JP3083166U - Stair block and construction structure of stairs using it - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To provide a stair block capable of easily building a stair in a short time on a mountain slope such as a river, and a stair building structure using the same. A staircase block having upper and lower surfaces, a sloping slope, and a riser surface, a protruding portion provided on a lower surface, and a concave groove provided on an upper surface. Consists of By simply stacking the projecting portions 20 of the upper block in the concave grooves 22 of the block and fitting the projecting portions 20 of the block into the concave grooves 22 of the lower block, it is possible to perform on-site striking. Stairs can be built easily and quickly without the need for concrete.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

[Technical field to which the invention belongs]

 The present invention relates to a staircase block for stairs constructed on a slope such as a river or a road side, and a construction structure of stairs using the same.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Conventionally, stairs have been constructed on slopes such as rivers and roadsides. As shown in FIG. 17, a stair block 100 used for these stairs has a tread surface 102 on the upper surface, a lower surface, and an installation state. And a rising surface 104 serving as a front surface of the rear surface. As shown in FIG. 17, the staircase block 100 has a substantially rectangular shape in a side view, for example, a height of about 20 cm to 30 cm, a depth of the tread surface 102 of about 30 cm, and a width of about 1 m to several meters. For example, the weight of each piece is often several hundred kg. The tread surface 102 is sloped so as to form a slightly downward slope from the holding surface side to the rising surface side. An L-shaped step 108 is formed in a portion of the side where the tread surface 102 and the control surface 106 of the stair block 100 intersect, that is, the upper right end corner of the block in the figure. The step 108 is formed so that the lower end of the riser surface 104 of the upper staircase block is installed when the blocks are stacked. On the lower left side of FIG. 17, a stiffening block 109 having a stepped portion in which an upper right corner is cut out in an L-shape on a block stacked from the foundation concrete provided below the figure. Is formed.

In order to construct stairs on a slope such as the side of a river using the stair block 100, first, a leveling concrete 112 or a crushed cut stone is used on a horizontal portion of the ground 110 on the side of the consolidation block 109. 114 is formed, and backing concrete 112 or cut crushed stone is cast along the slope of the ground. Next, the first staircase block 100 is placed on the leveling concrete 114 while aligning the lower end of the riser surface 104 of the staircase block 100 with the step portion of the consolidation block 109. Next, a formwork is installed in the gap between the retaining surface 104 of the stair block 100 and the backing concrete 112, and the concrete 116 for loading the mixed concrete is leveled to the position of the step 108 of the stair block 100. Pour the water and allow time for the concrete to harden. Further, the backing concrete 112 or crushed stone for the next step is poured along the slope of the ground. Then, a stair block for the next step is suspended by a heavy machine, and the lower end of the riser surface 104 of the stair block is aligned with the step 108 of the existing lower stair block, and the lower surface of the block is filled with concrete 116. Place it on the ground so that it touches the ground. The stairs were constructed by repeating the work of installing a formwork in the gap between the retaining surface 106 of the stacked stair block 100 and the backing concrete 112, pouring concrete 116, and allowing a curing period until it hardens. It was something to go.

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

 However, as described above, each time the stair block 100 is stacked one step, the conventional stair block 100 is driven by placing the backing concrete 112 or crushed stone, setting the formwork, pouring the stuffed concrete 116, This required a long curing period, which required a long construction time and complicated work for constructing the stairs, requiring a large number of people and labor, and also increased the work cost.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems. One of the objects is to reduce the work of casting concrete at the time of construction of stairs, simplify the work process, reduce labor, and reduce work time. An object of the present invention is to provide a staircase block capable of significantly reducing the manufacturing cost and maintaining the manufacturing cost at low cost, and a staircase construction structure using the same. Another object of the present invention is to provide a strong staircase block which has a very simple structure while maintaining a large withstand pressure, and a staircase construction structure using the same.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a staircase block 10 having upper and lower surfaces 12 and 14, a sloping slope 16 which is disposed in close contact with a slope on the ground 30 side, and a rising surface 18. The lower surface 14 of the staircase block 10 is provided with a projecting portion 20 projecting downward to fit into the concave groove of the lower block, and the upper surface 12 thereof is fitted with the projecting portion of the upper block. The staircase block 10 is characterized in that a concave groove 22 is provided.

Further, the tread surface 24 of the staircase block 10 may be formed in a rectangular shape, and the contour on the depth end side may be set as it is as the upper end line of one of the stepped walls of the concave groove 22. .

Further, the width in the depth direction of the protruding portion 20 on the lower surface 14 of the staircase block 10 is the same as the depth width of the tread surface 24, and the lower portion of the rising surface 18 forms the front end of the protruding portion 20. It may be set so as to be performed.

In addition, the sloping slope 16 of the staircase block 10 may be sloped upward from the lower end to the upper end.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides another block in which the projecting portion 20 and the concave portion (22) of the staircase block 10 according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are vertically arranged. And a stair construction structure formed by shifting the front end side to the ground 30 side so as to form the tread surface 24 of the lower stairs while being fitted into the recessed portion (22) and the projecting portion 20 of the stairs. You.

Further, a concave groove 22 may be formed on the upper surface side in which the lowermost staircase block 10a is fitted at least into the projecting portion 20 of the upper block 10.

The uppermost staircase block 10 b may have a projecting portion 20 projecting downward at least on the lower surface side to be fitted in at least the concave groove 22 of the lower block 10.

[0013]

[Embodiment of the invention]

 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIGS. 1 to 4 show a staircase block 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the staircase block 10 has upper and lower surfaces 12 and 14 and a slope on the ground side. It has a sloping slope 16 and a riser face 18 which are closely arranged, and is integrally formed of concrete. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the staircase block 10 has a rectangular shape in plan view and a substantially trapezoidal shape in side view, and has uneven portions on the upper surface 12 and the lower surface 14, respectively. That is, the lower surface 14 of the staircase block 10 is provided with a projecting portion 20 projecting downward, which fits into the groove of the lower block, which is staggered when building the stairs. The upper surface 12 is provided with a concave groove 22 for fitting into the projecting portion of the upper block. In the embodiment, the width of the stair block 10 is formed to be, for example, about 1 m to several meters, but the dimensions of the stair block 10 correspond to the slope or width of the stairs corresponding to the slope of the ground or the construction site. Is set arbitrarily. In this embodiment, a case will be described where stairs are constructed on a slope having a slope of 1: 1.5 in the ground, but 1: 0.5, 1: 1, 1: 2, and any other slope May be.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the staircase block 10 is roughly divided into a staircase portion 23, a constricted body portion 25, and a holding portion 27. The stair portion 23 includes a rising surface 18 provided vertically on the front side, which is a surface directly facing a person ascending the stairs, and an upper end side perpendicular to the rising surface 18 and rising upward. And a tread surface 24 provided horizontally in the depth direction that is the stepping direction when a person climbs the stairs. A projecting portion 20 is formed in the depth direction from the lower end of the rising surface 18, and a step-down position 29, which is an end on the depth direction side of the treading surface 24 from the rising surface 18, and a projecting portion 20 on the depth direction side of the projecting portion 20. The step portion 23 is constituted by a rectangular block portion up to the surface connecting the stepped position 31 which is the end portion. In addition, a concave groove 22 is provided horizontally in the depth direction from the lower end of the step-down position 29 which is the terminal position of the tread surface, and further, the step-up position 31 which is the terminal position in the depth direction of the lower protruding portion 20 is formed. A ground surface 28 is provided horizontally in the depth direction from the upper end, and a surface at a step-up position 33 which is an end on the depth direction side of the groove 20 from a surface connecting the step-down position 29 and the step-up position 31, that is, A rectangular portion narrowed and narrower than the upper and lower surfaces of the step portion 23 up to the broken line C is defined as a constricted body 25. Also, a mounting surface 26 provided horizontally on the upper surface from the upper end of the step-up position 33, a recessed slope 16 inclined upward from the lower side to the rear surface, and a ground surface 28 on the lower surface. A substantially right-angled trapezoidal block portion connected in the depth direction with respect to the broken line C where the portion is formed is defined as the retaining portion 27.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the upper surface 12 of the staircase block 10 has a tread surface 24 serving as a tread surface at the time of building the stairs, and a protruding portion of the above-described upper staircase block. It comprises a concave groove 22 and a mounting surface 26 on which another staircase block arranged on the upper stage is mounted. The tread surface 24 is, for example, a surface on which a foot or the like lands when a person goes up or down the stairs. The tread surface 24 is on the upper surface side of the stair portion 23 and has a horizontal depth of 300 mm in a depth direction which is a stepping direction at the time of climbing. It is provided in. The mounting surface 26 is on the upper surface side of the retaining portion 27, has a depth of, for example, 330 mm, and is provided horizontally on the same plane as the tread surface 24 (see FIG. 2). The concave groove 22 is located on the upper surface side of the constricted body 25, and is recessed in a substantially U-shape in a side view at a position sandwiched between the tread surface 24 and the mounting surface 26, and has a depth of, for example, 50 mm. In this embodiment, the width of the concave groove 22 in the depth direction is set to the same length as the tread surface 24, for example, 300 mm. As a result, when the stair blocks 10 are stacked, the male and female mating state of the upper block and the lower block of the block is secured, and in particular, the pressure in the thrust direction due to earth pressure or water pressure from the ground side. A very strong stairway can be constructed without slipping and maintaining a very high pressure resistance. In addition, in order to improve the scenery, flat natural stones such as iron flat stones may be provided in the block in the surface of the tread surface 24 so as to be integrally formed. At that time, as shown in the figure, since the contour line on the depth end side of the tread surface 24 is set as it is as the upper end side of the one step-down wall of the concave groove 22, iron flat stone etc. The boundary between the treads becomes the boundary between the tread surface and the concave groove, and it can be easily manufactured. As shown in FIG. 8, the tread surface 24 is not limited to be horizontal, and may be provided with a downward slope toward the riser surface 18 side.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the riser surface 18 is formed vertically on the front side of the step portion 23 and has a height of, for example, about 250 mm. As described above, the lower end of the riser surface 18 forms the front end side of the projecting portion 20. In this embodiment, for example, 50 mm from the lower end of the riser surface 18 is the front end surface of the protruding portion 20 and fits into the lower groove at the time of building the stairs, so that the actual rise at the time of building the stairs is about 200 mm. . Further, in order to improve the scenery, a flat natural stone such as iron flat stone may be provided in the block on the surface of the riser surface 18 so as to be integrally formed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the retaining slope 16 is formed on the rear side of the retaining portion 27 in accordance with the slope of the ground so as to be able to adhere to the slope of the ground. It is inclined in a rising shape toward. This eliminates cast-in-place concrete such as back-filled concrete and body-filled concrete, and allows the construction of stairs in close contact with the ground simply by stacking stair blocks 10, reducing labor and greatly shortening the construction period. And can be constructed at low cost.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, the lower surface 14 of the staircase block 10 is fitted into the ground surface 28 that is grounded to the lower block and the above-described concave groove of the lower staircase block. It comprises a projecting portion 20 projecting downward. In this embodiment, the width in the depth direction of the concave groove 22 of the protruding portion 20 of the lower surface 14 is the same as the depth width of the tread surface 24, and the lower portion of the riser surface 18 defines the front end of the protruding portion 20. Is set to form. As shown in the figure, the grounding surface 28 is formed on the lower surface side of the constricted body portion 25 and has the same depth as the mounting surface 26, for example, 330 mm, and extends to the lower surface side of the retaining portion 27. It is provided in. . The protruding portion 20 is located directly below the tread surface 24, that is, below the stair portion 23, protrudes downward by 50 mm, for example, from the ground surface 28, and is formed horizontally with the same width as the depth width of the tread surface 24, for example, 300 mm. Have been. As a result, the thickness of the retaining portion 27 of the staircase block 10 can be formed with a certain width, so that the solid staircase block 10 that does not easily collapse during block formation, during and after construction of the staircase, or the like. It is possible to form a stair having a solid structure that can be formed and does not slide when the stair blocks 10 are stacked and built, and can withstand the earth pressure of the ground, the thrust of water, and the like.

Next, a structure of a staircase using the staircase block 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 5, a foundation concrete 34 is provided on a foundation stone 32 at the lower front side of a ground 30 such as a river, and a concrete block 36 is kneaded with a concrete body 38 on the foundation concrete 34. Leveling concrete 40 is formed on them. The depth and presence of these works are optional depending on the site.

The stair block 10 is a concrete secondary product that is integrally molded in a factory, and is transported to the site after the molding and is executed. As a result, there is no cast-in-place operation on the staircase body, which greatly simplifies the construction work, greatly shortens the work time, saves labor and reduces costs. Also, stairs can be constructed by arbitrarily selecting a staircase block according to the gradient of the ground 30. Further, in order to improve the scenery when constructing the stairs, flat natural stones such as iron flat stones 42 may be integrally provided on the surface of the tread surface 24 and the rise surface 18 as shown in FIG. After arranging stones in a molding form and flowing adhesive, etc., concrete is poured from above to form blocks in which iron slabs are embedded. At this time, since the contour line on the depth end side of the tread surface 24 is set as the upper end line of the one step-down wall of the concave groove 22, the iron flat stone or the like can be easily arranged and molded easily.

When the stairs are built, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the chestnut stones 44 are spread along the slope of the ground 30, and the lowermost staircase block 10 a is placed on the leveling concrete 40. As shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, the lowermost staircase block 10a has substantially the same configuration as that of the above-described staircase block 10, and has at least a recess fitted into the projecting portion 20 of the upper-stage staircase block 10. The groove 22 is formed on the upper surface 12 side. On the other hand, the lower surface 14 of the lowermost staircase block 10a is formed flat without any protruding portion. The entire lower surface 14 of the lowermost staircase block 10a is leveled and brought into contact with the concrete 40, and the sloping slope 16 is placed in close contact with the ground 30.

Then, the next staircase block 10 is suspended by, for example, a heavy machine, and as shown in FIG. 6, the protruding portion 20 of the next staircase block 10 is fitted into the concave groove of the lowest staircase block 10a. Stack up to match. At this time, the mounting surface 26 of the existing stair block 10a and the ground surface 28 of the next stair block 10 are in contact with each other, the slope 16 is tightly attached to the ground 30, and the front side of the block forms the tread surface of the stairs. Built to be. Similarly, the stepped portion 20 of the staircase block 10 and the recessed portion of another block in which the recessed portion is disposed vertically and the stepped surface of the lower stairs are formed while being fitted to the projecting portion 20. The construction is performed while shifting the front end side to the ground 30 side.

This operation is repeated to build an arbitrary number of steps, and the stair block 10b is stacked on the uppermost step. As shown in FIGS. 13 to 16, the uppermost staircase block 10b has substantially the same configuration as the staircase block 10, and has at least a downwardly projecting protrusion that fits into the groove of the lower block. An installation portion 20 is provided on the lower surface side. On the other hand, the upper surface 12 of the uppermost staircase block 10b does not have a concave groove, and the entire surface is formed in a planar shape. The projecting portion 20 of the uppermost staircase block 10b is piled up so as to fit into the concave groove 22 of the lower staircase block 10, and the stairs as shown in FIG. Is constructed. As a result, stairs can be easily constructed, work can be reduced, work can be performed in a short time and at low cost, blocks can be prevented from sliding, and water can be prevented from entering and exiting the staircase structure. A solid staircase structure that can withstand the thrust force and the like caused by such factors will be constructed. Further, when the stairs are constructed on the ground 30 having a gradient of 1: 1.5 with the step block 10 having the above-mentioned dimensions, the length D of the ground 30 and the front line E of the step may be 35 cm, which is the construction rule. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a partition wall 46 may be provided on the side surface of the stairs. Providing the partition wall 46 can stabilize the staircase block.

The staircase block 10 of the present invention and the construction structure of the stairs using the same are not limited to the above-described embodiment, and do not depart from the essence of the present invention described in the claims for utility model registration. In, arbitrary modifications may be made. For example, the shape and dimensions of the stair block, for example, the height of the riser surface 20 and the depth of the tread surface 24 are not limited to those described above, and may be set arbitrarily. The backing concrete may be cast along the slope of the ground 30 to adjust the length. For example, when lining concrete is poured from the ground to the broken line F shown in FIG. 5 and the retaining side of the stair block becomes thin, the depth of the tread surface 24 and the protruding portion 20 are not the same. Alternatively, for example, as shown by a broken line G in FIG. 5, the rear ends of the concave groove 22 and the protruding portion 20 may be formed to have a narrow width toward the tread surface 24. As a result, the thickness of the block can be sufficiently increased, and a decrease in the strength of the block can be prevented. In addition, if the upper and lower blocks of each step are fixed and connected with, for example, a clamp pin, a drop pin, a bolt and a nut, etc., a more robust staircase is constructed. When fixing the side surface of the stairs with a clamp pin or the like, a partition wall 46 or the like may be provided to close the gap with concrete so that the pin or the like is not visible.

[0025]

[Effect of the invention]

 As described above, according to the staircase block of the present invention, the staircase block has the upper and lower surfaces, the sloping slope that is disposed in close contact with the slope on the ground side, and the rising surface, and the lower surface of the staircase block has Is provided with a downwardly protruding projection that fits into the groove of the lower block, and a concave groove that fits into the protrusion of the upper block. When the stairs are constructed, the blocks are not fitted to the upper and lower blocks of the stairs, and the blocks do not slide in the thrust direction. In addition, for the main part of the stairs, cast-in-place concrete can be eliminated, and the construction period can be significantly reduced. In addition, it can be constructed with simple work, does not require a large number of personnel, can reduce labor, and can keep work costs low.

Further, the tread surface is formed in a rectangular shape, and the contour on the depth end side is set as it is as the upper end line of one step-down wall of the concave groove, so that the tread is improved to improve the scenery. In the case where iron slabs and the like are integrally provided on the surface, the slabs can be easily arranged at the time of manufacturing, and the stair block can be easily formed at the time of factory manufacturing.

[0027] Furthermore, the width in the depth direction of the protruding portion on the lower surface is the same as the depth width of the tread surface, and the lower portion of the riser surface is set to form the front end of the protruding portion. However, the thickness of the stair block on the retaining side can be made sufficiently large, and a solid stair block can be formed that does not collapse when forming the block, during construction of the stairs, or after construction. Also, blocks can be easily molded during factory manufacturing.

[0028] Also, since the retaining slope is inclined upward from the lower end to the upper end, it is possible to construct a stair that is in close contact with the ground simply by stacking blocks, thereby reducing on-site concrete and reducing construction time. It is greatly shortened, can be constructed with simple work, does not require a large number of personnel, reduces labor and can reduce work costs.

Further, according to the construction structure of the staircase of the present invention, the projecting portion and the recessed portion of the staircase block according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are arranged in a row of the recessed portions of another block in which the staircase block is vertically arranged. The front end side is shifted toward the ground side so as to form the tread surface of the lower stairs while being fitted to the installation part, so that the stairs are fitted with the upper and lower blocks of the stairs block when building the stairs Since the blocks do not slide in the thrust direction, it is possible to construct solid staircases that can withstand earth pressure and flood damage and are hardly collapsed, while reducing the amount of cast-in-place concrete and significantly shortening the construction period. In addition, it can be constructed with simple work, does not require a large number of personnel, can reduce labor, and can keep work costs low.

Further, since the lowermost staircase block has at least a concave groove formed on the upper surface side to be fitted to the protruding portion of the upper block, the staircase block is placed on, for example, a leveling concrete at the time of building the stairs. The upper blocks can be stacked so as to fit on the blocks, so that the blocks do not slide, and a solid staircase that can withstand earth pressure and flood damage can be constructed.

In addition, since the uppermost staircase block has at least a downwardly projecting projecting portion on the lower surface side that fits into the concave groove of the lower block, the lowermost step is formed while forming the uppermost surface of the staircase when the stairs are constructed. Since the blocks can be stacked and mounted so as to fit into the staircase block, the block does not slide and a solid staircase that can withstand earth pressure, flood damage, and the like can be constructed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a staircase block according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a staircase block.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory plan view of a staircase block.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory bottom view of a staircase block.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory side view of the construction structure of the stairs of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the construction of a staircase.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory perspective view of a construction structure of a staircase.

FIG. 8 is a side view of another form of the staircase block.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a lowermost staircase block.

FIG. 10 is a side view of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an explanatory plan view of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is an explanatory bottom view of FIG. 9;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the uppermost staircase block.

FIG. 14 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory plan view of FIG. 13;

FIG. 16 is an explanatory bottom view of FIG. 13;

FIG. 17 is an explanatory side view of a conventional staircase construction structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Staircase block 10a Lowermost staircase block 10b Uppermost staircase block 12 Upper surface 14 Lower surface 16 Sloping slope 18 Rising surface 20 Projecting part 22 Groove 24 Tread surface 30 Ground mountain

Claims (7)

[Utility model registration claims] 1. A stair block having upper and lower surfaces, a sloping slope which is disposed in close contact with a slope on the ground side, and a rising surface, and a lower surface of the stair block is fitted into a groove of a lower block. A staircase block characterized by having a downwardly projecting protruding portion that fits therewith, and a top surface provided with a concave groove that fits into the protruding portion of the upper block. 2. The staircase block according to claim 1, wherein the tread surface is formed in a rectangular shape, and a contour line on a depth end side thereof is set as an upper end line of one step-down wall of the concave groove as it is. 3. The projecting portion on the lower surface has a width in the depth direction that is equal to the depth width of the tread surface, and the lower portion of the riser surface is set to form a front end of the projecting portion. Or the staircase block described in 2. 4. The staircase block according to claim 1, wherein the sloping slope is inclined upward from the lower end to the upper end. 5. The lower stairs of the staircase block according to claim 1, wherein the projecting portions and the recessed portions of the staircase block according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are fitted into the recessed portions and the projecting portions of another block arranged vertically. A staircase construction structure constructed by shifting the front end side to the ground side so as to form a tread surface. 6. The construction structure of a staircase according to claim 5, wherein the lowermost staircase block has at least a concave groove formed on the upper surface side so as to be fitted to the projecting portion of the upper block. 7. The construction structure of a staircase according to claim 5, wherein the uppermost staircase block has a projecting portion projecting downward at least into the concave groove of the lower block on the lower surface side.