JP3144384U - Electric heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

An electric heating device that can freely and easily adjust the electric resistance value of the entire device, is lightweight, has excellent mechanical strength, and can be heated to a desired temperature in a stable state with low power consumption. To do.
A carbon fiber mixed paper 10 in which carbon fibers and plant pulp are mixed in a sheet form, and a pair of conductive paste electrodes 11 disposed on the surface of the carbon fiber mixed paper 10 so as to face each other. The heating element 12, a pair of auxiliary electrodes 13 formed in a band shape narrower than the width of the paste electrode 11 and closely connected to the paste electrode 11, and formed in a band shape, spaced apart from the paste electrode 11, and the auxiliary electrode 13 The paste electrode 11, the auxiliary electrode 13, and the main electrode 14 are formed in such a manner that the width thereof is reduced in order.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric heating device.

  Electric heaters incorporating various planar heating elements in the past for use in a wide range of applications such as floor heating, facility horticulture, bedding, health appliances, snow melting, freeze prevention of water pipes, etc. Has been proposed and commercialized. In particular, a heat generating sheet made of carbon fiber mixed paper is widely used as a planar heating element that is lightweight, easy to handle, and consumes less power.

Such a heat generating sheet adjusts the electric resistance value by adjusting the arrangement position, shape, number, type, and the like of the electrodes in accordance with the state of the carbon fibers contained in the sheet and / or the shape of the heat generating sheet. The heating sheet can be heated to a desired temperature (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

In order to supply power to the heat generating sheet, a current supply electrode layer made of a copper foil tape printed with a strip-shaped silver paste facing each other along the side of the heat generating sheet and coated with a conductive adhesive is silver. A material adhered on a paste has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2). Thereby, the increase in the electrical resistance value in the contact portion between the heat generating sheet and the electrode layer is suppressed.
JP 2001-118663 A JP 07-147183 A

  However, in the heat generating sheet described in Patent Document 1, when the orientation of the carbon fibers is difficult to understand, it is not possible to appropriately dispose the electrodes. Further, in Patent Document 2, even if an electrode printed on a heating element and a copper foil tape are brought into close contact with each other, sparks may be generated from the contact portion. Furthermore, since the copper foil tape has no thickness, when a plurality of heat generating sheets are provided, the electrical resistance value at the electrode portion becomes larger than that of the heat generating sheet, and the heat generation efficiency may be reduced.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the electrical resistance value of the entire apparatus can be freely and easily adjusted, is lightweight, excellent in mechanical strength, and desired in a stable state with low power consumption. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric heating device that can be heated to a temperature of 10 mm.

The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
The electric heating device according to the present invention includes a carbon fiber mixed paper in which carbon fibers and plant pulp are mixed in a sheet shape, and conductive layers formed in a band shape and arranged opposite to each other on the surface of the carbon fiber mixed paper. A heating element having a pair of paste electrodes, a pair of auxiliary electrodes formed in a band shape narrower than the width of the paste electrode and connected in close contact with the paste electrode, and formed in a band shape from the paste electrode A heating unit including a pair of main electrodes spaced apart and connected to the auxiliary electrode, wherein the paste electrode, the auxiliary electrode, and the width of the main electrode are formed narrow in order. And

  In this device, since the width of the auxiliary electrode is narrower than the width of the paste electrode, the paste electrode is suitably adhered to the peripheral edge of the auxiliary electrode, and the auxiliary electrode and the carbon fiber mixed paper are not in direct contact with each other. Can do. Moreover, since the width of the main electrode is narrower than the width of the auxiliary electrode, the auxiliary electrode can be suitably adhered to the peripheral edge of the main electrode. And since the main electrode and the paste electrode are spaced apart, the main electrode and the carbon fiber mixed paper can be prevented from coming into direct contact. Therefore, the contact failure between each electrode can be suitably suppressed similarly.

The electric heating device according to the present invention is the electric heating device, wherein the paste electrodes are respectively disposed on the front and back surfaces of the carbon fiber mixed paper, and the auxiliary electrodes are in close contact with the paste electrodes, respectively. The main electrode is sandwiched and connected by the auxiliary electrode.

  This device can reduce the contact resistance between the carbon fiber mixed paper and the paste electrode, and the paste electrode and the auxiliary electrode, thereby increasing the heat generation efficiency of the carbon fiber mixed paper. In addition, since the main electrode is sandwiched between auxiliary electrodes extending from the front and back sides of the carbon fiber mixed paper, the main electrode and the auxiliary electrode can be more suitably brought into close contact with each other.

  Further, the electric heating device according to the present invention is the electric heating device, wherein a paper grain is arranged on the carbon fiber mixed paper, the carbon fiber is oriented in the paper grain direction, and the paper grain direction or the paper The pair of paste electrodes are arranged to face each other in a direction orthogonal to the eye direction.

  In this device, since the carbon fibers are oriented in the grain direction, the electrical resistance value can be made different between the grain direction and the direction orthogonal to the grain direction. Therefore, the electrical resistance value between the pair of paste electrodes can be changed depending on the position of the pair of paste electrodes on the carbon fiber mixed paper. At this time, the electric resistance value of the heating element is the lowest in the grain direction and the highest in the direction orthogonal to the grain direction. Therefore, when the paste electrode is disposed in any direction, the electrical resistance value between the pair of paste electrodes can be easily calculated in advance, and temperature control can be easily performed.

  The electric heating device according to the present invention is the electric heating device, wherein the heating unit includes a coating layer that seals the heating element.

  This device can suppress deterioration of the heating element by electrically insulating and waterproofing the heating element and the outside.

  Further, the electric heating device according to the present invention is the electric heating device, wherein the plurality of heating elements are arranged in the heating unit so as to be separated from each other and electrically connected in series or in parallel by the auxiliary electrode. It is characterized by being.

  In this device, even if the heating part is energized with the conductive material inserted in the gap formed between the heating elements, the conductive material is not energized. The fixing device can be inserted between the heating elements, and the heating unit can be suitably fixed at a desired place.

Moreover, the electric heating device according to the present invention is the electric heating device, wherein the carbon fiber in the carbon fiber mixed paper has a length of 3 mm or more and less than 5 mm, or a length of 5 mm or more and 10 mm or less. It is pitch-based carbon fiber, the content is 3 to 20% by weight, the content of the plant pulp in the carbon fiber mixed paper is 97 to 80% by weight, and the basis weight is 55 g / m ² or less. It is characterized by being.

  Since the above-described carbon fiber is arranged in this device, the carbon fiber is excellent in dispersibility and can continue to generate heat without disconnection even if a hole is formed in the heating element. Moreover, the resistance value between a pair of paste electrodes can be changed by changing the content rate of carbon fiber.

  According to the present invention, the electrical resistance value of the entire apparatus can be freely and easily adjusted according to the size of the heating element and the number of each of the heating element and the heating unit, light weight and excellent mechanical strength, Can be warmed to the desired temperature in a stable state with low power consumption

An embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the floor heating device (electric heating device) 1 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of heating units 2 laid between the floor material F and the base material B, and the heating unit 2. A temperature sensor 3 and a temperature fuse 4 arranged in a part of the heating part 2, a connection part 5 for connecting the heating parts 2 and the temperature fuse 4, a distribution board 6 for supplying power to the heating part 2, and a controller 7.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the heating unit 2 includes a plurality of heating elements 12 having a carbon fiber mixed paper 10 and a pair of conductive paste electrodes 11, and a pair of heating elements 12 connected in parallel. An auxiliary electrode 13, a pair of main electrodes 14 connected to the auxiliary electrode 13, and a coating layer 15 that seals the plurality of heating elements 12 are provided.

The carbon fiber mixed paper 10 is formed in a rectangular sheet shape. The carbon fiber of the carbon fiber mixed paper 10 is a pitch-based carbon fiber having a length of 3 mm or more and less than 5 mm or a length of 5 mm or more and 10 mm or less. The carbon fiber content in the carbon fiber mixed paper 10 is 3 to 20% by weight. On the other hand, the plant pulp content is 97 to 80% by weight. The basis weight of the carbon fiber mixed paper 10 is a 55 g / m ² or less, it is formed in a rectangular shape.

  Here, it is difficult to uniformly disperse the carbon fibers in the carbon fiber mixed paper 10, and when the fibers are stirred for a long time to open the fibers, the fibers are broken into indefinite dimensions, and stable electric resistance and temperature characteristics are obtained. In addition, the fibers are broken to weaken the entanglement between the fibers, resulting in a defect in strength. Moreover, when the length of the carbon fiber is less than 3 mm, the entanglement with other carbon fibers or the plant pulp is weakened, and when it exceeds 10 mm, the dispersibility in the plant pulp is lowered, and carbon fiber unevenness is generated. At the same time, the electrical resistance and temperature characteristics become unstable, and cannot be used.

Further, if the pitch-based carbon fiber is less than 3% by weight, the electrical resistance value becomes high, and a desired heat generation temperature cannot be obtained. If the pitch-based carbon fiber exceeds 20% by weight, the dispersion rate is deteriorated, and stable electrical resistance and Since temperature characteristics cannot be obtained, the content is within the above range. On the other hand, if the basis weight exceeds 55 g / m ² , it may cause delamination and lack flexibility. Therefore, the thickness and basis weight are also within the above ranges.

  This carbon fiber mixed paper 10 is a method of circulating and mixing carbon fiber and plant pulp with water using a known stirrer such as a pulper, or mixing or dispersing carbon fiber and plant pulp separately in water. After the dispersion, the raw material solution produced by mixing, dispersing, etc. is used to produce the desired thickness and basis weight with a known circular net paper machine (Yankee machine), long net paper machine, etc. Is done.

At this time, a paper grain is formed on the carbon fiber mixed paper 10, and the carbon fibers are oriented along the paper grain direction P. Therefore, the electrical resistance value is different between the paper grain direction P and the direction N orthogonal thereto. Here, each side of the carbon fiber mixed paper 10 is formed in a rectangular shape so as to be parallel to or perpendicular to the paper grain direction P. A pair of paste electrodes 11 are arranged along both sides orthogonal to the paper grain direction P of the carbon fiber mixed paper 10. Depending on the desired resistance value, a pair of paste electrodes 11 may be arranged on both sides parallel to the grain direction P of the carbon fiber mixed paper 10 instead of both sides orthogonal to the grain direction P of the carbon fiber mixed paper 10. Also good.

The pair of paste electrodes 11 are arranged in such a manner that a silver paste is printed in a band shape with a certain width on the front and back surfaces of the carbon fiber mixed paper 10. The electrical resistance value R (Ω) between the pair of paste electrodes 11 can be calculated by the following equation.
R = R1 × D / L

Here, R1 is an area specific resistance (Ω / cm ² ) of the carbon fiber mixed paper 10, D is a distance (cm) between the paste electrodes 11, and L is a length (cm) of the paste electrode 11. In the present embodiment, R = 10 (Ω) in the paper grain direction P, and R = 30 (Ω) in the direction N perpendicular to the paper grain direction. The paste may be gold paste, copper paste, nickel paste, aluminum paste or the like.

  The pair of auxiliary electrodes 13 is made of a strip-like copper foil tape having a narrower width than the paste electrode 11, and a conductive adhesive surface is disposed on one side. The auxiliary electrode 13 is disposed at the center in the width direction of the paste electrode 11 so as to be in close contact with the paste electrodes 11 on both surfaces of the heating element 12. For this reason, the side edge of the auxiliary electrode 13 and the side edge of the paste electrode 11 are separated without overlapping. The pair of auxiliary electrodes 13 connect the heating elements 12 such that the plurality of heating elements 12 are electrically in parallel with the pair of main electrodes 14. At this time, the heating elements 12 are spaced apart so that a certain gap S is provided in the extending direction of the pair of auxiliary electrodes 13.

  The pair of main electrodes 14 is composed of a strip-shaped copper plate that is narrower than the auxiliary electrode 13 and the paste electrode 11. Then, one end side is spaced apart from the paste electrode 11 at a predetermined interval and connected to the end portion of the auxiliary electrode 13, and the other end side is connected to the connection portion 5 via the lead wire 16. The material of the auxiliary electrode 13 and the main electrode 14 may be aluminum, nickel, or stainless steel.

As shown in FIG. 4, one end side of the main electrode 14 is sandwiched and connected to the auxiliary electrode 13 via a temporary fixing auxiliary electrode 17 to form an electrode connecting portion 18. Here, the width of the auxiliary electrode 17 for temporary fixing is substantially the same as the width of the auxiliary electrode 13.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the paste electrode 11, the auxiliary electrode 13, and the main electrode 14 are formed so that their widths are narrowed in this order. In the electrode connection portion 18, the main electrode 14 is disposed at the center in the width direction of the auxiliary electrode 13.

  The coating layer 15 is made of a thermoplastic resin film such as a polyester film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or a polyimide film having higher heat resistance, and seals the heating unit 2 by laminating.

  In this floor heating device 1, the number of heating units 2 determined according to the floor area to be heated is connected by a connection unit 5 so that series or parallel or both are mixed depending on the supplied power. At this time, the plurality of heating units 2 and the thermal fuse 4 are electrically connected in series. The temperature sensor 3 and the thermal fuse 4 are disposed in separate heating units 2. From the distribution board 6, single-phase 100V or 200V is supplied. The power source is not limited to this, and may be a three-phase power source. Moreover, not only alternating current but direct current may be sufficient.

Next, the effect | action of the floor heating apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.
The heating unit 2 fed with power from the distribution board 6 via the controller 7 heats the heating element 12 to a predetermined temperature according to the electric resistance value calculated in advance by energizing between the pair of paste electrodes 11. Is done.

  According to this floor heating device 1, since the width of the auxiliary electrode 13 is narrower than the width of the paste electrode 11, the auxiliary electrode 13 and the paste electrode 11 are connected to each other without the auxiliary electrode 13 and the heating element 12 being in direct contact with each other. It can be suitably adhered.

  At this time, in the electrode connection portion 18, the paste electrode 11 and the main electrode 14 are connected via the auxiliary electrode 13 so as not to be in direct contact. Therefore, the contact failure in the electrode connection part 18 and the increase in the electrical resistance value accompanying it can be suppressed suitably.

And the width | variety of the paste electrode 11, the auxiliary electrode 13, and the main electrode 14 is formed narrow in order. Therefore, the carbon fiber mixed paper 10 and the paste electrode 11 are not in direct contact with each other. As a result, it is possible to suitably suppress the occurrence of poor contact or spark between the electrodes, and to further reduce the contact resistance at the electrode portion. Therefore, the electrical resistance value of the entire apparatus can be freely adjusted according to the size and number of the heating elements 12, and it is lightweight, excellent in mechanical strength, and heated to a desired temperature in a stable state with low power consumption. be able to.

In particular, the paste electrode 11 is disposed on the front and back surfaces of the carbon fiber mixed paper 10, the auxiliary electrode 13 is in close contact with each paste electrode 11, and the main electrode 14 is sandwiched and connected to the auxiliary electrode 13 from both sides. ing. Therefore, the auxiliary electrode 13 and the main electrode 14 can be brought into contact with each other so as to cover up to the side edge of the main electrode 14, and the contact resistance between them can be reduced more suitably.

  In addition, since a paper pattern is formed on the carbon fiber mixed paper 10 and the carbon fibers are oriented in the paper pattern direction P, the pair of paste electrodes 11 depends on the position of the pair of paste electrodes 11 on the carbon fiber mixed paper 10. The electric resistance value can be changed. At this time, the electrical resistance value of the heating element 12 in the paper grain direction P is the lowest, and the electrical resistance value in the direction N orthogonal to the paper grain direction P is the highest. Therefore, when the pair of paste electrodes 11 are arranged in any direction, the electrical resistance value between the electrodes can be easily calculated in advance, and temperature control can be easily performed.

  Furthermore, since the coating layer 15 is provided, it is possible to suitably prevent the heat generating body 12 and the outside air from being blocked and the temperature of the heat generating body 12 from rising and igniting.

  In addition, since each heating element 12 is disposed through the gap S, for example, even when the heating unit 2 is energized with a conductive material such as a nail inserted through the gap S when laying, Things are not energized. Therefore, regardless of conductivity or non-conductivity, the fixing device can be inserted between the heating elements 12, and the heating unit 2 can be suitably fixed at a desired place.

  Further, since the carbon fiber described above is arranged on the carbon fiber mixed paper 10, the carbon fiber is excellent in dispersibility of the carbon fiber, and it can continue to generate heat without disconnection even if a hole is formed in the heating element 12. Further, the resistance value of the carbon fiber mixed paper can be changed depending on the carbon fiber content.

The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the said embodiment, it uses as a floor heating apparatus by arrange | positioning the heating part 2 under a floor. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and by adjusting the size and number of heating elements in the heating section, it is possible to freeze snow melting, water pipes, etc. from facility horticulture, agriculture, livestock, fishery, bedding, health equipment, etc. It can be used for a wide range of purposes such as prevention and heat retention.

  Further, the number of heating elements arranged in the heating unit is not limited to a plurality and may be only one. In addition, the heating unit is not limited to a plurality of heating elements electrically connected in parallel, and may be connected in series. Furthermore, although the auxiliary electrode 17 for temporary fixing is interposed between the auxiliary electrode 13 and the main electrode 14, it does not need to be.

It is a schematic diagram showing a floor heating device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the outline | summary of the floor heating apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the heating part of the floor heating apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is IV-IV sectional drawing of FIG. It is the V section enlarged view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Floor heating device (electric heating device)
2 Heating part 10 Carbon fiber mixed paper 11 Paste electrode 12 Heating element 13 Auxiliary electrode 14 Main electrode 15 Coating layer

Claims (6)

Heat generation comprising a carbon fiber mixed paper in which carbon fibers and plant pulp are mixed in a sheet shape, and a pair of conductive paste electrodes formed in a strip shape and arranged to face each other on the surface of the carbon fiber mixed paper Body,
A pair of auxiliary electrodes formed in a band shape narrower than the width of the paste electrode and closely connected to the paste electrode;
A pair of main electrodes formed in a strip shape and connected to the auxiliary electrode apart from the paste electrode;
Having a heating part with
An electric heating device characterized in that the paste electrode, the auxiliary electrode, and the main electrode are formed to be narrow in order. The paste electrodes are respectively disposed on the front and back surfaces of the carbon fiber mixed paper, and the auxiliary electrodes are in close contact with the paste electrodes, respectively.
The electric heating device according to claim 1, wherein the main electrode is connected by being sandwiched between the auxiliary electrodes. Paper texture is arranged on the carbon fiber mixed paper,
The carbon fibers are oriented in the paper grain direction;
3. The electric heating device according to claim 1, wherein the pair of paste electrodes are disposed so as to face the paper grain direction or a direction orthogonal to the paper grain direction.   The electric heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heating unit includes a coating layer that seals the heating element.   5. The electric heating device according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of heating elements are arranged in the heating unit while being separated from each other and electrically connected in series or in parallel by the auxiliary electrode. The carbon fiber in the carbon fiber mixed paper is a pitch-based carbon fiber having a length of 3 mm or more and less than 5 mm or a length of 5 mm or more and 10 mm or less, and the content is 3 to 20% by weight,
The content of the plant pulp is a 97 to 80 wt% of the carbon fiber mixed paper, basis weight of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is 55 g / m ² or less Electric heating device.

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