JP3145290U - Extrusion machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an extrusion molding machine capable of suppressing a spiral orientation of a clay structure and extruding a clay having a substantially straight orientation from a base in a cylindrical shape.
SOLUTION: A screw 14 provided with a blade 15 provided in a cylindrical kneading chamber 12, an inner ball shaft 16 connected to the screw 14, and an inner ball 18 passed through the inner ball shaft 16, An extrusion molding machine 10 having a base 20 and an extrusion port 26 for extruding clay into a cylindrical shape, and a fixing member for fixing the center ball 18 and the base 20 so that the center ball 18 cannot rotate. 28 and a plurality of correction plates 36 provided radially on the surface of the rear portion 22 of the center ball, and the correction plate 36 lacks the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface 42 of the kneading chamber 12.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an extrusion molding machine for clay, which is a raw material for ceramic products such as tiles and tiles.

  As a conventional apparatus in this technical field, a vacuum kneading machine for extruding a clay having a screw and a ball support shaft, a ball and a base, and joining the screw shaft and the ball support shaft An inner ball bearing case is provided in the center, and an inner ball bearing with a thrust bearing that is insulated in rigidity is provided inside the inner ball bearing case, and the inner ball shaft and the inner ball operate flexibly according to the flow of the clay. Those are known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 2998072 (page 5, FIG. 1)

  In the conventional apparatus, the clay pushed out by the rotation of the screw is partly swirled in the portion of the inner ball bearing case, where the orientation of the tissue constituting the clay is scattered, and then in the base portion. Since it was oriented again and the clay structure was pushed out as a whole in a spiral orientation, it was possible to obtain a cylindrical clay that was spirally oriented in the same direction.

  For this reason, in a later step, the extruded cylindrical clay is incised, flattened, and pressed by a roll press provided with a groove opposite to the spiral orientation. Thus, it becomes easy to correct the helical orientation to a substantially straight orientation, and even during drying and firing, which are the subsequent steps, distortion and cracking caused by the fact that the tissue orientation is not in the same direction. Etc. were able to be suppressed.

However, in the conventional apparatus, when the clay is pushed out from the base, the clay structure is in the same direction, but the whole is only in a spiral orientation and is not applied so as to have a substantially straight orientation. It was.
For this reason, applying the clay structure to a substantially straight orientation relies exclusively on a roll press with grooves that are in the opposite direction to the helical orientation, complicating the product manufacturing process. There was a problem.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an extrusion molding machine capable of suppressing the spiral orientation of the clay structure and extruding the clay having a substantially straight orientation from the base in a cylindrical shape.

  The invention according to claim 1 is provided in a cylindrical kneading chamber, a screw provided with a blade, a middle ball shaft connected to the tip of the screw, and a middle ball penetrated by the middle ball shaft, An extrusion molding machine having a base and an extrusion port for extruding the clay into a cylindrical shape, and fixing a part of the central ball and a part of the base to make the central ball unrotatable And a plurality of correction plates provided radially on the rear surface of the center ball with respect to the axis, and the correction plate lacks the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber It is characterized by this.

Usually, around the center ball axis, the clay in the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber pushed out by the screw goes toward the extrusion port while receiving frictional resistance due to contact with the inner peripheral surface.
On the other hand, the other part of the clay from the center ball shaft to the front of the inner peripheral surface is slightly in contact with the center ball shaft, but hardly receives frictional resistance and at a high speed with high pressure. Head toward the extrusion port.
Therefore, the pressure of the clay around the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber is weaker than the pressure of the clay from the center ball shaft to the front of the inner peripheral surface, and it should go to the extrusion port at a slow speed. It becomes.

  Furthermore, in the vicinity of the center ball, the clay from the center ball shaft pushed out by the screw to near the inner peripheral surface is provided radially on the rear surface of the center ball and on the rear surface of the center ball. The contact with a plurality of straightening plates causes frictional resistance to reduce pressure and speed, and the dredged soil is forced to pass between the straightening plates, resulting in dredging caused by the rotational movement of the screw. The spiral orientation of the tissue is directed toward the extrusion port while being corrected to a substantially straight orientation.

On the other hand, since the clay around the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber pushed out by the screw is not subjected to frictional resistance due to contact with the rear portion of the central ball or the correction plate, the inner peripheral surface Going to the extrusion port at a slow speed while receiving only the frictional resistance due to contact.
The reason why the clay around the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber does not receive frictional resistance due to contact with the correction plate is that the correction plate is intentionally missing from the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface.

  The clay around the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber has a spiral orientation in the structure due to the rotational movement of the screw, but the inner part from the center ball axis that is almost straight around the front of the center ball. By coming into contact with the clay up to the front of the peripheral surface and receiving pressure, it moves toward the extrusion port while being corrected to a nearly straight orientation.

  At this time, the speed of the clay extruded from the axial center to the outer peripheral direction along the surface of the inner ball, from the inner ball axis to the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface is the speed of the clay near the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber. Since the speed is almost the same, the distortion of the clay structure caused by the speed difference is suppressed.

  Furthermore, at this time, the speed of the clay from the center ball axis to the front of the inner peripheral surface is almost the same as the speed of the clay near the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber. The amount of clay up to near the surface is large compared to the amount of clay near the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber, so the spiral orientation of the clay structure near the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber is By colliding with the almost straight orientation of the clay structure from the center ball axis to the near side of the inner peripheral surface and receiving pressure, it is corrected to the almost straight orientation.

  Furthermore, since the center ball is provided in a non-rotatable manner by the fixing member in the vicinity of the extrusion port, the clay that has become a substantially straight orientation of the clay structure is a spiral orientation induced by the rotational movement of the center ball. It will be pushed out into a cylindrical shape as it is without being returned.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the extrusion molding machine according to claim 1, wherein the correction plate is missing from the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber toward the axis by 5 to 40 mm. Is.

Invention of Claim 3 is an extrusion molding machine of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising: The said correction board is arrange | positioned in the direction opposite to the winding direction of the blade | wing of the said screw. .
Therefore, the spiral orientation of the clay structure generated by the rotational movement of the screw and the correction plate collide almost at right angles to each other, so that the spiral orientation collapses and does not change to the opposite orientation. Until then, the clay goes to the extrusion port while being corrected to an almost straight orientation.

Invention of Claim 4 is an extrusion molding machine of Claim 1, 2, or 3, Comprising: The correction member which has the said correction plate and the cylinder to which a part of said correction plate was fixed is said inside. The ball is detachably provided at the rear end of the ball.
Accordingly, a plurality of correction plates provided radially can be attached to and detached from the rear surface of the center ball.

Invention of Claim 5 is an extrusion molding machine of Claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, Comprising: The said fixing member has a cutter for cut | disconnecting a clay in a longitudinal direction, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. It is.
Therefore, the cylindrical clay extruded from the base by the screw is continuously cut in the longitudinal direction by the cutter provided in the fixing member.

  The extrusion molding machine according to claim 1, a clay near the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber generated when being extruded by a screw, and a clay from the center ball shaft, which is the other part, to the near vicinity of the inner peripheral surface, It is possible to suppress the distortion of the clay structure caused by the speed difference between the two, and to suppress the helical orientation of the clay structure caused by the rotational movement of the screw and correct it to a substantially straight orientation, thereby correcting the cylindrical texture. The soil can be extruded from the extrusion port.

  The extruder according to claim 2 can achieve the same effect as the effect of the extruder according to claim 1.

  In addition to the effects exhibited by the extruder according to claim 1 or 2, the extruder according to claim 3 has a strong helical orientation of the clay structure caused by the rotational movement of the screw. Even so, it is possible to forcibly correct these orientations to be almost straight and to extrude the cylindrical clay from the extrusion port.

In addition to the effects exhibited by the extruder according to claim 1, 2, or 3, the extrusion machine according to claim 4 is also a correction member when the correction plate needs to be repaired due to wear or deformation. Repair can be easily performed by exchanging only.
Furthermore, it can be easily changed to one provided with correction plates of different orientations.

The extruder according to claim 5 can continuously cut the clay in the longitudinal direction simultaneously with the extrusion in addition to the effect exhibited by the extruder according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4. Therefore, it is possible to easily form the extruded cylindrical clay into a plate shape without separately providing a cutting device.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The extrusion molding machine 10 of the present invention is for extruding a clay as a raw material for various ceramic products into a cylindrical shape.

The extrusion molding machine 10 includes a screw 14 provided with a blade 15 provided in a cylindrical kneading chamber 12, a center ball shaft 16 connected to the tip of the screw 14, a center ball shaft 16, and a tip. 1 is provided with a center ball 18 and a base 20 (see FIG. 1).
The screw 14 is connected to a driving motor (not shown) so as to be rotatable.

A through hole 23 provided with a bearing 21 is provided in the central portion of the center ball 18 in the axial direction so that the center ball shaft 16 passes through the center ball 18 and is rotatable.
The shape of the center ball 18 is such that the rear portion 22 on the side of the center ball shaft 16 is provided in a conical shape, and the front portion 24 on the side of the base 20 is provided in a cylindrical shape.

The shape of the center ball 18 is not limited to this, and the back part 22 is made of a polyhedron having a tapered shape, and the front part 24 is made of a polyhedron having a substantially cylindrical shape. May be.
An annular gap between the center ball 18 and the base 20 serves as an extrusion port 26 for extruding the clay into a cylindrical shape.

A part above the center ball 18 and a part above the base 20 are fixed together between the center ball 18 and the base 20 so as to straddle the extrusion port 26 in the vertical direction. Is provided with a fixing member 28 (see FIG. 2).
The fixing member 28 includes a center ball side member 30 fixed to the center ball 18 side, a base side member 32 fixed to the base 20 side, which is disposed directly above the center ball side member 30, and one thin plate shape. And a cutter 34 which is a metal blade body.

The center ball side member 30 is made of a pair of L-shaped steel materials, and is for sandwiching and fixing the lower end of the cutter 34 from both sides.
The base-side member 32 is made of a pair of L-shaped steel materials, and is for sandwiching and fixing the upper end of the cutter 34 from both sides.
The cutter 34 is for cutting a part of the clay extruded into a cylindrical shape continuously in the longitudinal direction.

The inner ball side member 30 and the base side member 32 are not limited to those made of a pair of L-shaped steel materials, and may be anything as long as the cutter 34 can be fixed. .
The cutter 34 is not limited to a thin metal blade, and may be a blade made of a piano wire or other material, and the number thereof is not limited.

Further, the fixing member 28 may be composed only of a rigid linear member in which a part above the center ball 18 and a part above the base 20 are connected.
Even in that case, the inner ball 18 can be made non-rotatable and the cutting surface can be distorted as compared with the case of having the cutter 34, but a part of the clay can be continuously cut in the longitudinal direction. it can.

A correction member 40 is detachably provided at the rear end of the center ball 18.
The straightening member 40 has eight straightening plates 36 provided radially with respect to the axial center, and a cylindrical body 38 to which the rear ends of the straightening plates 36 are fixed (see FIGS. 1 and 3). .
When the correction member 40 is mounted on the rear end of the center ball 18, the correction plate 36 is radially provided on the surface of the rear portion 22 of the center ball 18 with respect to the axial center.

Further, all of the eight correction plates 36 are provided so that the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface 42 of the kneading chamber 12 is missing when the correction member 40 is mounted on the rear end of the center ball 18. .
The number of correction plates 36 is not limited to this.

  Further, the lack of the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface 42 is substantially the same as the range in which friction resistance is received by contact with the inner peripheral surface 42 of the clay extruded by the rotation of the screw 14, and the inner periphery toward the axial center. A range of 5 to 40 mm from the surface 42 is desirable.

Further, the correction plate 36 may be directly provided radially on the surface of the rear portion 22 of the center ball 18 instead of being provided via the correction member 40.
Further, a plurality of correction plates 36 may be arranged in the direction opposite to the winding direction of the blades 15 of the screw 14 (see FIG. 4).

Next, the operation of the extruder 10 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, the clay around the inner peripheral surface 42 of the kneading chamber 12 pushed out by the rotation of the screw 14 around the center ball shaft 16 is directed toward the extrusion port 26 while receiving frictional resistance due to contact with the inner peripheral surface 42. It flows.
Here, the clay around the inner peripheral surface 42 means a material in a range of 5 to 40 mm from the inner peripheral surface 42 toward the axial center.

This clay flow a has a pressure higher than that of the clay flow b pushed out by the rotation of the screw 14 from the center ball shaft 16, which is a portion other than the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface 42, to the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface 42. Since it is weak, it goes toward the extrusion port 26 at a slower speed than the clay flow b (see FIG. 5).
Although the clay flow b is slightly in contact with the center ball shaft 16 but hardly receives frictional resistance, it flows toward the extrusion port 26 with a strong pressure due to the rotation of the screw 14.

Then, the flow b of the clay is around the center ball 18 by contact between the surface of the rear part 22 of the center ball 18 and the eight correction plates 36 provided radially on the surface of the rear part 22 of the center ball 18, Under the frictional resistance, the clay flow c is reduced in pressure and speed.
When the clay flow c is forced to pass between the eight correction plates 36, the spiral orientation of the clay structure caused by the rotational movement of the screw 14 is corrected to a substantially straight orientation. Then, it flows on the surface of the center ball 18 toward the extrusion port 26.

In addition, when the spiral orientation of the clay structure generated by the rotational movement of the screw 14 is strong, a plurality of correction plates 36 are provided so as to be in the direction opposite to the winding direction of the blades 15 of the screw 14. (Refer to FIG. 4), the spiral orientation of the clay structure and the correction plate collide with each other almost at right angles, so that the spiral orientation collapses and does not change to the opposite orientation. Until then, the clay goes to the extrusion port while being corrected to a substantially straight orientation.

  On the other hand, the flow a of the clay does not receive frictional resistance due to contact with the rear part 22 of the center ball 18 or the correction plate 36 even around the rear part 22 of the center ball 18, and therefore is caused by contact with the inner peripheral surface 42. While only receiving the frictional resistance, it goes toward the extrusion port 26 at a low speed with almost no change from the speed around the center ball axis 16.

The reason why the clay flow a does not receive frictional resistance due to contact with the correction plate 36 is that the correction plate 36 is intentionally missing the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface 42.
And, the flow of clay is a flow of clay that is almost straight around the front part 24 of the center ball 18, although the structure is spirally oriented by the rotational movement of the screw 14. By colliding with c and receiving pressure, the clay flows d toward the extrusion port 26 while being corrected to an almost straight orientation.

  At this time, the speed of the clay flow c pushed out from the axial center along the surface of the center ball 18 is substantially the same as the speed of the clay flow d. The distortion of the clay structure caused by the above is suppressed.

  Further, at this time, the velocity of the clay flow c is almost the same as the velocity of the clay flow d, but the amount of the clay flow c is larger than the amount of the clay flow d. Because of the large amount, the clay flow d in which the clay structure has a spiral orientation collides with the clay flow c in which the clay structure has a substantially straight orientation and receives pressure. As a result, it is corrected to a substantially straight orientation.

In the vicinity of the extrusion port 26, the center ball shaft 16 rotates in the center ball 18, but the center ball 18 is provided so as not to rotate by the fixing member 28, so that the clay structure has a substantially straight orientation. Since the clay is not returned to the spiral orientation induced by the rotational movement of the center ball 18, it is pushed out from the extrusion port 26 in a cylindrical shape as it is.
Further, the clay extruded into a cylindrical shape is continuously cut in the longitudinal direction by the cutter 34 of the fixing member 28, and then formed into a plate shape, which becomes a product through a drying step and a firing step.

It is a fragmentary sectional view of the extrusion machine of the present invention. It is a partial front view of the extrusion molding machine of this invention. It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line of FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view of another extrusion molding machine of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the flow of the clay by the extrusion molding machine of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Extruder 12 Kneading | mixing chamber 14 Screw 15 Blade | blade 16 Center ball shaft 18 Center ball 20 Base 21 Bearing 22 Center ball rear part 23 Through hole 24 Center ball front part 26 Outlet 28 Fixing member 30 Center ball side member 32 Base side Member 34 Cutter 36 Straightening plate 38 Tubular body 40 Straightening member 42 Inner peripheral surface a Flow of clay b Flow of clay c Flow of clay d Flow of clay

Claims (5)

A screw provided with a blade, provided in a cylindrical kneading chamber, an inner ball shaft connected to the tip of the screw, an inner ball penetrated by the inner ball shaft, a base, and a clay An extrusion molding machine having an extrusion port for extruding into a shape,
A fixing member for fixing a part of the center ball and a part of the base to make the center ball unrotatable;
With a plurality of correction plates provided radially on the rear surface of the center ball with respect to the axis,
An extrusion molding machine characterized in that the correction plate lacks the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber.   2. The extrusion molding machine according to claim 1, wherein the correction plate is missing 5 to 40 mm from the inner peripheral surface of the kneading chamber toward the axial center.   The extrusion molding machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the straightening plate is arranged in a direction opposite to a winding direction of the blades of the screw.   The correction member which has the said correction plate and the cylinder to which a part of said correction plate was fixed was provided in the rear end of the said center ball so that attachment or detachment was possible. Extrusion machine.   The extrusion molding machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the fixing member has a cutter for cutting the clay in the longitudinal direction.

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