JP3123292U - Electric vehicle motor device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a motor device for an electric vehicle that enables downsizing, high reliability, simplification, high strength and high accuracy of a motor drive system of the electric vehicle.
A drive motor and a speed reducer are built in a hub. Both ends of the hub 1 are rotatably attached to the axle 2. Stator flanges 6 a and 6 b for fixing the stator 5 of the drive motor are fixed to the axle 2. The rotor 7 is rotatably attached to the axle 2. The speed reducer includes an intermediate gear 11 that meshes with both external teeth 7 c formed on the rotor rotation shaft 7 a and internal teeth 10 provided on the inner periphery of the hub 1. The intermediate gear 11 is rotatably supported on an attachment holder 6c provided on the stator flange 6b by an insertion shaft 13 and integrated with a drive motor. A lead wire from the drive motor passes through a wiring hole 2b inside the axle 2 from a passage opening 2c on the axle 2 between the rotor rotating shaft 7b and the stator flange 6a, and then leads out on the axle 2 outside the hub 1. Pull out from 2d.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a motor device for an electric vehicle suitable for an electric assist bicycle, an electric motorcycle, an electric wheelchair, and the like, and more specifically, an electric motor that enables downsizing, high reliability, and simplification of a motor drive system of these electric vehicles. The present invention relates to a car motor device.

  Depending on the pedal load, the electric motor device that rotates the front and rear wheels by rotating the electric motor device according to the accelerator amount, the two-wheel or three-wheeled electric motorcycle, and the electric motor device that rotates the front and rear wheels 2. Description of the Related Art Two-wheeled and three-wheeled electric assist bicycles (hereinafter referred to as electric vehicles) are known that are assisted to rotate.

  As an electric motor device for rotating the front wheels and rear wheels of an electric bicycle, there are those described in Patent Documents 1 to 4. These electric motor devices have a structure provided with a reduction gear in a hub provided on the axle and supporting the wheels with spokes or the like, and directly rotate the wheels.

  JP-A-11-255177   JP 2001-341688 A   JP 2002-154471 A   JP 2005-278234 A

  However, in the techniques of Patent Documents 2 and 4, since the axle is separated on the left and right, there is a problem in strength when supporting the load of the vehicle body. There is also a problem in adjusting and maintaining the coaxiality of the left and right axles.

  Further, in the techniques of Patent Documents 1 and 3, since the axle is integrated, there is no problem as described above. However, the parts between the hub and the axle and between the motor bracket and the axle are complicated and the accuracy of the coaxial is poor. Since there are many points, there is a problem that the reliability is low and the size is increased.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the problem is that the motor drive system of an electric vehicle can be reduced in size, increased in reliability, simplified, increased in strength and increased in accuracy. An electric vehicle motor device is provided.

  In order to solve the above problems, the configuration of the electric vehicle motor device according to claim 1 of the present invention is a motor device for an electric vehicle having a structure in which a drive motor and a speed reducer are built in a hub, Both ends of the hub are rotatably attached to the axle of the electric vehicle, the stator fixing portion of the drive motor is fixed to the axle and the rotor is rotatably attached, and the intermediate gear is rotatably held on the stator fixing portion. The intermediate gear is meshed with the external teeth on the rotor surface and the internal teeth on the inner surface of the hub to constitute the speed reducer.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the motor device for an electric vehicle according to the first aspect, the intermediate gear is supported by an insertion shaft so as to be rotatable by a mounting holder provided in a fixed portion of the stator. The insertion shaft is fixed to the mounting holder.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the motor device for an electric vehicle according to the first or second aspect, the hub includes a main body portion having a wheel attachment portion and an end face rotatably attached to the axle. The end face is composed of a remaining lid portion rotatably attached to the axle, and the main body portion and the lid portion are screwed together.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the motor device for an electric vehicle according to any one of the first to third aspects, a lead wire from the stator is passed through a hollow portion opened from the hub to the axle. It is characterized by being pulled out.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the intermediate gear of the speed reducer and its mounting portion are integrated with the mounting portion of the stator of the motor, so that it can be simplified and reduced in size, and the hub can be simply used as the axle. Since it is attached with the structure, the strength is improved and the reliability is improved.

  Moreover, according to the structure of Claim 2 of this invention, the effect that the assembly of a reduction gear becomes easy is acquired.

  Further, according to the configuration of claim 3 of the present invention, the hub is divided into two parts and directly threaded so that they can be integrated by screw connection. The effect that the seal | sticker with respect to etc. becomes easy is acquired.

  Further, according to the configuration of claim 4 of the present invention, it is possible to avoid the interference between the rotation of the motor and the rotation of the hub so that the wiring in the hub can be drawn to the outside, and the hub can be rotatably attached to the axle. .

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The description will be made specifically using an embodiment applied to a two-wheeled electric bicycle.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in the axle direction showing the mechanical configuration of an electric vehicle motor apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded perspective view thereof. The motor device for an electric vehicle in the present embodiment has a structure in which a drive motor and a speed reducer are built in the hub 1. The hub 1 includes a cylindrical hub body 1a that occupies most of the hub 1 and the remaining lid-shaped hub flange 1b. The hub body 1a and the hub flange 1b are screw-coupled by a hub coupling screw portion 1c. On the cylindrical outer periphery of the hub main body 1a, flanges 1d and 1e for attaching spokes of wheels (not shown) are provided. The end surface of the hub body 1a is rotatably attached to the axle 2 by a bearing 3 such as a ball bearing. The hub flange 1b is rotatably attached to the axle 2 by a bearing 4 at its end face.

  The drive motor includes stator flanges 6 a and 6 b that support the stator 5 on both sides in the axle direction, and a rotor 7. The stator flange 6b is fixed to the axle 2 by a stator flange fixing hole 2a. The stator flange 6a is fixed to the stator flange 6b with the stator 5 sandwiched between a plurality of long screws. In the case of a brushless motor, a winding 5a is wound around the stator 5 in a plurality of phases, and a rotor magnet 7a in which N-pole and S-pole magnets are alternately magnetized in the direction of the circumferential surface is provided on the circumferential surface of the rotor 7. Provided. A rotor position sensor 8 such as a magnetic sensor for controlling the rotation of the motor is disposed on one end face of the rotor magnet 7a and fixed to the stator flange 6a. The rotor rotation shaft 7b is formed in a hollow shape, and the axle 2 is loosely inserted into the hollow. The rotor 7 has one side of the rotor rotation shaft 7b rotatably attached to the stator flange 6a by the bearing 9a, and the other side of the rotor rotation shaft 7b is rotatably attached to the stator flange 6b by the bearing 9b. It is attached so as to be rotatable.

  The drive motor described above is housed in the hub 1, but the outer dimensions are kept small so that the hub 1 can rotate with respect to the axle 2. The axle 2 is provided with a hollow wiring hole 2b in order to draw the lead wire from the winding 5a and the lead wire from the rotor position sensor 8 to the outside. These lead lines are led out through a wiring hole 2b from a through hole 2c opened in the axle 2 between the rotor rotating shaft 7b and the stator flange 6a, and drawn out from an outlet 2d opened in the axle 2 outside the hub 1. It is. The outlet 2d is sealed with an appropriate sealing material for waterproofing and dustproofing. Similarly, the bearings 3 and 4 and the hub coupling screw portion 1c are also sealed with an appropriate sealing material (such as an oil seal if a bearing) for waterproofing and dustproofing.

  The present invention is characterized in that the speed reducer and the drive motor are integrated. The speed reducer includes external teeth 7c formed or fitted directly on the surface of the rotor rotating shaft 7b, internal teeth 10 formed or fitted directly on the inner peripheral surface of the hub flange 1b, external teeth 7c and The intermediate gear 11 is meshed with both of the internal teeth 10. The intermediate gear 11 is formed by coaxially forming a large-diameter tooth 11 a meshed with the external tooth 7 c and a small-diameter tooth 11 b meshed with the internal tooth 10. The intermediate gear 11 is supported by an insertion shaft 13 rotatably on bearing holders 12a and 12b on a mounting holder 6c provided on the stator flange 6b. The insertion shaft 13 is fixed to the mounting holder 6c. The mounting holder 6c is provided with an opening 6d at a portion where the large-diameter tooth 11a meshes with the external tooth 7c.

  FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing an assembly procedure of the intermediate gear 11. First, the intermediate gear 11 is inserted into the mounting holder 6c provided on the stator flange 6b so that the large-diameter teeth 11a of the intermediate gear 11 mesh with the external teeth 7c (see FIG. 1) of the rotor rotation shaft. In addition, bearings 12a (see FIG. 1) and 12b are fixed to the both end surfaces of the intermediate gear 11 in advance. Subsequently, the insertion shaft 13 is inserted into the bearings 12a and 12b of the intermediate gear 11 from the insertion hole 6e formed in the mounting holder 6c. Finally, the insertion shaft 13 is fixed to the mounting holder 6c with screws 6f or the like.

  An example of the operation of this apparatus having the above configuration will be described. The stator 5 is fixed to the axle 2 via stator flanges 6a and 6b. Here, when the rotation of the drive motor is controlled, the rotor 7 rotates and the rotor rotation shaft 7 b rotates with respect to the axle 2. When the rotor rotation shaft 7b rotates, the external teeth 7c (the number of teeth w) formed on the rotor rotation shaft 7b rotate, and the large-diameter teeth 11a (the number of teeth x) meshing with the external teeth 7c have a ratio of w / x. To decelerate and rotate. At the same time, since the small-diameter teeth 11b (the number of teeth y) also rotate, the internal teeth 10 (the number of teeth z) meshed with the small-diameter teeth 11b rotate at a reduced rate of y / z. Therefore, the hub 1 in which the internal teeth 10 are formed rotates with respect to the axle 2 by reducing the rotation of the rotor 7 with a reduction ratio of (w / x) · (y / z).

  Next, when the rotation of the driving motor is stopped, the hub 1 continues to rotate freely together with the rotor rotating shaft 7b. The rotation of the rotor 7 at this time can be used for regenerative braking. Further, if a sprocket is attached to either the left or right side of the hub 1 and a chain from the pedal portion is wound, it can be operated as an electrically assisted bicycle that assists the thrust by human power.

  According to the above configuration, since the intermediate gear 11 of the speed reducer and the mounting holder 6c, which is the mounting portion thereof, are integrated with the stator flange 6b of the motor, the hub can be simplified and miniaturized, and the hub 1 can be attached to the axle 2. Since it is attached with a simple structure, the strength can be improved and the reliability can be improved. Further, since the speed reducer is assembled by inserting the insertion shaft 13, the speed reducer can be easily assembled. Further, since the hub 1 is divided into two parts and directly threaded so that they can be integrated by screw connection, there is no ineffective space generated by bolt connection using a flange or the like, and sealing against rainwater, dust, or the like is facilitated.

  Further, the lead wire from the winding 5a, the lead wire from the rotor position sensor 8, and the like are hollow in the axle shaft 2 from the through-hole 2c opened on the axle shaft 2 between the rotor rotation shaft 7b and the stator flange 6a. Since the lead-out wiring hole 2b is pulled out to the outside of the stator flange 6a through the outlet 2d, the wiring in the hub 1 can be pulled out to avoid interference between the rotation of the driving motor and the rotation of the hub 1, The hub 1 can be rotatably mounted on the axle 2.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the axle direction showing the mechanical configuration of a motor device for an electric vehicle that is a second embodiment of the present invention. The motor device for an electric vehicle in the present embodiment is configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment except for the configuration of the speed reducer. Only explained. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the configuration of the gears in the reduction gear is different.

  In the configuration of the gear of the present embodiment, the intermediate gear 14 meshed with the external teeth 7c is only the large-diameter tooth of the first embodiment, and the internal teeth 15 meshed with the intermediate gear 14 are directly on the inner peripheral surface of the hub body 1a. Forming or fitting. When the hub has the same diameter as that of the first embodiment, the reduction ratio is small, which is preferable when the power of the motor is large, or when the diameter of the motor and the diameter of the hub are large.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to the present embodiment, and the present invention can be changed even if there is a design change without departing from the gist of the present invention. included. For example, in the above-described embodiment, an example is described in which the present invention is applied to the rear wheel of a bicycle, but since it is downsized, it can be easily applied to the front wheel. Further, the present invention may be applied to both front wheels and rear wheels, and in the case of three wheels, it may be applied to both parallel wheels. Moreover, in the electric vehicle motor device of each embodiment, an example in which one intermediate gear meshing with the internal teeth is used is shown, but a plurality of concentric circles are arranged at equal intervals, such as two to three. It may be used.

  The present invention is not limited to two-wheeled or three-wheeled electric motorcycles and two-wheeled or three-wheeled electric bicycles, but is also widely suitable for other electric vehicles such as two-wheeled and three-wheeled electric assist bicycles and electric wheelchairs. Is available.

It is sectional drawing which shows the mechanical structure of the motor apparatus for electric vehicles which is Example 1 of this invention. It is a general | schematic disassembled perspective view which shows the mechanical structure of the motor apparatus for electric vehicles. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the assembly procedure of the intermediate gear of the motor apparatus for electric vehicles. It is sectional drawing which shows the mechanical structure of the motor apparatus for electric vehicles which is Example 2 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hub 1a ... Hub main body 1b ... Hub flange 1c ... Hub coupling | bond screw part 1d, 1e ... Collar part 2 ... Axle 2b ... Wiring hole 3, 4 ... Bearing 5 ... Stator 6a, 6b ... Stator flange 6c ... Mounting holder 7 ... Rotor 7a ... Rotor magnet 7b ... Rotor rotating shaft 7c ... External teeth 8 ... Rotor position sensors 9a, 9b ... Bearing 10 ... Internal teeth 11 ... Intermediate gear 11a ... Large diameter teeth 11b ... Small diameter teeth 12a, 12b ... Bearing 13 ... Insertion shaft 14 ... Intermediate gear 15 ... Internal teeth

Claims (4)

  A motor device for an electric vehicle having a structure in which a drive motor and a speed reducer are built in a hub, wherein both ends of the hub are rotatably attached to an axle of the electric vehicle, and a stator of the drive motor is attached to the axle. A fixed portion is fixed and a rotor is rotatably attached, an intermediate gear is rotatably held on the fixed portion of the stator, and the intermediate gear is meshed with external teeth on the rotor surface and internal teeth on the inner surface of the hub. A motor device for an electric vehicle, comprising a reduction gear.   2. The intermediate gear according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate gear is supported by an insertion shaft rotatably on a mounting holder provided in a fixed portion of the stator, and the insertion shaft is fixed to the mounting holder. Motor device for electric vehicles.   The hub includes a main body portion having a wheel mounting portion and an end surface rotatably attached to the axle, and a remaining lid portion having an end surface rotatably attached to the axle, and the main body portion and the lid portion. The motor device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the motor is screwed.   The motor device for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a lead wire from the stator is pulled out from the hub through a hollow portion formed in the axle.

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