JP3113563B2 - Building connection device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a connecting device for a structure, which connects the upper structures of a structure which is constructed by supporting the ends of the upper structure on a plurality of lower structures. More specifically, the seismic resistance and mechanical shock resistance of the connection of the upper structure or the upper structure and the lower structure have been improved, and the position of the upper structure can be prevented from being displaced or dropped during an earthquake. It belongs to the technical field of a connection device for a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A typical prior art connecting device of this type of conventional structure (conventional example 1) is, for example, as shown in FIG. 4 which is a partial perspective view of an elevated road. That is, flyover 51 become known configuration is construct includes a plurality of piers 52 is a lower structure creation erected with a predetermined interval on the ground 58, the end portion on these piers 52 it is supported and a bridge beam 53 is an upper portion structure creation which is horizontally installed. The assembling structure of the bridge pier 52, the bridge girder 53 and the bridge girder 53 of the elevated road 51 is as shown in FIG. 5 in an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG. 4, and the bridge girder 53 is mounted on the horizontal floor at the top of the pier 52. The lower end is supported via a cast iron support base metal fitting 59 mounted thereon, so that a slight amount of movement in the horizontal direction can be absorbed. The bridge girder 53 that is abutted is integrally attached to each end, and is formed of a pair of cast iron joint fittings 65 having a rack shape that mesh with each other.
6 (connecting device), the ends are connected so as to be able to absorb a slight amount of horizontal movement caused by a temperature change. However, the fastening members 6
As shown in FIG. 6 in a schematic side view of an elevated road, there is a problem to be solved in which the bridge girder 53 falls off from the bearing bracket 59 or falls from the pier 52, as shown in FIG. found.

[0003] By the way, when an elevated road is restored, a connecting device (conventional example) that enhances the seismic resistance and mechanical shock resistance of the connecting portion of the bridge girder so that the upper structure can be prevented from being displaced or dropped during an earthquake. 2) is proposed in, for example, reference materials (draft) for the mutatis mutandis of "Specifications for the restoration of road bridges damaged by the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake" [Japan Road Association, issued in June 1995]. Hereinafter, the configuration of this connecting device is shown in FIG. 7A of an upper side view of an elevated road, FIG. 7B of a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 7A, and only one of the connecting devices. FIG. 8A and FIG.
The same components as those in the above-described typical conventional example will be described with the same reference numerals and the same names, with reference to FIG.

That is, reference numeral 51 shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B denotes an elevated road having a well-known configuration, and the elevated road 51 is supported on a pier 52 erected on the ground. By supporting a main girder 53a provided along the longitudinal direction of the bridge girder 53 below the bridge girder 53 via the base metal fitting 59, the bridge girder 53 is horizontally installed. A connecting device 70 corresponding to the fastening member 66 according to the conventional example is attached to each of both side surfaces of the main girder 53a of the bridge girder 53.

[0005] The connecting device 70 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in (b), the cable girder 71 is fixed to the main girder 53a of the bridge girder 53 with high-strength bolts, and the PC cable 79 is supported by the cable girder 71 and supported at the end. Have been. More specifically, the cable connecting metal fitting 71 is provided with a mounting plate 71 a fixed to the main girder 53 a of the bridge girder 53 with high-strength bolts, and provided upright at a right angle to the mounting plate 71 a, and provided at the end of the PC cable 79. A trapezoidal cable support plate 71b having a cable mounting hole h through which a screw fitting 79a to be inserted penetrates;
And a cable support plate 71
b, four main reinforcing plates 71c fixed at right angles to the front and back surfaces near the ends in the width direction, and a main reinforcing plate 7 on the cable side of the PC cable 79 supported through the cable supporting plate 71b.
1c, 71c, and auxiliary reinforcing plates 71d, 71d disposed at positions sandwiching the cable portion of the PC cable 79.
It is composed of

[0006] As described above, the cable connecting fitting 71 is
The sub-reinforcement plate 71d is fixed to the main girder 53a of the adjacent bridge girder 53 with the side facing the sub-reinforcement plate 71d facing the opposite side, and the tip of the PC cable 79 is inserted into the cable mounting hole h of the cable support plate 71b of the cable connection fitting 71. The screw fitting 79a is passed through and connected as described later.

That is, a positioning nut 72 is first screwed on the base end side of the screw fitting 79a, and a washer-like elastic member 73 for absorbing a displacement amount due to temperature expansion is externally fitted and passed through the cable mounting hole h. The cable support plate 71b is attached to the projecting end of the screw fitting 79a from the cable support plate 71b.
In order from the side, a washer-like elastic material 73 ′, a washer-like buffer material 74 for buffering an impact caused by the movement of the bridge girder 53,
A washer-shaped support plate 75 for supporting the tension acting on the PC cable 79 and a compression coil spring 76 are externally fitted.
The PC cable 79 is connected by screwing the tightening nut 77 through the washer 77a.

Further, these main reinforcing plates 71c, 71c
The cable portion of the PC cable 79 is passed through an opening of a space formed by the upper and lower auxiliary reinforcing plates 71d, and a deflecting tool 78 having a deflecting hole 78a whose inner diameter on both opening sides expands in a trumpet shape is fitted. Have been combined. The deflecting tool 78 is made of resin and functions to reduce the bending of the PC cable 79.

Therefore, tension is always applied to the PC cable 79 by the compression coil spring 76 to absorb the vibration of the bridge girder 53 caused by the running of the automobile or the like, and the amount of elongation of the bridge girder 53 due to the temperature expansion is reduced. 73, 73 '. When the bridge girders 53 sway in the longitudinal direction due to the occurrence of the earthquake, the bridge girders 53 deform the cushioning material 74 and the compression coil spring 7.
PC cable 7 to which tension is applied according to the amount of expansion and contraction of 6
Continue to be linked at 9. When these bridge girders 53 swing right and left or up and down in the width direction, the deflection holes 78 of the deflector 78 are used.
In the inner peripheral position of a, the PC cable 79 is freely bent in accordance with the swing amount of the bridge girder 53, and the tension is applied according to the deformation of the cushioning material 74 and the expansion and contraction of the compression coil spring 76. Stay connected. In other words, the impact of the shaking of the bridge girder 53 caused by the earthquake is absorbed and the amount of the shaking is absorbed by the compression coil spring 76, and the bending force is hardly applied to the screw fitting 79a. These bridge girders 53 can be firmly connected to each other regardless of the swing direction of the bridge girder.

[0010]

According to the connecting device according to the prior art 2, as described above, the impact of the shaking of the bridge girder caused by the earthquake is absorbed, and the amount of the shaking is absorbed by the compression coil spring. Since almost no bending force acts on the screw fitting, it is difficult to break, and the bridge girders can be firmly connected to each other regardless of the swing direction of the bridge girders. Are better. However, the PC cable has a large diameter and high bending rigidity,
Since the C cable must be installed straight,
Not only is the work of adjusting the connection of the cable connecting fittings difficult, but also, in some cases, it is necessary to provide a beam member for mounting the cable connecting fittings on the bridge girder, and there is a problem to be solved in that the mounting cost of the connecting device increases. That is, PC
Even if the cable has to be held straight, it is desirable that the mounting position of the cable connecting fitting can be set freely according to the shape of the bridge girder. Of course, there has been a strong demand for a cable connecting fitting that can be used for any of new and existing elevated roads, and that can be freely set in its mounting position.

Further, as described above, this connecting device
There is also a problem to be solved in that the cable connecting fittings have to be large in size because of the presence of the deflecting tool for alleviating the bending of the C cable, which is not preferable for the appearance of the elevated road.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention that the position of the cable connection fitting of the connection device can be freely set,
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a compact construction connecting device.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the main means adopted by the apparatus for connecting a building according to the first aspect of the present invention is a plurality of substructures. In a structure connecting apparatus for connecting the upper structures adjacent to each other in a structure formed by supporting each end of each of the plurality of upper structures on each lower structure, and connecting the adjacent upper structures, A cable connection fitting fixed to the upper structure or the opposite side of the upper structure and the lower structure, an arm connection block rotatably supported on each of the cable connection fittings via a first shaft,
These arm connecting blocks have a second axis orthogonal to the first axis.
It is characterized by comprising a pair of swing arms connected via shafts, and a cable to which a tension is applied by connecting each end of the pair of swing arms at their ends.

The main means adopted by the structure connecting device according to the second aspect of the present invention is the structure connecting device according to the first aspect, wherein the tip of the cable is elastically supported at the tip of the swing arm. Characterized by the provision of a resilient body.

[0015] The main unit coupling device employs a construct according to claim 3 of the present invention, what of the claims 1 or 2
The connecting device for a structure according to any one of the above items, wherein the swing arm is formed of a high-strength steel bar.

The main means adopted by the apparatus for connecting a building according to claim 4 of the present invention is as defined in claim 1, 2, or 3 .
In the apparatus for connecting a construct according to any one of the above items,
In the shaft hole of the first shaft and the second shaft of the arm connection block,
The bush is fitted.

The main means adopted by the structure connecting device according to claim 5 of the present invention is as defined in claim 1, 2, or 3 .
In the apparatus for connecting a construct according to any one of the above items,
A sprayed layer is formed on the outer periphery of the first axis and the second axis.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a structure connecting apparatus according to any one of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth aspects. the cable in either of the connecting fitting and the arm connecting blocks, characterized in that a seal member for shaft sealing the first axis.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a structure connecting apparatus according to any one of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth aspects. in the counter-shaft support side of the swing arm of the cable connecting fitting, block angle adjustment with a bullet inducer capable of freely setting the rotational angle of the arm connecting block to said first axis of the cable connecting fitting A mechanism is provided.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a construction connecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 (a) which is an overall perspective view of a set of connecting devices, and FIG. Figure 1 (b) of
And FIG. 2 (a) of an exploded perspective view of the cable connecting fitting.
This will be described below with reference to FIG. 2B, which is an explanatory view of a first shaft fitting state of the cable connection fitting, and FIG. 3 of an arrangement explanatory view thereof. However, since the configuration of the elevated road, which is a structure, is the same as that of the conventional example, the description of the configuration of the elevated road is omitted.

FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) and FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b)
The configuration of the connecting device of the building will be described with reference to FIGS.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a connecting device. The connecting device 1 includes cable connecting metal fittings 2 and 2 described below, which are fixed to respective side surfaces of a main girder of an adjacent bridge girder (not shown) by mechanical means such as bolts, and a PC cable. And a PC cable 11 which is connected to the cable connection fitting 2 that deflectably supports the end of the cable connection mechanism and that is tensioned by the cable connection mechanism.

First, the structure of the cable connecting fitting 2 will be described. A mounting plate 2a fixed to a main girder of a bridge girder with a high-strength bolt (not shown), and an upright and perpendicular to the mounting plate 2a are provided. A boss 2c in which a seal ring groove 2g into which a seal ring s is fitted is formed on an end face on the opposite side.
The boss 2 is reinforced by an inner reinforcing plate 2e on the original end side and by an outer reinforcing plate 2d perpendicular to the opposite side.
c and a pair of block support plates 2b, 2b having a shaft hole 2f penetrating therethrough. Note that the seal ring groove may be formed in an end face of an arm connection block described later.

Next, the cable connecting mechanism will be described. That is, the block support plates 2b, 2 of the cable connection fitting 2
The first shaft 3 is fitted into the shaft hole 2f of the first shaft 3b.
However, the arm connection block 4 described later is rotatably supported by being fitted in the first shaft hole 4a in which the bush b is fitted. On the upper and lower sides of the arm connection block 4 in the drawing, a second direction orthogonal to the first shaft hole 4a is provided.
The shaft holes 4b, 4b are provided, and the second shaft holes 4b, 4b are provided.
There is provided a notch 4c crossing b. This notch 4
c and 4c are fitted with flat portions on the base end side of rod-shaped swing arms 5 and 5 having a circular cross section and having a male thread 5b on the tip end side,
When the second shaft 3 'fitted in the second shaft hole 4b is fitted in the connection hole 5a formed in the flat portion, these swing arms 5, 5 are connected to the second shafts 3', 3 '. Is connected to the arm connection block 4 so as to be able to swing around the fulcrum. The reason why the swing arms 5 and 5 are formed in a rod shape having a circular cross section is as follows.
This is a consideration for increasing the swing angle.

Incidentally, in this case, it is preferable that the bush is also fitted in the second shaft hole 4b. In other words, rainwater, exhaust gas,
Sticking due to rusting between the hole and the shaft due to salt (when near the coast) or the like is suppressed, so that the arm connecting block 4 can be rotated for a long period of time and the swinging arms 5 and 5 can swing. Will be maintained as such. In addition, the vibration of the bridge girder or the shaking caused by the running of the automobile or the like causes the arm connection block 4 to rotate even if it is extremely small, and the oscillating arms 5 and 5 oscillate. Therefore, a certain function is exhibited without using a seal ring or a bush.

A second supporting plate 7 'slidably guided by the swing arms 5 and 5 is provided at the tip end of the swing arms 5 and 5 in order from the arm connecting block 4 side. A cushioning material 8 for buffering a shock that occurs and a first support plate 7 are assembled, and these are male screws 5 at the tips of the swing arms 5, 5.
b, the swinging arms 5, 5
It is mounted on the tip side. These second support plates 7 ',
A through hole is provided at the center position of the cushioning material 8 and the first support plate 7, and a screw fitting 11 a fixed to the tip of the PC cable 11 penetrates the through hole, and a compression coil spring 9 is provided at the protruding end. The PC cable 11 is connected by being externally fitted and screwing a tightening nut 10 to the tip of the screw fitting 11a. The material of the cushioning material 8 is, for example, chloroprene rubber having a Shore hardness of 60 °.

Since the PC cable 11 is thus connected to the cable connection fitting 2, the arm connection block 4 is rotated about the first shaft 3 as a fulcrum, and
By swinging the swing arms 5, 5 about the second shaft 3 'as a fulcrum, the direction of the PC cable 11 can be freely deflected.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, a block angle adjusting mechanism 12 for setting the rotation angle of the arm connecting block 4 is provided on the opposite side of the swing arms 5 and 5 of the arm connecting block 4. Is provided. The block angle adjusting mechanism 12 includes a flat plate-shaped perforated bracket 12a protruding from an end surface of the arm connecting block 4 and a screw through which an adjusting nut 12d is screwed through the hole of the bracket 12a. It comprises a rod 12b and a coil spring 12c whose upper end is fixed to the lower end of the screw rod 12b and whose lower end is fixed to the mounting plate 2a of the cable connection fitting 2.

Therefore, the distal ends of the swing arms 5, 5 can be directed away from the fixing surface of the cable connection fitting 2 by screwing the adjustment nut 12d. According to the block angle adjusting mechanism 12, since the rotation angle of the arm connecting block 4 can be set, it is useful for improving the efficiency of mounting work when this connecting device is mounted on the main girder of the bridge girder. From the viewpoint of the connection function between each other,
The block angle adjusting mechanism 12 is not necessarily provided.

Of course, there is an operation equivalent to that of the connecting device according to the conventional example 2. That is, tension is always applied to the PC cable 11 by the compression coil spring 9, and vibration of the bridge girder due to running of an automobile or the like and elongation of the bridge girder due to temperature expansion are absorbed by the cushioning material 8. And even if the bridge girder sways in any direction of horizontal, left and right or up and down due to the occurrence of the earthquake, the bridge girder is given a tension according to the deformation of the cushioning material 8 and the amount of expansion and contraction of the compression coil spring 9, In addition, the connection can be continued by the rotation of the arm connection block 4 about the first shaft 3 and the PC cable 11 deflected by the swing of the swing arms 5 and 5 about the second shaft 3 ′, This can be very effective in preventing the bridge girder from falling off from the bearing bracket and from falling from the pier.

[0030]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the connecting device 1 for a building having the above structure will be described below with reference to FIG. The other side of the bridge girder 23 is fixed to the inner side surface of the main girder 23a of the left bridge girder 23, and the other cable connection fitting 2 is fixed to the outer side surface of the main girder 23a of the right side bridge girder 23 of FIG. And the arm connection block 4
Are rotated by a predetermined angle, and PC cable 1
Numeral 1 is extended at an angle with respect to an axis passing through the center in the width direction of the bridge girder 23. The holes provided in the bridge girder 23 are manholes Mh through which workers enter and exit when repairing and checking the bridge girder.

In this embodiment, the two cable connecting fittings 2 and 2 are mounted at the same height, and the PC cable 11 is located in a horizontal plane, but the swing arms 5 and 5 are connected to the first shaft. 3 can swing in the longitudinal direction, so that the cable connection fittings 2 and 2 do not necessarily have to be at the same height. That is,
According to the connection device according to the conventional example using the PC cable,
It is necessary to attach the cable connecting bracket so that the connecting portion of the PC cable is always located on the extension line of the PC cable, and it takes a long time to adjust the mounting position of the connecting device. Since the direction of the cable 11 can be freely deflected, there is no need to adjust the mounting position of the connecting device 1, which can greatly contribute to shortening the construction period of the connecting device mounting work. Further, even if the repair work is performed, it is not necessary to add a beam member or the like for attaching the cable connection fitting 2 to the bridge girder 23, so that an increase in repair work cost can be suppressed.

Further, the cable connecting fitting of the connecting device according to the conventional example 2 using a PC cable has a built-in deflector for alleviating the bending of the PC cable. According to the above,
Since no deflecting tool is built in, the cable connecting fitting 2 can be reduced in size accordingly. For example, 1
In the case of 0 ⁶ N (100T) cable connecting fitting of the coupling device 1 for mounting dimensions at 1180 mm × 920 mm,
Although the weight was 470 kgf, in this embodiment, the mounting dimensions were 660 mm × 620 mm and the weight was 325 kF.
gf, the mounting dimensions are significantly reduced as compared with the conventional example, and the weight is also significantly reduced, so that the degree of adverse effects on the appearance of the elevated road can be reduced.

The PC cable 11 has a yield load of 10 ⁶ N (Ｎ100T) and a PC steel stranded wire of 17.8 m.
It is formed by bundling three m. The cross-sectional area, unit weight and elastic modulus of the PC cable 11 are 780 mm ² , 6.17 kgf / m, 1900 kg
f / mm ² , the outside of which is coated with a coating material made of polyethylene resin having a thickness of 4 mm, and a grease-based rust preventive is sealed inside the coating material.

The swing arm 5 has a tensile strength of 70.
Using a 42 mm diameter tie rod steel material of kgf / mm ² ,
The arm connecting block 4 and the first support plate 7 have a tensile strength of 5
An 8 kgf / mm ² carbon steel material for machine structure was used, and each of the mounting plate 2 a, the boss 2 c, and the inner and outer reinforcing plates 2 d and 2 e of the cable connecting fitting 2 had a tensile strength of 41 kgf / mm ^2.
A general structural rolled steel material of mm ² was used. The bridge girder 23
When the cable connecting fitting 2 is attached to the main girder 23a, the tensile strength is 100 kgf / mm ² and the size is M22.
Was used.

In the above description, the example in which the connecting device 1 is applied to the connection between the bridge girders 23 has been described. However, the connecting device 1 can also be used for connecting the bridge girder 23 and the pier. Further, the above embodiment is only one specific example of the present invention, and therefore, the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by the above embodiment, and further, a design change within a range not departing from the technical idea of the present invention. Etc. are free.

[0036]

As described in detail above, claim 1 of the present invention
According to the structure connecting device according to any one of (1) to (7), the direction of the PC cable can be freely set by the rotation of the arm connecting block around the first axis and the swing of the swing arm around the second axis. can do. Therefore, it is possible to attach the connecting device to the main girder very easily without having to adjust the mounting of the cable connecting bracket as in the prior art, and it is necessary to add a beam member or the like for mounting the cable connecting bracket to the bridge girder. Therefore, it can be used for both new and existing elevated roads, and can greatly contribute to shortening the construction period and reducing construction costs.

Further, since the cable connecting fitting of the connecting apparatus according to the present invention does not include a deflector for reducing the bending of the PC cable unlike the conventional example, the cable connecting fitting is reduced in size by that much. There is also an excellent effect that the adverse effect on the appearance of the structure can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is an overall perspective view of one set of a connecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
It is the A section detailed view of (a).

FIG. 2A is an exploded perspective view of a cable connecting bracket of the connecting device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
(B) is an explanatory view of a first shaft fitting state of the cable connection fitting.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an arrangement state of a connecting device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of a conventional typical prior art elevated road.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of an elevated road.

7 (a) is a top side view of an elevated road equipped with a connecting device according to a conventional example described in reference materials issued by the Japan Road Association, and FIG. 7 (b) is FIG. (A)
It is CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG.

FIG. 8A is a side cross-sectional view showing only one of the conventional connection devices described in the reference material issued by the Japan Road Association, and FIG. a) D
It is an arrow view.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Connecting device, 2 ... Cable connecting bracket, 2a ... Mounting plate,
2b: block support plate, 2c: boss, 2d: outer reinforcing plate, 2e: inner reinforcing plate, 2f: shaft hole, 2g: seal ring groove, 3: first shaft, 3 ': second shaft, 4: arm connection Block, 4a: First shaft hole, 4b: Second shaft hole, 4c: Notch 5: Swing arm, 5a: Connection hole, 5b: Male screw, 6
... Mounting nut, 7 ... First support plate, 7 '... Second support plate, 8
... cushioning material, 9 ... compression coil spring, 10 ... tightening nut, 1
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... PC cable, 11a ... Screw fitting, 12 ... Block angle adjustment mechanism, 12a ... Bracket, 12b ... Screw rod, 12c ... Coil spring, 12d ... Adjustment nut, 22 ...
Bridge pier, 23 bridge girder, 23a main girder, b bush, s ...
Seal ring.

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] A plurality of lower structures are erected, and the upper structures adjacent to each other in a structure constructed by supporting each end of each of the plurality of upper structures on each lower structure are connected to each other. In a connection device for a building to be connected, a cable connection fitting fixed to an adjacent upper structure or an opposing side of the upper structure and the lower structure, and each of the cable connection fittings is rotatable via a first shaft. A pair of swing arms connected to these arm connection blocks via a second axis orthogonal to the first axis, and a pair of end portions at the ends of the pair of swing arms. And a cable to which tension is applied by connecting the cables. 2. The structure connecting device according to claim 1, wherein a resilient body for resiliently supporting the distal end of the cable is provided at the distal end of the swing arm. Any one of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that wherein the formation of the swing arm at high strength steel bars
The connection device for a construct according to the paragraph . 4. A first shaft and a second shaft of the arm connecting block.
The connection device for a building according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3, wherein a bush is fitted into a shaft hole with the shaft. 5. The outer periphery of the first shaft and the second shaft, according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the formation of the thermal sprayed layer
A connection device for a construct according to any one of the preceding items. 6. to either one of said cables connecting fitting and the arm connecting block according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or characterized in that a seal member for shaft sealing a first axis Item 6. The connection device for a construct according to any one of items 5. 7. A counter shaft support side of the swing arm of the cable connecting fitting, with a bullet inducer capable of freely setting the rotational angle of the arm connecting block to said first axis of the cable connecting fitting The block angle adjusting mechanism is provided, and any one of Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 characterized by the above-mentioned.
An apparatus for connecting a construct according to one of the preceding claims.