the inside of the pixel is a square of 100 μm. 13 divided vertically.

In the liquid crystal cell thus manufactured, each of the divided pixel portions was in a liquid crystal monodomain state.

This liquid crystal cell was rotated and observed under a polarizing microscope. At this time, the polarizer and analyzer of the polarization microscope are orthogonal to each other. Then, a cross-shaped extinction pattern (Schlieren pattern) was observed in the picture element region surrounded by the resist pattern (outside of the solid line) 13 of each pixel, and the center position of the Schlieren pattern was fixed even when the liquid crystal cell was rotated. . From the above,
It can be seen that, in the manufactured liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal was able to realize an axially symmetric alignment having an axis of symmetry in the normal direction of the substrate surface in each pixel.

Further, the polarization axes A,
Two polarizing plates 22 and 23 are fixed so that A ′ is orthogonal to each other so that one polarization axis A forms an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with one side of the pixel, and only the liquid crystal cell is rotated to transmit transmitted light. The strength was measured. The result is the same as in FIG. 1. When the angle between one side of the pixel and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is 30 ° to 60 °, the transmittance is good and a bright display is obtained. At this time, the liquid crystal cell is in a state where no voltage is applied. The transmittance is best when the angle between one side of the pixel and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is 45 °.

(Embodiment 3) Embodiment 3 is performed by the same cell manufacturing method as in Embodiment 1, but Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 1 are performed.
8 in that an empty cell is formed by replacing the transparent electrode 12 and the resist pattern 13 in FIG. 6 with the transparent electrode 12b and the resist pattern 13b in which the upper right corner of FIG. 8 is dented. At this time, the pixel size is 100 μm square,
The pixel pitch is 125 μm, and each pixel portion is
In the figure, the upper right corner is recessed into a 30 μm square. This is because an active element is provided for each transparent electrode 12b.

The liquid crystal cell manufactured in this manner was in a liquid crystal monodomain state for each pixel.

The liquid crystal cell was rotated and observed under a polarizing microscope. At this time, the polarizer and analyzer of the polarization microscope are orthogonal to each other. Then, a cross-shaped quenching pattern (Schlieren pattern) was observed in a region surrounded by the resist pattern 13b of each pixel, and the center position of the Schlieren pattern was fixed even when the liquid crystal cell was rotated. From the above, it can be seen that in each of the pixels in the manufactured liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal was able to realize an axially symmetric alignment having a symmetric axis in the normal direction of the substrate surface.

Further, the polarization axes A,
Two polarizing plates 22 and 23 are fixed so that A ′ is orthogonal to each other so that one polarization axis A forms an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with one side of the pixel, and only the liquid crystal cell is rotated to transmit transmitted light. The strength was measured. The result is the same as in FIG. 1. When the angle between one side of the pixel and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is 30 ° to 60 °, the transmittance is good and a bright display is obtained. At this time, the liquid crystal cell is in a state where no voltage is applied. The transmittance is best when the angle between one side of the pixel and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is 45 °.

(Embodiment 4) Embodiment 4 is carried out by the same cell manufacturing method as in Embodiment 1, but Embodiment 4 and Embodiment 3 are performed.
The difference from this is that an empty cell is produced by replacing the transparent electrode 12b in FIG. 8 with the transparent electrode 12c in FIG. At this time, the pixel size is X (vertical direction) * Y (horizontal direction) = 1
00 μm * 225 μm square, pixel pitch 125 in the X direction
μm, 250 μm in the Y direction, and the upper right corner of each pixel is 30 μm.
m square. Each pixel was vertically divided by a resist pattern 13b so as to have a shape close to a square of 100 μm square.

The liquid crystal cell manufactured in this manner was in a liquid crystal monodomain state for each divided pixel.

The liquid crystal cell was rotated and observed under a polarizing microscope. At this time, the polarizer and analyzer of the polarization microscope are orthogonal to each other. As a result, a cross-shaped quenching pattern (Schlieren pattern) was observed in a region surrounded by the resist of each pixel, and the center position of the Schlieren pattern was fixed even when the liquid crystal cell was rotated. From the above, it can be seen that in each of the pixels in the manufactured liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal was able to realize an axially symmetric alignment having a symmetric axis in the normal direction of the substrate surface.

Further, the two polarizing plates 22 and 22 are disposed outside the liquid crystal cell so that the polarization axes A and A 'which are transmission axes are orthogonal to each other.
23, one polarization axis A is 30 ° to 60 ° with one side of the pixel.
And the liquid crystal cell alone was rotated to measure the transmitted light intensity. The result is the same as that in FIG. 1, and the angle between one side of the pixel and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is 30 ° to
At 60 °, the transmittance is good, and a bright display is obtained. At this time, the liquid crystal cell is in a state where no voltage is applied.
The transmittance is best when the angle between one side of the pixel and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is 45 °.

(Embodiment 5) Embodiment 5 is performed by the same cell manufacturing method as in Embodiment 1, but Embodiment 5 and Embodiment 1 are performed.
6 is that the transparent electrode 12 and the resist pattern 13 of FIG.
d and an empty cell was prepared in place of the resist pattern 13d.
The arrangement is such that the side direction of the pixel portion is not less than 30 ° and not more than 60 ° (45 ° in the fifth embodiment). In this case, the polarizing axes A and A ′ of the polarizing plates 22 and 23 provided so as to sandwich the pair of transparent electrode substrates are installed so as to be orthogonal to each other and coincide with the vertical and horizontal directions of the display screen 24. At this time, the size of the pixel is a square of 100 μm square, and the pitch of the pixel portion is 125 μm. In this case, diagonal lines of each pixel portion are arranged in parallel with each side of the substrate.

The liquid crystal cell manufactured in this manner was in a liquid crystal monodomain state for each pixel.

The liquid crystal cell was rotated and observed under a polarizing microscope. At this time, the polarizer and analyzer of the polarization microscope are orthogonal to each other. As a result, a cross-shaped quenching pattern (Schlieren pattern) was observed in a region surrounded by the resist of each pixel, and the center position of the Schlieren pattern was fixed even when the liquid crystal cell was rotated. From the above, it can be seen that in each of the pixels in the manufactured liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal was able to realize an axially symmetric alignment having a symmetric axis in the normal direction of the substrate surface.

Further, the polarization axes A,
The two polarizing plates 22 and 23 are arranged so that A ′ is orthogonal to each other.
Was fixed at an angle of 45 °), and only the liquid crystal cell was rotated to measure the transmitted light intensity. The result is shown in FIG.
When the angle between one side of the pixel and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is 30 ° to 60 °, the transmittance is good, a bright display is obtained, and the polarization axes A, A Is parallel to the vertical and horizontal directions of the display screen 24, and the extinction pattern of the pixel portion is in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the viewing angle characteristics are improved in the vertical and horizontal directions. At this time, the liquid crystal cell is in a state where no voltage is applied. The transmittance is best when the angle between one side of the pixel and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is 45 °.

Incidentally, the transparent electrode 12d and the resist pattern 13d constituting the picture element portion of FIG.
An empty cell may be produced in place of the transparent electrode 12e and the resist pattern 13e of FIG. 1, or an empty cell may be produced in place of the transparent electrode 12f and the resist pattern 13f of FIG.

In the first to fifth embodiments, the shape of the pixel portion 1 is preferably a square, and particularly preferably a shape close to a square. In the case of a rectangle, the diagonal direction is not 45 ° and the diagonal directions are not orthogonal to each other. Therefore, the rectangle is divided so that the diagonal directions are close to squares orthogonal to each other. In this case, it is preferable that each of the squares is divided by the polymer wall so that the side directions of the squares coincide with each other. In addition, these quadrangles may have at least a part of the corners cut or cut with a curvature of less than half of the short side.

The retardation is 300
It is preferable that nm ≦ d · Δn ≦ 650 nm. This retardation is larger or smaller than 450 nm which is almost the median of 300 nm ≦ d · Δn ≦ 650 nm.
The smaller the deviation from nm, the darker, but the smaller the retardation, the better the viewing angle characteristics. Therefore, the retardation is 300 nm ≦ d · Δn ≦ 4 from the viewpoint of viewing angle characteristics.
00 nm is preferred. Here, d: thickness of the liquid crystal layer, Δn
_{= | N e -n o |,} n e = liquid crystal extraordinary refractive index, which is the ordinary refractive index of n _o = liquid crystal. According to the present invention, since the retardation can be set small while maintaining the brightness, the viewing angle characteristics are improved together with the brightness.

Further, as a method of axially symmetrically aligning the liquid crystal, a method of forming one or both of a concave portion and a convex portion or a column portion on at least one liquid crystal layer side surface of a pair of electrode substrates is used. it can. in this case,
When a mixture containing a liquid crystal and a curable resin is injected into the gap between the substrates to cause phase separation between the liquid crystal and the curable resin, the liquid crystal precipitates in the concave portions or the liquid crystal region develops so as to surround the convex portions. Thereby, the liquid crystal is oriented in an axially symmetrical shape such as a radial shape with the vicinity of the concave portion, the vicinity of the convex portion, or the vicinity of the pillar portion as an axis perpendicular to the substrate. Therefore, by forming such concave portions and convex portions, the position of the symmetry axis can be determined, and a uniform alignment state can be obtained.

[0059]

As described above, according to the present invention, the liquid crystal molecules are axially symmetrically oriented, and the angle between one side of the pixel and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is set within the range of 30 ° to 60 °. Therefore, a high-brightness and high-contrast liquid crystal display device having low viewing angle dependence of contrast can be realized.

Further, if each pixel is arranged so that the side direction of the pixel is within the range of 30 ° or more and 60 ° or less with respect to one side of the display screen, the extinction pattern of the pixel portion becomes the vertical and horizontal directions, The viewing angle characteristics can be improved in the vertical and horizontal directions.

Further, when the retardation of the liquid crystal layer is set to 300 to 650 nm in addition to the above structure, the retardation can be set small while maintaining the brightness, and the viewing angle characteristics as well as the brightness are further improved. can do.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a change in transmittance of transmitted light when a polarizing plate is rotated with respect to a pixel.

FIG. 2 shows a polarization axis A, A ′ of a polarizing plate in a diagonal direction of a pixel 1;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state of a bright field 2 and a dark field 3 that can be seen when are combined.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state of a bright field 2 and a dark field 3 which are seen when the polarization axes A and A ′ of the polarizing plate are aligned with the side direction of the pixel 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an empty cell before liquid crystal is injected in the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a case where one pixel is one region surrounded by a resist pattern.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a case where one pixel is a plurality of regions surrounded by a resist pattern.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of FIG. 6 when one pixel is not a perfect rectangle;

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of FIG. 7 when one pixel is not a perfect rectangle;

FIG. 10 shows that one side of each pixel is 4 with respect to one side of the display screen.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another example of FIG. 6 in the case of arrangement at 5 °.

FIG. 11 shows that one side of each pixel is 4 with respect to one side of the display screen.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another example of FIG. 7 in the case of arrangement at 5 °.

FIG. 12 shows that one side of each pixel is 4 with respect to one side of the display screen.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing still another example of FIG. 6 in the case of arrangement at 5 °.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 1 pixel portion 2 bright field 3 dark field 12, 12a, 12c, 12d, 12e, 12f transparent electrode 13, 13b, 13d, 13e, 13f resist pattern 20 liquid crystal region 22, 23 polarizing plate 24, 24e, 24f display screen A, A 'Polarization axis direction

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-265902 (JP, A) JP-A-7-49493 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G02F 1/1337 G02F 1/1335

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] A pair of electrode substrates having a liquid crystal layer between them are sandwiched between a pair of polarizing plates, a plurality of pixel portions are arranged on a display screen, and the orientation of the liquid crystal layer corresponds to each pixel portion. In a liquid crystal display device having an axially symmetric orientation having a symmetry axis in a normal direction of the electrode substrate, an angle between one side of the pixel portion and the polarization axis of one of the polarizing plates is not less than 30 ° and not more than 60 °. Set within the range, and with respect to one side of the display screen, the pixel
The direction of one side of the part is within the range of 30 ° to 60 °
A liquid crystal display device in which each pixel portion is arranged as described above . 2. The retardation of the liquid crystal layer (liquid crystal layer).
Is the product of the thickness of the liquid crystal and the difference between the extraordinary refractive index and the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal)
The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the thickness is 300 nm or more and 650 nm or less .