JP3142793B2 - Rockshed and snowshed roof structure and construction method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure of a roof of a rockshed / snowshed and a construction method of the roof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A road along a mountain may be provided with a rock shed or a snow shed (hereinafter referred to as a rock shed / snow shed) in order to protect the road surface and traveling vehicles from falling rocks and avalanches. This rockshed / snowshed has a roof fixed at one end to a mountain side slope and protruding in a shelf-like manner above the road, and the other end of the roof is lowered by a pillar erected at an appropriate interval on a valley side shoulder. Supported from the side. The rock shed and snow shed are inclined so that the top surface on the hill side of the roof is high and the valley side is low on the roof in order to reduce the impact due to earth and sand or snow falling on the roof and to prevent the accumulation thereof, and to reduce the snow falling on the roof. There are many structures that drop earth and sand to the valley side.

[0003] However, not all of the earth and sand falls to the valley side, but a large amount of sediment accumulates over a long period of time, and it is inevitable that an enormous load is applied to the roof of the rockshed and snowshed. Since it is extremely troublesome and difficult to remove the earth and sand frequently, there has been a problem that the load resistance of the rockshed / snowshed itself must be increased and the construction cost is increased. In Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-21168, a block-shaped foam is laid on the roof of a rockshed / snowshed so that the mountain side is higher, and the inclination angle of the foam surface is set to be equal to or greater than the expected deposition angle of earth and sand. A structure that makes the roof lighter has been proposed. However, in this structure, although the weight of the roof itself can be reduced, the size of the block must be adjusted at the construction site in accordance with the shape of the roof, and thus there is a problem that the construction becomes cumbersome.

By the way, in cold regions, Rockshed
Water droplets running down the snowshed roof can collect at the valley end of the roof and freeze and form icicles. Since this icicle may be as long as 1 m if it is large, it is extremely dangerous if it is scattered on a folded road or hits a car due to the wind and snow. The formation of icicles is thought to be caused by water droplets condensing on the back of the roof of the rockshed and snowshed.
Therefore, the roof of the rockshed / snowshed is required to have not only the load resistance but also heat insulation.

[0005] In the structure described above, heat insulation is also provided by the block-shaped foams stacked on the roof, but moisture flows down from the gaps between the block-shaped foams to the roof surface, and the roof has a roof. Along the valley side to form frozen ice pillars. The roof is made of concrete or metal, and the valley side end is bent upward in a substantially L-shape to support the valley side surface of the foam, and is exposed to the outside air without being covered with the foam, so that it is easy to cool. In an environment where water running down the roof easily freezes easily. In addition, concrete and metal roofs tend to have water flowing to the same place at all times due to minute irregularities on the surface, and it is easy to form large icicles at certain positions at the valley end.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has been proposed in the art.
Not only is it difficult for sediment to accumulate on the roof of the snowshed, but also the structure of the rockshed snowshed roof, which has high impact resistance, is highly weighed, has excellent heat insulation, and is difficult to form icicles, and its simple and reliable construction method It is intended to provide.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION There are two inventions proposed here, that is, a structure of a roof of a rockshed / snowshed and a construction method thereof. That is, the structure of the roof of the rockshed / snowshed covers the upper surface of the roof provided on the road along the mountain with a foam having an inclined upper surface that is lowered from the mountain side toward the valley side, and is formed of the foam. The valley side of the roof is also covered.

[0008] In addition, a method for constructing a roof of a rockshed / snowshed is characterized in that a foaming material is sprayed and foamed on an upper surface of a roof provided on a road along a mountain and on a valley side surface of the roof to form the roof. The roof is covered with a foam having an inclined upper surface that is lowered from the mountain side to the valley side, and the foam covers the valley side surface of the roof.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a rock shed of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a roof structure of a snowshed.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part thereof, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another example of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the structure of the roof of the rockshed / snowshed of the present invention is a road 3 along a mountain.
The upper surface 12 of the roof 11 provided on the roof 11 is covered with a foam 13, and the roof 11 is covered with the foam 13.
The valley side surface 14 is also covered.

The roof 11 is made of concrete or metal, and is provided so as to protrude above the road 30 in a shelf shape. The roof 11 has a mountain side 11A fixed to the slope of the mountain, while a valley side 11B is supported from below by a pillar 31 that is erected along the shoulder of the road 30. We protect from snowfall.

The upper surface of the roof 11 is covered with a foam 13. The foam 13 is made of a known hard urethane foam or the like, and serves to improve the impact resistance of the roof against falling rocks and the like, and also to enhance the heat insulating property. Has an inclined upper surface 15. This reduces the weight of the roof and improves the load-bearing capability of the rockshed itself, and also makes it easier for water, earth and sand, etc., falling on the foam 13 to fall to the valley side and hardly accumulate on the roof. . The inclination angle of the inclined upper surface 15 is not particularly limited. However, if it is too large, the thickness of the foam 13 on the mountain side becomes large, and the amount of foaming material to be used increases, which is not economic. On the other hand, if it is too small, moisture, earth and sand will not fall to the valley side and will accumulate on the foam.

By the way, the water that travels on the upper surface of the foam 13 falls (drops) from the valley side end of the roof.
As described above, when the concrete or metal roof 11 is exposed at the end, the moisture attached to the concrete or metal part cools and freezes, and is likely to become an icicle. Therefore, as understood from FIG. 2, in the structure of the present invention, the foam 13 covers not only the roof upper surface but also the valley side surface 14. Thereby, the foam 1
The water that has traveled down the inclined upper surface of FIG. 4 to the valley side end falls (drops) without touching the valley side surface 14 of the concrete or metal roof 11, so that the water droplets are hardly cooled and the formation of icicles is suppressed. be able to. In addition, moisture is a foam having a high heat insulating property [thermal conductivity 0.010 to 0.050 kcal
/ Mhr ° C (0 ° C ASTM D-2326)] 13, so that it takes more time to cool and hardly becomes an icicle compared to the case where moisture is transmitted on a concrete or metal roof 11. is there. Moreover, when the foam 13 is made of a rigid urethane foam, the rigid urethane foam has a closed cell structure [closed cell ratio of 80 to 95% (ASTM D-
2856), a skin layer is formed on the surface thereof, and the heat insulating effect of the foam 13 is extremely good, and the waterproof effect is also enhanced. In addition, due to the smooth surface of the skin layer, the position at which water drops (drops) from the upper surface of the foam 13 on the valley side becomes inconsistent, and the generation of a large icicle can be more reliably prevented.

The foam 13 is obtained by directly using a foam material as the roof 1.
It is provided by self-adhesion at that time by blowing to 1 and foaming. The foaming raw material used for the foam 13 is not particularly limited, and a known material for rigid urethane foam is preferably used. However, in order to sufficiently exhibit the effects of the present invention, at least the valley side end of the roof is required. As for the foaming raw material to be sprayed, a foaming reaction whose foaming reaction is regulated is preferable. That is, at least the valley side surface 1 of the roof
It is preferable to spray a cream having a cream time of 0.5 to 30 seconds and a rise time of 5 to 70 seconds. In order to reliably form the foam on a substantially vertical surface such as the valley side surface 14 of the roof 11, it is necessary that the foaming material be solidified without dripping at the time of spraying and before reaching the spraying surface. It is important that there is nothing.
The method of spraying the foaming raw material is not particularly limited, and it can be performed by an appropriate method depending on the spraying amount, viscosity, and the like.

[0015] The cream time and the rise time are frequently used to specify the reactivity of the foaming raw material. That is, the cream time refers to the time required for the liquid reaction mixture to rise to a creamy cloudy state. The rise time refers to the time required for the reaction mixture to foam and reach the maximum height.

If the cream time is less than 0.5 seconds, the foaming material solidifies before reaching the spraying surface, which not only reduces the adhesion to the spraying surface but also causes the nozzle of the spray gun to spray. Not only is it difficult to work efficiently due to clogging, but also maintenance is troublesome. If the cream time exceeds 30 seconds, the foaming raw material sprayed on the valley side surface 14 of the roof reacts too slowly and dripping drastically, making it difficult to form a foam. Also, when the rise time is less than 5 seconds, as in the case of the cream time, the time from spraying to hardening is too short, and it is not possible to reliably adhere to the sprayed surface. Conversely, the rise time is 7
If the time exceeds 0 seconds, the reaction hardening is too slow, and the foaming raw material flows from the sprayed surface, and there is a problem that it is difficult to form a foam.

Further, in the present invention, the outer surface of the foam 13 is covered with a suitable elastomer 16. Thereby, the waterproofness and weather resistance of the foam 13 are improved, and the rockshed / snowshed lasts longer.
Further, the effect of absorbing shocks against falling rocks and avalanches can be further enhanced. The density of the elastomer 16 is 0.1
A known polyurethane-based elastomer of about 0.3 g / cm ³ , for example, polyurea, urea urethane, ketimine, or the like is suitable, and can be easily formed by spraying the outer surface of the foam 13 with a spray.

FIG. 3 shows another example of the present invention.
In this example, the foam 23 is formed from the valley side surface 24 of the roof 21 to the back surface 25 side. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably prevent water drops from adhering to the valley-side end of the concrete or metal roof 21 to form an icicle. Reference numeral 26 denotes an elastomer formed on the outer surface of the foam 23. Also, a foam 23a covering the valley side end of the roof 21
As shown in FIG. 3, the outer surface 27 of the
It is preferably formed of a curved surface having an arc-shaped cross section in which the 4 and the back surface 25 are wound. Then, the water that has come to the valley side along the surface of the elastomer 26 on the foam body 23 changes the surface of the elastomer 26 according to the arc-shaped curved surface that forms the outer surface 27 of the foam body 23a that covers the valley side end. The water drops (drops) at an appropriate position due to the gravity of the water while traveling from the side surface to the back surface of the valley side end, so that the falling position is dispersed and it is possible to more reliably prevent a large icicle from being formed. .

[0019]

As described above, according to the structure of the roof of the rockshed / snowshed of the present invention, the upper surface of the roof is formed by the foam having the inclined upper surface which becomes lower from the mountain side to the valley side. Because it covers, not only can the roof of the Rockshed / Snowshed be lightened, it also reduces the impact of avalanches and rockfalls falling on the Rockshed / Snowshed, and the rockfalls etc. are deposited on the roof Can be prevented. In addition, dew condensation hardly occurs on the roof due to the heat insulating property of the foam. In addition, since the valley side surface of the roof is also covered with the foam, the water droplets flow down without touching the concrete or metal of the roof, so that the formation of icicles can be suppressed. Further, if the foam is foam-formed by spraying a foaming raw material onto a roof, a seam can be eliminated from the foam, and water penetrates from the seam to the concrete or metal of the roof to form an icicle. Without fear of doing it.

Further, according to the method for constructing a roof of a rockshed / snowshed of the present invention, it is possible to form a foam on the roof very simply and reliably by only spraying a foaming material on the upper surface and the valley side surface of the roof. it can. Moreover, since the foam formed by spraying covers the roof seamlessly, there is no danger that water will penetrate from the seam to the concrete or metal of the roof and form an icicle.
Furthermore, if a foaming material having a predetermined cream time and rise time is used as the foaming material to be used, a foam can be surely formed even on the valley side surface of the roof where the liquid tends to drip due to its vertical shape, and such a rockshed / snowshed Can be easily, reliably and efficiently constructed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a structure of a roof of a rockshed / snowshed of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part thereof.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Rockshed / Snowshed 11 Roof 12 Upper surface 13 Foam 14 Valley side surface 15 Inclined upper surface 16 Elastomer 30 Road 31 Pillar

Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-3-81405 (JP, A) JP-A-2-80703 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E01F 7 / 04

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A top surface of a roof provided on a road along a mountain is covered with a foam having an inclined upper surface that is lowered from a mountain side to a valley side, and the foam also covers a valley side surface of the roof. Rockshed and snowshed roof structure. 2. The rockshed / snowshed roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the foam is foamed by blowing a foaming material onto the roof. 3. An upper surface of the roof is lowered from the mountain side to the valley side by blowing and foaming a foaming material on the upper surface of the roof provided on the road along the mountain and on the valley side surface of the roof. A method for constructing a roof of a rockshed / snowshed, characterized in that the roof is covered with a foam having an inclined upper surface and the foam also covers a valley side surface of the roof. 4. The rockshed according to claim 3, wherein a foaming material having a cream time of 0.5 to 30 seconds and a rise time of 5 to 70 seconds is used as a foaming material sprayed on at least the valley side surface of the roof.・ Snowshed roof construction method.