JP3120004B2 - Method and apparatus for forming metal profile by forging - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for forming a metal profile by forging.

[0002] The present invention is used for rough molding or intermediate molding of metal profiles such as steel, aluminum alloys, copper alloys and other metal materials, such as H-profiles and rails.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the rough rolling of a metal section, for example, a section steel, a section having a horizontal roll pair having a plurality of calipers is rolled from a material having a rectangular cross section by reverse rolling in a plurality of passes using a single rolling mill. The length of the long side (web height) is reduced, the length of the short side (flange width) is widened, and the thickness (web thickness) of the central portion on the short side is reduced.

[0004] As a method for producing a metal rough piece by forging,
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-1236 discloses a method in which a material having a rectangular cross section is simultaneously reduced in vertical and horizontal directions. By this processing, it is possible to obtain a coarse shaped steel piece having a larger flange width depending on the material thickness. Also, as disclosed in the 118th Iron and Steel Institute of Japan Conference Vol. 2 (1989), p. 1571, the long side of the rectangular cross section material is restrained by upper and lower anvils, and the shorter side is left and right anvils. A forging method for manufacturing a flange width larger than the material thickness by rolling down to a predetermined dimension is disclosed.

Further, as a method of reducing the width of a slab when manufacturing a hot-rolled sheet, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-52104 discloses a method in which the short side of the slab is processed by simultaneously pressing and feeding the left and right dies by using left and right dies. How to do is shown. Also, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 60-127002 discloses a method of reducing the slab short side by using left and right dies.

[0006]

In order to roughly form a large number of web heights and flange widths according to various product sizes by a conventional method of rough rolling of a shaped steel, generally, a long side length is used as a material cross section. 10 or more, and the number of rolling passes for rough molding is also required to be around 20, which is not efficient in terms of material concentration and rolling efficiency. As a method for producing a crude steel slab by forging, a method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-1236,
When the web height and web thickness are set to predetermined dimensions, the flange width is limited to a substantially constant value, and it is difficult to manufacture various flange widths of rough shaped steel slabs corresponding to various product sizes in a size-free manner. is there. Similarly, when the web height is reduced to a predetermined size by forging according to the method disclosed in the 118th Iron and Steel Institute of Japan Conference Vol. 2 (1989), p. It is difficult to produce the size free. Further, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication
-52104 or JP-A-60-127002
As described in the publication, the width reduction of the hot-rolled sheet and the material feed were simultaneously applied by forging, or the reduction in the width direction was applied by rolling to reduce the hot-rolled sheet to a predetermined slab width dimension. In this case, the widened (called dog bone) shape has a substantially constant size.

That is, in the conventional rough rolling method of a shaped steel, the rough processing of a shaped steel by forging, or the slab width reduction method of a hot-rolled sheet, a web height and a flange width in a rough shaping process from a material having a rectangular cross section. It is difficult to efficiently produce a size-free product in a few passes or less.

According to the present invention, it is possible to form a large H-shaped member or a rail having a large flange width for a predetermined web thickness and web height in one to several passes, or to adjust the flange width. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for forming a metal profile by forging, which can process a metal profile having a large size in a size-free manner.

[0009]

The method of forming a metal profile by forging according to the present invention is directed to a method of forming a square (square or rectangular) cross-section material while feeding the material along a pass line while forming a vertically opposed die and a left and right opposed die. In the method of forming a metal profile consisting of a web and a flange by forging by rolling down the material with left and right dies, the upper and lower dies are periodically cycled so as to draw a constant closed curve in a vertical plane parallel to the pass line. driven in with the left and right die so as to draw a predetermined closed curve in the horizontal plane cyclically driven, material and after forging
Based on the shape and dimensions of the metal profile, the web thickness is adjusted by the reduction rate of the upper and lower dies, the web height is adjusted by the reduction rate of the left and right dies, and the flange width is reduced by the reduction rates of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies and the upper and lower dies. And the speed in the pass line direction of the left and right dies and the speed in the pass line direction of the dice are adjusted.

The closed curves drawn by the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies include motion components in the rolling direction and the material feeding direction, respectively. The shapes of these closed curves are determined in consideration of the rolling reduction, feed amount, and die driving cycle in one cycle of die driving.
Determined theoretically or by experiment. The rolling reduction of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies is determined by the shape and dimensions of the raw material and the metal profile after forging. The driving cycle of the upper and lower dies and the driving cycle of the left and right dies may be the same or may be different.

In order to adjust the speed difference between the speed of the upper and lower dies in the direction of the pass line (material feed speed) and the speed of the left and right dies in the direction of the pass line (material feed speed), the upper and lower dies drive cycle and the left and right dies drive cycle are adjusted. Are equal, the feed amount per one cycle of the die driving (hereinafter referred to as feed displacement amplitude) is adjusted independently of each other. If the feed displacement amplitudes are equal,
The driving cycle of the upper and lower dies and the driving cycle of the left and right dies are adjusted independently of each other.

When a material is formed in a plurality of passes, a closed curve drawn by upper and lower dies and left and right dies is set for each pass. At this time, the driving cycle of the upper and lower dies and the driving cycle of the left and right dies are set as necessary.

According to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for forging and shaping a metal profile, comprising: an upper and lower opposing die and an opposing left and right die; A die driving device that drives the upper and lower dies so as to draw a constant closed curve in a horizontal plane while driving the upper and lower dies so as to draw a constant closed curve with the speed of the pass line direction of the upper and lower dies and the pass line direction of the left and right dies And a dice speed adjusting device capable of adjusting the speed of each die independently.

In the die driving device, an electric motor, a hydraulic or pneumatic actuator is used as a driving source. An eccentric shaft, an eccentric cam, an eccentric ring, a combination of a link mechanism and the like are used as a device for driving the die so as to draw a constant closed curve.

In order to adjust the difference (relative speed) between the material feed speeds of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies, as a die speed adjusting device, a reduction ratio adjusting device of a speed reducer provided in a die driving device for the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies. A cam shape switching mechanism of the eccentric cam, an eccentricity adjusting mechanism of the eccentric shaft or the eccentric ring, a link length adjusting mechanism, a rotational speed adjusting device of a die driving motor provided independently for the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies, etc. are used. .

The forging device is provided with a housing, upper and lower dies feeding guide means attached to the housing and extending in the direction of the pass line, an upper and lower die feeding block movable by being guided by the upper and lower die feeding guide means, An upper and lower die lowering block fitted to the feed block guide means so as to be able to move up and down, an upper and lower die mounted on the upper and lower die lowering block, a left and right die feeding guide means extending in the pass line direction mounted on the housing; A left and right dice feed block movable by being guided by the dice feed guide means, a left and right dice pressure down block fitted to the left and right dice feed block guide means so as to be movable left and right, and a left and right dice attached to the left and right dice pressure down block. Connected to the upper and lower die feed block,
Move the die feed block back and forth along the direction of the pass line.
The upper and lower die feed eccentric mechanism is connected to the upper and lower die lowering block, and the upper and lower die lowering block is moved up and down.
The upper and lower die lowering eccentric mechanism is connected to the left and right die feed block.
Right and left die feed eccentric mechanism to advance and retreat along the
Connected to the left and right die reduction blocks,
It may be constituted by a die reduction eccentric mechanism for moving the lock left and right, and a die driving device for driving the vertical die feeding eccentric mechanism, the vertical die reduction eccentric mechanism, the left and right die feeding eccentric mechanism, and the left and right die reduction eccentric mechanism. .

A guide plate, a guide groove, a guide hole, and the like are used as guide means for the die feeding block and the die pressing block.

Further, the above-mentioned die driving device is provided with a motor,
An upper and lower die drive transmission device that connects a motor and the upper and lower die feeding eccentric mechanism and the upper and lower die lowering eccentric mechanism,
The motor and the left and right dice feed eccentric mechanism and the left and right die lowering eccentric mechanism may be constituted by a left and right die drive transmission device connected thereto.

As the die drive transmission device, a gear transmission mechanism, a belt transmission mechanism, a chain transmission mechanism and the like are used.

[0020]

According to the present invention, the material having a rectangular cross section is forged from the vertical and horizontal directions by the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies, and formed into a metal shape having a required shape. The material is forged simultaneously and continuously from the vertical and horizontal directions by the movement of the die, and is continuously and periodically fed in the longitudinal direction of the material by the movement of the die in the feed direction. At that time, the web height is adjusted by adjusting the gap between the left and right dies, and the web thickness is adjusted by adjusting the gap between the upper and lower dies. Further, the flange width is adjusted by adjusting the gap between the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies and adjusting the difference (relative speed) between the material feeding speeds of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies.

Due to the reduction of the left and right dies, the material of the flange portion extends vertically along the gap between the left and right dies and the upper and lower dies. The flange extends vertically by the reduction of the upper and lower dies, but is smaller than the extension by the right and left dies.

When the material feeding speed of the upper and lower dies is higher than the material feeding speed of the left and right dies, the stress in the material advancing direction acting on the flange on the tension side is larger than when the material feeding speeds of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies are equal. Increases and the flange width decreases. Conversely, when the material feed speed of the upper and lower dies is smaller than the material feed speed of the left and right dies, the stress in the material advancing direction acting on the flange increases to the compression side compared to when the material feed speeds of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies are equal. Thus, the flange width increases. Thus, even when the reduction rate of the left and right dies is constant, that is, the web height is constant, and the reduction rate of the upper and lower dies is constant, that is, the web thickness is constant, the relative speed of the material feeding between the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies is determined. The adjustment adjusts the flange width.

As a result, in one to several passes, for a given web thickness and web height, rough shaping of a large H-shape having a large flange width or a metal profile having a large flange width adjustment range is performed. It can be processed freely.

[0024]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An example in which the metal profile is an H-shaped billet will be described.
An embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of a section steel forging apparatus for carrying out the molding method of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view of the forging apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a side view.

The section steel forging apparatus mainly includes a housing 1
0, a die holding device 20, a die 40, and a die driving device 50.

The housing 10 has a box shape as a whole. That is, the housing 10 is provided with the columns 12 at the four corners of the frame 11 having a rectangular frame shape. The four pillars 12 have a top frame 14 attached to the top thereof, and an upper intermediate frame 15 and a lower intermediate frame 16 attached to each other at an interval above and below.

The die holding device 20 includes an upper die holding device 21, a lower die holding device, a left die holding device 31, and a right die holding device. The lower die holding device is configured and operates similarly to the upper die holding device 21. In addition, the right die holding device is configured and operates similarly to the left die holding device 31. Therefore, hereinafter, the upper die holding device 21 will be described, and the lower die holding device will be denoted by the same reference numeral as the upper die holding device 21 in the drawings, and the description thereof will be omitted. Similarly, the left dice holding device 31 will be described, and the right dice holding device will be denoted by the same reference numeral as the left dice holding device 31 in the drawings, and description thereof will be omitted.

The upper die holding device 21 is supported on the upper surface of the upper intermediate frame 15, and the lower die holding device 21 is supported on the upper surface of the lower intermediate frame 16. The left die holding device 31 and the right die holding device 31 are supported by the support beams 17 on the upper intermediate frame 15 and the lower intermediate frame 16, respectively.

In the upper die holding device 21, the upper die feed guide plate 22 extends horizontally along the direction of the pass line P (see FIG. 6). Has become. The guide groove 24 of the upper die feed block 23 is fitted to the upper die feed guide plate 22, and the upper die feed block 23 can move forward and backward along the direction of the pass line P. Upper die feed block 23
, An upper die feeding eccentric mechanism 91 described later is connected via an upper die feeding arm 93. A cylindrical upper die lowering block 26 is fitted in a guide hole 25 provided in the upper die feed block 23 so as to be vertically movable. An upper die holding member 28 is attached to a front end (lower end) of the upper die lowering block 26, and an upper die lowering eccentric mechanism 95 described later is connected to the rear end via an upper die lowering arm 97. An upper die 41 is detachably attached to a lower end of the upper die holding member 28.

A left die feed guide plate 32 is provided on the lower surface of the upper intermediate frame 15 and the upper surface of the support frame 17, respectively.
Has been fixed. The left die feed guide plates 32 extend horizontally in the direction of the pass line P, and are opposed to each other on both sides of the pass line P to form a pair. The groove 34 of the left die feed block 33 is fitted to the left die feed guide plate 32, and the left die feed block 33 can move forward and backward along the direction of the pass line P. The left die feed block 33 includes a left die feed eccentric described later.
The mechanism 137 is connected. Left die feed block 3
A cylindrical left die lowering block 36 is fitted in the guide hole 35 provided in the base 3 so as to be able to advance and retreat in a direction perpendicular to the pass line P. A left die holding member 38 is attached to a front end (right end) of the left die pressing block 36, and a left die pressing eccentric mechanism 141 described later is connected to a rear end via a left die pressing arm 143. A left die 45 is detachably attached to the tip of the left die holding member 38.

FIGS. 3 to 5 show a die 40 used for shaping an H-section steel. The die 40 includes an upper die, a lower die, a left die, and a right die.
The work surface 42 of the upper and lower dies 41 is high at the center in the die width direction, and is inclined so as to reduce the die gap in the material advancing direction. Left and right dice 45
The working surface 46 is flat and is beveled so as to reduce the die gap in the direction of material movement.
The working surfaces 46 of the left and right dies 45 extend longer toward the material entrance side (upstream side) than the working surfaces 42 of the upper and lower dies 41. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the caliber formed by the die 40 is rectangular in the first half and H-shaped in the second half.
As the material progresses, the rolling reduction increases, and the shape is first formed into a rectangular cross section only by the left and right dies 45, and is formed into an H shape by both the upper and lower dies 41 and the left and right dies 46 during the forming. Although the cross section of the caliber formed by the dice is H-shaped in this embodiment, the caliber has a shape corresponding to the shape and dimensions of the product. According to the method of the present invention, web height, web thickness and flange width can be roughly molded in a size-free manner.However, after rough molding with a forging molding device, in order to produce a predetermined product shape by rolling at a subsequent stage, In addition, it is necessary to secure a predetermined flange thickness in the rough molding. Therefore, upper and lower dies having widths of various sizes are required. To cope with such a case, the width of the upper and lower dies, that is, the dimension b of the upper and lower dies 41 in FIG. 4 may be changed for each range of the web height.

The die driving device 50 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 6. In the die driving device 50, the devices and members of the lower die feeding device and the lower die pressing device are the same as those of the upper die. Therefore, the lower die feeder and lower die lowering device
The members are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the upper die, and description thereof is omitted. Similarly, description of the right die feeding device and the right die pressing device is omitted.

A motor 51 with a continuously variable transmission is fixed to the gantry 11 of the housing 10. The upper and lower dies driving belt wheel 61 and the left and right dies driving miter gear 101
It is attached to the output shaft 52 of the motor 51. on the other hand,
An upper and lower die driving shaft 62 is mounted on the support 12 of the housing 10 via a bearing 63 in parallel with the motor output shaft 52. Further, the left and right die driving shafts 102 are connected to the support columns 12 of the housing 10 through
2 is mounted at right angles. Vertical die drive shaft 62
Upper and lower dies driven belt wheel 65, upper dies driving gear 6
7 and a lower die driving belt wheel 68 are attached. A timing belt 66 is suspended between the upper and lower die driving belt wheels 61 and the upper and lower die driven belt wheels 65.

The die driving device 50 includes a vertical die driving device 60 and a left and right die driving device 100.
First, the upper and lower die driving device 60 will be described.

An upper die driving shaft 70 is mounted on the column 12 of the housing 10 via a bearing 71 in parallel with the motor output shaft 52. Upper die driven gear 73 and upper die driving belt wheel 74 meshing with upper die driving gear 67
Are fixed to the upper die driving shaft 70. An upper die driven shaft 76 is attached to the top frame 14 of the housing 10 via a bearing 77. An upper die driven belt wheel 78 and an upper die feed driving belt wheel 80 are fixed to an upper die driven shaft 76.

A timing belt 79 is suspended between the upper die driving belt wheel 74 and the upper die driven belt wheel 78. An upper die intermediate shaft 82 is attached to the top frame 14 of the housing 10 via a bearing 83. The upper die feed driven belt wheel 8 is mounted on the upper die intermediate shaft 82.
4 and the upper die feed driving miter gear 86 are fixed. A timing belt 85 is suspended between the upper die feeding driving belt wheel 80 and the upper die feeding driven belt wheel 84. Upper die feed drive shaft 88 is housing 1
0 is vertically supported via a bearing 89. An upper die feed driven miter gear 90 and an upper die feed eccentric mechanism 91 are provided on the upper die feed drive shaft 88. The upper die feeding eccentric mechanism 91 has an eccentric cam (not shown). The shape of the eccentric cam is set to an exponential curve so that when the material is processed by rolling down and feeding, the feeding speed is higher on the outlet side than on the die inlet side. As a result, as in the case of the rolling process, the difference between the die speed and the material speed in the material feeding direction in the material contact region with the die is reduced, and the frictional force is reduced by reducing slip, thereby enabling smooth processing. . The upper die feed driven miter gear 90 meshes with the upper die feed driving miter gear 86. An upper die feed arm 93 is connected to the upper die feed eccentric mechanism 91. The upper die feed arm 93 is connected to the upper die feed block 23 (see FIG. 7).

The upper die lowering eccentric mechanism 95 is fixed to the upper die driven shaft 76. Upper die lowering eccentric mechanism 95
Has an eccentric ring (not shown). An upper die lowering arm 97 is connected to the upper die lowering eccentric mechanism 95, and the lower end of the upper die lowering arm 97 is connected to the upper die lowering block 26.

The upper die driven shaft 7 on the upper die 41 side
A lower die driven shaft 76 similar to 6 is attached to the gantry 11 via a bearing 77. Lower die driven belt wheel 78
Are attached to the lower die driven shaft 76. Lower die driving belt wheel 6 fixed to the upper and lower die driving shafts 62
A timing belt 79 is suspended between the lower die 8 and the lower die driven belt wheel 78.

Next, the left and right die driving device 100 will be described.

A left and right dice driven miter gear 104 is mounted on an upper end of the left and right dice driving shaft 102 supported on a support 12 of the housing 10 through a bearing 103, and a left and right dice driving belt wheel 105 is mounted on a lower end. The left and right dice driven miter gears 104 mesh with the left and right dice driving miter gears 101. A left and right die driven shaft 107 is attached to the column 12 of the housing 10 in parallel with the left and right die driving shaft 102 via a bearing (not shown). A left and right dice driven belt wheel 110 is fixed to the lower end of the left and right dice driven shaft 107, and a left dice driving gear 112 is fixed to the upper end. A timing belt 111 is suspended between the left and right dice driving belt wheels 105 and the left and right dice driven belt wheels 110.

The left die driving shaft 115 is connected to the housing 10
Are mounted in parallel with the left and right die driving shafts 102 via bearings (not shown). A left die driven gear 118 is fixed to the upper end of the left die driving shaft 115, and a left die driving belt wheel 119 is fixed to the lower end. The left die driven gear 118 meshes with the left die driving gear 112. Left die driven shaft 121
Are mounted on the support 12 of the housing 10 via bearings 122 in parallel with the left and right die driving shafts 102. The left die driven belt wheel 1 is attached to the lower end of the left die driven shaft 121.
Reference numeral 23 denotes a left die feed driving belt wheel 125 attached to an intermediate portion. Also, the left die intermediate shaft 12
6 is attached to the column 12 of the housing 10 via a bearing 127 in parallel with the left and right die driving shafts 102.

A left die feed driven driven belt wheel 128 and a left die feed driving miter gear 13 are mounted on a left die intermediate shaft 126.
0 is fixed. Left die feed drive belt wheel 125
A timing belt 129 is suspended between and the left die feed driven driven belt wheel 128. The left die feed drive shaft 132 is vertically supported by the housing 10 via a bearing (not shown). A left die feed driven miter gear 135 and a left die feed eccentric mechanism 137 are provided on the left die feed drive shaft 132. The left die feed eccentric mechanism 137 has an eccentric cam (not shown). Similarly to the upper die feeding eccentric mechanism 91, the shape of the eccentric cam is set to an exponential curve so as to enable smooth machining. The left die feed driven miter gear 135 meshes with the left die driving miter gear 130. Left die feed eccentric mechanism 13
7, a left die feed arm 139 is connected to the left die feed arm 139.
3 are connected.

The left die driven eccentricity mechanism 141 is attached to the upper end of the left die driven shaft 121. The left die lowering eccentric mechanism 141 includes an eccentric ring (not shown). A left die lowering arm 143 is connected to the left die lowering eccentric mechanism 141.
The left die lowering block 36 is connected to the tip of 43.

A right die driving belt wheel 113 is fixed to an intermediate portion of the left and right dice driven shafts 107.
The right die driven belt wheel 123 is driven by the right die driven shaft 121.
Attached to. Right Dice Drive Belt Wheel 11
A timing belt 124 is stretched between the third driven wheel 3 and the right driven wheel 123.

A method of forging and roughly forming an H-section steel by the section steel forging apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.

The upper and lower dies 41 are formed based on the dimensions of the material 1 having a rectangular cross section and the dimensions of the product (H-section steel) 3 to be formed.
And the feed displacement amplitude of the left and right dies 46, the die drive 1
The rolling amount per cycle and the die driving cycle are set in advance. The feed displacement amplitude is adjusted by the shape of the eccentric cams of the vertical and horizontal die feed eccentric mechanisms 91 and 137.
A plurality of eccentric cams are prepared in advance, and an appropriate eccentric cam is selected according to the amplitude of the feed displacement. The amount of reduction per one cycle of the die driving is determined by the vertical and horizontal die reduction eccentric mechanism 9.
Adjustment is made according to the amount of eccentricity of the eccentric rings 5 and 141. The die driving cycle is adjusted by the gear ratio of the die driving device 50 or the reduction ratio of the belt transmission. In this embodiment, the shape of the eccentric cam of the vertical die feed eccentric mechanism 91 and the shape of the eccentric cam of the right and left die feed eccentric mechanism 137 are appropriately selected, and the feed speed of the upper and lower dies 41 and the feed speed of the left and right dies 45 are selected. The speed difference between is adjusted.

When the motor 51 is driven, the upper and lower dies drive belt wheel 61 and the driven belt wheel 65, the upper die drive gear 67 and the driven gear 73, and the upper die drive belt wheel 74 and the driven belt wheel 78 The die driven shaft 76 rotates. The rotation of the upper die driven shaft 76 drives the upper die feed eccentric mechanism 91 via the upper die feed drive belt wheel 74 and the driven belt wheel 78, and the upper die feed drive miter gear 86 and the driven miter gear 90. . By driving the upper die feed eccentric mechanism 91, the upper die 41 reciprocates in the feed direction. Also,
The upper die lowering eccentric mechanism 95 is driven, and the upper die 41 moves up and down. Due to the reciprocating movement and the vertical movement of the upper die 41 in the feed direction, the upper die 41 moves so as to draw a closed curve. On the other hand, the lower die driven shaft 76 is rotationally driven via the lower die driving belt wheel 68 and the driven belt wheel 78. Thus, similarly to the upper die 41, the lower die 45 reciprocates in the die feeding direction, moves up and down, and moves so as to draw the same closed curve as the upper die 41.

By driving the motor 51, the left and right dice driving miter gear 101 and the driven miter gear 104, the left and right dice driving belt wheel 105 and the driven belt wheel 110
The right and left dice driven shafts 107 rotate through the shaft. And
Similarly to the upper and lower dies 41, the left and right dies 45 move so as to draw a closed curve. The upper and lower dies 41 and the left and right dies 45 are driven by a single motor 51,
Since the dies are driven by the zero and left and right die driving devices 100, all the dies 41 and 45 move in synchronization to draw a predetermined closed curve.

The caliber formed by the upper and lower dies 41 and the left and right dies 45 that move is provided with a material 1 having a rectangular cross section.
Is supplied by the roller table 145. The material 1 is repeatedly reduced while being sent by the upper and lower dies 41 and the left and right dies 45, and is shaped into an H shape.

When the molding is performed in two or more passes, the material 3 formed into the H shape and having passed through the caliber is retracted by the roller table 145. Further, the feed amount and the reduction amount of the upper and lower dies 41 and the left and right dies 45 are reset. And
The material 3 formed into the H shape in the previous pass is fed into the caliber formed by the upper and lower dies 41 and the left and right dies 45 by the roller table 145 and forged.

An example of a forging process in a section steel rough forming process using the section steel forging apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described.

Table 1 shows the forging conditions. Inlet material temperature 11
At 00 ° C, width 1200mm x thickness 250mm x length 1000
110mm web thickness in 2 passes from 0mm hot steel
The web height was reduced to 650 to 865 mm, and the web was processed to a predetermined web thickness, web height, and flange width. The rolling amplitude is ± 33mm for upper and lower dies, ± 16.5mm for left and right dies.
It is. The feed displacement amplitude is ± 16.5 to 49.5 mm for both the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies. The frequency of displacement of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies during forging is 1.63 Hz.

[0054]

[Table 1]

FIG. 8 shows the rolling amplitude ± 3 of the upper and lower dies of the embodiment.
The trajectory of the two-dimensional displacement of the upper and lower dies when the feed displacement amplitude is 3 mm and the feed displacement amplitude is ± 16.5 mm is shown. The trajectory of the displacement of the left and right dies is the same except that the rolling displacement is １ ／ of that of the upper and lower dies. The angle in the figure is the rotation angle of the eccentric shaft.

FIG. 9 shows the rolling amplitude ± 3 of the upper and lower dies of the embodiment.
The trajectory of the two-dimensional displacement of the upper and lower dies when the feed displacement amplitude is 3 mm and the feed displacement amplitude is ± 49.5 mm is shown. The trajectory of the displacement of the left and right dies is the same except that the rolling displacement is １ ／ of that of the upper and lower dies. The angle in the figure is the rotation angle of the eccentric shaft.

In each case, three types of upper and lower dies having different widths were used in order to grasp the effect of the present invention.

The number of passes required for rough molding is one to several passes. In the case of one pass, modeling is possible, but the forging load is large and large-scale forging equipment is required. Also,
If the number of passes is three or more, the load is small and processing can be performed with a small-scale forging facility, but the production efficiency decreases.
Therefore, in this embodiment, an example in which a predetermined shape is formed in two passes with appropriate production efficiency and equipment scale will be described below.

In any of the upper and lower dies, the web thickness reduction rate was 25% in the first pass, 42% in the second pass, and the total reduction rate was 57%. The rolling reduction and the total rolling reduction were set to the following three conditions according to the width of the die.

(1) When upper and lower dies having a width b = 364 mm (width b of the upper and lower dies in FIG. 4) are used, the web height reduction ratio is 21% in the first pass, 31% in the second pass, and The rolling reduction is 46%.

(2) When using upper and lower dies having a width b = 466 mm, the web height reduction rate is 18% in the first pass, and
The pass is 23% and the total reduction is 37%.

(3) When upper and lower dies having a width b = 586 mm are used, the web height reduction rate is 13% in the first pass, and
The pass is 17% and the total reduction is 27%.

In addition, as for the upper and lower dies having the above three widths, one type of the left and right dies was the same. The feed displacement amplitude of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies is ± 16.5 mm in the first pass with respect to the three types of upper and lower dies and one type of left and right dies. In the second pass, ± 16.5-
By adjusting the feed displacement amplitude of the upper and lower dies and the right and left dies within a range of 49.5 mm, the stress acting between the web pressed by the upper and lower dies and the flange pressed by the right and left dies is adjusted, whereby the flange is adjusted. Width controlled.

FIG. 10 shows upper and lower dies and a flat caliber (caliberless) having a convex caliber with a width b = 364 mm.
3 shows a material cross-sectional shape when forged using left and right dies having.

FIG. 10A shows a cross-sectional shape of the material. The material width B ₀ is 1200 mm and the material height H ₀ is 250 mm. In FIG. 10B, the feed speed of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies are equal, the feed displacement amplitude is ± 16.5 mm, and the web height B
_This shows the material cross-sectional shape on the exit side of the first pass when forged to _w1 940 mm. The flange width B _f1 is 290 mm and the web thickness t _w1 is 190 mm. In FIG. 10 (c), using the material of the cross section of FIG. 10 (b) on the exit side of the first pass as a material, the feed speed of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies is made equal, the feed displacement amplitude is ± 16.5 mm, and the web height B _{w2 This} is the material cross-sectional shape on the exit side of the second pass when forged to 650 mm. The flange width B _f2 is 360 mm and the web thickness t _w2 is 110 mm
It is. In FIG. 10D, the feed speed of the upper and lower dies is made larger than the feed speed of the left and right dies by using the material of the cross section of FIG. ± 49.5 mm, as ± 16.5 mm, showing a second path outlet side of the material cross section in the case of forging the web height B _w2 650 mm. Flange width B _f2 is 320 m
m and the web thickness t _w2 is 120 mm. FIG.
10E, the feed speed of the upper and lower dies is smaller than the feed speed of the left and right dies, and the feed displacement amplitude of each of the upper and lower dies and the right and left dies is ± 16. 5mm, ± 49.5mm, web height B
_This shows the material cross-sectional shape on the exit side of the second pass when forged to _w2 650 mm. The flange width B _f2 is 420 mm and the web thickness t _w2 is 110 mm. It can be seen that the outlet flange width _Bf2 is changed by reducing the feed speed while making the feed speed of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies different.

FIG. 11 shows that the width b = 364 mm, 466 mm, 5
Using upper and lower dies with 86 mm convex calipers and left and right dies with flat calipers (calibreless), 12
The material of 00 × 250 × 10,000 is used for (1) ~
At a reduction rate conditions (3), equal to the feeding speed of the upper and lower dies and lateral die, in the case of forged feed displacement amplitude a ₁ of the upper and lower dies, the left and right die feed displacement amplitude a ₂ as ± 16.5 mm No. The relationship between the web height B _w1 and the flange width B _f1 on the one-pass exit side is shown.

(1) When upper and lower dies having a width b of 364 mm are used, the feed speed of the upper and lower dies is equal to the feed speed of the left and right dies, and the feed displacement amplitude is ± 16.5 mm, the web thickness on the exit side of the first pass is 200 mm, and Height is 944mm, flange width is 2
84 mm. (2) Using upper and lower dies having a width of b = 466 mm, the feed speeds of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies are equal, and the feed displacement amplitude is ± 1.
In the case of 6.5 mm, the web thickness on the exit side of the first pass is 200 m
m, web height is 977 mm, flange width is 277 mm. (3) Using upper and lower dies having a width of b = 586 mm, the feed speeds of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies are equal, and the feed displacement amplitude is ± 1.
In the case of 6.5 mm, the web thickness on the exit side of the first pass is 200 m
m, web height is 1042 mm and flange width is 270 mm.

FIG. 12 shows that the width b = 364 mm, 466 mm, 5
The relationship between the web height B _w2 and the flange width B _f2 on the exit side of the second pass when forging is performed using upper and lower dies having a convex caliber of 86 mm and left and right dies having a flat caliber (caliberless) is shown.

(1) When upper and lower dies having a width b = 364 mm are used, when the feed speed of the upper and lower dies is equal to the feed speed of the left and right dies and the feed displacement amplitude is ± 16.5 mm (shown by a broken line in FIG. 12), the second pass Side web thickness is 110mm, web height is 65
0 mm and the flange width is 360 mm. The feed speed of the upper and lower dies is higher than the feed speed of the left and right dies, and the amplitude of each feed displacement is ± 49.5 mm and ± 16.5.
In the case of mm (shown by the dashed line in FIG. 12), the web height on the exit side of the second pass is 650 mm. The stress in the material movement direction acting on the flange increases toward the tension side and the flange width decreases to 320 mm as compared with the case where the feed speed of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies is remarkable. When the feed speed of the upper and lower dies is lower than the feed speed of the right and left dies, and the feed amplitude of the upper and lower dies and the feed displacement amplitude of the right and left dies are ± 16.5 mm and ± 49.5 mm (shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 12), The height of the web on the exit side of 2 passes is 640
mm. The stress in the material advancing direction acting on the flange increases to the compression side and the flange width increases to 420 mm as compared with the case where the feed speed of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies is equal.

(2) When upper and lower dies having a width b = 466 mm are used, when the feed speed of the upper and lower dies is equal to the feed speed of the left and right dies and the feed displacement amplitude is ± 16.5 mm (shown by a broken line in FIG. 12), the second pass Side web thickness is 110mm, web height is 74
5 mm and the flange width is 330 mm. When the feed speed of the upper and lower dies is higher than the feed speed of the left and right dies, and the feed displacement of the upper and lower dies and the feed displacement amplitude of the left and right dies are ± 49.5 mm and ± 16.5 mm, respectively (FIG. 1).
2 is indicated by a dashed line), and the web height at the exit side of the second pass is 7
50 mm. The stress in the material advancing direction acting on the flange increases toward the tension side and the flange width decreases to 270 mm as compared with the case where the feed speed of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies is remarkable. When the feed speed of the upper and lower dies is lower than the feed speed of the left and right dies, and the feed displacement of the upper and lower dies and the feed displacement amplitude of the left and right dies are ± 16.5 mm and ± 49.5 mm, respectively (FIG. 1).
The height of the web at the exit side of the second pass is 7
40 mm. The stress in the material advancing direction acting on the flange increases toward the compression side and the flange width increases to 390 mm as compared with the case where the feed speed of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies is equal.

(3) When upper and lower dies having a width b = 586 mm are used, when the feed speed of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies is equal and the feed displacement amplitude is ± 16.5 mm (shown by a broken line in FIG. 12), the second pass Side web thickness is 110mm, web height is 86
5 mm, flange width 300 mm. When the feed speed of the upper and lower dies is higher than the feed speed of the left and right dies, and the feed displacement amplitude of the upper and lower dies and the feed displacement amplitude of the left and right dies are ± 49.5 mm and ± 16.5 mm, respectively (shown by a dashed line in FIG. 12). The web height on the exit side of the second pass is 870 mm. The stress in the material movement direction acting on the flange increases to the tension side as compared with the case where the feed speed of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies is equal, and the flange width is 240 mm.
To decrease. When the feed speed of the upper and lower dies is lower than the feed speed of the left and right dies, and the feed displacement amplitude of the upper and lower dies and the feed displacement amplitude of the left and right dies are ± 16.5 mm and ± 49.5 mm, respectively (shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 12). The web height at the exit side of the second pass is 850 mm. The stress in the material movement direction acting on the flange increases to the compression side as compared with the case where the feed speed of the upper and lower dies and that of the left and right dies are equal, and the flange width is 360 mm.
To increase.

As described above, it can be seen that the flange width can be changed by changing the relative value of the feed speed of the upper and lower dies and the feed speed of the left and right dies.

In this embodiment, the amplitude of the feed displacement is ± 16.
5-49.5mm, frequency 1.63Hz, relatively small, so the material feed rate is small, the production efficiency (working material weight per hour) in 2-pass processing is 100ton / h, and the conventional rolling processing For example, if the feed displacement amplitude is increased five times and the frequency is doubled, the production efficiency becomes 10%.
At 00 ton / h, the efficiency is improved to 5 times that of the rolling process, and high-efficiency processing can be performed.

As described above, in this embodiment, nine types of web thicknesses, web heights and nine types of webs are formed from one type of material having a rectangular cross section using three types of upper and lower dies and one type of left and right dies. Size-free processing of combinations of flange widths is possible.

Needless to say, the types of widths of the upper and lower dies may be adjusted as many as necessary.

On the other hand, the conventional rough forming rolling method using horizontal rolls uses a material having several types of cross-sectional dimensions, uses ten or more types of rough-forming rolls, and uses the long side of the material cross section in the first half pass. The vertical direction is set in the vertical direction, the long side is lowered in an unstable posture, the web height and the flange width are adjusted, and then the web thickness is adjusted in the latter half of the pass to form a total of about 20 passes. Therefore, in this method, compared with the conventional rolling method, size-free machining and rough shaping of large-sized steel can be realized with a small number of tools, and easily increased by increasing the feed displacement amplitude and frequency of the die. Efficient machining is possible. Further, since the material is processed in a stable posture in which the longitudinal direction of the material cross section is horizontal, it is easy in operation to adjust the dimensional accuracy to a target value.

[0077]

According to the present invention, in general, two-dimensional rolling and feeding can be performed by using a tool having a few types of upper and lower dies and a type of a tool having a small number of left and right dies from a material having a small number of rectangular cross sections of 1 to 2 types. 1 to 4 using four dies that perform periodic displacement
Through several passes of continuous forging, size-free processing of rough shaping of a metal profile having about 10 different combinations of web thickness, web height and flange width is realized. Further, high-speed and high-efficiency processing can be performed by adjusting the rolling amplitude and the frequency.
Therefore, there is also an economic effect in the material forging process on the upstream side due to the aggregation of the materials.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an example of a section steel forging apparatus for implementing a molding method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the section steel forging device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of upper and lower dies and left and right dies mounted on the section steel forging apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the upper and lower dies.

FIG. 6 is a drawing schematically showing a die driving device of the section steel forging device.

FIG. 7 is a plan sectional view showing a holding member and a driving unit of the upper and lower dies.

FIG. 8: A rolling reduction amplitude of ± 33 mm and a feed displacement amplitude of ± 16.
FIG. 5 is a trajectory diagram of upper and lower dies (left and right dies) when the distance is 5 mm.

FIG. 9 shows a reduction amplitude of ± 33 mm and a feed displacement amplitude of ± 49.
FIG. 5 is a trajectory diagram of upper and lower dies (left and right dies) when the distance is 5 mm.

FIG. 10 shows the raw material, the roughly shaped material on the exit side of the first pass, and the second shape.
It is sectional drawing of the rough shaping | molding material of a pass exit side.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a relationship between a web height and a flange width on the exit side of the first pass, using the upper and lower die widths as parameters.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a relationship between a web height and a flange width on the exit side of a second pass, using a vertical die width and a die feed displacement amplitude as parameters;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rectangular cross-section material 3 Processed crude billet material 10 Housing 11 Stand 12 Support 20 Dice holding member 21 Upper (lower) die holding device 22 Upper (lower) die feed guide plate 23 Upper (lower) die feed block 26 upper (Lower) die lowering block 28 Upper (lower) die holding member 31 Left (right) die holder 32 Left (right) die feed guide plate 33 Left (right) die feed block 36 Left (right) die lowering block 28 left ( Right) dice holding member 40 dice 41 upper and lower dice 45 left and right dice 50 dice driving device 51 motor 60 upper and lower dice driving device 62 upper and lower dice driving shaft 70 upper (lower) die driving shaft 76 upper (lower) die driven shaft 82 upper (lower) Die intermediate shaft 88 Upper (lower) die feed drive shaft 91 Upper (lower) die feed eccentric mechanism 93 Upper (lower) die feed Arm 95 Upper (lower) die lowering eccentric mechanism 97 Upper (lower) die lowering arm 100 left and right dice driving device 102 left and right dice driving shaft 107 left (right) dice driven shaft 126 left (right) dice intermediate shaft 132 left (right) Dice feed drive shaft 137 Left (right) die feed eccentric mechanism 139 Left (right) die feed arm 141 Left (right) die pressure eccentric mechanism 143 Left (right) die pressure 145 Arm roller table P Pass line

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-8-90131 (JP, A) JP-A-61-140304 (JP, A) JP-A-5-123701 (JP, A) 37020 (JP, B2) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B21J 1 / 04,13 / 02 B21B 1/08

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. While forging a material having a rectangular cross-section along a pass line, the web is formed by forging in which the material is pressed down by upper and lower dies facing vertically and left and right dies facing left and right .
In the method of forming a metal profile consisting of a flange and a flange , the upper and lower dies are periodically driven to draw a constant closed curve in a vertical plane parallel to the pass line, and the right and left dies are drawn to draw a constant closed curve in a horizontal plane. The die is driven periodically to adjust the shape and dimensions of the material and the forged metal profile.
Based on, and adjust the web thickness at a reduction rate of the upper and lower dies, cormorant
The height of the eb is adjusted by the reduction rate of the left and right dies, and the flange width is adjusted. <br/> The reduction rate of the reduction rate of the upper and lower dies and the left and right dies, and the difference between the speed in the pass line direction of the upper and lower dies and the speed in the pass line direction of the left and right dies. A method for forming a metal profile by forging, characterized in that the method is adjusted by: 2. A forging apparatus for a metal profile comprising upper and lower dies facing vertically and left and right dies facing left and right, wherein the upper and lower dies are drawn so as to draw a constant closed curve in a vertical plane parallel to the pass line. And a die driving device that drives the left and right dies periodically so as to draw a constant closed curve in the horizontal plane, and the speed in the pass line direction of the upper and lower dies and the speed in the pass line direction of the left and right dies, respectively. A forging device for a metal profile, comprising a die speed adjusting device that can be adjusted independently. 3. A housing, upper and lower dice feed guide means attached to the housing and extending in the direction of the pass line, an upper and lower dice feed block movable by being guided by the upper and lower dice feed guide means, and a guide for the upper and lower dice feed blocks. An upper and lower die lowering block fitted to the means so as to be vertically movable, an upper and lower dice attached to the upper and lower die lowering block, a left and right dice feed guiding means extending in the pass line direction, and a left and right dice feeding guide means mounted on the housing. A left and right die feed block movable by being guided by the left and right die feed block, a left and right die lowering block fitted to be able to move left and right to the guide means of the left and right die feed block; is connected to the block, the upper and lower die feed block
An upper and lower die feed eccentric mechanism for moving forward and backward along the pass line direction, and connected to the upper and lower die lowering block,
An upper and lower die lowering eccentric mechanism for moving the die lowering block up and down, and the left and right die feeding blocks are connected to each other.
Move the die feed block back and forth along the pass line direction
Left and right die feed eccentric mechanism that is coupled to the left and right die pressure block, and Dialog <br/> chair pressure eccentric mechanism for horizontal movement of the left and right die pressure block, the upper and lower dies feed eccentric mechanism, the upper and lower dies pressure eccentric, feeding right and left dies 3. The forging apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising: an eccentric mechanism; and a die driving device for driving the left and right die pressure eccentric mechanism. 4. An upper and lower die drive transmission device for connecting the motor with the motor, the upper and lower die feed eccentric mechanism and the upper and lower die lowering eccentric mechanism, a motor, the left and right die feed eccentric mechanism and the lower left and right die lowering device. 4. The apparatus for forging and forming a metal profile according to claim 3, comprising a left and right die drive transmission device connected to the eccentric mechanism.