JP3129911B2 - Adjustment method of centerless grinder - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technology for adjusting a centerless grinder device, and to quickly, easily, and easily adjust a setup according to a change in a diameter dimension (specifically, a finishing dimension of a diameter) of a workpiece. a <br/> shall relates to a regulating how that can accurately perform, when performing feed grinding, particularly practical effect is remarkable.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 2 is a schematic front view showing a basic structure and function of a centerless grinder. A workpiece 1 having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface is mounted on a blade 2 and supported by the blade 2 and an adjusting grindstone 3. This support is performed by the top surface of the blade 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the adjusting grindstone 3, and the positioning is not performed by detecting the central axis of the workpiece 1. Regulating wheel 3 above is rotated in the direction of arrow R ₁ by a driving device (not shown), the workpiece 1 is in contact with this arrow L
It can be rotated like. The grinding wheel 4 is positioned above the arrow L
While being rotated in the arrow R ₂ direction at a greater peripheral speed than the peripheral speed of the workpiece 1 which is rotating in the direction, and Surisawa the workpiece 1 is ground it to true cylindrical surface. The illustrated angle α is the vertex angle of the blade 2, the dimension H is the center height, the angle β is the center angle with respect to the grinding wheel, the angle γ is the center angle with respect to the adjusting wheel, and the angle (β + γ) is called the center angle. . These numerical values must be strictly controlled in order to perform high-precision centerless grinding, but it is difficult to calculate them uniquely according to formulas, and includes elements set based on advanced knowledge and many years of experience. It is the present situation.

[0003] In the figure, XX shown in the figure is a straight line connecting the center point 3s of the adjusting grindstone 3 and the center point 4s of the grinding wheel 4, and is not necessarily a horizontal axis. When the configuration shown in FIG. 2 is three-dimensionally understood, XX represents a plane. This XX is the center line 3s of the adjusting whetstone 3.
And the center line 4 s of the grinding wheel 4. FIG. 3 is a schematic front view showing an example of a centerless grinder apparatus corresponding to the basic structure shown in FIG. 2 described above. FIG.
In FIG. 7, components denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 are the same components as described above. The grinding wheel 4 is a grinding wheel driving mechanism 5
And is driven to rotate. The grinding wheel drive mechanism 5 is installed on a bed 10. On the other hand, the adjusting grindstone 3 is supported by the adjusting grindstone driving mechanism 6 and is driven to rotate. The adjusting grindstone drive mechanism 6 is mounted on the upper slide mechanism 7 and is driven to reciprocate in a reciprocating arrow bb ′ direction. The upper slide mechanism 7 is mounted on a horizontal swivel 8 so as to be able to rotate about a vertical virtual axis Z. The above-mentioned “horizontal turntable 8 equipped with the slide mechanism 7” is further mounted on a lower slide mechanism 9. The main purpose of the provision of the lower slide mechanism 9 is to retreat the adjusting grindstone 3 and the blade 2 to the right in the drawing to facilitate the adjustment of the adjusting grindstone 3 and the blade 2, and arrows aa ′. Go back and forth like
FIG. 4 is a front view schematically showing a type of centerless grinder apparatus in which a lower slide mechanism is inclined, showing a different conventional example of the centerless grinder apparatus. As described above, the lower slide mechanism 9 is inclined so that the slide direction (arrow bb ′) of the upper slide mechanism 7 is inclined by the angle φ. The swivel 8 'shown in FIG. 4 is a component similar to the horizontal swivel 8 in FIG. 2 described above, and is commonly called a horizontal swivel. However, in this example, the swivel is no longer horizontal. In the present invention, it will be simply referred to as a turning table. The significance of tilting the lower slide mechanism 9 as described above is as follows. The workpiece 1 is ground and finished to a highly accurate cylindrical surface, but the material is not always a correct cylindrical surface. In particular, when the material is cast or forged, the distortion is relatively large. A cylindrical workpiece having such a distortion, by turning the regulating wheel 3 while supporting at the blade 2 and the regulating wheel 3 as shown in FIG. 2 in the direction of arrow R _1, the strained The workpiece 1 may not rotate well. In such a case, when the component supporting the workpiece 1 is inclined as shown in FIG. 4, the workpiece 1 is pressed against the adjusting grindstone 3 by the gravitational load acting on the workpiece 1, It can be surely rotated. Also in this conventional example (FIG. 4), the upper slide surface 7b of the upper slide mechanism 7 and the lower slide surface 9b of the lower slide mechanism 9 are also provided.
And are configured to be parallel. FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a principal part for explaining a state in which through feed grinding is performed using the centerless grinder apparatus according to the conventional example shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. The through feed grinding (through feed grinding) is a method in which a fine feed angle is given to the adjusting grindstone 3 to grind the workpiece while passing the workpiece in the axial direction. Dressed to make a curved surface. The workpiece material 1A is guided by the inlet guide plates 11a and 11b and supplied in the direction of arrow A, and is groundlessly ground while passing between the adjusting whetstone 3 and the grinding whetstone. Board 12
It is sent out in the direction of arrow B while being guided by a and 12b. This through feed grinding method has an advantage that it can perform centerless grinding automatically and continuously with high efficiency while sequentially supplying a large number of workpiece materials, and is widely used. Are the entrance guide plates 11a, 11
b, and it is very difficult to adjust the positions and postures of the exit guide plates 12a and 12b. This adjustment is difficult to automatically control by substituting a required numerical value into an arithmetic expression, and requires a high degree of skill and labor.

[0004]

As described above with reference to FIG. 5, the fact that the adjustment of the guide plate in the through feed grinding requires a high degree of skill and a great deal of time and labor is described above. In the case of so-called setup change, it appears as an important defect. That is, when the finished dimension (specifically, the finished dimension of the diameter) of the workpiece changes, readjustment requires a high degree of skill and a great deal of time and labor, so that the efficiency is reduced and the processing cost is increased. FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a problem associated with the setup change adjustment. The relative positional relationship between the blade, the adjusting wheel, the grinding wheel, and the workpiece in the centerless grinding is classified into two types, large and small. FIG. 3 is a diagram in which symbols representing the direction of operation are added to a front view schematically depicting the workpiece of FIG. XX shown in FIG.
Is a plane including the center line of the adjusting whetstone and the center line of the grinding whetstone as described above, and reference numeral 4 denotes a grinding whetstone. Now, considering a case where a small-diameter workpiece 1S drawn by a solid line is subjected to centerless grinding by a through feed method, the adjusting grindstone is located at 3A drawn by a solid line, and its center is 3As.
It is. The center 3As described above is a center line perpendicular to the plane of the paper when considered as a whole, but can also be considered as a point as shown in the figure. In this case, the small-diameter workpiece 1S
Is O ₁ and the radius is r ₁ . The center O _{1 is} also a center line, but may be considered as a center point. Next, the radius r ₂
To change the setup of a large-diameter workpiece 1L (indicated by a phantom line) so as to perform centerless grinding, 3D drawn by a broken line is used.
As in B, the adjusting wheel must be retracted. According to the conventional centerless grinding device (FIGS. 3 and 4), the center line 3As of the adjusting grindstone 3A can be retracted to the position of the illustrated center line 3Bs along the plane XX. The adjustment of the guide plate accompanying the above-mentioned operation (retreat of the adjusting grindstone) will be described below. For convenience of explanation, the exit guide plate 12a shown in FIG. 5 is taken as an example. The line in contact with the adjustment grindstone 3A of the small-diameter workpiece 1S is a pass line Pa. The pass line Pa passes through the illustrated point and is perpendicular to the paper. Then, the guide plate is adjusted so as to be in contact with the workpiece (1S in this case) in the above-described pass line Pa, and the relative position with respect to the adjustment grindstone 3A is fixed (specifically,
The adjusting wheel driving mechanism 6 (FIGS. 3 and 4) is fixed. Next, considering the position of the guide plate with respect to the large-diameter workpiece 1L, as in the case of the above (small-diameter workpiece 1S), the adjusting grindstone is located at 3B, and the guide plate is located on the pass line Pb. Is adjusted so as to be in contact with the workpiece (in this case, 1 L), and the relative position with respect to the adjustment grindstone 3B is fixed. When comparing before and after the above setup change adjustment,
The pass line moves from Pa to Pb as shown by arrow c. The arrow c is located on a plane including the pass line Pa and the pass line Pb, and is a direction of a line orthogonal to the pass lines Pa and Pb. On the other hand, the center line of the adjusting grindstone moves from a position perpendicular to the paper surface through the illustrated point 3As, to a position perpendicular to the paper surface through the point 3Bs along the plane XX. In brief, the pass line Pa is indicated by an arrow c.
To the point Pb in the direction, and the position (represented by the center) of the adjusting grindstone moves from the point 3As to the point 3Bs in the XX direction. For this reason, the guide plate which has been fixed relatively to the adjusting grindstone 3A must be fixed again by correcting the relative position with respect to the adjusting grindstone. However, as described above, the adjustment of the guide plate requires a high degree of skill and a great deal of time. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and assuming that the position of the blade is not moved, and when the finish diameter of the workpiece changes, the setup change adjustment can be performed only by moving the position of the adjusting grindstone. it is possible to perform, and to provide no need to change the position of the guide plates for regulating wheel (i.e., readjusted not require the guide plate) of the centerless grinder adjustment how. By the guide plate adjusting work requires manual by highly skilled becomes unnecessary, it is easily ing setup change work in centerless grinding feed mode. For this reason,
That it is possible to automate the setup change work also to be expected.

[0005]

Next, the basic principle of the present invention will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 6 described above. First, it is necessary to readjust the guide plate with the movement of the adjusting grindstone. The reason is that the pass line Pa becomes the same Pb as the adjustment plate moves (3As → 3Bs). In order to simplify the expression, according to the plane geometric expression method based on FIG. 6, the adjusting grindstone moves from the point 3As to the point 3Bs,
The pass line moves from point Pa to point Pb (arrow c).
Now, considering an arrow c 'parallel to the arrow c from the point 3As, the arrow c' has an inclination of an angle に 対 し て with respect to the axis XX. As described above, when the guide plate is adjusted so as to be in contact with the workpiece in the pass line, and considering that the relative position with respect to the adjustment grindstone is fixed, the axis XX which is the moving direction of the adjustment grindstone; There is a cause that needs to be readjusted where the arrow c 'which is the moving direction of the pass line intersects.

Therefore, the present invention moves the adjusting grindstone in the direction of the arrow c 'in the setup change adjustment based on the fact that the pass line moves in the direction of the arrow c according to the change in the finished diameter of the workpiece. Accordingly, the pass line moves in the same direction as the adjustment grindstone, so that the relative position of the guide plate with respect to the adjustment grindstone does not need to be changed. In FIG. 6 described above, with respect to the pass line Pa of the small-diameter workpiece and the pass line Pb of the workpiece, arrows c and c 'in the moving direction of the pass line, and an angle φ formed by the arrows with the plane XX. However, in detail, it is necessary to consider a large number of pass lines for a large number of workpieces such as a small diameter, a medium diameter, and a large diameter, and to consider a moving path of the pass line accompanying a change in the diameter.
As described above, assuming a large number of pass lines, precise calculations and actual measurements show that, although strictly a curve is formed, the radius of curvature is very large, and in practice it is considered a straight line be able to. Therefore, this virtual approximate straight line and the surface X-
The angle of intersection with X is θ. Considering such an angle θ, the adjusting whetstone is moved to the surface X without moving the grinding whetstone and the blade.
When the path line is moved in the angle θ direction with respect to −X, the pass line is also moved in the angle θ direction. Further, as described above (paragraph 0004), since the guide plate is installed with its position fixed relative to the adjusting grindstone, the moving direction of the guide plate is equal to the moving direction of the adjusting grindstone. The invention method created based on the above-described principle will be described with reference to FIG. 1 corresponding to the embodiment. When the through-feed grinding is performed by the centerless grinder, the method corresponds to the change in the finished diameter of the workpiece. When the setup change adjustment is performed, the direction (bb ′) for moving the center line (3A) of the adjustment grindstone (3) forward and backward is adjusted by the center line (4A) of the grinding grindstone (4) and the adjustment grindstone (3). Plane (XX) passing through the center line (3A)
Are intersected at the angle θ described above.

[0007]

[0008]

According to the above-mentioned means, when the throughfeed grinding is performed by the centerless grinder, when the setup is changed in accordance with a change in the finished diameter of the workpiece, the movement of the pass line before and after the adjusting grindstone and the movement of the pass line. The direction is the same. Therefore, the setup can be changed without correcting the adjustment state of the guide plate whose position relative to the adjustment grindstone is fixed. Since there is no need to readjust the guide plate, the setup change operation can be performed quickly and easily directly, improving work efficiency.
Processing costs are reduced. Further, since a highly skilled expert is not required, personnel management costs for skilled workers are reduced, and a factor that has been a bottleneck in automation of setup change work is eliminated. In addition, the fact that re-adjustment is not required has an indirect effect of eliminating the cause of an artificial re-adjustment error and stabilizing product quality.
By the application of the present invention, in the through-feed type centerless grinder grinding, the setup change adjustment according to the change of the finish diameter of the workpiece can be performed only by changing the position of the adjustment grindstone. By moving the grindstone back and forth, it is possible to carry out unattended, and the contribution to the full automation of the centerless grinder is extremely large.

[0009]

Next, referring to FIGS. 1 and 6 sequentially, FIG.
An embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic front elevational view showing one embodiment of a centerless grinder adjusting device configured to carry out a centerless grinder adjusting method according to the present invention. The apparatus of this embodiment (FIG. 1) is an example in which the present invention is applied to the apparatus of the conventional example shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 and is improved, and is the same as the above-described conventional example (FIGS. 3 and 4). The same reference numerals and names denote the same or similar components as those in the conventional example. Next, a difference between FIG. 1 (embodiment) and FIGS. 3 and 4 (conventional example), that is, a point improved by applying the present invention will be described.

At the top of the bed 10 ', the lower slide mechanism 9 is mounted with an inclination of an angle θ. This inclination is higher near the grinding wheel 5 and lower near the grinding wheel 5. The swivel 8 'and the upper slide mechanism 7 are mounted on the lower slide mechanism 9 having the angle θ as described above, and the adjusting wheel driving mechanism 6 is mounted thereon so as to have the intersection angle θ. The upper slide surface 7b of the upper slide mechanism 7 is horizontal. And the grinding wheel 4
Plane X including the center line 4A of the adjustment whetstone 3 and the center line 4A
−X forms an angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane, and the lower slide mechanism 9
That it has become parallel to the slide surface 9b. In the present embodiment, according to the principle described with reference to FIG. 6, the setup change corresponding to the change in the finish diameter of the workpiece is performed by the adjustment grinding wheel 3.
Is only required to move forward and backward in the direction of the arrow b-b ', and readjustment of the guide plate is not required. Therefore, NC control of forward and backward movement in the direction of the arrow b-b' is performed to automate the setup change operation. be able to. This setup change operation is performed by NC
When controlling, it is important that the adjusting wheel be moved in front of the adjusting wheel, in the reverse direction (arrow bb ') with respect to the axis XX, or with the arrow a
-A '. In this case, NC
The arithmetic expression given to cause the control panel to calculate the forward and backward dimensions may be obtained analytically based on FIG. As described above, the arrow bb '(i.e., the upper slide surface 7
It is the essence of the present invention that b) intersect, and the upper slide surface 7b does not necessarily have to be horizontal.
To make the operation of the upper slide mechanism 7 smooth, and (b) to reliably maintain the adjustment state of the upper slide mechanism 7, and (c) Compatibility of parts with other types of centerless grinder devices. In order to achieve this, it is desirable to set the upper slider surface 7b to be horizontal as in this embodiment (FIG. 1).

[0011]

When the present invention is applied, when performing feed feed grinding with a centerless grinder, when performing a setup change in accordance with a change in the finish diameter of a workpiece, a pass line is provided before and after the adjustment grinding wheel. In the same direction. Therefore, the setup can be changed without correcting the adjustment state of the guide plate whose position relative to the adjustment grindstone is fixed. Since there is no need to readjust the guide plate, the setup change operation can be directly and promptly and easily performed, thereby improving the work efficiency and reducing the processing cost. Further, since a highly skilled expert is not required, personnel management costs for skilled workers are reduced, and a factor that has been a bottleneck in automation of setup change work is eliminated. In addition, the fact that re-adjustment is not required has an indirect effect of eliminating the cause of an artificial re-adjustment error and stabilizing product quality. By the application of the present invention, in the through-feed type centerless grinder grinding, the setup change adjustment according to the change of the finish diameter of the workpiece can be performed only by changing the position of the adjustment grindstone. By moving the grindstone back and forth, it is possible to carry out unattended, and the contribution to the full automation of the centerless grinder is extremely large.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front elevational view showing an embodiment of a centerless grinder adjusting device configured to carry out a centerless grinder adjusting method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view illustrating a basic structure and function of a centerless grinder.

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view showing an example of a centerless grinder device corresponding to the basic structure shown in FIG. 2 described above.

FIG. 4 is a front view schematically showing a type of a centerless grinder device in which a lower slide mechanism is inclined, which shows a conventional example different from the above with respect to the centerless grinder device.

5 is a schematic fragmentary plan view showing for explaining a state in which performing feed grinding using a centerless grinder apparatus according to the conventional example of the appended FIG. 3 or FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a problem associated with setup change adjustment, in which a relative positional relationship between a blade, an adjustment grindstone, a grinding grindstone, and a workpiece in centerless grinding is large and small. FIG. 3 is a diagram in which symbols representing the directions of operation are added to front views schematically depicting two types of workpieces.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Workpiece, 1L ... Large-diameter workpiece, 1S ... Small-diameter workpiece, 2 ... Blade, 3 ... Adjustment grindstone, 3A ... Adjustment grindstone / advance position, 3As ... Adjustment grindstone at the advance position, 3B
... Adjustment wheel / retract position, 3Bs ... Center of adjustment wheel at retraction position, 4 ... Grinding wheel, 5 ... Drive mechanism for grinding wheel, 6 ... Drive mechanism for adjustment wheel, 7 ... Top slide mechanism, 7a ... Servo motor, 7b … Top slide surface, 8… horizontal turning machine,
8 ': turntable, 9: lower slide mechanism, 9a: servo motor, 9b: lower slide surface, 10: conventional bed,
10 ': Beds having a slope on the top surface, 11a, 11b ...
Inlet guide plates, 12a, 12b ... outlet guide plates.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-7-80762 (JP, A) JP-A-6-246608 (JP, A) JP-A-3-117545 (JP, A) JP-A-63-1988 93553 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model 1-97853 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B24B 5/18

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. When performing feed-feed grinding with a centerless grinder, when performing setup change adjustment in response to a change in the finished diameter of a workpiece, the center line (3A) of the adjustment grinding wheel (3) is moved forward and backward. The direction (bb ′) to be made is defined by the following intersection angle with respect to a plane (XX) including the center line (4A) of the grinding wheel (4) and the center line (3A) of the adjusting wheel (3). A method for adjusting a centerless grinder, characterized by intersecting at θ. Assuming a workpiece having a radius dimension r _{1 and} a workpiece having a radius dimension r ₂ , a radius dimension r in contact with the blade (2) and the grinding wheel (4)
The center point of the _first circle with the O _1, the center point of the circle of radius r ₂ in contact with the said blade and the grinding grindstone and O _2, and the center line of the grinding wheel, and the center line of the regulating wheel Is defined as XX, the pass line where the workpiece having a radius r ₁ is in contact with the adjusting grindstone is defined as Pa, and the adjusting grindstone is moved in the XX direction without changing the positions of the grinding grindstone and the blade. as well as assume a state which made Sesse in workpiece radius r ₂ Te, the pass line of the workpiece radius r ₂ in this state is in contact with the regulating wheel Pb
The plane connecting the two pass lines Pa and Pb is denoted by c, and the intersection angle between the plane c and the plane XX is denoted by θ. 2. A direction in which the center line of the adjusting whetstone intersects with a plane passing through the center line of the adjusting whetstone and the center line of the adjusting whetstone at an angle θ in response to a change in the finished diameter of the workpiece. The method for adjusting a centerless grinder according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting grindstone driving mechanism supporting the adjusting grindstone is moved by a predetermined dimension by NC control when the centerless grinder is moved.