JP3103229U - Filter structure and turbid water treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

Kind Code: A1 The present invention relates to a filter means and a turbid water treatment device suitable for treating polluted particles in turbid water by aggregating them with a flocculant. Implement processing technology.
SOLUTION: A filter material 2 constituting a mesh of a filter is arranged singly or in a plurality at intervals in a turbid water flowing portion, and a floc 1 is adsorbed and grown to such an extent that an opening 3 remains in the center of the mesh of the filter material. When the filter means is used, the floc adheres and grows to a certain extent on the filter material, and after that, the floc is broken by an external force such as a water flow and cannot grow, and the opening 3 remains, so that the filter means is clogged. There is no problem of coming.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to a filter structure suitable for treating polluted particles in turbid water by flocculating with a flocculant.

Purification of turbid water mixed with red soil particles, etc., is performed before it is discharged into rivers. At that time, turbid water is mixed with a flocculant to form turbid particles into large flocs (agglomerates) and settle. The coagulation sedimentation method is widely adopted. However, in order to precipitate flocs, it is necessary to allow the flocculant and the stirred turbid water to stand still and wait for the flocs to settle out, so that it takes a long time to completely remove the flocs. In order to reduce the processing time and achieve the target turbidity in a short time, we are trying to separate the floc with a filter.However, the filter is clogged in a short time, and practical use is difficult. Have been watched.

On the other hand, according to the turbid water treatment apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-182990, suspended particles contained in turbid water can be transported to a building site and the like, and can be stably purified for a long time. Is neutralized and aggregated with cations generated from the anode electrode made of an aluminum alloy plate of the electrode tank, water containing the aggregated floc is sent to the separation tank, and the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the electrode tank are separated at regular intervals. By switching, the consumption of the anode electrode is suppressed. Further, the separation tank is composed of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, and turbid water containing flocs flows out from the turbid water outlet of the inner cylinder to a lower portion of the outer cylinder to deposit flocs in the outer cylinder. From the turbid water outlet, and use the deposited floc as a filter to reduce the number of fine particles floating in the supernatant water.

JP-A-8-182990

According to the above-described configuration, it is certainly unnecessary to use a conventional filter having a mesh structure.However, when the flow rate is increased, the flocks are rolled up, and the flocs may be discharged together. It cannot be said that the intended purpose has been reliably achieved. Further, when the upper limit of the accumulation of flocs has been reached, they must be discharged, but during the discharge, the processing must be interrupted, which causes a problem that the work efficiency is reduced. In addition, the structure of the apparatus is complicated and expensive, and maintenance such as cleaning is troublesome. Since the above problems occur, it is not practical if the flow rate is large.

The technical problem of the present invention is to realize a turbid water treatment technique that can separate and purify water from fine flocs to large flocs with an extremely simple filter structure, focusing on such problems.

The technical problem of the present invention is solved by the following means. Claim 1 is that the filter material constituting the mesh of the filter is disposed singly or in a plurality at intervals in the flowing portion of the turbid water, and the flocs are adsorbed and grown to such an extent that an opening remains in the center of the mesh of the filter material. There is provided a filter means. The flowing portion of the turbid water is not limited to flowing water flowing from upstream to downstream, but also includes circulating water and a case where the turbid water flows while being stirred in a water tank, for example. Further, the arrangement direction and angle of the filter material are arbitrary, and the material and the size of the mesh can be freely set.

As described above, the filter material constituting the mesh of the filter is disposed singly or in a plurality at intervals in the flowing portion of the turbid water, and the flocs are grown by adsorption to such an extent that an opening remains in the center of the mesh of the filter material. When the filter means is used, the mesh of the filter material is narrowed by the attached flocks, but the filter functions as a filter having a finer mesh than the mesh of the filter material. In addition, when floc adheres and grows to the filter material to some extent, it is split by external forces such as water currents, and cannot grow any further.Therefore, an opening remains in the center of each mesh of the filter material. The problem of clogging of the means does not occur. In addition, the fine flocs are adsorbed and captured by the filter material or the flocs attached to the filter material by the cohesive force, and are prevented from passing therethrough. By means of the above filter means, it is possible to adsorb and capture fine flocs to large flocs, and act as multifunctional filter means. Further, flocs adhere and grow on the inflow side and the outflow side of the filter material, so that a larger amount of flocs can be captured.

In a second aspect of the present invention, in the turbid water distribution section, a filter material formed by adsorbing and growing flocs as described above is disposed substantially horizontally, and a partition wall is provided between a downstream side and a bottom portion of the filter material. The turbid water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a partition wall is provided between an upstream side of the material and the water surface. In this way, in the turbid water flow section, the filter material formed by adsorbing and growing the floc is arranged substantially horizontally, a partition wall is provided between the downstream side and the bottom portion of the filter material, and the upstream side of the filter material is provided. Since the partition wall is provided between the filter and the water surface, the turbid water flows upward from the lower side through the filter material in the horizontal state. Therefore, the floc which cannot pass through the filter material with the floc settles under the filter means, and only the fine floc passes through the filter means or is adsorbed and captured by the filter means.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a filter material formed by adsorbing and growing flocs as described above is arranged between the downstream side of the substantially horizontal filter material and the water surface. It is a filter structure of description. The standing angle is arbitrary, but usually stands in a vertical direction in many cases. As described above, the filter material formed by adsorbing and growing flocs is arranged almost vertically between the downstream side of the substantially horizontal filter material and the water surface, so that a total of two stages of filters are provided. As a result, the filtration of turbid water becomes more reliable and water can be purified efficiently. In addition, since the fine flocs that have passed through the horizontal filter are adsorbed and captured by the vertical filter, there is substantially the same effect as providing the vertical filter with a finer mesh than the horizontal filter.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, at a downstream position distant from the substantially horizontal filter material, the filter material formed by adsorbing and growing flocs as described above is disposed upright from the bottom toward the water surface. The turbid water treatment device according to claim 2. This vertical filter material may be provided in two or more stages. As described above, the filter material formed by adsorbing and growing flocs is arranged upright from the bottom toward the water surface at an interval downstream from the substantially horizontal filter material. The filter material is made to have a sufficiently large area so that a large amount of filtration can be efficiently performed. Further, if the mesh of the vertical filter material at the subsequent stage is made finer, finer flocs or flocs that have passed through the filter device at the preceding stage can be filtered, and a highly reliable filter device can be obtained. The floc blocked by the vertical filter means at the subsequent stage settles on the bottom in front of the vertical filter means.

The filter material constituting the mesh of the filter is arranged singly or in a plurality at intervals in the turbid water flowing portion, and the floc is adsorbed and grown to such an extent that an opening remains at the center of the mesh of the filter material as in claim 1. When the filter means is used, the mesh of the filter material is narrowed by the attached flocs, but the filter material functions as a filter having a finer mesh than the mesh of the filter material. In addition, when floc adheres and grows to the filter material to some extent, it is split by external forces such as water currents, and cannot grow any further.Therefore, an opening remains in the center of each mesh of the filter material. The problem of clogging of the means does not occur. In addition, the fine floc is adsorbed and captured by the filter material or the floc attached to the filter material by the cohesive force, and is prevented from passing therethrough. By means of the above filter means, it is possible to adsorb and capture fine flocs to large flocs, and act as multifunctional filter means. Further, flocs adhere and grow on the inflow side and the outflow side of the filter material, so that a larger amount of flocs can be captured.

As in claim 2, in the turbid water flow section, a filter material formed by adsorbing and growing flocs is disposed substantially horizontally, and a partition wall is provided between a downstream side and a bottom portion of the filter material. Since a partition wall is provided between the upstream side and the water surface, the turbid water flows upward from the lower side through the filter material in the horizontal state. Therefore, the floc which cannot pass through the filter material with the floc settles under the filter means, and only the fine floc passes through the filter means or is adsorbed and captured by the filter means.

As described in claim 3, since the filter material formed by adsorbing and growing flocs is disposed almost vertically between the downstream side of the horizontal filter material and the water surface, a total of two stages of filters are provided. As a result, the filtration of the turbid water becomes more reliable, and the water can be purified efficiently. In addition, since the fine flocs that have passed through the horizontal filter are adsorbed and captured by the vertical filter, there is substantially the same effect as providing the vertical filter with a finer mesh than the horizontal filter.

As in claim 4, the filter material formed by adsorbing and growing flocs is arranged at a position downstream from the substantially horizontal filter material so as to stand from the bottom toward the water surface. The length of the subsequent vertical filter material can be made sufficiently large, so that a large amount of filtration can be efficiently performed. Further, if the mesh of the vertical filter material at the subsequent stage is made finer, finer flocs or flocs that have passed through the filter device at the preceding stage can be filtered, and a highly reliable filter device can be obtained. The floc blocked by the vertical filter means at the subsequent stage settles on the bottom in front of the vertical filter means.

Next, an embodiment of how the filter means and the turbid water treatment apparatus according to the present invention are actually embodied will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the basic principle of the filter means according to the present invention. When the flocculant is mixed in the turbid water, the flocculant and the turbid matter are aggregated into floc 1 by the ion exchange action as shown in (1). However, they do not grow indefinitely by agglomeration. When they grow to a certain size, they collapse or break apart due to external forces such as the flow of turbid water.

The turbidity affected by the coagulant is not limited to the turbidity, but is adsorbed to anything, for example, on the wall surface of the water tank. Therefore, when a filter material is provided, it is also absorbed by the filter material. Therefore, in the case of the filter material 2 having a fine mesh as shown in (2), the suspended particles are adsorbed by the filter material 2 in a short time and grow into flocs 1 to cause clogging. Under such circumstances, conventionally, it has been considered that filter materials are not practically used in applications such as turbid water treatment using a coagulant.

However, in the present invention, the floc adsorbed on the filter material has a filter function by positively utilizing such a difficult-to-handle property of the floc that has been subjected to the flocculation treatment with the flocculant. That is, when the filter material is provided in the muddy water, the turbidity starts to adhere to the filter material 2 itself as shown in (3) during the beginning. Then, the next turbidity adheres to the turbidity attached to the filter material 2, and the turbid aggregates gradually grow due to the agglutination of the turbid materials. Even the aggregates that have grown are split by external forces such as water currents.

Since such an operation is repeated, in the case of a filter material having a large mesh, as shown in (4), a floc at a large distance from the filter material 2 and at a position far away from the filter material 2 is not affected by external force even if it is once absorbed and grown. Divided and separated. In this manner, the floc at a position far from the filter material 2 does not exert a centripetal force on the filter material 2, and the opening 3 remains open forever. As a result, if a filter material having a coarse mesh that does not cause the openings 3 to remain completely clogged is used, the openings 3 will remain in the flocks, thereby preventing the occurrence of clogging. Then, the opening 3 remains in the floc as described above, and the purified water and the floc smaller than this opening can pass through, so that it can function as a filter.

However, even if the floc is larger than the opening 3, the floc may be freely deformed and pass through the opening 3 because the floc is rich in flexibility. A further characteristic feature is that even a fine floc that can easily pass through the opening 3 is adsorbed and captured by the filter material 2 and the floc 1 adsorbed on the filter material 2 by the cohesive force. Therefore, as a result, it also functions as a fine mesh filter.

FIG. 2 et seq. Shows a turbid water treatment apparatus, which employs a filter means in which flocs are attached and grown on a filter material as described above. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the entire turbid water treatment apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

Turbid water to be treated is first supplied to the stirring tank 4 and stirred with the coagulant. Then, the sedimentation tank 5, the inflow tank 6, the static flow tank 7, the horizontal filter 8, the vertical filter 9, the downstream vertical filter 10, and the outlet 11 flow in this order. Numerals 12 to 14 are outlets of the deposited flocks.

The flow and treatment of the turbid water in this turbid water treatment device will be described in detail. First, when the coagulant is added to the turbid water flowing into the stirring tank 4 and the mixture is stirred, the coagulant overflows and stands still in the next sedimentation tank 5, so that the specific gravity increases due to large aggregation and growth. The flocs settle. This precipitate is drained from the outlet 12 from time to time or after treatment. On the other hand, the supernatant portion in the sedimentation tank 5 overflows into the next inflow tank 6 while containing floating flocs, and flows downward of the horizontal filter 8.

The water flow on the lower side of the horizontal filter 8 passes through the horizontal filter 8 as a quiet upward flow from below, and then passes sideways through the vertical filter 9. Since the horizontal filter 8 and the vertical filter 9 are initially only the filter material 2 of FIG. 1, most of the flocs pass through, but, for example, during a period of about 10 to 30 minutes, the flocculent force of the flocs causes Then, the flocs coagulate and grow, so that the filter material 2 is covered with the flocs 1 as shown in FIG. Then, since a coarse filter mesh is selected so that the opening 3 remains at the center of the flock of each cell, the opening 3 is finally maintained in a stable state even when turbid water continuously passes. It becomes.

As a result, the opening 3 acts as a mesh of the filter, and the flocs larger than the size of the opening 3 cannot pass through the ascending, are blocked and settle and deposit on the bottom. On the other hand, the fine flocs are further adsorbed and grow on the flocs which have been adsorbed and grown on the filter material 2. Therefore, fine flocs that can pass through the mesh of the filter are also captured. When the floc that has grown by being adsorbed on the filter material further grows and becomes enormous, the floc is separated by an external force such as a water flow, so that the floc settles and precipitates as a large floc.

The floc that has risen through the horizontal filter 8 is adsorbed by flocculation of the floc opening 3 of the next vertical filter 9 by cohesive force. Alternatively, it passes through the opening 3 and is absorbed by the next vertical filter 10. Large flocs separated from the opening 3 of the vertical filter 8 and flocs in the water tank 18 separated from the opening 3 of the horizontal filter 8 settle on the horizontal filter 8. However, since it is constantly receiving a rising water flow, it does not accumulate on the horizontal filter 8 and cause clogging. Therefore, the floc on the horizontal filter 8 grows into a uniform thick floc layer and functions as a thick filter, and does not hinder the rising water flow.

On the downstream side of the horizontal filter 8, the vertical filter 9 stands on the upper side, while the partition wall 19 is on the lower side, reaching the bottom 17. In addition, the upstream side of the horizontal filter 8 has a vertical partition wall 20, which reaches above the water surface L. Therefore, the water tank 18 between the horizontal filter 8 and the vertical filter 9 is completely separated from other water flows.

The floc that has passed through the opening 3 of the vertical filter 9 is adsorbed and grows on the floc of the opening 3 of the next finer filter 10 of the mesh. Then, the floc that has grown to its limit is separated by water flow and settles. Therefore, finally, only the fine particles that have passed without being captured by the final finest mesh flow out from the outlet 11 together with the water flow. This effluent does not mean that no turbidity remains, but it is not a problem because it has decreased below the reference value. In addition, unlike the vertical filter 9, the vertical filter 10 next to the vertical filter 9 in the water tank 18 extends to the bottom 17 of the processing tank and filters over a large area.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the state of the openings 3 of the vertical filters 9 and 10 (the same as the section taken along the line BB in FIG. 1 (4)), and the floc 1 adheres to the filter material 2 by cohesive force. The flocs grow on the inflow side and the outflow side of the water flow with respect to the filter material 2. In other words, the growth proceeds on both sides, so that a larger amount of fine flocs can be captured. In addition, since the openings 3 are formed between the respective filter materials 2 at locations where the centripetal force due to the cohesive force on the filter materials 2 does not reach, the flocs larger than the openings 3 are prevented from passing through and have their own weight. Settles. Needless to say, the present invention is effective as long as the turbid water has a flocculating action on the turbid particles.

In the illustrated device, the filter has a three-stage configuration of a horizontal filter 8 and a vertical filter 9, 10, but the number of stages is arbitrary. In addition, if the mesh of the filter material is made finer toward the downstream side so that the opening 3 remains in the center of the mesh, the chance of the floating flocs to encounter the filter material and the flocs attached to the filter material increases. The probability of capturing flocs is increased, and more reliable filtration is possible.

The large flocs that settle in each tank and accumulate on the bottom part 17 are discharged by opening the drain ports 12 to 14. When discharging in this way, large flocs deposited at the bottom are discharged first, and finally, the supernatant is drained, but in this case, it adheres to the filter material as described above and becomes large. The grown flocks are also separated from the filter material and discharged. However, since a certain amount of floc remains on the filter material itself, the filtering operation by the opening 3 can be started in a short time from the next time without having to wait until the opening 3 is formed.

As is clear from the plan view of FIG. 2, each of the filters 8, 9, 10 and the partition walls 19, 20, 21 and the like naturally reach the front and rear side walls 22, 23 in FIG. . And although it may be welded and fixed to the front and rear side walls 22, 23, it may be a detachable structure. Further, it is not necessary to be vertically accurate, and it may be inclined in relation to a water flow or the like. The illustrated turbid water treatment apparatus is a box type having a width of 1 to 2 m, a total length of 3 to 6 m, and a height of about 1 to 2 m, and can be loaded on a trailer and moved. A pond for turbid water treatment may be dug at a source or the like to form the above-mentioned water stream directly on the ground.

As described above, the filter structure according to the present invention can prevent the filter from being clogged by utilizing the adsorption effect of the floc generated when coagulating the turbid substance using the flocculant, and the fine floc is applied to the filter. Since the method of adsorption and capture is employed, turbid water treatment is performed smoothly and reliably. Therefore, environmental pollution can be prevented beforehand, and the spread of turbid water treatment using a flocculant is promoted, and the activation of related industries can be expected.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a basic principle of a filter structure according to the present invention. It is a top view of the whole turbid water treatment device. It is AA sectional drawing in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the vertical filter material to which flock has adhered.

Explanation of reference numerals

1 Agglomeration (flock)
2 Filter material 3 Opening 6 Inflow tank 7 Static flow tank 8 Horizontal filter 9 Vertical filter 10 Vertical filter 11 Outlets 12-14 Outlet

Claims (4)

The filter material constituting the mesh of the filter is arranged singly or in a plurality at intervals in the flowing portion of the turbid water, and the floc is grown by adsorption to such an extent that an opening remains in the center of the mesh of the filter material. Filter means. In the turbid water flow section, the filter material obtained by adsorbing and growing flocs as described above is disposed substantially horizontally, a partition wall is provided between the downstream side and the bottom portion of the filter material, and the upstream side of the filter material is provided. The turbid water treatment device according to claim 1, wherein a partition wall is provided between the turbid water surface and the water surface. The turbid water treatment according to claim 2, wherein a filter material formed by adsorbing and growing flocs as described above is arranged between the downstream side of the substantially horizontal filter material and the water surface. apparatus. 3. A filter material formed by adsorbing and growing flocs as described above, wherein the filter material is disposed upright from the bottom toward the water surface at a downstream position distant from the substantially horizontal filter material. 3. The turbid water treatment device according to 1.

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