JP3133637B2 - Liquid fuel combustion device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid fuel combustion apparatus, and more particularly, to the generation of tar at the bottom of a vaporization chamber by suppressing the stagnation of the liquid fuel at the bottom of the vaporization chamber and performing stable combustion. The present invention relates to a vaporization type liquid fuel combustion device used for a petroleum fan heater or the like in which gas accumulation is suppressed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in this type of liquid fuel combustion apparatus, liquid fuel ejected and supplied by a fuel nozzle is vaporized inside, and the vaporized gas and combustion air are premixed and supplied to a combustion section. Equipped with a vaporizer.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a conventional liquid fuel combustion apparatus. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a bottomed cylindrical vaporizer having an open top, and a peripheral wall 2 of the vaporizer 1.
A heater 3 composed of a sheathed heater is buried in the upper part of FIG. Reference numeral 4a denotes an air hole through which primary air for combustion and secondary air flow. One end of the air hole 4a communicates with a blower 6 driven by a motor 5. 22 is an air filter.

An air nozzle 18 is formed integrally with the peripheral wall 2 of the vaporizer 1, and a part of the air flowing from the air hole 4 a is blown out from the air nozzle 18 into the vaporizing chamber 10, Part of the air flowing from the hole 4a rises through the air hole 4b and becomes secondary air.

[0005] Reference numeral 7 denotes a fuel supply pipe through which liquid fuel (kerosene) flows. One end of the fuel supply pipe 7 is connected to a fuel tank 9 via a pump 8 such as an electromagnetic pump. The other end of 7 is connected to the base end of a fuel nozzle 11 whose front end faces the vaporization chamber 10 inside the vaporizer 1,
Liquid fuel is ejected and supplied to the vaporization chamber 10 from the tip of the fuel nozzle 11. The fuel tank 9 is provided with a detachable cartridge tank 12.

Reference numeral 13 denotes an aperture plate disposed at an upper opening in the vaporizer 1. A burner head 14 is fitted and mounted on the upper opening of the vaporizer 1 above the aperture plate 13. A wire mesh 15 is provided on the inner and outer surfaces of the peripheral wall of the burner head 14, and a large number of flame holes 16 are formed. Reference numeral 17 denotes a flame holding plate provided at the upper end of the vaporizer 1.
9 is a baffle board.

Next, the vaporizer 1 will be described in detail.
This vaporizer 1 is made of aluminum die-cast,
An air nozzle portion 18 for supplying primary air for combustion, which has a horizontal air passage through which the fuel nozzle 11 is inserted coaxially, is formed on the peripheral wall 2 by integral molding.

Reference numeral 20 denotes an ignition electrode for igniting a mixed gas of vaporized gas and air ejected from the flame hole 16, and reference numeral 21 denotes a frame rod for detecting the ignited flame F and detecting the oxygen concentration.

In the above-described configuration, when the vaporizer 1 rises to a predetermined temperature by energizing the heater 3, the blower 6 and the pump 8 operate, and the liquid fuel flows from the fuel nozzle 11 and the air flows from the air hole 4a. The primary air for combustion is supplied into the vaporization chamber 10 via the nozzle 18. At this time, the primary air for combustion is ejected from the air nozzle section 18 into the vaporization chamber 10, and the liquid fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle 11 is brought into contact with the vaporization surface of the vaporization chamber 10 in the form of particles. The vaporized gas of the liquid fuel vaporized in contact with the vaporized surface is mixed with the primary air for combustion, and the mixed gas enters the burner head 14 through the passage of the throttle plate 13 and is ejected from the flame hole 16. The jetted gas mixture is ignited by the spark discharge of the ignition electrode 20 to form a flame F and start combustion.

After the start of the combustion, the power supply to the heater 3 is stopped, and the vaporizer 1 has a temperature sufficient for vaporizing the liquid fuel by radiant heat from the combustion part or heat conduction from the flame holding plate 17 heated by the combustion. Heated.

[0011]

However, in the above-described conventional configuration, the collision surface of the liquid fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle 11 is small as indicated by the arrow a, and therefore, when the fuel flow rate is large as in the case of strong combustion. Then, it comes into contact with the vaporizing surface of the vaporizing chamber 10 and is vaporized, but a part of the fuel cannot be completely vaporized on the collision surface and flows down to the bottom of the vaporizing chamber (shown by b). For this reason, there is a problem that a time delay of vaporization occurs, resulting in unstable combustion, and generation and accumulation of tar at the bottom of the vaporization chamber.

When the fuel flow rate is small as in the case of weak combustion, the flow rate of combustion air becomes small, and the fuel nozzle 11
The fuel ejected from the fuel is hardly atomized, which causes a time delay of vaporization, resulting in unstable combustion and the same problems as in strong combustion.

Further, there is a problem that an odor is generated at the time of starting combustion or at the time of stopping combustion due to a time delay of vaporization of the liquid fuel flowing down to the bottom of the vaporization chamber.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and stably burns in a wide range of combustion conditions from strong combustion to weak combustion, and suppresses the generation and accumulation of tar at the bottom of the vaporization chamber. It is another object of the present invention to provide a liquid fuel combustion device that suppresses generation of odor at the time of starting or stopping combustion.

[0015]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have made intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, provided at least a part of the bottom of the vaporizer with a large number of small holes penetrating into the vaporization chamber. By supplying air into the room, it is possible to promote the vaporization of the liquid fuel that has flowed down to the bottom of the vaporization chamber without being completely vaporized in the vaporization chamber, and it has been found that the above problem can be solved.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the fuel nozzle and the liquid fuel jetted and supplied by the fuel nozzle are internally vaporized, and the vaporized gas and the combustion air are premixed and supplied to the combustion section. A liquid fuel combustion device comprising: a vaporizer that performs combustion, an air nozzle for supplying combustion air provided on a peripheral wall of the vaporizer, and a blower that feeds combustion air to the air nozzle. A liquid fuel combustion apparatus characterized in that a plurality of small holes penetrating into the vaporization chamber are provided in the section and air is supplied into the vaporization chamber through the small holes.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to the first aspect, air obtained by diverting combustion air is supplied into the vaporization chamber through the small holes.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to the first aspect, air from an air supply device such as an air pump or a fan is supplied into the vaporization chamber through the small holes. I do.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to the first to third aspects, wherein at least a part of the bottom of the vaporizer has a large number of small holes penetrating into the vaporization chamber. It is characterized by consisting of.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to the first to fourth aspects, the porous body is made of a sintered metal.

[0021]

According to the present invention, even if part of the fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle cannot be completely vaporized on the collision surface and flows down to the bottom of the vaporization chamber, the present invention passes through the above-mentioned many small holes in the vaporizer bottom. As a result, the heated air is supplied into the vaporization chamber, whereby the vaporization is promoted and the liquid fuel does not stay at the bottom of the vaporization chamber. This eliminates the problem of tar generation or accumulation at the bottom of the vaporization chamber. Further, odor at the time of starting combustion or at the time of stopping combustion, which is generated due to a time delay of vaporization of the liquid fuel, is suppressed.

Since the liquid fuel is diffused by the air supplied into the vaporizing chamber through the small holes and the air from the air nozzle portion, a large vaporized surface can be obtained, and the mixing of the vaporized liquid fuel and the air is promoted.

As described above, the vaporized surface of the liquid fuel can be made large, and the liquid fuel flowing down to the bottom of the vaporization chamber is promoted to be vaporized, so that all the liquid fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle is vaporized instantaneously. Unstable combustion due to the time delay of vaporization as shown in (1) is eliminated, and stable combustion can be performed.

The plurality of small holes described above may be provided on the entire surface of the bottom of the vaporizer, or may be provided on a part thereof. The small holes are preferably provided at least in the vicinity where a portion of the liquid fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle cannot be completely vaporized on the collision surface and flows down to the bottom of the vaporization chamber and accumulates.

Various conditions such as the size, number, and shape of the small holes, the amount of air supplied from the small holes, and the speed are not particularly limited. These conditions are preferably determined so that the air supplied from the small holes promotes the vaporization of the liquid fuel flowing down.

If the diameter of the small hole is too small, the resistance becomes large and it is difficult for air to pass through. On the contrary, if it is too large, the liquid fuel leaks.
1.2 mm, and preferably about 1 mm. When the diameter of the small hole becomes about 1.5 mm to 2 mm, the liquid fuel leaks,
If a means for collecting the leaked liquid fuel is provided, the leak may be caused.

The air supplied from the small holes is heated when passing through the small holes, but if it is preheated by another heating means and then supplied into the vaporization chamber, the vaporization of the liquid fuel flowing down is further promoted. .

By diverting the primary air and supplying it through a number of small holes provided at the bottom of the vaporizer, the present invention can be easily and economically implemented without largely changing the conventional apparatus.

By supplying air from an air supply device such as an air pump or a fan from a large number of small holes provided at the bottom of the vaporizer, it becomes easy to control various conditions such as the amount and speed of air in an optimum range. In addition, the present invention can be easily and economically implemented without significantly changing the conventional apparatus.

The small holes at the bottom of the vaporizer may be formed by perforating the existing vaporizer bottom, but a part or all of the vaporizer bottom can be made of a porous material. The material of the porous body is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ceramics and metals. These can use a commercial thing.

If the porous body is a sintered metal, it is easily available, and the present invention can be easily and economically implemented without largely changing the conventional apparatus.

[0032]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the contents of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, but the present invention is not limited to these contents.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a main part of a liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. (1) in FIG.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view for explaining the overall configuration of a liquid fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention of a type in which a vaporizer 1 and a blower 6 are integrated, and FIG. 1 (2) is a liquid fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view illustrating an enlarged cross section AA of FIG.

1 is a vaporizer, 2 is a peripheral wall of the vaporizer 1,
Reference numeral 4a denotes an air hole through which primary air for combustion and secondary air flow. One end of the air hole 4a communicates with the blower 6.
22 is an air filter. A large number of small holes 23 are formed at the bottom of the vaporizer 1 in the vicinity where the liquid fuel that has not completely vaporized and flows down accumulates.
Is provided, and a part of the air flowing from the air hole 4a is supplied from the small hole 23 to the vaporization chamber 10 (indicated by an arrow d). Further, a part of the air flowing from the air hole 4a is blown out from the air nozzle portion 18 to the vaporizing chamber 10. Part of the air flowing from the air holes 4a rises through the air holes 4b and becomes secondary air.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a diaphragm plate. A burner head 14 is fitted and mounted on the upper opening of the vaporizer 1 above the diaphragm plate 13. A wire mesh 15 is provided on the inner and outer surfaces of the peripheral wall of the burner head 14, and a large number of flame holes 16 are formed. Reference numeral 17 denotes a flame holding plate provided at the upper end of the vaporizer 1, and 19 denotes a baffle plate.

In the above configuration, when the vaporizer 1 rises to a predetermined temperature by energizing the heater 3, the blower 6 and the pump 8 operate, and the liquid fuel is ejected and supplied from the tip of the fuel nozzle 11 to the vaporization chamber 10. At the same time, air is supplied from the air nozzle section 18 into the vaporization chamber 10, and at the same time, air is supplied from a number of small holes 23 into the vaporization chamber 10.

The liquid fuel ejected from the tip of the fuel nozzle 11 into the vaporizing chamber 10 is diffused by the air ejected from the air nozzle section 18 and diffused by the air supplied from the small holes 23 into the vaporizing chamber 10. As shown by the arrow c, the collision surface of the liquid fuel becomes large and comes into contact with the vaporization surface of the vaporization chamber 10.

The gas ejected from the air nozzle section 18 and the air supplied from the small holes 23 mix the vaporized liquid fuel with the air, so that the mixing is promoted.

Even if part of the fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle 11 cannot be completely vaporized on the collision surface and flows down to the bottom of the vaporization chamber, the air (d) is heated and supplied by passing through the small holes 23.
Accordingly, vaporization is promoted, and the liquid fuel does not stay at the bottom of the vaporization chamber.

The liquid fuel has a large vaporizing surface, a part of the liquid fuel cannot be completely vaporized on the collision surface, and the vaporization is promoted even if it flows down to the bottom of the vaporizing chamber. Are instantaneously vaporized, and the vaporized gas is mixed with the primary air for combustion, and the mixed gas enters the burner head 14 through the passage of the throttle plate 13 and is ejected from the flame hole 16 to perform stable combustion. be able to.

As described above, the vaporized surface of the liquid fuel can be made large, and all the liquid fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle can be vaporized instantaneously to perform stable combustion. The odor generated at the start of combustion or at the time of combustion stoppage is suppressed, and the problem of tar generation or accumulation at the bottom of the vaporization chamber is eliminated.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a main part of a liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 1 denote the same components.

In a lower portion of the bottom of the vaporizer 1, a pipe 24 and an air reservoir 25 for diverting a part of the air flowing from the air hole 4a are provided.
Is provided. A large number of small holes 23 are provided at the bottom of the vaporizer 1 in the vicinity where the liquid fuel that cannot be completely vaporized and flows down accumulates. Then, a part of the air flowing from the air hole 4a is diverted, passed through the pipe 24, supplied to the vaporization chamber 10 from the many small holes 23 through the air reservoir 25 (indicated by an arrow d). Part of the air that has flowed in from the air hole 4a is blown out from the air nozzle portion 18 to the vaporization chamber 10, and part of the air that has flowed in from the air hole 4a rises through the air hole 4b and becomes secondary air. Becomes

In the above configuration, when the vaporizer 1 rises to a predetermined temperature by energizing the heater 3, the blower 6 and the pump 8 operate, and the liquid fuel is ejected and supplied from the tip of the fuel nozzle 11 to the vaporization chamber 10. At the same time, air is supplied from the air nozzle section 18 into the vaporization chamber 10, and at the same time, air is supplied from a number of small holes 23 into the vaporization chamber 10.

The liquid fuel ejected from the tip of the fuel nozzle 11 into the vaporizing chamber 10 is diffused by the air ejected from the air nozzle section 18 and diffused by the air supplied from the small holes 23 into the vaporizing chamber 10. As shown by the arrow c, the collision surface of the liquid fuel becomes large and comes into contact with the vaporization surface of the vaporization chamber 10.

The gas ejected from the air nozzle section 18 and the air supplied from the small holes 23 mix the vaporized liquid fuel with the air, so that the mixing is promoted.

Even if part of the fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle 11 cannot be completely vaporized on the collision surface and flows down to the bottom of the vaporization chamber, the air (d) is heated and supplied by passing through the small holes 23.
Accordingly, vaporization is promoted, and the liquid fuel does not stay at the bottom of the vaporization chamber.

The liquid fuel has a large vaporizing surface, a part of the liquid fuel cannot be completely vaporized on the collision surface, and the vaporization is promoted even if the liquid fuel flows down to the bottom of the vaporizing chamber. Are instantaneously vaporized, and the vaporized gas is mixed with the primary air for combustion, and the mixed gas enters the burner head 14 through the passage of the throttle plate 13 and is ejected from the flame hole 16 to perform stable combustion. be able to.

As described above, the vaporized surface of the liquid fuel can be made large, and all the liquid fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle can be vaporized instantaneously and stable combustion can be performed. The odor generated at the start of combustion or at the time of combustion stoppage is suppressed, and the problem of tar generation or accumulation at the bottom of the vaporization chamber is eliminated.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a main part of a liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. 1 and 2 indicate the same components.

At the bottom of the bottom of the vaporizer 1, a small fan 27
A pipe 26 and an air reservoir 25 through which air from the air flows are provided. A large number of small holes 23 are provided at the bottom of the vaporizer 1 in the vicinity where the liquid fuel that cannot be completely vaporized and flows down accumulates. And
The air from the small fan 27 is supplied to the vaporization chamber 10 from the many small holes 23 through the pipe 26 and the air reservoir 25 (indicated by an arrow d). Part of the air that has flowed in from the air hole 4a is blown out from the air nozzle portion 18 to the vaporization chamber 10, and part of the air that has flowed in from the air hole 4a rises through the air hole 4b and becomes secondary air. Becomes

In the above configuration, when the vaporizer 1 rises to a predetermined temperature by energizing the heater 3, the blower 6, the pump 8 and the small fan 27 operate, and the liquid fuel flows from the tip of the fuel nozzle 11 into the vaporization chamber. 10, air is supplied from the air nozzle section 18 into the vaporization chamber 10, and air from the small fan 27 is simultaneously supplied into the vaporization chamber 10 from many small holes 23.

The liquid fuel ejected from the tip of the fuel nozzle 11 into the vaporizing chamber 10 is diffused by the air ejected from the air nozzle section 18 and diffused by the air supplied from the small holes 23 into the vaporizing chamber 10. As shown by the arrow c, the collision surface of the liquid fuel becomes large and comes into contact with the vaporization surface of the vaporization chamber 10.

The gas ejected from the air nozzle 18 and the air supplied from the small holes 23 mix the vaporized liquid fuel with the air, so that the mixing is promoted.

Even if part of the fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle 11 cannot be completely vaporized on the collision surface and flows down to the bottom of the vaporization chamber, the air (d) is heated and supplied by passing through the small holes 23.
Accordingly, vaporization is promoted, and the liquid fuel does not stay at the bottom of the vaporization chamber.

The liquid fuel has a large vaporized surface, a part of the liquid fuel cannot be completely vaporized on the collision surface, and the vaporization is promoted even if the liquid fuel flows down to the bottom of the vaporizing chamber. Are instantaneously vaporized, and the vaporized gas is mixed with the primary air for combustion, and the mixed gas enters the burner head 14 through the passage of the throttle plate 13 and is ejected from the flame hole 16 to perform stable combustion. be able to.

As described above, the vaporized surface of the liquid fuel can be made large, and all the liquid fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle can be vaporized instantaneously and stable combustion can be performed. The odor generated at the start of combustion or at the time of combustion stoppage is suppressed, and the problem of tar generation or accumulation at the bottom of the vaporization chamber is eliminated.

[0058]

As described above, the present invention is constructed as described above, and therefore, in a wide range of combustion from a strong combustion to a small fuel flow rate, for example, part of the fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle cannot be completely vaporized on the collision surface. Even if it flows down to the bottom of the vaporization chamber, vaporization is promoted by the air supplied into the vaporization chamber through the many small holes in the bottom of the vaporizer, and the liquid fuel does not stay at the bottom of the vaporization chamber. Therefore, the problem of tar generation or accumulation at the bottom of the vaporization chamber is eliminated.

Since the liquid fuel ejected and supplied from the fuel nozzle is diffused by the air ejected from the air nozzle portion and the air supplied into the vaporizing chamber from the many small holes, the collision surface of the liquid fuel becomes wide and As a result, the vaporized liquid fuel and air are mixed, so that mixing is promoted.

As described above, the vaporized surface of the liquid fuel can be made large, and the liquid fuel flowing down to the bottom of the vaporizing chamber is promoted to be vaporized, so that all the liquid fuel ejected from the fuel nozzle is vaporized instantaneously. Unstable combustion due to the vaporization time delay as shown in the example is eliminated, and stable combustion can be performed. Further, the odor at the start of combustion or at the stop of combustion, which is generated due to the time delay of vaporization of the liquid fuel, is suppressed.

By diverting the primary air and supplying it through a number of small holes provided at the bottom of the vaporizer, the present invention can be easily and economically implemented without greatly changing the conventional apparatus.

By supplying air from an air supply device such as an air pump or a fan from a large number of small holes provided at the bottom of the vaporizer, it becomes easy to control various conditions such as the amount and speed of air in an optimum range. In addition, the present invention can be easily and economically implemented without significantly changing the conventional apparatus.

The small holes at the bottom of the vaporizer may be formed by perforating the bottom of the existing vaporizer, but a part or the whole of the bottom of the vaporizer can be made of a porous material. If the porous body is a sintered metal, it is easily available, and the present invention can be easily and economically implemented without significantly changing a conventional apparatus.

The liquid fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention has a simple structure, is economical, and has a large effect, and therefore has high industrial utility value.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a liquid fuel combustion apparatus showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of a liquid fuel combustion apparatus showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part of a liquid fuel combustion apparatus showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of a conventional liquid fuel combustion device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 vaporizer 2 peripheral wall 3 heater 4a, 4b air hole 5 motor 6 blower 7 liquid fuel supply pipe 8 pump 9 fuel tank 10 vaporization chamber 11 fuel nozzle 12 cartridge tank 13 throttle plate 14 burner head 15 wire mesh 16 flame hole 17 flame holding Plate 18 Air nozzle unit 19 Baffle plate 20 Ignition electrode 21 Frame rod 22 Air filter 23 Small hole 24, 26 Pipe line 25 Air reservoir 27 Small fan

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-5-203117 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Showa 60-6925 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 60-6924 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 56- 144954 (JP, U) JP-A 4-25916 (JP, U) JP-A 56-173816 (JP, U) JP-B 39-21911 (JP, B1) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F23D 11/10 F23D 11/40-11/44

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fuel nozzle, a vaporizer for internally vaporizing liquid fuel ejected and supplied by the fuel nozzle, and premixing the vaporized gas and combustion air to supply the mixture to a combustion section; In a liquid fuel combustion device provided with a combustion air supply air nozzle portion provided on a peripheral wall and a blower for feeding combustion air to the air nozzle portion, a large number of at least a part of a vaporizer bottom portion penetrates into a vaporization chamber. A liquid fuel combustion device characterized by providing small holes, and supplying air into the vaporization chamber through the small holes. 2. The air obtained by diverting combustion air is supplied into the vaporization chamber through the small holes.
A liquid fuel combustion device as described. 3. The liquid fuel combustion device according to claim 1, wherein air from an air supply device such as an air pump or a fan is supplied into the vaporization chamber through the small hole. 4. The liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the bottom of the vaporizer is formed of a porous body having a number of small holes penetrating into the vaporization chamber. 5. The liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the porous body is a sintered metal.