JP3091406U - Earphones without conductive hearing impairment and shock noise - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To develop an earphone that can listen to beautiful music as well as a conventional earphone and that does not cause the middle ear conduction function to be destroyed by impact noise and reduce the middle ear hearing. Aim. Another object of the present invention is to enable the ear to simultaneously sense other external sound sources besides the sound emitted by the earphones inside the main body, thereby avoiding danger. An "earphone without conductive hearing impairment and impact noise" of the present invention includes an earphone main body and a speaker installed in an internal acoustic room. The front part of the main body has an earplug that can be hung between the tragus and the antitragus, and the rear part has a cover part having a hollow acoustic chamber. A conductor is provided at the bottom for conducting current, a speaker is provided in the hollow acoustic chamber in the cover, and a plurality of mesh holes are provided on a peripheral surface thereof. The audio output part of the speaker and the earplug part of the case body are back-to-back with each other.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a kind of earphone that is free of conductive hearing impairment and impact noise. The direction of the sound wave output by the speaker in the earphone is located inside the ear canal. It is not directly conducted to the eardrum and the middle ear is directly impacted by the sound pressure, causing conductive hearing impairment. It refers to something that can be protected from damage.

[0002]

[Prior art]

Voice is a physical quantity that is transmitted as energy, and the sound that can be transmitted farther away has higher energy (for example, the sound of a thunder or a pistol). For this reason, the energy contained in the voice is generally represented by a logarithm, and the decibel (dB) is used as a unit for measuring the volume of the voice. But decibels are relative, not absolute. That is, the strength of two voices is compared. Therefore, when we say how many decibels a voice is, it means how many times the reference value. Therefore, when measuring the hearing ability with an audiometer, changing from 0 decibel to 60 decibel means increasing the energy of voice by 10 ⁶ times. However, 60 decibels is not a very loud sound, it is just a loud voice from a distance.

[0003] In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the structure of the human ear is the outer ear 10, the middle ear 20, and the inner ear 3 Divided into 0. Of these, the outer ear 10 has an earring 11, an anti-earring 12, an auricle 13, an instep. The adult external ear canal 1 is composed of the interposition 14, the antitragus 15, the tragus 16 and the external ear canal 17. The length of 7 is about 24 mm. The eardrum 171 is located on the innermost side of the ear canal 17, The membrane 171 separates the external auditory meatus 17 and the middle ear 20. The middle ear 20 is the outer ear 10 and the inner ear 30. It is a drum room in the middle of. In the tympanic chamber, there are a malleus 21, a incus 22 and a stapes 23. There, the distal end of the malleus 21 is buried in the eardrum 171. As shown in Figure 2 The body of the malleus 21 has a short leg 221 and a long leg 222, and the short leg 221 is a tympanic chamber wall. It is in close contact with the surface and the end of the long leg 222 is connected to the upper part of the stapes 23, The end has a pedal shape.

[0004] In addition, the inner ear 30 has a vortex tube (Cochlea) 31 and a maze 32. The fire tube 31 controls the human hearing and the maze 32 controls the sense of balance. Two elaborate The major organs are lined with a bony sac and lymphoid on the outer layer. It covers the wind pipe 31 and the maze 32. These lymphs are just like airbags When the head vibrates violently, it can be protected. That is, the spiral pipe 31 And the maze 32 floats in the lymph. In addition, the inside of the Uzumaki tube 31 is on the front yard , Drum Room, Uchimaki Duct (Cochlear duct) And contains lymph. Approximately 30,000 cells are found in the nerve epithelial cells in the vortex tube 31. Contains ciliated cells. Furthermore, one oval window 33 and a round window are formed on the wall of the tympanic cavity of the middle ear 20. 34 is open and the oval window 33 is closed by the pedal-like end of the stapes 23, The inner surface and the vestibular floor 311 of the vortex tube 31 are in contact with each other, and the vortex tube 31 is a small bone. It is possible to receive the sound pressure transmitted by. Round window 34 is the sound transmitted from the tympanic chamber of the middle ear 20, which contacts the tympanic chamber 312 of the vortex tube 31. Can receive voice.

[0005] Furthermore, after the sound pressure is transmitted from the ear canal 17 to the eardrum 171, a part of the sound pressure is transmitted to the ear canal 17. It is reflected, and a part of it enters the middle ear 20 through the eardrum 171. Part of the sound pressure in the middle ear 20 From the malleus 21 and the incus 22 to the stapes 23 (hereinafter, the malleus 21, the incus 22 and the stapes) The structure composed of the bones 23 is called an auditory ossicle) and the elliptical window 33 And enters the vortex tube 31 of the inner ear 30. Other sound pressure is in the air of the tympanic cavity It directly enters the vortex tube 31 of the inner ear 30 through the round window 34. In other words, the sound pressure is transmitted by the ear When followed, it enters the inner ear 30 by following two paths. However, hearing in the ear of a healthy person The sound that enters the elliptical window 33 from the ossicles is transmitted by the air in the tympanic cavity and enters the round window 34. More efficient and important than voice. This is when the sound pressure in the middle ear 20 tympanic chamber is transmitted, When it is transmitted by air and enters the lymph fluid of the vortex tube 31 through the round window 34, the sound pressure of 99.9% of the energy is consumed, or it is reflected on the surface of lymph and it is 0 ． This is because only 1% of the energy is transferred to the spiral tube by lymph.

[0006] Therefore, in a normal situation, the most efficient sound pressure transmission path is from the eardrum 171. It is transmitted to the elliptical window 33 through the auditory ossicle structure. However, the sound pressure is 2 When transmitted to the 3 terminal and hitting the elliptical window 33, the sound pressure exceeds the lymph fluid that cannot be directly compressed. Eh, enter the spiral tube 31 (At this time, the sound pressure energy is consumed or reflected on the liquid surface. However, at this time, the lymph fluid containing the sound pressure is ciliated in the spiral tube 31. Move the cell to move or bend. This movement changes the mechanical pressure within the sound pressure to the electrochemical It is converted into a pulse, this pulse enters the auditory cortex from the auditory nerve, and the person recognizes the tonality. Can be perceived.

As described above, the human ear becomes auditory by the movement of cilia cells. In other words, hearing is caused by a very small movement of the ciliated cell body. For this reason, not only is the human ear very sensitive, but the sense of sound is also very wide. Generally, the range of frequencies that can be recognized by human 20～20,000Hz, intensity ^{10 -12 ~10 2 W / m 2} , the sound pressure is less than 1 80 dB. However, not all sounds are suitable for the human ear. When hearing a sound in an inappropriate range (generally, a sound pressure of 90 dB or more is noise), some hearing is likely to be impaired. Workers in factories exposed to industrial noise of 90 dB or more for a long period of time, without protective equipment (earplugs, earphones, etc.), have a hearing loss rate of 25% after several years. The ciliated cells in the ear move or curve under the sound pressure stimulation of the industrial noise and move to an environment where the noise cannot be heard, and the current state is restored after a certain time. However, with the passage of time, the resilience of ciliary movement decreases, and the hearing ability of the inner ear gradually decreases. Further, hearing impairment due to this type of noise belongs to Perceptive Hearing Loss. Another type of hearing loss was a tympanic membrane rupture or structural damage to the auditory ossicles, resulting in sound pressure entering the middle ear 20, mostly due to a head hit or a very short impulse noise (Impulse Noise). At this time, the sound pressures in the elliptical window 33 and the round window 34 in the vestibule cancel each other out, resulting in a loss of hearing. This type of loss of conduction function in the middle ear is called Conductive Hearing Loss. Hearing impairment due to the loss of middle ear transmission function has been remarkably increasing in recent years, especially among young people who prefer portable music players.

[0008] As is well known, speakers of general audio equipment or speakers in earphones should be Driven by electric current, the paper box and diaphragm in the front cone of the speaker vibrate back and forth. To do. Due to such front and rear vibrations, sound and music are generated from the speaker. this Complex physical phenomena occur only with simple back-and-forth movements of the species. That is, the speaker When the paper box and the vibrating membrane reciprocate back and forth, the air in front of Molecules become dense and become high pressure air. However, after the above-mentioned back-and-forth reciprocating motion occurs, Air molecules in the vicinity become lean and become low pressure air. The air molecule body has characteristics. Or This property doesn't like being compressed like humans. Because of this, compressed air Is elastic, and the energy generated by the speaker is pushed further It has the characteristic of Therefore, when the speaker reciprocates back and forth, Air molecules move back and forth by the energy pushed by the speaker. This species The energy that sends the sound is called "sound pressure".

[0009] In other words, the energy transfer of voice is a continuous coupling of high pressure space and low pressure space. The force space, like waves, has high crests and low troughs, constantly advancing forward. here As you can see, the sound emitted by the speaker is completely driven by the sound pressure and People in different places can listen to the sound of the speaker or beautiful music. It

[0010] Furthermore, the sound emitted by the speaker depends on the transmission method and the frequency of the speaker. There is a difference in the state of spraying. In other words, for the bass part of the voice, Has no direction, but when bass is emitted, it is transmitted slowly in all directions . For this reason, the position of the super bass speaker should be chosen more carefully than for regular speakers. No need. On the other hand, for high-pitched sounds, the direction of travel is similar to that of laser light. It is similar to a straight line, and the installation direction of the treble alone constitutes a reflection plane, and the sounds cancel each other out. You need to avoid rubbing. In other words, when a speaker emits tones, its transmission The sound pressure exerted is the same in all directions. But in front of the speaker Will always receive the two impacts of sound pressure and treble. Because of this, When you hear heavy metal or fast-paced music through the speakers, it clearly shakes feel.

[0011] For this reason, the speaker will be more emptied of the voice or music signal converted by vibration. It radiates in the middle and forms a so-called sound field. Because of this, we are relatively strong in the sound field. If you receive a strong sound pressure, it will be shaken violently, and even if you receive a weak or soft sound pressure become unable. However, within the shaking range of the sound field, we have the obstacles. I can't feel it. Sound pressure in the sound field, regardless of any music or voice Have been shocked. In other words, there is a difference in size or strength, but in the earphones Each type speaker has a sound field range.

[0012] There are two types of conventional earphones: earplug type (closed type) and ear cover type. This kind of earphone also has a speaker installed near the entrance of the ear canal. That speed The eardrum in the external auditory meatus is located in front of the car, and the ears directly emit the sound and sound emitted by the speaker. I am listening to music. However, this type of transmission system is such that You can feel the highest sound quality in the range, but the sound pressure generated by the speaker is speedy. It is constantly shaking between the car and the eardrum. Also, because the ears feel the same Requires that the sound pressure emitted by the earphones be 10 dB higher than that of ordinary speakers. As a result, the ear loses or loses the transmission function of the middle ear due to large sound pressure and constant impact noise. It is easy to lose and causes hearing loss.

[0013]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

The inventor has a doctor's license and many years of experience in the medical world. In recent years, hearing loss Patients receiving medical examination due to loss tend to be younger. Most of the causes are mobile Middle ear transmission dysfunction caused by a music player. For this reason, the inventor Finally, the impact noise generated by the speaker in the earphone is caused by the structure of the eardrum and the auditory ossicle in the middle ear. It was discovered that it was the main cause of destroying the structure. Therefore, it is as beautiful as before In addition to listening to music, the conduction function of the middle ear is destroyed by impact noise, which reduces the hearing ability of the middle ear. It was an object of the present invention to develop an earphone that does not.

[0014]   Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of "conductive hearing loss and impulsive noise free It is to provide Yahoo! In addition to the sound emitted by the earphones inside the main body, Other sources of sound can be sensed by the ears at the same time, so when something happens in the surroundings, You can quickly recognize it, and in the outside world until it is detached from the ear like a conventional earphone Avoid situations where you don't notice what happened.

[0015]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

  The “earphone without conductive hearing loss and impact noise” of the present invention is an earphone book. It consists of speakers installed in the body and the acoustic room inside. Of which There is an ear plug part that can be hung between the tragus and antitragus in the front part of the main body, the rear part Inside, there is a cover with a hollow acoustic chamber. For conducting current at the bottom There is a conductor, and a speaker is installed in the hollow acoustic chamber in the cover part, There are a plurality of mesh holes on the peripheral surface. Audio output part of speaker and earplugs of case body It is characterized in that the parts are back to back.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

  FIGS. 4 to 6 show a preferred embodiment of the “earphone without conductive hearing impairment and impact noise” of the present invention. A new example is shown. Speakers of the earphone body 40 and the acoustic room 43 installed inside -50. Of these, the tragus 16 of the ear and the antitragus are provided on the front portion of the main body 40. There is an earplug part 41 that can be hung between 15 and a hollow acoustic inside the rear part. There is a cover 42 having a chamber 43. At the bottom is a conductor 60 for conducting current, In addition, one speaker 50 is installed in the hollow acoustic chamber 43 inside the cover 42. There is. A plurality of mesh holes 44 are formed on the peripheral surface thereof. Speaker 50's The sound output portion and the earplug portion 41 of the main body 40 are installed back to back.

[0017]   That is, the speaker 50 in the main body 40 is connected to the antitragus 15 through the mesh hole 44. When outputting music (sound), the sound pressure is absorbed and repelled by the tragus 15, The whole falls within the sound field range of the speaker. At this time, its sound quality and susceptibility are There is no difference with the phone, and the sound pressure of the music (sound) directly impacts the eardrum 171 of the ear canal 17. At the same time avoiding accidental and momentary impact noise during music playback. It is possible that the transmission function of the middle ear 20 is deteriorated or the transmission of hearing loss occurs. Absent.

[0018] FIG. 7 shows another example of the “earphone without conductive hearing impairment and impact noise” of the present invention. An example of is shown. It consists of the main body 70 and the speaker 50 installed inside. It On the front part of the main body 70, hang it between the tragus 16 and the antitragus 15, Can be attached closely to. There is a hollow acoustic chamber 71 inside, and a speaker 50 is installed. Has been done. There are a plurality of mesh holes 72 on the outer peripheral surface. For current conduction at the bottom There is a conductor 60, and the sound output part of the speaker 50 and the front part of the main body 70 are back to each other. It is installed together.

[0019] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the speaker 50 in the main body 70 outputs music (sound). At that time, the sound pressure is repelled by the inner wall of the main body 70, and the whole ear through the mesh hole 72. Enter the sound field range of the speaker 50. At this time, the sound quality and susceptibility of the The sound pressure of music (sound) directly impacts the eardrum 171 of the ear canal 17. At the same time avoiding accidental and momentary impact noise in music playback It does not impair the transmission function of the middle ear 20 or cause transmissible hearing loss. Yes.

[0020] As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the present invention further includes an earplug ring 80 installed on the bottom of the body 40. including. The earplug ring 80 is hung between the tragus 16 and the antitragus 15 on the upper portion thereof. There is a hook portion 81 and a fixing portion 82 at the bottom, and the main body 40 has a height by the fixing portion 82. Can be adjusted.

[0021]

【The invention's effect】

As described above, the present invention has at least the following advantages. For sounds of the same frequency, you can minimize the sound pressure received by your ears. The same sound quality and sensitivity as those of the conventional earphone can be obtained. Avoid direct impact noise on the ear canal of the human ear, protect the middle ear transmission function, Long-term use by earphone users does not cause transmissive hearing impairment. When using the present invention, in addition to the sound output from the speaker inside the main unit, You can sense other sources of sound (sound) at the same time, so you can see what's happening around you. Recognize immediately and avoid danger. [Brief description of drawings]

[Figure 1] Cross section of human ear structure

[Fig. 2] Combination diagram of malleus, incus and stapes in the middle ear

[Figure 3] Illustration of the outer ear

[Figure 4] Explanatory drawing in which the present invention is mounted between the tragus and the antitragus

[Figure 5] Front view of the present invention

[Figure 6] Side surface local sectional view of the present invention

[Figure 7] Sectional drawing of the main body in another Example of this invention.

[Figure 8] Three-way explanatory view of the earplug ring of the present invention

[Figure 9] Explanatory drawing of the state which combined this invention and the earplug ring

[Explanation of symbols]

  10. Outer ear   11. Earring   12. Anti-earring   13. Pinna   14. Kosuke   15. Antitragus   16. Tragus   17. Ear canal   171. eardrum   20. middle ear   21. Mallet   22. Incus   23. Stapes   221. Short leg   222. Long leg   30. inner ear   31. Uzumaki tube   32. maze   33. Oval window   34. Round window (40), (70) Case body   41. Ear plug   42. Cover (43), (71) Sound room (44), (72) mesh holes   50. speaker   60. Lead wire   80. Earplug ring   81. Hook part   82. Fixed part

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An earphone main body and a speaker installed in an acoustic room inside the earphone main body, of which the front portion of the main body has an earplug portion that can be hung between the tragus and the antitragus, and the rear portion thereof. There is a cover part having a hollow acoustic chamber, a conducting wire for current conduction is installed on the bottom part, there is one speaker in the hollow acoustic chamber in the cover part, and a plurality of mesh holes are formed in the surrounding surface. In addition, a kind of earphone without conductive hearing loss and impact noise, characterized in that the sound output part of the speaker and the earplug part of the main body are back to back. 2. An earphone main body and a speaker installed inside, the front part of the main body can be hung between the tragus and the antitragus, can be closely attached to the concha, and have a hollow acoustic inside. There is a room, holding a speaker, multiple mesh holes on the outer peripheral surface, a current conducting wire installed on the bottom, the acoustic output part of the speaker and the front part of the main body are back to back A kind of earphones without conductive hearing impairment and impact noise, which is characterized by 3. The bottom of the main body further includes an earplug ring,
The conductive hearing hearing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the earplug ring has an upper portion with a hook portion that can be hooked between the tragus and the antitragus, and has a fixing portion at the lower portion. Earphones with no obstacles or shock noise.