JP3135151B2 - Method for producing copolymer latex - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to offset rotary printing,
The present invention relates to a novel copolymer latex used for offset sheet-fed printing, gravure printing, coating of paperboard or other coated paper, carpet backing, fiber bonding or other general adhesives.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, synthetic copolymer latex has been widely used as, for example, a binder for paper coating, a binder for carpet back sizing, a binder for bonding fibers such as nonwoven fabric and artificial leather, or an adhesive for various materials. Used. When the copolymer latex is used for such a purpose, the copolymer latex is required to have high adhesive strength, and to be excellent in water resistance, blister resistance by drying and heating, and the like.

[0003] For example, coated paper is coated with kaolin clay, calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate, or the like on the surface of a base paper for the purpose of improving the printability of paper and improving optical characteristics such as gloss.
Pigments such as satin white, talc, titanium oxide, etc., copolymer latex as their binder and starch as a water retention agent or auxiliary binder, and a paint mainly containing water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose are applied. Conventionally, styrene and butadiene are used as main monomer components, and a styrene-butadiene copolymer latex obtained by emulsion polymerization of these, so-called SB latex, is widely used. I have.

[0004] In recent years, the production of coated paper has increased remarkably with the increase in demand for magazines, pamphlets and advertisements printed in color. In particular, with the trend toward high-speed offset rotary printing, the requirements for the quality of coated paper and pigment binders are becoming increasingly sophisticated, and especially the surface strength of coated paper, i.e., dry pick and wet pick, Improvements such as blister resistance and smoothness are required. On the other hand, the production of coated paper itself has also been accelerated, and there is also a demand for improvement of roll stainability, that is, a reduction in stickiness, which is the main obstacle.
Many of these properties have a negative correlation with each other,
Improvements to balance to a higher level are being demanded even more.

[0005] Since these properties of the coated paper strongly depend on the design of the SB latex used as a pigment binder, various studies have been made on the performance of the SB latex. For example, it has been confirmed that the proportion of the insoluble portion of a copolymer latex film in a solvent such as benzene, toluene, and tetrahydrofuran is a controlling factor of pick strength and blister resistance. Specifically, it has been proposed to exhibit excellent performance by adjusting the composition and gel fraction of the copolymer in the latex to specific ranges (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-3598). JP-B-60-17879, JP-A-58-4
894). Although the gel fraction of this latex varies depending on various polymerization factors such as the monomer composition and the polymerization temperature, a method of adjusting the gel fraction to a desired level generally and simply involves adding a chain transfer agent. As a chain transfer agent,
Halogenated hydrocarbons typically represented by carbon tetrachloride,
Alkyl mercaptans represented by t- or n-dodecyl mercaptan, sulfides and the like have been used. Further, as a specific chain transfer agent, terpinolene, α-
It has also been proposed to use methylstyrene dimer and the like (U.S. Pat. No. 2,922,781, JP-A-3-1094).
51).

[0006] However, in general, the dry pick and stickiness of the coated paper become better as the SB latex has a higher gel fraction, whereas the blister resistance is lower when the gel fraction is lower. It has been recognized that the optimum gel fraction for wet picking exists separately. None of the above techniques have been satisfactory enough to simultaneously improve pick strength, stickiness, blister resistance, smoothness, and the like to high levels.

On the other hand, an adhesive for carpet backsizing is generally a composition in which a filler such as calcium carbonate or aluminum hydroxide and other additives such as a thickener are blended with a copolymer latex. The adhesive composition is used mainly for preventing piles (bushes) from falling off and for bonding to a secondary base fabric such as jute in the production of tufted carpets, needle punch carpets and the like. Therefore, in this case, the improvement of the adhesive strength, which is the most important physical property of the carpet, is one of the biggest technical problems in the industry, and therefore, an improvement from the viewpoint of the blending of the copolymer latex and the composition has been studied. However, in reality, satisfactory levels have not yet been obtained.

On the other hand, pressure-sensitive adhesives have conventionally been produced by dissolving natural rubber or synthetic rubber in an organic solvent, applying the solution to a substrate, and evaporating the organic solvent. And the problem of occupational health, the use of aqueous polymer dispersions (latex) using water as a dispersion medium has increased,
An aqueous dispersion of a combination of a rubber and a tackifier resin is being developed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-28545, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-4).
8270, JP-A-58-160378 and JP-A-58-183771). The aqueous dispersion containing the synthetic rubber latex and the tackifying resin was prepared by adding 50 to 1 tackifying resin to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the latex.
In general, the composition containing 00 parts by weight is 20 to 23 parts by weight.
At the measurement temperature of 0 ° C, it shows good adhesive properties,
No satisfactory value was obtained for the adhesive strength at the above temperature. In addition, there has been proposed a resin capable of obtaining adhesive properties only with a polymer of rubber latex without the presence of a tackifier resin (JP-A-56-145909, JP-A-57-57707). However,
This has the disadvantage that the adhesion to polyethylene is very low.

Further, in radical polymerization, a polymerization inhibitor or an inhibitor causes a reduction in polymerization yield and / or a reduction in polymerization operability, so that there has been no example in which it has been intentionally used. Alternatively, it has been conventionally proposed to control the rate of monomer addition within a certain range by controlling the rate of addition of the monomer (JP-A-63-243).
115), this method has a disadvantage that the stability of the produced copolymer latex is impaired.

It has also been proposed to produce a polymer in the presence of diphenylethylene and / or its nucleus-substituted compound (JP-A-53-2579). However, this is a method for producing a low molecular weight polymer having a used amount of 5% or more based on a monomer and a molecular weight of a produced polymer of 50,000 or less by bulk polymerization, and a diene monomer is used as in the present invention. It was not studied for the purpose of producing a high molecular weight polymer as a main component by emulsion polymerization.

[0011]

As described above, the prior art cannot cope with a further increase in printing speed of coated paper, and as a binder capable of producing high quality coated paper. At present, there is a strong demand for the appearance of copolymer latex. Also, the appearance of a copolymer latex having a high adhesive force has been desired for carpets and adhesives.

[0012]

Under these circumstances, the present invention provides a high-performance coating for improving the balance between pick strength, blister resistance and stickiness in coated printing paper. As a result of conducting various studies with the aim of providing a copolymer latex, diphenylethylene and / or its nucleus were used in the emulsion polymerization of conjugated dienes, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids and other monomers copolymerizable therewith. The present invention has been made by finding that the obtained copolymer latex surprisingly achieves the above object by using the substituted compound.

That is, claim 1 of the present invention provides a conjugated diene,
A process for producing a copolymer latex, comprising using diphenylethylene and its nucleus-substituted product represented by the following chemical formula in the emulsion copolymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and other monomers copolymerizable therewith. Claim 2 is a method of continuously adding at least 50% of the monomer, wherein the weight ratio of polymer / monomer in the polymerization reactor during the addition of the monomer is 0/100 to 90%. / Ru manufacturing method der copolymer latex of claim 1, 10 so as to regulate the amount of diphenylethylene.

[0014]

Embedded image

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The diphenylethylene and its nucleus substituted product referred to in the present invention are those represented by the above chemical formula. It is essential that the compounding weight of diphenylethylene is 0.1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of all monomers. Within this range, the strength, which is the effect of the present invention, is exhibited well. A more preferred amount is 0.3 to 4 parts by weight. In determining the amount to be used, if a method in which the monomer mixture is continuously added at a constant flow rate from the start of the polymerization reaction is used, the amount of the polymer / monomer in the polymerization reactor during the addition of the monomer may be determined. The amount is preferably an amount that can be adjusted so that the weight ratio of the monomer is 0/100 to 90/10, and an amount that can be adjusted so that it is 20/80 to 80/20 except for the initial 10 minutes of polymerization. The amount is more preferably adjusted so as to be 40/60 to 70/30 except for the initial 30 minutes of polymerization and the latter 30 minutes of the monomer addition period. If this specific example is shown, the target particle diameter is 0.15 μm, the monomer addition time is 4 hours, the polymerization temperature is 80 ° C., the butadiene / styrene ratio is 33/6.
In the case of 7, 1.5 parts of diphenylethylene, a target particle diameter of 0.2 μm, a monomer addition time of 5 hours, and a polymerization temperature of 7
In the case of 5 ° C./butadiene/styrene ratio of 50/50, one part of diphenylethylene may be blended with the monomer mixture.

[0016] The copolymer latex is a conjugated diene.
(A) , an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (b) and another monomer copolymerizable therewith (c) are obtained by emulsion copolymerization. Examples of the conjugated diene (a) include butadiene, isoprene, and 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene. The amount used is 20 to 90% by weight based on all monomers.
Is desirably within the range. Further, in the case of a copolymer latex for coated paper, a more preferable range of the conjugated diene is 20 to 70% by weight.

The amount of the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (II) is 0.1%.
It is preferably in the range of 5 to 10% by weight. If the content is less than 0.5% by weight, the dispersion stability of the latex cannot be maintained at a high level, and various problems occur at the time of coating preparation and coating. Also, the pick strength is poor. If the content exceeds 10% by weight, the viscosity of the latex or the paint becomes too high, and the water resistance is impaired. Examples of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, monobasic carboxylic acids such as crotonic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, dibasic carboxylic acids such as fumaric acid and monoesters thereof. Can be. Among these, dibasic carboxylic acids are preferred because they can impart high stability to the polymer latex and can exert the effects of the present invention well. Among the examples of other monomers (c), the most representative and effective one is an aromatic (di) vinyl compound, followed by a (meth) acrylate, a vinyl cyanide compound, and an ethylenic amide monomer. And so on.

Examples of the aromatic (di) vinyl compound include styrene, α-methylstyrene, chlorostyrene, alkylstyrene, divinylbenzene and the like. As the (meth) acrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, Glycidyl (meta)
Acrylate and ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate.

Examples of the vinyl cyanide compound include acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile. Examples of the ethylenic amide monomer include (meth) acrylamide and N-methylol (meth) acrylamide. In addition, ethylenic amine monomers such as vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, aminoethyl (meth) acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, and styrene Examples thereof include sodium sulfonate.

In the present invention, known chain transfer agents can be used. For example, as a chain transfer agent containing a sulfur element, alkanethiols such as t-dodecyl mercaptan and n-dodecyl mercaptan: thioalkyl alcohols such as mercaptoethanol and mercaptopropanol: thioalkyl acids such as thioglycolic acid and thiopropionic acid. Carboxylic acid: alkyl thiocarboxylates such as octyl thioglycolate and octyl thiopropionate; and sulfides such as dimethyl sulfide and diethyl sulfide. Preferred examples of the above-mentioned chain transfer agent containing a sulfur element include thioalkylcarboxylic acid alkyl esters.
Other examples of the chain transfer agent include dimers of α-alkylstyrene, terpinolene, dipentene, t-terpinene, and halogenated hydrocarbons such as carbon tetrachloride.

The amount of these chain transfer agents depends on the amount of diphenylethylene and / or its nucleus-substituted compound, but must be adjusted so as to form a copolymer having a molecular weight capable of exhibiting sufficient adhesive strength. No. Further, as for the method of using these chain transfer agents, any known methods can be used. That is, a batch addition method, a continuous addition method, an intermittent addition method, a concentration gradient addition method in which the addition rate is sequentially changed, and the like. Among these addition methods, a method in which a part of the chain transfer agent is continuously added even after the completion of the addition of the monomer is most preferably used because the effect of the present invention is best exhibited.

Next, the manufacturing method will be described. The production method of the present invention comprises water, a surfactant, a monomer, a radical polymerization initiator,
In a dispersion system in which other raw materials are used as basic constituent components, if necessary, these raw materials are converted into an aqueous dispersion of copolymer particles by radical emulsion polymerization. Generally, the copolymer concentration ranges from 40 to 60% by weight. The particle size of the copolymer latex can be adjusted by the use ratio of the surfactant and or the seed latex,
In general, the particle size of the produced copolymer latex becomes smaller as the use ratio is increased. Here, a preferable range of the particle diameter is 0.05 to 1 μm, more preferably 0.07 μm.
０．５0.5 μm.

Examples of the surfactant include anionic surfactants such as fatty acid soap, rosin acid soap, alkyl sulfonate, dialkylaryl sulfonate, alkyl sulfosuccinate, polyoxyethylene alkyl sulfate, and polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl sulfate. There are surfactants, nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, and oxyethylene oxypropylene block copolymer, and cationic surfactants. Other examples of these surfactants include those described in “Surfactant Handbook (Takahashi, Namba, Koike, Kobayashi: Engineering Books, 1972)”. The surfactant is usually used in an anionic surfactant alone or in a mixed system of anionic and nonionic surfactants.
A range of 2% by weight is preferably used.

The polymerization initiator is one which initiates addition polymerization of a monomer by radical decomposition in the presence of heat or a reducing substance, and is water-soluble or oil-soluble peroxodisulfate, peroxide, azobis Compounds and the like are generally used. Examples thereof are potassium peroxodisulfate, sodium peroxodisulfate, ammonium peroxodisulfate, hydrogen peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide,
Examples include benzoyl peroxide, 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile, cumene hydroperoxide and the like, and “POLYMER HANDOOOK 3rd E”.
d. (J. Brandrup, EH Immergu)
t: John Willy & Sons, 198
9)]. Of these, peroxodisulfate is particularly preferable because it exerts the effects of the present invention well. The usage ratio of the polymerization initiator is usually 0.2 to 2.0% by weight based on the monomer. The polymerization temperature is generally in the range of 60 to 90 ° C., but if it is desired to accelerate the polymerization rate or to carry out the polymerization at a lower temperature, sodium bisulfite, ascorbic acid or a salt thereof, erythorbic acid or a salt thereof, Rongalit, A so-called redox polymerization method using a combination of the above reducing agent with a polymerization initiator can be used.

Further, various polymerization regulators are often added as desired. For example, pH adjusters such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, and various chelating agents such as sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. The use of the copolymer latex of the present invention as a binder in a paper coating paint can be carried out in a usual manner. That is, in this embodiment, a copolymer latex is mixed with water in which a dispersant is dissolved, together with an inorganic pigment and / or an organic pigment, a water-soluble polymer, and various additives to form a uniform dispersion. The paint can be applied to the base paper by a usual method such as a blade coater or a roll coater.

[0026]

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples and application examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0027]

EXAMPLES AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 3 parts by weight of an aqueous dispersion of seed particles having a diameter of 0.035 μm (solid content of seeds: 30% by weight) were placed in a pressure-resistant reaction vessel equipped with an agitator and a temperature-controlling jacket. 70 parts by weight, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate and 2.5 parts by weight of itaconic acid were charged, and the internal temperature was raised to 80 ° C.
An oily mixture comprising a polymerization reaction inhibitor and a chain transfer agent, and an aqueous solution comprising 15 parts by weight of water, 1 part by weight of sodium peroxodisulfate, 0.2 part by weight of sodium hydroxide, and 0.1 part by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate. The addition was performed at a constant flow rate over 4 and 5 hours, respectively. And 8
After maintaining the temperature at 0 ° C. for 1 hour, the mixture was cooled, and then potassium hydroxide in an amount shown in Tables 1, 2, and 3 and an appropriate amount of sodium hydroxide were added so that the pH of the produced copolymer latex became 8. did. Unreacted monomers and the like were removed by a steam stripping method, and the mixture was filtered with a filter cloth having a mesh of 75 μm. Incidentally, all the copolymer latexes were adjusted so that the solid content concentration was finally 50% by weight. Tables 1, 2 and 3 show the details of the raw materials and the stability during polymerization (the degree of generation of fine coagulated products).

[0028]

[Application Example 1] The performance of the copolymer latex prepared in each of Examples and Comparative Examples as a binder for paper coating was evaluated. Table 6 shows the results. The coating composition was prepared by a high-speed stirrer with the composition shown in Table 4 and the amount of water at which the nonvolatile content became 64% by weight. The pH of the paint was adjusted to 9.0 with aqueous ammonia. Table 5 shows the conditions for preparing coated paper using this paint. The performance evaluation of the latex and the coated paper was performed by the following method.

(A) Stickiness Latex No. was placed on a PET film. It is applied with 15 rods and heated at 50 ° C for 1 hour to form a film. This film and black rasha paper are combined and pressed under a condition of 200 kg / m and 70 ° C. using a bench super calender. This is peeled off, and the degree of transfer to the latex film of the black brush paper is visually judged and evaluated on a five-point scale (a high score is good).

(B) Blister resistance Using a RI printing tester (manufactured by Meiji Seisakusho), printing ink (WebbZett yellow, manufactured by Dainippon Ink) on both sides of the coated paper
Print 0.3cc solid. The printed coated paper is cut into an appropriate size, and the test piece is immersed in a silicone oil thermostat adjusted to a predetermined temperature to observe whether blisters are generated. This test is performed by changing the temperature of the thermostatic bath, and the lowest temperature at which blister generation is recognized is determined. The higher the temperature, the better the blister resistance.

(C) Dry pick strength Using a RI printing tester, print ink (SD Super Deluxe 50 red B; tack value 18, manufactured by Toka Pigment Co., Ltd.)
Overprinting is performed 4 times and 5 times, and the picking state that appears on the rubber roll is backed up on another backing paper, and the degree is observed. The evaluation was performed by a 10-point evaluation method, and the smaller the picking phenomenon, the higher the score.

(D) Wet pick strength Using a RI printing tester, wet the surface of the coated paper with a water-absorbing roll, and then print ink (SD Super Deluxe 50 red B; tack value 18, manufactured by Toka Pigment Co., Ltd.) 0 Perform printing once at 4 cc, backing the picking state that appeared on the rubber roll on another mount, and observe the degree. The evaluation was performed by a 10-point evaluation method, and the smaller the picking phenomenon, the higher the score.

From Table 6, it is understood that the coated paper using the copolymer latex of the present invention as a binder has a high balance between blister resistance and stickiness.

[0034]

[Application Example 2] The performance of the copolymer latex prepared in Examples and Reference Examples as a binder for carpet backsizing was evaluated. Table 9 shows the results.
Shown in The adhesive paint was prepared by a high-speed stirrer with the composition shown in Table 7 and the amount of water at which the nonvolatile content became 70% by weight. Table 8 shows the carpet preparation conditions using this paint. In addition, the measurement of the peel strength and the thread removal strength, which are the carpet back sizing performance, was measured according to JIS L-102.
1. The higher the average value, the better.

From Table 9, it can be seen that the carpet using the copolymer latex of the present invention as a binder has a highly improved peel strength and thread pull strength.

[0036]

Application Example 3 The performance of the copolymer latex prepared in each of Examples and Comparative Examples as an adhesive was evaluated. Table 10 shows the results. The adhesive sample was prepared by the following method. To the obtained copolymer latex, about 0.5 parts by weight of sodium polyacrylate was added to adjust the viscosity to about 10,000 cps, and it was uniformly coated on release paper at a coating amount of about 45 dry g / m ^2. After coating, it was dried with hot air at 120 ° C. for 2.5 minutes. The dried coating film on the obtained release paper was pressed against the corona discharge-treated surface of a stretched polypropylene film (thickness: about 80 μm), and the dried coating film was transferred to the polypropylene film to obtain an adhesive sample. The adhesive sample was cured for one week at a temperature of 23 ° C and a relative temperature of 65%,
The adhesive properties were measured. The pressure-sensitive adhesive performance was measured by the following method.

(E) High-temperature cohesive force The adhesive sample was stuck on a stainless steel plate by reciprocating a 2 kg roller in a size of 25 mm × 25 mm once, and the adhesive surface was set parallel to the tensile direction of the tensile tester. The shear force was measured at a rate of 2 mm / min in an atmosphere of ° C. (F) Low temperature adhesive strength A loop (loop) is formed with the adhesive layer of the adhesive sample having a width of 25 mm and a length of 250 mm as a surface, and 500 m in an atmosphere of 0 ° C.
It is brought into contact with the cardboard surface at a speed of m / min with almost no pressure. 3 seconds after contact, 500
The peel adhesive strength when peeling off at a speed of mm / min was measured.

(G) PE Adhesion In an atmosphere of 23 ° C., an adhesive sample having a width of 25 mm was adhered to a low-density PE plate containing no additive by reciprocating once with a 2 kg roller, and after being adhered, 20 minutes. After a lapse of minutes, the 180 ° peel strength was measured at a speed of 500 mm / min. From Table 10, it can be seen that the pressure-sensitive adhesive sample using the copolymer latex of the present invention has a highly improved high-temperature cohesive force, low-temperature adhesive force and PE adhesive force.

[0039]

[Table 1]

[0040]

[Table 2]

[0041]

[Table 3]

[0042]

[Table 4]

[0043]

[Table 5]

[0044]

[Table 6]

[0045]

[Table 7]

[0046]

[Table 8]

[0047]

[Table 9]

[0048]

[Table 10]

[0049]

According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the balance between pick strength and other performances in printed coated paper, or
Further, a high-performance copolymer latex capable of further improving the adhesive strength in carpet backsizing and adhesives can be easily obtained.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Toru Takei 1-3-1 Yoko, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C08F 2 / 00-2/60

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An emulsion copolymerization of a conjugated diene, an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and other monomers copolymerizable therewith, in an amount of 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of all monomers.
To 5 parts by weight of diphenylethylene represented by the following chemical formula and / or its nucleus-substituted product. Embedded image 2. A method for continuously adding at least 50% of a monomer, wherein the weight ratio of polymer / monomer in the polymerization reactor during the addition of the monomer is 0/100 to 90/10. 2. The amount of diphenylethylene used is adjusted so that
A method for producing a copolymer latex.