JP3088245U - Hydraulic cylinder - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (Modified) [Problem] To provide a piping system for connecting a plurality of oil outlets / inlets provided in a hydraulic cylinder to a hydraulic pressure generating source and an oil passage switching mechanism interposed in the piping system. For the sake of simplicity, a hydraulic cylinder is provided with a solenoid valve for switching an oil passage integrally with the hydraulic cylinder. . A plurality of oil outlets / inlets (20a, 20b) provided in a cylinder (11) for moving a piston forward and backward are provided.
An electromagnetic valve 20 for supplying and shutting off the pressurized oil is integrated with the cylinder. A plurality of pistons may be incorporated in a cylinder in a cylinder.
When multiple gripping claws jointly grip a waste material, etc., an excessive concentrated load is applied to some of the gripping claws on the hydraulic cylinder,
It is also characterized in that a backward movement preventing mechanism for preventing the piston 13 of the rotating hydraulic cylinder from being pushed back is incorporated.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

[Technical field to which the invention belongs]

 The present invention relates to a hydraulic cylinder suitable for use as a drive source for rotating a gripping claw up and down, for example, of a type called an "orange grapple" for cargo handling work such as industrial waste.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 as an embodiment of the present invention, the schematic configuration of the above-described gripping device for cargo handling will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the gripping device A includes a caterpillar. Is attached to the tip of a work arm E attached to the self-propelled vehicle D in a hanging manner. Alternatively, it may be mounted on an overhead traveling crane or the like.

As shown in FIG. 2, the gripping device A includes a vertically long block-shaped main body 3, and a connecting portion 4 for connecting to a working arm E is provided at an upper end thereof. A disc-shaped electromagnet 1 is attached to the lower end of the main body 3, and small arms 5 are protrudingly provided at six locations on the outer periphery thereof at equal intervals. Each small arm 5 is connected to the gripping claw 2 at a fulcrum point near the base end thereof by a pin. The hydraulic cylinder 100 is provided between the base end of the gripping claw 2 and the upper end of the main body 3. Each hydraulic cylinder 100 and a hydraulic pressure source mounted on the mobile vehicle D are connected via hydraulic piping or a pressure-resistant hose (not shown).

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

 Although not shown, in the conventional gripping device, the rotatable range of each gripping claw is a gripping release position (see FIG. 2), which is flipped up to a substantially horizontal direction, and each gripping claw is completely closed. Position (see FIG. 7). For this reason, when using an electromagnet to suck iron scraps, if the gripping claws that hinder the object are flipped up almost horizontally, each gripping claw that projects laterally around the outer periphery of the electromagnet becomes a hindrance. However, iron chips located near the retaining wall of the waste stock yard or near the point where the wall was bent inward at a right angle could not be sucked.

[0005] Alternatively, when a plurality of gripping claws jointly grip a hard and irregular shaped waste material, an excessively concentrated load is excessively applied to some of the gripping claws, and a piston of a hydraulic cylinder for rotating the same is used. Has come back and sometimes fails to grasp waste materials.

In order to eliminate such inconveniences, it is necessary to make each gripping claw so as to be able to jump up from a horizontal state to a rising state. In addition, it is conceivable to incorporate a retraction preventing mechanism for preventing the piston from retreating during the gripping operation into the hydraulic cylinder.

However, even if such a mechanism for raising each gripping claw or a mechanism for preventing the piston from retreating is devised, the supply of hydraulic pressure to a plurality of oil outlets / inlets provided in each hydraulic cylinder is required for that purpose. -If the overall configuration of the oil passage switching system that controls the shutoff becomes complicated, the production cost of the gripper and the maintenance and inspection costs of the device will increase significantly.

[0008] In addition to the above-described hydraulically operated gripping device, various hydraulically operated machines that can perform a required series of operations using a plurality of hydraulic cylinders are not limited to each hydraulic cylinder. If the piping system connecting to the hydraulic pressure source and the oil passage switching mechanism interposed in this piping system can be simplified as much as possible, the effect is extremely large.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to simplify a piping system for connecting a plurality of oil outlets / inlets provided in a hydraulic cylinder to a hydraulic pressure generating source and a switching mechanism of an oil passage interposed in the piping system. For this purpose, a solenoid valve for switching oil passages is integrated with the hydraulic cylinder. For example, the drive source for the gripper of a gripper for cargo handling work of the type called "orange grapple" To provide a hydraulic cylinder suitable for use as a hydraulic cylinder.

[0010]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above object, the hydraulic cylinder according to the present invention has a solenoid valve that controls supply and shutoff of pressurized oil to a plurality of oil outlets and inlets provided in the cylinder for moving the piston forward and backward. , And are integrally assembled with the cylinder. A plurality of pistons may be incorporated in the cylinder in a cascade.

The hydraulic cylinder is provided with a plurality of gripping claws for gripping industrial waste and the like and an electromagnet for attracting iron scraps and the like. In the case of a hydraulic cylinder, when a plurality of gripping claws jointly grip waste material, an excessive concentrated load is applied to some of the gripping claws, and the piston of the hydraulic cylinder for rotating the hydraulic cylinders A retraction prevention mechanism is incorporated to prevent pushing back. The retraction prevention mechanism includes a free piston housed at the base end of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder, and a free piston housed at the tip end for gripping. A drive piston with a piston rod connected to the pawl, and a normally closed valve that controls the supply and cutoff of hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic port on the back side to move the free piston forward from the base end of the cylinder by a predetermined distance. Type solenoid valve and its When using the gripper, open the normally closed solenoid valve for a short period of time and move the free piston forward before starting the operation, and then close the normally closed solenoid valve. When the valve is locked to the forward position and the gripping claw that is in the way is rotated to the rising state to use the electromagnet, the normally closed solenoid valve is kept open and normally closed. The type solenoid valve is characterized in that it is integrally mounted on a cylinder in order to simplify the overall configuration of the oil passage switching system.

[0012]

[Embodiment of the invention]

 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention applied to a hydraulic cylinder for assembling with a gripping device for cargo handling work of industrial waste and the like will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the above-described gripping device A is connected to the tip of a working arm E attached to a self-propelled vehicle handle D having a caterpillar. The gripping device A may be suspended from an overhead traveling crane or the like.

As shown in FIG. 2, the gripping device A includes a vertically long block-shaped main body 3 serving as a mounting base for the gripping claws 2 and the electromagnet 1. At the upper end of the main body 3, there is provided a connecting portion 4 for detachably connecting to the tip of the working arm E.

A disk-shaped electromagnet 1 is attached to a lower end of the main body 3. Small arms 5 are protrudingly provided at six equally spaced locations on the outer periphery of the electromagnet 1 in a radial arrangement. A first connecting pin 6A is attached to the tip of each small arm 5. The gripping claw 2 has a pin hole provided at an intermediate position spaced from the base end by a predetermined distance, and the first connection pin 6A is fitted in the pin hole.

A second connecting pin 6 B is attached to a base end of the gripping claw 2. Reference numeral 100 denotes a hydraulic cylinder for rotating the gripping claw 2 up and down, and includes a cylinder 11 and a piston rod 14 as described later. The proximal end of the cylinder 11 is connected to a third connecting pin 6C mounted on the upper part of the main body 3, and the distal end of the piston rod 14 is connected to the second connecting pin 6B.

Next, the structure of the hydraulic cylinder 100 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In the cylinder 11 of the hydraulic cylinder 100, a free piston 12 having no piston rod is provided on the base end side (right end side in the figure), and a driving piston 13 connected with a piston rod 14 is provided on the distal end side in tandem. I put it in the form.

The inner diameter of the cylinder 11 is such that a predetermined length portion near the base end is larger than a tip side portion. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, a step portion 11a is formed on the inner wall surface of the cylinder 11 at the boundary between the small diameter portion and the large diameter portion. The outer peripheral surface of the free piston 12 has its large-diameter portion on the base end side slidably contacted with the large-diameter portion of the cylinder 11 and the small-diameter portion on the distal end side slidably contacted with the small-diameter portion of the cylinder 11. ing.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a disc-shaped recess is provided on the inner surface of the end face block 11 b on the base end side of the cylinder 11, and a hydraulic port (for moving the free piston 12 forward) is provided. An oil outlet / inlet a) is formed. As shown in FIG. 9, a cylindrical hydraulic port (oil outlet / inlet) b for moving the free piston 12 backward is formed behind the step portion 11a of the cylinder 11. . Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the free piston 12 is provided with a through hole c penetrating the axis thereof, and the through hole c is provided with an oil feed pipe projecting inward at the center of the end face block 11b. 15 is loosely fitted in a liquid-tight state.

On the other hand, the drive piston 13 to which the piston rod 14 is connected is loosely fitted to the small diameter portion inside the cylinder 11. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the rear end face of the drive piston 13 is recessed in a disk shape, and a hydraulic port d for forward movement of the drive piston 13 is formed between the drive piston 13 and the front end face of the free piston 12. I have. Also, by reducing the diameter of the distal end portion of the drive piston 13, a cylindrical hydraulic port e for retreating the drive piston 13 is formed at the reduced diameter portion as shown in FIG. I have to.

The surface area of the hydraulic port d is smaller than that of the hydraulic port a on the free piston 12 side. Therefore, when the free piston 12 and the drive piston 13 are moved forward, the drive piston 13 first moves forward after the free piston 12 first moves forward.

Reference numerals 21 and 22 denote hydraulic pipes (hoses) for operating the hydraulic cylinder 100. Each of the upstream sides (the right side in the figure) is provided with a hydraulic pressure generating source via an oil path switching electromagnetic valve (not shown). It is connected to. As shown in FIG. 3, the downstream end of the hydraulic pipe 21 is connected to a lower end of a laterally T-shaped oil passage f provided in the end block 11b of the cylinder 11. The oil passage f communicates with the base end of the oil feed pipe 15.

A normally closed solenoid valve 20 is provided above the end block 11b. The oil inlet 20a communicates with the oil passage f, and the oil outlet 20b communicates with the hydraulic port a. The normally closed solenoid valve 20 and the free drive piston 12 constitute a hydraulic cylinder back-stopping mechanism according to the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the downstream end of the hydraulic pipe 22 communicates with a hydraulic port b for the free piston 12 and a hydraulic port e for the drive piston 13.

Next, the operation of the gripping device A will be described. First, the operation of picking up industrial waste or the like using a total of six gripping claws 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 6, and 7. FIG. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the hydraulic cylinder 100 is completely retracted. At this time, the gripping claws 2 are turned upward until they become substantially horizontal.

When the piston rod 14 is gradually advanced from this state, the gripping claw 2 starts to rotate downward as shown in FIG. Then, when the forward movement is completed, as shown in FIG. 7, the tips of the six gripping claws 2 gather at one point, and the six gripping claws 2 work together to completely remove the waste material and the like. It is in a state of being caught.

From this state, the work arm E is operated to lift the gripping device A, move it to a predetermined position, and then retreat each hydraulic cylinder 100, as shown in FIG. Each gripping claw 2 returns to a completely open state in order to release the gripping.

Next, the operation of picking up iron scraps and the like using the electromagnet 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 8 to 10. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, the electromagnet 1 cannot be effectively used in a state where each gripping claw 2 projects below the magnetic attraction surface 1a of the electromagnet 1. In addition, when the iron dust to be magnetically attracted is located near a retaining wall of a work place or a corner of a wall that is bent inward at a right angle, as shown in FIG. In addition, each of the gripping claws 2 opened sideways to use the electromagnet 1 becomes an obstacle, and the electromagnet 1 cannot be brought to a position immediately above the iron scrap.

In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to rotate each gripping claw 2 upward until it becomes a standing state, as shown in FIG. However, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, when the hydraulic cylinder 100 has been retracted, the first connecting pin 6A serving as the fulcrum of the gripping claw 2 is positioned above the axis X of the hydraulic cylinder 100. (See FIG. 8). Therefore, even if there is room for the hydraulic cylinder 100 to be further retracted, the gripping claw 2 cannot be further rotated upward.

However, in the gripping device A, when the hydraulic cylinder 100 has completed the retreating operation, the tip of the gripping claw 2 is positioned slightly below the magnetic attraction surface 1 a of the electromagnet 1 as shown in FIG. The mounting positional relationship is set in advance so as to place them. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, a gap g is left between the magnetic attraction surface 1a and the flat surface H when the tip of the gripping claw 2 is in contact with the flat surface H such as the ground.

Then, from this state, the magnetic attraction surface 1a is brought into contact with the flat surface H as shown in FIG. 9 by the weight of the gripping device A1. Then, the tip of the gripping claw 2 already in contact with the flat surface H is forcibly pushed upward. Thereby, the axis X of the hydraulic cylinder 100 can be moved inside the first connection pin 6A as shown in FIG.

In such a state, as can be understood from FIGS. 9 and 10, the hydraulic cylinder 100, which has completed the retreat operation, is moved forward to move each gripping claw 2 upward to the rising state. Can be rotated.

By the way, as described above, when a hard and irregular shaped waste material is grasped by the six grasping claws 2, an excessive concentrated load is applied to some of the grasping claws 2. The piston rod 14 of the hydraulic cylinder 100 for rotation sometimes moves backward without being able to withstand this load. In some cases, the remaining number of gripping claws 2 alone cannot completely grip the waste material.

In order to prevent such inconvenience, the hydraulic cylinder 100 of the gripping device A is provided with a mechanism for preventing the piston rod 14 from retreating. Therefore, the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 100 will be described below.

First, when performing work using only the gripping claws 2 of the gripping device A, the normally closed solenoid valve 20 is energized and opened before starting the work. At this time, the free piston 12 has been moved to the retracted position as shown in FIG. With the energization, as shown in FIG. 4, the hydraulic pipe 21 and the hydraulic port a are communicated via the open normally closed solenoid valve 20.

Therefore, the free piston 12 moves forward to a position where the free piston 12 is prevented from moving forward by the step 11 a provided on the cylinder 11. Accordingly, the communication between the hydraulic port b and the hydraulic pipe 22 is cut off. When this state is reached for a while after the energization of the normally closed solenoid valve 20, the energization of the normally closed solenoid valve 20 is stopped to close the valve. In this state, the communication of the hydraulic port a with the hydraulic pipe 21 is cut off, so that the hydraulic port a whose internal volume is expanded with the opening of the valve closes the inlet / outlet of the pressurized oil and is free. The piston 12 is in a state where the backward movement is prevented.

Therefore, the use of the gripping claws 2 may be started in the same manner as the conventional gripping device. At this time, the hydraulic port d on the forward movement side of the drive piston 13 to which the piston rod 14 is connected communicates with the hydraulic pipe 21 via the oil supply pipe 15 and the oil passage f, and the hydraulic port e on the reverse movement side is connected to the hydraulic port e. It communicates with the pipe 22.

During the gripping operation of the gripping claws 2, as described above, if an excessive concentrated load is applied to some of the six gripping claws 2, an excessive concentrated load is applied. Even if the piston rod 14 of the second hydraulic cylinder 100 is forced to retreat, the pressurized oil trapped in the expanded hydraulic port a causes the free piston 12 and the drive piston 13 to retreat by hydraulic pressure. In the state that the cushion action is applied, it surely blocks. Thus, the intended purpose is achieved.

Next, when it is desired to rotate each gripping claw 2 upward to the rising state in order to use the electromagnet 1, the normally closed solenoid valve 20 is energized to open the valve, and the free piston 12 is retracted. If the power is turned off after the movement, the free piston 12 is locked in the retracted position shown in FIG.

Although the pressurized oil is used as the working medium of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention, another kind of pressurized fluid such as compressed air may be used. In addition, the use of the hydraulic cylinder 100 according to the present invention is not limited to the above, and the utility can be utilized by assembling it with other various hydraulic operating devices.

[0040]

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, the hydraulic cylinder according to the present invention is provided with, for example, a plurality of gripping claws and electromagnets, and is a hydraulically operated gripping device used for cargo handling work such as industrial waste. In this case, excellent practical effects can be obtained as listed below, as compared with conventional devices of the same type. (A) In the conventional device, when a plurality of gripping claws jointly grip a waste material or the like, a concentrated load is applied to some of the gripping claws, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder for rotation is pushed back. In this case, there was a problem that it was not possible to grasp it properly. However, this problem is solved by the function of the backward movement prevention mechanism incorporated in the hydraulic cylinder. (B) It is necessary to provide a retraction prevention mechanism for each hydraulic cylinder, and the inconvenience of the overall configuration of the oil passage switching system is complicated. By doing so, it can be greatly reduced. (C) Not only for the hydraulically operated gripping device but also for various other hydraulically operated devices, if the solenoid valve for switching the oil passage is combined with the hydraulic cylinder and placed, the entire configuration of the oil passage switching system is reduced. It can be significantly simplified. (D) The maintenance and inspection of the oil passage switching system becomes easier, and the production cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which a hydraulic cylinder according to the present invention is used as a drive source of a gripping claw of a hydraulically operated gripping device used for cargo handling work of industrial waste and the like, and a work vehicle equipped with the gripping device. It is a sketch of.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing the gripping device in a state in which the gripping claws are opened substantially horizontally.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the hydraulic cylinder in a state where the hydraulic cylinder is retracted.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the hydraulic cylinder in a state where the backward movement prevention mechanism is operated.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the hydraulic cylinder in which the gripping claws are in a gripping operation state.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the gripping device with the gripping claws being closed.

FIG. 7 is a front view in a state where the gripping claws are completely closed.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a state in which the hydraulic cylinder for rotating the gripping claw is retracted to use an electromagnet, and the tip of the gripping claw is brought into contact with a flat surface such as the ground.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing a state where the magnetic attraction surface of the electromagnet is grounded by the weight of the gripping device.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a state in which the gripping claw is raised upward by operating the hydraulic cylinder forward.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List A Grasp device D Self-propelled vehicle E Work arm H Flat surface 100 Hydraulic cylinder X Hydraulic cylinder shaft core line 1 Electromagnet 1a Magnetic attraction surface 2 Gripping claw 3 Main body (mounting base) 4 Connecting part 5 Small arm 6A First connecting pin 6B First 2 connecting pin 6C third connecting pin 11 cylinder 11a stepped portion 11b end block 12 free piston 13 drive piston 14 piston rod 15 oil feed pipe 20 normally closed solenoid valve 20a oil inlet 20b oil outlet 21,22 hydraulic pipe a, b, d, e Hydraulic port (oil outlet / inlet) c Through hole f Oil passage

Claims (3)

[Utility model registration claims] An electromagnetic valve for supplying and shutting off pressurized oil to and from a plurality of oil outlets and inlets provided in a cylinder for moving a piston forward and backward is integrated with the cylinder. A hydraulic cylinder characterized in that: 2. The hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of pistons are incorporated in the cylinder in a cascade. 3. A hydraulically operated gripper having a plurality of grippers for gripping industrial waste and an electromagnet for attracting iron scraps and the like, for rotating each gripper up and down. In the hydraulic cylinder, when a plurality of gripping claws jointly grip a waste material, an excessive concentrated load is applied to some of the gripping claws,
In order to prevent the piston of the hydraulic cylinder for rotation from being pushed back, a backward movement preventing mechanism is incorporated, and the backward movement preventing mechanism includes a free piston housed at a base end side in the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder, Supplying hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic port on the back side of the drive piston equipped with a piston rod that is housed at the distal end and has a piston rod to be connected to the gripper, and that moves the free piston forward a predetermined distance from the base end in the cylinder It is equipped with a normally closed solenoid valve for shutting off and its opening / closing means.When using the gripper, open the normally closed solenoid valve for a short time and move the free piston forward before starting the operation. After that, close the normally closed solenoid valve to lock it in the forward position, and use the electromagnet to keep the normally closed solenoid valve open when rotating the gripping claw that is in the way to the upright position. So that Normally closed solenoid valves, in order to simplify the overall structure of the oil passage switching system, a hydraulic cylinder, characterized in that integrally assembled to the cylinder.