JP3110776U - Labor-saving track construction sheet and labor-saving track - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide sufficient characteristics (tensile strength, elongation rate, etc.) without increasing the thickness of a sheet and to improve workability during construction.
A filler is excavated below a rail 14 of a ballast track 10 along a rail length direction and filled with pebbles 26 on a sheet 20 long in the rail length direction laid in the excavation groove 18. 28 is a sheet 20 used for the construction of a labor-saving track for fixing the pebbles 26 on the sheet 20, and the sheet 20 is a roll of a short fiber nonwoven fabric with its tensile strength being small in the length direction. It is characterized by being wound into a shape.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a sheet used for a labor-saving track that supports rails, sleepers, and the like, and a labor-saving track using the same.

  Among the tracks that support rails and sleepers, ballast tracks using crushed stones and gravel have the problem of requiring a lot of labor for maintenance and management. This is because the position of rails and sleepers fluctuates as crushed stones and gravel move or sink. For this reason, crushed stones and gravel are fixed. For example, an E-type pavement track is known.

  In Patent Documents 1 and 2, a water-permeable sheet such as a nonwoven fabric is laid in a groove excavated below the rail in an existing ballast track, and a filler such as cement asphalt mortar is laid on the crushed stone. It has been shown to cast and fix crushed stone. Here, it is necessary that the sheet is difficult for the filler to pass through and the rainwater is easily passed through, and a nonwoven fabric is usually used.

JP-A-9-268501 JP-A-6-108401

  The nonwoven fabric used conventionally was a long-fiber nonwoven fabric. As will be described later (see FIG. 4), the long-fiber nonwoven fabric has substantially the same level of tensile strength and elongation in the vertical and horizontal directions, and has a small difference in characteristics depending on the direction. When this sheet is laid under the rail, it is desirable to have sufficient tensile strength and elongation in both the vertical and horizontal directions, but it has been found that the thickness of the sheet becomes excessive in order to obtain satisfactory characteristics.

  The sheet is wound in a roll shape and passed under the rail so as to cross the rail, and then the roll is rotated and moved in the length direction of the rail. In this case, if the sheet is too thick, the roll diameter wound in a roll shape becomes excessive, and there is a problem that the operation of passing under the rail becomes impossible or the workability deteriorates.

  In addition, the sheet needs to be laid under the rail at the curved portion while being slightly bent in the width direction (lateral direction) along the rail curve. At this time, the sheet was wrinkled, and there was a problem that it was difficult to construct.

  This device has been made in view of such circumstances, and can provide sufficient characteristics (tensile strength, elongation, etc.) without increasing the thickness of the sheet, and can improve workability during construction. It is a first object to provide a sheet that becomes. A second object is to provide a labor-saving track using this sheet.

  According to this device, the first object is to excavate the lower part of the ballast track along the rail length direction and after filling the pebble on the long sheet in the rail length direction laid in the excavation groove. A sheet used for construction of a labor-saving track that fixes pebbles on a sheet by injecting a filler, and the sheet is formed into a roll with a short fiber nonwoven fabric in a direction in which the tensile strength is small. Achieved by a labor-saving track construction sheet characterized by winding.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the second object is to excavate the lower part of the ballast track along the length of the rail and to fill the pebble on the long sheet in the length direction of the rail laid in the excavation groove. Then, by injecting a filler, in a labor-saving orbit where the pebbles on the sheet are fixed, a sheet in which the short fiber nonwoven fabric is wound in a roll shape with the direction of high tensile strength in the width direction is the short fiber nonwoven fabric. Achieved by a labor-saving track characterized in that the direction in which the tensile strength is small is the rail length direction and is laid in the excavation groove and the pebbles filled on the sheet are fixed with a filler. Is done.

  In the labor-saving track according to the present invention in which a sheet is laid in the excavation groove below the rail, and crushed stone is laid on the sheet and solidified with a filler, a large force is applied in the direction in which the laid crushed stone extends the sheet in the width direction. I understand. In other words, in order to prevent the left and right walls of the excavation groove from collapsing, the frame plates are stretched in the width direction because the frame plates are erected and crushed stones are laid on these frame plates while holding both edges in the width direction of the sheet. .

  On the other hand, short fiber nonwoven fabrics are generally characterized by low tensile strength but large elongation compared to long fiber nonwoven fabrics. In particular, the tensile strength of the long fiber nonwoven fabric is almost the same in both the longitudinal and lateral directions, whereas the short fiber nonwoven fabric has directionality. This device pays attention to the characteristics of this short fiber nonwoven fabric, and sufficiently secures the tensile strength in the rail width direction without increasing the tensile strength in the rail longitudinal direction more than necessary.

  For this reason, since a sheet | seat can be made thin, a roll diameter can be made small and workability | operativity can be improved. In addition, since the short fiber nonwoven fabric has a high elongation rate, the allowable expansion and contraction amount of the sheet in the longitudinal direction of the rail can be increased, and wrinkles that can be formed on the sheet at the bent portion of the rail can be reduced, thereby improving workability.

  This non-woven sheet needs to be correctly positioned in the width direction when laid under the rail, but it is difficult to confirm at the construction site. Therefore, a mark parallel to the length direction is preferably attached near the center of the sheet in the width direction. This mark may be a straight line such as red or a dotted line. Since it is only necessary to place this mark in the middle of the rail, the construction efficiency is good. This mark may be provided at a position serving as a reference in the width direction, such as a rail position, instead of the vicinity of the center in the width direction.

  Polyester is suitable for the short fiber nonwoven fabric, and in order to bond and connect this sheet | seat to the rail length direction, it is good to use a spray type adhesive agent. This is because work efficiency is improved. As the spray adhesive, a styrene / butadiene rubber type is most suitable. For example, the trade name “Z-3 Bond Spray Nori” supplied by Konishi Co., Ltd. (2-1-2 Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka) is suitable.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a labor-saving track known as an E-type pavement track according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing its construction process, and FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a sheet and its connection method.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 is a ballast roadbed, 12 is a sleeper, and 14 is a pair of left and right rails. The sleepers 12 may be wooden sleepers, concrete sleepers, resin sleepers, or the like. The sleepers 12 are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the rails 14 at predetermined intervals. The rail 14 is attached by a rail fastening device including a tie plate 16 fixed to the upper surface of the sleeper 12.

  On the ballast roadbed 10, a groove (excavation groove) 18 is excavated in parallel with the rail 14 below the sleepers 12, and a filling layer 22 is formed on the nonwoven fabric sheet 20 laid in the excavation groove 18. The filling layer 22 is made of small crushed stone (including pebbles, crushed stone, and gravel) and hardened with a filler, so that its durability is high, and labor saving of maintenance and inspection can be achieved.

  The construction method of this filling layer 22 is demonstrated based on FIG. First, a long excavation groove 18 in the direction of the rail 14 is excavated under the sleepers 12 in the old ballast roadbed 10 (FIG. 2A) before construction. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2B, the excavation groove 18 has a substantially rectangular cross section with a wide lateral width. A non-woven sheet 20 is laid on the inner surface of the excavation groove 18. At this time, frame plates 24, 24 are placed against the side wall surfaces in order to prevent the left and right wall surfaces of the excavation groove 18 from collapsing. The nonwoven fabric sheet 20 rises from the bottom surface of the excavation groove 18 along the frame plates 24 and 24, and both left and right edges reach the vicinity of the top surface of the ballast roadbed 10 ((C) in FIG. 2).

  After the non-woven sheet 20 is spread, a small crushed stone 26 (may be crushed stone or gravel) is sprayed and rolled on the sheet 20, and the sleeper 12 is positioned thereon ((D in FIG. 2). )). At this time, the frame plates 24, 24 are removed. After the positions of the sleepers 12 and the rails 14 are adjusted and the compacted crushed stones 26 have been compacted, a filler 28 is poured into the crushed stones 26 on the nonwoven fabric sheet 20.

  The filler 28 is a fluid for adhering and fixing the small crushed stone 26 such as heat-modified asphalt, rapid-hardening cement bituminous grout material, high-fluidity high-fluidity concrete mortar, cement asphalt mortar, resin mortar, polymer cement, and the like. It is. Since these fillers 28 have an appropriate viscosity larger than that of rainwater, they hardly or not permeate the nonwoven fabric sheet 20.

  Next, the nonwoven fabric sheet 20 will be described with reference to FIG. This sheet 20 is a short fiber non-woven polyester non-woven fabric, and is rolled into a roll for every certain length (for example, 10 m) and brought into the construction site. This nonwoven fabric has directionality in tensile strength as will be described later. In this device, the direction in which the tensile strength is large is defined as the width direction, and the direction in which the tensile strength is small is defined as the longitudinal direction. This roll passes under the rail in the direction crossing the rail (lateral direction, rail width direction), and then spreads in the longitudinal direction of the rail in the excavation groove 18, and another roll is sequentially bonded in the longitudinal direction. Go. For this purpose, the ends of the two sheets 20A and 20B to be connected are opposed to each other (FIG. 3A), and an adhesive is sprayed on the end 20a of one sheet 20A. In FIG. 3B, reference numeral 30 denotes a portion where an adhesive is applied.

  As the adhesive used for the bonding portion, a spray type is suitable. For example, the above-mentioned “Z-3 bond spray paste” provided by Konishi Co., Ltd. is suitable. This adhesive is a styrene / butadiene rubber adhesive, which is filled into a can together with a solvent to form an aerosol type. For example, those containing synthetic rubber (styrene-butadiene rubber), synthetic resin (petroleum resin), organic solvent (methylene chloride), and propellant gas (LPG) are suitable.

  The two sheets 20A and 20B that are pressed by overlapping the end 20b of the other sheet 20B on the end 20a are bonded. Thus, since the connection of the sheets 20A and 20B is performed by spraying an aerosol type adhesive, it can be easily and easily applied to the sheets 20A and 20B laid on the crushed stone, and the workability is good.

  In FIG. 3, reference numeral 32 denotes a mark attached along the longitudinal direction of the sheet 20 near the center in the width direction of the sheet 20. This mark 32 is given an appropriate color by printing, for example. The mark 32 can be positioned in the width direction when the sheet 20 is laid in the excavation groove 18. In this case, the mark 32 may be at the center of the left and right rails 14 and 14. The mark 32 may be attached so as to be positioned below at least one of the rails 14 and 14 in place of the vicinity of the center in the width direction. In this case, the mark may be placed under the position of at least one rail 14.

  Next, the characteristics of the sheet 20 will be described. The nonwoven fabric used as the material of the sheet 20 is short fiber polyester, and for example, “NW-5” (trade name) sold by the applicant is suitable. In the conventional nonwoven fabric, the direction in which the tensile strength is large is the longitudinal direction of the sheet 20 for the convenience of the manufacturing process. In the present invention, the direction in which the tensile strength is large is set in the width direction of the sheet 20 and used in a roll shape.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram comparing the characteristics of the long-fiber polyester nonwoven fabric and the short-fiber polyester nonwoven fabric. In FIG. 4, test numbers * 1, * 2, A, and B use different test pieces, test numbers * 1 and * 2 are current products, and A and B are long fiber cloths and shorts according to the present invention. This was tested using a fiber cloth.

The test is a test based on JIS-L-1906. In this figure, the test pieces used in the test numbers * 1, * 2, A, and B are all selected from “Bolance” (trade name) supplied from Toyobo Co., Ltd. In FIG. 4, the case where the basis weight (fiber density, g / m ² ) is 500 is added in parentheses for easy comparison.

  According to FIG. 4, the following becomes clear. a) The tensile strength of the long-fiber nonwoven fabric (* 1, * 2, A) is almost the same in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, whereas in the short-fiber nonwoven fabric (B), the longitudinal direction is almost half of the transverse direction. The short fiber nonwoven fabric has a remarkable directionality. b) The elongation percentage in the longitudinal direction of the short fiber nonwoven fabric (B) is larger than that of the long fiber nonwoven fabric (* 1, * 2, A).

  In consideration of the above characteristics, in the present invention, the short fiber nonwoven fabric (B) is used with the direction in which the tensile strength is large (lateral direction) being the lateral direction of the sheet 20. For this reason, when the sheet 20 is laid in the excavation groove 18 under the rail, the tensile strength in the rail width direction becomes large. Therefore, even if the crushed stone 26 laid on the sheet 20 pulls the sheet 20 strongly in the width direction, the sheet 20 is sufficiently durable. The strength to obtain can be secured. Further, since the excavation groove 18 is continuous in a fixed shape in the rail longitudinal direction, even if a load such as the crushed stone 26, the sleeper 12 or the rail 14 is applied to the seat 20, the seat 20 has a large pulling force in the rail longitudinal direction. Does not work. For this reason, even if the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the sheet 20 is small, no inconvenience occurs.

  Since the excavated groove 18 bends along the bend of the rail 14, the sheet 20 must be laid while being bent with the same curvature. Since the sheet 20 has a low tensile strength in the length direction and a high elongation rate, the sheet 20 can be laid while being bent along the bent excavation groove 18. Therefore, wrinkles that can be generated in the sheet 20 can be reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

Cross-sectional perspective view of labor-saving track Diagram showing construction method Plan view showing the seat and its connection method Comparison of non-woven fabric characteristics

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Ballast roadbed 12 Sleeper 14 Rail 18 Excavation groove 20 (20A, 20B) Nonwoven fabric sheet 22 Filling layer 24 Frame plate 26 Small crushed stone (pebbles)
28 Filler 30 Mark

Claims (5)

The lower part of the ballast track is excavated along the length of the rail, filled with pebbles on a long sheet in the length direction of the rail laid in the excavation groove, and then filled with a filler. A sheet used for the construction of a labor-saving track that fixes pebbles,
The above-mentioned sheet is a labor-saving track construction sheet characterized in that a short fiber nonwoven fabric is wound in a roll shape with the direction in which the tensile strength is small as the length direction.   2. The labor-saving track construction sheet according to claim 1, wherein the sheet is provided with a positioning mark passing through the vicinity of the center in the width direction and parallel to the length direction.   3. The labor-saving orbital construction sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the short fiber nonwoven fabric is polyester. The bottom of the ballast track is excavated along the length of the rail, filled with pebbles on a long sheet in the rail length direction laid in the excavation groove, and then filled with filler. In a labor-saving orbit with fixed pebbles,
A sheet in which the short fiber nonwoven fabric is wound in a roll shape in the width direction in the direction in which the tensile strength is large is laid in the excavation groove with the direction in which the tensile strength of the short fiber nonwoven fabric is small in the rail length direction, A labor-saving orbit characterized in that pebbles filled on the sheet are fixed with a filler. 5. The labor-saving track according to claim 4, wherein the connecting portion that connects the ends of the two sheets is bonded in an overlapping manner by spraying a styrene / butadiene rubber adhesive on at least one of the overlapping surfaces.

Images