JP3121969U - Heat and water vapor resistance measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for simply measuring heat and water vapor resistance in a steady state of a material constituting a textile product such as clothes with little error.
A porous metal plate having a measuring part provided horizontally, a metal block having a water injection channel opened upward, fixed in contact with the lower surface of the porous metal plate, and incorporating heating means, A metal block temperature control device, a metal block heating power measuring device, and a water injection device for supplying water to the water injection channel, the water injection device being connected to the water injection channel, a water level control water tank, and the water level control water tank And a water supply device for supplying water.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring heat and water vapor resistance, and more particularly to an apparatus for measuring the movement characteristics of heat and water vapor in a steady state of a textile product, and more specifically, heat and water vapor in a steady state of a textile product. The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring resistance with little error.

  In general, when designing textile products such as clothes, the comfort of clothes and the like is an important evaluation index. The most basic and important characteristics of comfort are those related to heat and moisture transfer. The comfort when the garment is actually worn is greatly influenced by the temperature and humidity in the space formed by the skin of the human body and the garment, and it is important to control each within the so-called comfort zone. The measurement technology to achieve this can be broadly classified in stages, from the design of materials that make up textile products such as clothes to the trial production of clothes, etc. First, the materials that make up textile products such as clothes as the first step Technology for measuring heat and water vapor transfer characteristics in steady state with less error, and as a second step, error in heat and water vapor transfer characteristics in the space formed by simulated skin and the material constituting textiles such as clothes It is necessary to have a technique to measure less, and as a third step, a technique to measure the movement characteristics of heat and water vapor in the space formed by the simulated human body and textiles such as clothes with less error, and these results and actual wear It is important to contrast the heat and water vapor transfer characteristics or comfort when doing so.

  In general, the heat transfer characteristics include, for example, a thermal resistance, a claw value, a dissipated heat loss amount, a heat retention rate, and a temperature. Further, the water vapor transfer characteristics include water vapor resistance, water vapor passage amount, moisture permeability, humidity, and the like. These heat and water vapor transfer characteristics are easy to measure in different measurement units, such as ° C for temperature and% RH for humidity, and are often measured by separate measuring devices. However, the heat and water vapor transfer characteristics measured in different measurement unit systems are difficult to optimally design materials by comparing the effects of each on the overall system. is there. As one solution, the present inventors have considered that heat and water vapor transfer should be considered as energy transfer, and heat and water vapor resistance should be selected as characteristics.

  Specifically, as a test method related to the heat transfer characteristics in the steady state of the conventional method corresponding to the first step, for example, the test method described in JIS L 1096 (General Textile Test Method, 1999), No.8. The heat retention A method (constant temperature method) described in 28.1 is known. In this technology, the amount of heat that flows toward the low-temperature outside air by attaching a test piece to the upper metal plate surface of the constant temperature heating element that is provided at the lower part of the hood with the upper part open and surrounded by a heat guard. 2 hours after the surface temperature of the heating element becomes a constant value, the heat loss that is transmitted through the test piece and dissipated is obtained, and this is the same temperature with no test piece remaining. The heat retention rate is obtained by calculation from the difference and the heat loss dissipated in time. This method is an excellent technique for measuring heat transfer characteristics, but does not disclose or suggest any technique for measuring water vapor transfer characteristics with a small error.

Moreover, as a test method related to the water vapor movement characteristics in a steady state corresponding to the first step, for example, a method described in JIS L 1099 (a method for testing the moisture permeability of a textile product, 1993) is known. One example is that a moisture absorbent is placed in a moisture permeable cup that has been preheated to about 40 ° C., and the surface of the test piece is placed on the moisture permeable cup with the surface of the specimen facing the moisture absorbent and fixed and sealed to obtain a specimen. Place the test piece in a constant temperature and humidity device at a temperature of 40 ± 2 ° C. and humidity (90 ± 5)% RH at a position where the wind speed about 1 cm above the top does not exceed 0.8 m / s. Measure the mass, place the specimen again at the same position in the thermo-hygrostat after the measurement, take out the specimen one hour later, measure the mass immediately, and measure the mass of water vapor that passed through the test piece of the fiber product. The product is converted per 1m ² · 1 hour. Although this method is an excellent technique for measuring the mass of water vapor that has passed through a test piece of textile, no technique for measuring heat transfer characteristics is disclosed or suggested.

  The heat loss and heat retention rate obtained in the above two examples and the amount of water vapor passed are different in measuring equipment and units, so the characteristics cannot be compared with each other, and the heat and water vapor resistance that can optimize the material design compared to each other. Cannot be asked.

  On the other hand, many studies related to devices and methods for measuring heat and water vapor transfer characteristics of materials constituting clothes and the like using the same measuring device corresponding to the second step have been conducted. For example, artificial skin is constructed by providing simulated skin on the top surface of the box, putting water in the box, and heating it with a heater to release the generated vapor from the top surface of the simulated skin. An apparatus is disclosed (Patent Document 1). However, with this device, the only way to control the amount of sweat is to raise the water temperature in the box, so it is difficult to control the amount of permeated water vapor and the temperature separately with this device, and it is difficult to control the environmental conditions with clothes, etc. While greatly different, it is not a technique corresponding to the first step, and it is difficult to obtain heat and water vapor transfer characteristics that can be compared with each other and heat and water vapor resistance that can be compared with each other.

  In addition, when the water vapor introduced into the box from the outside corresponding to the second step is released from the water vapor permeable film or the water vapor permeable plate provided on any surface of the box, the temperature and humidity inside the box An apparatus capable of controlling the amount and temperature of the diffused water vapor by adjusting the pressure has been proposed (Patent Document 2). However, in this apparatus, since the water vapor diffused from the pores of the water vapor permeable membrane is accompanied by an air flow, it differs greatly from the environmental conditions in which clothes are worn, unlike the actual sweating action of the human body. It is difficult to obtain heat and water vapor transfer characteristics that can be compared with each other and heat and water vapor resistance that can be compared with each other.

In recent years, an improved garment climate simulation apparatus corresponding to the second step has been developed. For example, simulated skin made of a porous material, a base having sweat holes, sweating means having a heat source part for supplying heat to the base, water supply means for supplying water to the sweat holes, and the base from the heat source part A heat amount control means for controlling the amount of heat supplied to the sample, a sample fixing means for extending and fixing the sample on the upper surface close to the simulated skin, and a gap for measuring the temperature and humidity in the gap between the simulated skin and the sample A climate simulation in clothes that includes a temperature / humidity sensor and that intermittently supplies water by simulating the motion state of a human body using a device having a water supply amount control means for controlling the amount of water supplied from the water supply means to the sweat hole. A technique is disclosed (Patent Document 3). This technology simulates the state of motion of the human body in an unsteady state, and the clothes and the temperature and humidity resulting from the movement of heat and water vapor in the space formed by the simulated skin and the materials that make up the clothes, etc. are actually worn Thus, it is excellent in that it can be measured in correspondence with the temperature and humidity in the space formed by the skin and the material constituting the clothes when exercising. Further, each sweat hole and water supply means are directly connected by a tube, and about 0.01 cc / min from each sweat hole in the substrate (about 245 g / (m ² × hr) as the total sweat amount supplied to the substrate) It is also excellent in that a small amount of water can be uniformly discharged, water can be diffused with porous simulated skin, and discharged as uniform water vapor. However, in this device, the structure of the base is complicated because it is necessary to connect each sweat hole and the tube, and there is an upper limit on the number of sweat holes, and because the inner diameter of the tube is small, the pressure loss due to scale deposition increases. In addition to the fact that errors in water absorption are likely to occur, improvement is desired. In addition, this technique is not a technique corresponding to the first step, and the temperature and humidity of the space between the simulated skin and the sample are measured. It is difficult to determine the movement characteristics of water vapor and the heat and water vapor resistance that can be compared with each other.

  As a similar technique, a heat generating member and a simulated skin formed by laminating a low thermal conductivity member selected from the group consisting of vinyl chloride resin, silicone, rubber and acrylic resin in this order, for example, a medical plastic syringe A technique for measuring the surface temperature of the simulated skin and the environment in clothes is disclosed using an apparatus to which an aqueous solution supplying means capable of supplying a continuous and variable body temperature aqueous solution to each sweat hole is provided. (Patent Document 4). This technology artificially expresses human sweating and heat generation, and can stably and easily control the sweating of gas and liquid / ball from the sweating holes of the simulated skin, and accurately releases the heat from the skin and the skin temperature. It is excellent in that it can be reproduced well, and by using this apparatus, the environment in the clothes when the human body wears the clothes can be accurately reproduced. However, in this device, the structure of the base is complicated because it is necessary to connect each sweat hole and the tube, and there is an upper limit on the number of sweat holes, and because the inner diameter of the tube is small, the pressure loss due to scale deposition increases. In addition to the fact that errors in water absorption are likely to occur, improvements are desired, and this technique is not a technique equivalent to the first step, and uses a low thermal conductivity member as a simulated skin. The thermal resistance of the material to be obtained cannot be obtained, and it is difficult to obtain the water vapor resistance.

JP 58-21164 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-6012 JP 2003-49311 A JP 2003-167510 A

  The purpose of the present invention is to make it possible to compare the heat transfer characteristics in the steady state and the water transfer characteristics in order to facilitate the design of the materials that make up the textile products such as clothes, and make them errors. An object of the present invention is to provide a device that performs measurement with little and simpleness. More specifically, both heat transfer and water vapor transfer are considered to be energy transfer, and a device that easily measures heat and water vapor resistance in the steady state of materials constituting textiles such as clothes without errors. Is to provide.

  First, the present invention is an apparatus for measuring heat and water vapor resistance, the measuring part having a horizontally provided porous metal plate, and a water injection channel opened upward, and the lower surface of the porous metal plate. A metal block which is fixed in contact with the heater and has a built-in heating means, a temperature control device for the metal block, a metal block heating power measuring device, and a water injection device for supplying water to the water injection channel. A water level control water tank communicating with the water injection channel and a water supply device for supplying water to the water level control water tank are provided.

  The present invention secondly, a porous metal plate provided horizontally, a metal block having a water injection channel open upward, fixed in contact with the lower surface of the porous metal plate, and incorporating heating means, A metal block temperature control device, a metal block heating power measuring device, and a water injection device for supplying water to the water injection channel. The water injection device is connected to the water level control water tank communicated with the water injection channel, and the water level control water tank. A heat and water vapor guard including a water supply device for supplying water is provided around the measurement unit.

In a preferred embodiment, the device of the present invention has the following configuration.
(1) The water level control water tank is arranged at a position in a horizontal relationship with the water channel.
(2) Water level control A water level detection sensor is provided in the water tank to control the water supply device.
(3) The water level control water tank is inclined.
(4) Incorporate a measurement unit and heat and water vapor guards in the test wind tunnel.
(5) A measurement unit or a measurement unit and a heat and water vapor guard are provided in the constant temperature and humidity chamber, or a test wind tunnel incorporating the measurement unit and the heat and water vapor guard is provided in the test wind tunnel.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an apparatus for simply measuring the heat and water vapor resistance in a steady state of a material constituting a textile product such as clothes with little error.

  In the present invention, a typical example of a substance to be measured is a textile product such as clothes. For example, a multilayer composite material used for clothes, quilts, sleeping bags, upholstery materials, and other textile products or products similar to fibers. Also included are fabrics, films, coatings, foams, and leather.

The thermal resistance Rct is a value obtained by dividing the temperature difference between both surfaces of the sample (that is, the difference between the surface temperature of the porous metal plate and the ambient temperature) by the heat flow rate per unit area synthesized in the temperature gradient direction. The drying heat flow rate may be composed of one or more electrothermal, convective and radiative components. The thermal resistance Rct (m ² · K / W) is a value inherent to the dough sample or the composite sample, and the drying heat flow rate passing through a predetermined area is determined from this value according to the temperature in the steady state.

The water vapor resistance Ret is a value obtained by dividing the water vapor pressure difference on both surfaces of the sample (that is, the difference between the saturated water vapor pressure at the surface temperature of the porous metal plate and the water vapor pressure in the atmosphere) by the heat flow rate per unit area synthesized in the temperature gradient direction. is there. The evaporation heat flow rate may be composed of both diffusion and convection components. The water vapor resistance Ret (m ² · Pa / W) is a value inherent to the dough sample or the composite sample, and from this value, a potential evaporation heat flow rate that passes through a predetermined area according to a difference in water pressure in a steady state. Is decided.

From the thermal resistance and water vapor resistance, the water vapor transmission index i _mt can be obtained. The water vapor transmission index i _mt is a ratio of the thermal resistance to the water vapor resistance, and is obtained from the following equation (1).
i _mt = S · Rct / Ret (1)

Here, S = 60 Pa / K, i _mt is a dimensionless numerical value between 0 and 1. When this value is 0, it means that the sample does not allow water vapor to pass through. In other words, the water vapor resistance is infinite. A sample having this value of 1 means that it has the same thermal resistance and water vapor resistance as an air layer of the same thickness.

Further, the water vapor permeability W _d can be determined from the water vapor resistance. The water vapor permeability W _d is a characteristic of the dough sample or the composite sample depending on the water vapor resistance and temperature, and is obtained from the following equation (2).
W _d = 1 / ( _Ret · φ _Tm ) (2)
Here, φ _Tm is the latent heat accompanying the evaporation of water when the measuring section is at the temperature Tm, for example, 0.672 W. at Tm = 35 ° C. h / g. The water vapor permeability is g / m ² . h. Expressed as Pa.
Next, in order to help understanding of the configuration of the device of the present invention, a basic concept will be briefly described.

The test piece to be used for the test is placed on a porous metal plate electrically heated to, for example, 30 to 40 ° C., preferably 33 to 37 ° C., more preferably 35 ° C. near the skin temperature. The conditioned air is blown so as to flow across the upper surface of the test piece in a direction parallel to the upper surface of the test piece. In order to measure the thermal resistance, for example, air conditioned at a temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 65% RH is blown, and the heat flux passing through the test piece is measured after the system reaches a steady state. In the test method using the present invention apparatus, by subtracting the thermal resistance of the air layer of the porous metal plate upper surface of the bare from the heat resistance of the air layer in the test piece + interface, it is required thermal resistance R _ct sample . However, the resistance values measured under the same test conditions are used for both resistances.

In order to measure the water vapor resistance, a porous metal plate electrically heated to, for example, 30 to 40 ° C., preferably 33 to 37 ° C., more preferably 35 ° C. near the skin temperature allows water vapor to permeate but liquid water. Is covered with a non-permeable membrane (hereinafter referred to as a moisture permeable waterproof membrane). Moisture supplied to the heated porous metal plate evaporates and passes through the membrane as vapor. Thus, liquid water does not contact the specimen. In a state where the test piece is placed on the membrane, air conditioned air having the same temperature as the porous metal plate, for example, a temperature of 25 to 35 ° C. and a relative humidity of 40 to 65% RH is blown. The heat flux when the temperature on the plate is kept constant is a measure of the moisture evaporation rate, and the water vapor resistance of the test piece is measured from this rate. In the test method using the present invention apparatus, the water vapor resistance R _et sample is determined by subtracting the water vapor resistance of bare porous metal plate upper surface of the air layer from water vapor resistance of the air layer of the test piece + interface. However, the resistance values measured under the same test conditions are used for both resistances.

The best mode of the measuring device of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration example of a measuring apparatus capable of controlling the temperature and the amount of water injection according to the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a porous metal plate which is a component of the measuring unit 7 capable of controlling the temperature and the amount of water to be injected. The porous metal plate 1 needs to be installed horizontally in order to dissipate heat and water vapor uniformly from its upper surface to reduce measurement errors, and is fixed in contact with its lower surface and has a built-in heating means. While being heated by the block 6, water is supplied from the water injection path 12 opened on the upper surface of the metal block 6.

Examples of the porous metal plate 1 include a porous sintered metal plate and a metal plate having a large number of small holes formed in the vertical direction. In the case of a porous sintered metal plate, the pore size is preferably 5 to 40 μm, more preferably 10 to 20 μm. In the case of a metal plate having a large number of holes, the hole diameter is preferably 0.5 to 2 mm, particularly preferably 1.0 to 1.5 mm. In order to make the temperature of each part of the porous metal plate 1 and the diffusion of water vapor more uniform, the thickness is preferably 1 to 5 mm, particularly about 3 mm, and the area is 0.04 m ² or more (for example, 200 mm × 200 mm). Is preferred. The infrared emissivity of the surface of the porous metal plate 1 is greater than 0.35 when measured at 20 ° C. and a wavelength of 8 μm to 14 μm.

Temperature control device 3 comprises a temperature sensor 2, by controlling the heating means 13, the temperature T _m of a measuring unit 7 to keep constant to within ± 0.1 K. The heating power is measured by ± 2% over the entire use range by an appropriate heating power measuring device 4.

  The water injection channel 12 is built in the metal block 6 that is in contact with the porous metal plate 1 so that the upper side is opened. An example of the water injection channel seen from above is shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the water injection channel is formed by providing concave portions that are continuous in a lattice shape on the upper surface of the metal block.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the water injection device 5 has a water supply device 14 such as a pump and a water level control water tank 15, and water is supplied from the water supply source 16 through the pipe 19 to the water level control water tank 15, and from there through the communication pipe 17. It is supplied to the water injection channel 12. Then, water is supplied from the water injection channel 12 to the porous metal plate 1 and evaporated to be diffused as water vapor. At least a part of the water level control water tank 15 is arranged in a horizontal position with respect to the water injection path 12, and the lower part of both is in communication with a communication pipe 17. It is preferable that the communication pipe 17 is arranged so that water can be supplied to at least one, preferably two or more locations below the water injection channel 12.

Here, the restriction conditions related to the amount of water supplied to the porous metal plate 1 will be described. The amount of sweating corresponding to insensitive steaming is about 23 g / hr. m ² , the amount of sweating corresponding to running is about 130 g / hr. Generally referred to as m ² . When this is converted per minute from a porous metal plate of 400 cm ² (for example, 20 cm × 20 cm), for example, the trace amounts are 15 mg / min and 87 mg / min, respectively. According to the experiment of the present inventors, for example, when trying to feed water using a tube-type micro metering pump or a cylinder extrusion micro metering pump, the amount of water absorption is extremely small. It has been found that the problem of fluctuations in the amount of water supply due to slight fluctuations in the outer diameter of the piston can become so large that it cannot be ignored. Further, when the water level in the porous metal plate supplied is below 1 mm from the upper surface of the porous metal plate, the amount of water vapor diffused from the moisture-permeable waterproof membrane (described later) covering the porous metal plate described above decreases. In addition, it has been found that there is a difference in the amount of diffusion depending on the part, and further, the amount of water vapor diffusion decreases with time, and a problem that the steady state necessary for obtaining the water vapor resistance cannot be created may occur.

  As a result of research, this problem has been confirmed that the water level is controlled in a water level control water tank 15 that is strictly installed using a level or the like so that the surface of the porous metal plate 1 is horizontal and communicated with the water injection channel 12 in the metal block 6. A detection sensor 18 is provided, and the water level of the water level control water tank 15 is set in advance so that it is almost equal to the upper surface of the porous metal plate 1 or slightly above in the vertical direction, and the water level in the porous metal plate 1 is, for example, the plate surface The water level detection sensor 18 senses when it is about 1.0 mm below, and can be solved by operating the water supply device 14 such as a water supply pump from the water supply source 16 to restore the water level in the water level control water tank 15 as much as necessary. It has been found that the speed can be kept constant. The water level control sensitivity can be further increased by inclining the water level control water tank.

  The water level detection sensor 18 needs to be able to detect the water level in a non-contact manner, such as a capacitance type or an optical type. Since it is necessary to detect and control the water level more strictly than before, in a contact sensor, a slight water level detection error due to the surface tension of water causes a large evaporation rate error.

  Before entering the porous metal plate 1, the water is preheated to the temperature of the porous metal plate 1. Since the amount of evaporation is small, this is possible by passing water through the water injection path 12 in the metal block 6 before the water enters the porous metal plate 1, and the amount of water evaporation can be made steady at a constant temperature. it can.

  FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration example of an apparatus including a heat and water vapor guard capable of temperature control according to the present invention. However, the embodiment of FIG. 3 shows an example in which only a heat guard is provided (also referred to as heat and water vapor guard in this case). In order to measure the heat and water vapor resistance with less error, it is desirable to surround the perforated metal plate 1 with a heat and water vapor guard 8. As for the structure, it is desirable to set it as the structure provided with the water injection channel similarly to the above-mentioned measurement part 7. FIG. However, if circumstances do not allow, a structure with only a heat guard excluding the steam guard can be used. Reference numeral 9 is a temperature control device, and 10 is a temperature sensor. The heat and water vapor guard 8 is stored in the opening of the measurement table 11.

  In order to reduce the measurement error, the position of the measurement unit on the measurement table must be adjustable, and the surface of the test piece installed on the measurement unit must be flush with the measurement table. For example, in the case of a thin sample of about 5 mm or less, it is preferable to collect and test at least three test pieces from each sample. Before performing the test, the test piece is preferably conditioned under a suitable temperature and humidity for a minimum of 12 hours. The specimen should completely cover the measurement part and the heat guard. Further, for example, heat loss from the wiring to the measuring unit or its temperature measuring device should be minimized by, for example, placing as many wirings as possible along the inner surface of the heat and water vapor guard 8.

The heat and water vapor guard 8 having a temperature control function is made of a material having high thermal conductivity such as metal, and incorporates an electric heating means. The purpose is to prevent heat leakage from the side and bottom surfaces of the measurement unit 7. The width b of the heat and water vapor guard guard should be 15 mm or more. The level difference between the upper surface of the heat guard and the surface of the metal plate of the measuring part must not exceed 1.5 mm. The temperature T _S of the heat guard measured by the temperature sensor 10 is kept constant by the temperature control device 9 with a temperature Tm of the measuring unit and an accuracy of ± 0.1K.

The apparatus equipped with these measuring unit 7 and heat and water vapor guard 8 may be installed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber having necessary environmental conditions and used for the test as it is, but the air blowing condition to these devices is kept constant. In order to reduce the measurement error, it is preferable to incorporate a measurement unit and a thermal guard in the test wind tunnel. The environmental temperature and humidity in the wind tunnel must be controlled. The conditioned air is blown and flows in parallel across the measurement unit 7 and the surface of the heat and water vapor guard 8. For this reason, it is desirable to provide a measuring pipe 7 and a blower pipe (not shown) having a surface parallel to the surface of the heat and water vapor guard 8 so as to surround the measurement table 11, but the height of the blow pipe is 50 mm or more. Is preferred. Variation of airflow temperature T _a during the test should not exceed ± 0.1 K. In the case of measurement of thermal resistance and water vapor resistance of 100 m ² · Pa / W or less, an accuracy of ± 0.5 K is sufficient. The variation in relative humidity of the airflow during the test is ± 3% R.D. H. It is desirable not to exceed. The measurement of the airflow may be performed at the center of the uncovered measurement portion 15 mm above the measurement table 11 and at an air temperature of 20 ° C. In wind speed V _a is the average 1 m / s in the measured test at this point, the variation is preferably not exceed ± 0.05 m / s. It is important that the airflow at this point is a turbulent flow having a wind speed variation coefficient represented by S _v / V _a of about 0.05 to 0.1. The change in wind speed should be measured with a device having a time constant of 1 second or less and measured at intervals of 6 seconds over 10 minutes.

  The measurement unit configured in this way, or the measurement unit and the heat and water vapor guard, or the device provided with the test wind tunnel incorporating the measurement unit and the heat and water vapor guard in the test wind tunnel can change the temperature and humidity of the atmosphere. In order to make the measurement easier and to be constant and to reduce the measurement error, it is preferable to incorporate it in a constant temperature and humidity chamber.

By adopting the configuration of the present invention described above, it is possible to easily measure the heat and water vapor resistance in a steady state of materials constituting textiles such as clothes and the like with little error.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

Measurement of Thermal Resistance of Bare Plate A measuring device having the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 was prototyped. A porous metal plate is a square (400 cm ² ) copper plate with a thickness of 3 mm and a side length of 20 cm, and 169 columnar sweat holes with a diameter of 1.2 mm are arranged in a grid at 15 mm intervals, and the surface is It was produced by applying a black body coating with an emissivity of 0.95. The metal block was made of a square (400 cm ² ) aluminum with a length of 20 cm on one side of the surface, and a heater was cast in the lower part. The power consumption of the heater was measured with a heating power meter. A temperature sensor was inserted into the metal block, and the temperature was controlled at 35 ° C. by a temperature control device. In the upper part of the metal block, 12 water injection channels having a width of 9 mm and a depth of 9 mm opened upward were provided vertically and horizontally at intervals of 9 mm. The metal block was provided with a water supply channel for supplying water to the water injection channel. The porous metal plate and the metal block were fixed to each other with bolts and installed horizontally on the measurement table.

  The water injection device for supplying water to the water injection channel has an inner diameter of 18 mm and a height of 120 mm, which is communicated with the water injection channel, a tubular water supply pump, and an inner diameter for supplying water to the water level control water tank from the water supply pump. A 2.5 mm tube (tube) was used. An electrostatic capacity type water level detection sensor is attached to the water level control water tank so that the water supply pump can be controlled on and off. However, in the measurement of thermal resistance, water supply and water injection were not performed.

The measurement unit was surrounded by a 50 mm wide heat and water vapor guard having the same configuration as the measurement unit, and was placed horizontally on the measurement table.
A 5 cm high, 35 cm wide, and 50 cm long cover is provided above the measurement unit and the heat and water vapor guard installed on the measurement table, and air is blown from one of the side surfaces by a rotating cylindrical blower. A wind tunnel having a structure in which a wind speed sensor is attached to the upper center of the cover is provided, and the wind speed is controlled to 1 m / s.

  A wind tunnel incorporating this measuring section and heat and water vapor guard was installed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 65% RH. However, the control system and the water supply pump were installed outside the thermostatic chamber.

When the temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and heating power reached a steady state, they were measured, and the thermal resistance of the bare plate was calculated to be 0.0855 m ² · K / W.

Measurement of Water Vapor Resistance of Bare Plate In Example 1, (1) a cellophane film having a thickness of 0.01 mm wetted with distilled water on the porous metal plate of the measurement part and the porous metal plate of the heat and water vapor guard (2) The water level in the perspiration hole of the porous metal plate and the water level in the water level control water tank were adjusted so that they were on the same horizontal plane. The measurement was performed with the same apparatus and conditions as in the example except for the above. It was 0.0065 m < ² > * Pa / W when the water vapor resistance of the bare board was computed from the measurement result.

Measurement of thermal resistance of sample Using a yellow aramid plain fabric (trade name: Nomex IIIA aramid) having a water-repellent antifouling finish of 30 cm × 30 cm and a basis weight of 204 g / m ² as a sample, the measurement part, heat and water vapor are measured with one sample. The measurement was performed with the same apparatus and conditions as in Example 1 except that the surface of the porous metal plate of the guard was covered. The total thermal resistance produced from the measurement result was 0.1093 m ² · K / W. When the thermal resistance of the sample was calculated by subtracting the thermal resistance of the bare plate from this value, it was 0.0238 m ² · K / W.
When four samples were used, the thermal resistance was 0.0811 m ² · K / W.

Measurement of water vapor resistance of sample Using a yellow aramid plain fabric (trade name: Nomex IIIA aramid) having a water repellent and antifouling finish of 30 cm × 30 cm and a basis weight of 204 g / m ² as a sample, the measurement part, heat and water vapor are measured with one sample. The measurement was performed with the same apparatus and conditions as in Example 2 except that the surface of the cellophane film covering the surface of the porous metal plate of the guard was further covered. The total water vapor resistance produced from the measurement result was 0.0141 m ² · Pa / W. When the thermal resistance of the sample was calculated by subtracting the thermal resistance of the bare plate from this value, it was 0.0076 m ² · Pa / W.
When four samples were used, the water vapor resistance was 0.0181 m ² · K / W.

The conceptual diagram which shows an example of the apparatus of this invention. The conceptual diagram which shows an example of a water injection channel. Schematic which shows an example of the apparatus of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: Porous metal plate 2: Temperature sensor 3: Temperature control device 4: Heating power measurement device 5: Water injection device 6: Metal block 7: Measuring unit 8: Side heat and water vapor guard 9: Temperature control device 10: Temperature sensor 11 : Measurement table 12: Water injection path 13: Heating means 14: Water supply device 15: Water level control water tank 16: Water supply source 17: Communication pipe 18: Water level detection sensor 19: Pipe 20: Bottom heat guard

Claims (8)

  A porous metal plate provided with a horizontal measuring unit, a metal block having a water injection channel opened upward, fixed in contact with the lower surface of the porous metal plate, and having heating means built therein, and the temperature of the metal block A control device, a metal block heating power measuring device, and a water injection device for supplying water to the water injection channel, the water injection device for supplying water to the water level control water tank communicated with the water injection channel, and the water level control water tank And a water and water resistance measuring apparatus.   A horizontally provided porous metal plate, a metal block having a water injection channel opened upward, fixed in contact with the lower surface of the porous metal plate, and including a heating means; and a temperature control device for the metal block; A water supply device for supplying water to the water level control water tank, comprising a metal block heating power measuring device and a water injection device for supplying water to the water injection channel, the water injection device communicating with the water injection channel The heat and water vapor resistance measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a heat and water vapor guard comprising:   The heat and water vapor resistance measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water level control water tank is in a position in a horizontal relationship with the water injection channel.   4. The heat and water vapor resistance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a water level detection sensor is provided in the water level control water tank.   5. The heat and water vapor resistance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the water level control water tank is provided to be inclined.   6. The heat and water vapor resistance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a measuring unit or a measuring unit and a heat and water vapor guard are incorporated in the test wind tunnel.   2. A measuring unit, a measuring unit and a heat and water vapor guard in a constant temperature and humidity chamber, or a test wind tunnel incorporating a measuring unit and a heat and water vapor guard in a test wind tunnel are provided. The heat and water vapor resistance measuring device according to any one of -6.   The heat and water vapor resistance measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for measuring heat and water vapor resistance in a steady state of a textile product.