JP3082528B2 - Heat pump type air conditioner for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle heat pump type cooling / heating apparatus suitable for an electric vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A heat pump type refrigeration cycle is used for a cooling and heating device of an electric vehicle or the like (see, for example, JP-A-63-103727). FIG. 8 shows a configuration of a vehicle drive device and a cooling / heating device of a conventional electric vehicle. The electric vehicle is equipped with a high-voltage battery 1 normally charged to a high voltage of 70 to 350 V and a low-voltage battery 2 charged to 12 V or 24 V.
Charging device 3 is AC100V, 200V, or 400V
The AC voltage of V is converted to a DC voltage, and the high-voltage battery 1 is charged. The high-voltage power charged in the high-voltage battery 1 is supplied to a vehicle drive unit and an air conditioning unit of an electric vehicle via a fuseless circuit breaker 4.

[0003] The vehicle driving device of the electric vehicle is constituted by an inverter using the high voltage power of the high voltage system battery 1 as a power source. The timer relay 5 is a relay for controlling an inrush current flowing into the DC link capacitor 6 of the inverter at the time of starting. Immediately after startup, first, the relay contact 5a of the timer relay 5 closes, supplies high voltage power of the battery 1 to the capacitor 6 via the resistor 5r, and suppresses an excessive rush current flowing to the capacitor 6 by the resistor 5r. . After a predetermined time, the timer contact 5b of the timer relay 5 is closed, and the high voltage power of the battery 1 is directly transferred to the capacitor 6 without passing through the resistor 5r.
Supply to At this time, since the potential of the capacitor 6 has risen sufficiently, an excessive rush current does not flow. In addition,
Timer relay 5 and capacitor 6 constitute a DC link circuit.

The DC / DC converter 7 is connected to the DC link 11L of the vehicle drive motor inverter 11, and converts the high voltage power of the DC link 11L into low voltage power to supply power to the low voltage system battery 2. The ignition key switch 8 is a switch that opens and closes in conjunction with the ignition key of the vehicle, and closes when the ignition key is operated during traveling. The relay 9 is turned on when the ignition key switch 8 is closed, and the contact 9a is closed.
The vehicle drive motor control device 10 controls the vehicle drive motor inverter 11 and the timer relay 5 to drive the vehicle drive motor 12. Air conditioning controller 13
Controls the air conditioning compressor driving device 14 to drive the air conditioning compressor 15. Charge state detection device 16
Is a device that detects whether or not the charging device 3 is moving. During charging, the charging device 3 sends a charging signal to the vehicle drive motor control device 10 to prohibit the vehicle from running. The air conditioner switch 28 is an operation switch for operating the cooling / heating device.

Next, a description will be given of a method of operating the vehicle drive device and the air conditioner of the electric vehicle shown in FIG. Prior to traveling, the high-voltage battery 1 is charged by the charging device 3. When the charging of the high-voltage battery 1 is completed, the charging device 3 is disconnected from the high-voltage battery 1 and the circuit breaker 4 is turned on. When the ignition key is operated, the ignition key switch 8 is closed, the relay 9 is turned on, and the contact 9a is closed. Thus, the low-voltage power of the low-voltage battery 2 is supplied to the vehicle drive motor control device 10 and the air conditioning control device 13. The timer relay 5 is turned on by the operation of the vehicle drive motor control device 10, and the high voltage power of the high voltage
Inverter 1 for vehicle drive motor via link circuit
1 and the vehicle drive motor 12 is driven. When the air-conditioning switch 28 is closed, the air-conditioning control device 13 is operated.
Is driven.

FIGS. 9 and 10 are flowcharts showing the operation of the air conditioner shown in FIG. The operation of the air conditioner will be described with reference to these flowcharts. Step S3
At 00, the process waits until the circuit breaker 4 is turned on, and when the circuit breaker 4 is turned on, the process proceeds to step S301. Step S
At 301, it waits until the ignition key is operated,
When the ignition key is operated and the ignition key switch 8 is closed, the process proceeds to step S302. In step S302, the relay 9 is turned on. In step S303, low-voltage power is supplied from the low-voltage battery 2 to the vehicle drive motor control device 10 via the relay contact 9a, and the vehicle drive motor control device 10 is started. Step S3
When the timer relay 5 is turned on by the vehicle drive motor control device 10 in step 04, the DC is determined in the following step S305.
/ DC converter 7 is supplied with high voltage power. In step S306, the low-voltage battery 2 enters a chargeable state. The chargeable state refers to a state where charging is performed by the DC / DC converter 7 as soon as the terminal voltage of the battery 2 becomes lower than the reference voltage. Step S3
At 07, the low-voltage power is supplied to the air-conditioning control device 13, and at step S308, the high-voltage power is supplied to the air-conditioning compressor driving device 14.

Next, the flow proceeds to step S309 in FIG. 10, and it is determined whether or not the air conditioner switch 28 has been turned on. If the air conditioner switch 28 has been turned on, the flow proceeds to step S310; otherwise, the flow proceeds to step S312. In step S310, it is determined whether or not the cabin is in a state where the air conditioning compressor 15 should be operated. For example, the air conditioner compressor 15 is not operated when the thermal environment in the vehicle interior is almost comfortable for the occupant, such as in the spring or autumn, and when the air conditioner needs to be cooled or heated in the summer or winter, the air conditioner compressor is not operated. 15 is operated. If it is necessary to cool and heat the cabin, the process proceeds to step S311 to operate the air conditioning compressor 15, and if the cabin has a comfortable thermal environment for the occupant, the process proceeds to step S312 to stop the operation of the air conditioning compressor 15. Thereafter, the process returns to step S300 in FIG. 9, and the above operation is repeated.

[0008] By the way, electric vehicles have a lower energy storage capacity of the battery than gasoline or diesel vehicles, and therefore have the problem that the mileage per charge is shorter than the mileage per refueling of gasoline vehicles. is there. Therefore, when using an electric vehicle for commuting, if the commuting distance is long, the battery must be charged every day. As described above, since there are many opportunities to charge the electric vehicle, when the thermal environment in the vehicle compartment is significantly different from the thermal environment desired by the occupant, such as in summer or winter, the air conditioning system is activated before the occupant gets on board, 2. Description of the Related Art There has been proposed a heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle, which performs air conditioning in advance so that an appropriate temperature is reached when an occupant gets on the vehicle.

FIG. 11 shows a configuration of a conventional vehicle drive device of an electric vehicle and a cooling and heating device capable of performing pre-air conditioning. In addition,
The same reference numerals are given to the same devices as those shown in FIG. 8, and the description will focus on the differences. In the figure, the pre-air-conditioning device 31 is connected in parallel with the air-conditioning switch 28, and even when the ignition key switch 8 is in the open state and the relay 9 is turned off, the low-voltage-system battery 2 can supply low-voltage power to the air-conditioning control device 10. And automatically activates the air conditioning controller 13 in place of the air conditioner switch 28.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a part of the operation of the air conditioner shown in FIG. Since the operation is basically the same as that shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, only the pre-air conditioning operation will be described here. In step S401, it is determined whether or not the pre-air-conditioning device 31 has been activated and the air-conditioning control device 13 has been activated. If the pre-air-conditioning device 31 has been activated, the process proceeds to step S403. If not, the process proceeds to step S402. In step S402, it is determined whether or not the air conditioner switch 28 has been turned on. If the air conditioner switch 28 has been turned on, the process proceeds to step S403; otherwise, the process proceeds to step S405. Pre-air conditioning device 3
If the air conditioner 1 is not operating and the air conditioner switch 28 is not turned on, the process proceeds to step S405, and the air conditioning compressor 15 is stopped. When the preliminary air conditioner 31 is activated or the air conditioner switch 28 is turned on,
In step S403, it is determined whether or not the thermal environment in the vehicle compartment is in a state in which the air-conditioning compressor 15 should be operated as described above. If it is in a state in which the air-conditioning compressor 15 should be operated, the process proceeds to step S404 to operate the compressor 15, otherwise. Step S
Proceeding to 405, the compressor 15 is stopped.

[0011]

However, in the conventional vehicular heat pump type air conditioner provided with the above-described pre-air-conditioning device, when a passenger operates an ignition key to enter a running state, a low voltage system of 12 V or 24 V is required. The power supply is stopped once, and then the power supply is restarted. Due to the power failure of the low-voltage power supply at the time of operating the ignition key, the initialization of the vehicle drive motor control device 10, the air conditioning control device 13, the preliminary air conditioning device 31, and the like is performed. As a result, the operating air-conditioning compressor 15 is stopped for pre-air-conditioning, and the refrigeration cycle is also stopped while a high-pressure and low-pressure differential pressure is applied. Thereafter, when the refrigeration cycle is restarted with the restoration of the low-voltage power supply, the load torque increases due to the differential pressure applied to the refrigeration cycle, the air-conditioning compressor 15 cannot be restarted, and the differential pressure disappears. There is a problem that air conditioning must be interrupted for several minutes.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle, which shifts to a running state without interrupting the operation of the air conditioner in a pre-air conditioning state.

[0013]

The present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 showing the structure of a first embodiment. The present invention is based on the following. 6, an inverter 11 for the traveling drive motor
The present invention is applied to a vehicle heat pump type air conditioner used for an electric vehicle that supplies high voltage power to a vehicle. Then, a compressor drive circuit 1 for driving the air-conditioning compressor 15
4 and the air conditioner switch 2 from the low voltage system battery 22
An air-conditioning control circuit 13 for supplying low-voltage power via the compressor 8 and controlling the compressor drive circuit 14 and a low-voltage power supply from the low-voltage battery 22 to the air-conditioning control circuit 13 regardless of whether the air conditioner switch 28 is operated. Pre-air-conditioning control circuit 31 which operates in advance and air-conditions the vehicle compartment in advance, and converts low-voltage power to high-voltage power to convert the low-voltage battery 2
And a DC / DC converter 27 for charging the compressor drive circuit 14 and the compressor drive circuit 14 and the DC
/ DC converter circuits 25 and 30 for supplying high-voltage power to the DC / DC converter 27.
Achieve the above objectives.

[0014]

The cooling / heating device is supplied with high-voltage power from the high-voltage battery 1 via the air-conditioning power supply DC link circuits 25 and 30 provided separately from the traveling power supply DC link circuits 5 and 6. DC link circuit 2 for air conditioning power supply
Low-voltage power is supplied from the low-voltage battery 22 that is charged from the power supply 5 and 30 through the DC / DC converter 27. During the pre-air conditioning, the pre-air conditioning control circuit 31 sends the air conditioning control circuit 13
The low-voltage power is supplied to the air conditioner, the air conditioning control circuit 13 operates to activate the air conditioning compressor drive circuit 14, and pre-air conditioning of the vehicle interior is performed. Thereafter, even if the occupant operates the ignition key to enter the running state, the air conditioning control circuit 1
Since the low-voltage power is supplied to the switch 3 via the air conditioner switch 28, the air conditioning control circuit 13 is not initialized when the ignition key switch 8 is closed. Therefore, it is possible to shift to the running state without interrupting the operation of the cooling / heating device in the pre-air-conditioning state, and it is possible to maintain a comfortable thermal environment in the vehicle compartment.

In the section of the means for solving the above-mentioned problems and the operation which explain the constitution of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments are used to facilitate understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

[0016]

【Example】

-First Embodiment- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a first embodiment. It should be noted that the same devices as those of the conventional device shown in FIGS. In the first embodiment, a DC link circuit dedicated to a cooling / heating device is provided separately from a DC link circuit of the inverter 11 for a vehicle driving motor to supply a high voltage power supply to the air conditioning compressor driving device 14, and the cooling / heating device D
A DC / DC converter 27 dedicated to the cooling / heating device is connected to the C link circuit to convert high-voltage power to low-voltage power and charge the low-voltage battery 22 dedicated to the cooling / heating device. A low-voltage power is supplied from the low-voltage battery 22 to the air-conditioning control device 13 and the preliminary air-conditioning device 31.

A high-voltage power is supplied from the high-voltage battery 1 to a DC link circuit composed of a timer relay 25 and a DC link condenser 30 dedicated to a cooling and heating device via a fuseless circuit breaker 24.
When the timer relay 25 is in automatic operation, the DC
This is a relay for controlling the rush current flowing into the link capacitor 30. Immediately after startup, first the timer relay 25
Relay contact 25a is closed, and the high voltage power of the battery 1 is supplied to the capacitor 30 via the resistor 25r,
The rush current flowing to the capacitor 30 is suppressed to an appropriate current by the resistor 25r. After a predetermined time, the timer contact 25b of the timer relay 25 is closed, and the high voltage power of the battery 1 is supplied directly to the capacitor 30 without passing through the resistor 25r. At this time, since the potential of the capacitor 30 has risen sufficiently, a large current does not flow.

The DC / DC converter 27 dedicated to the cooling / heating device is connected to a DC link circuit dedicated to the cooling / heating device,
The high voltage of the DC link circuit is converted into a low voltage and the power is supplied to the low voltage battery 22 dedicated to the cooling and heating device. Relay 29
Is an air conditioner switch 2 for operating the air conditioner
When the circuit 8 is closed, it turns on and the contact 29a is closed.

When the preliminary air conditioner 31 is operated, low-voltage power can be supplied from the low-voltage battery 22 to the air-conditioning controller 13 regardless of whether the ignition key switch 8 and the air conditioner switch 28 are operated. If the occupant sets the pre-air conditioning device 31 so as to be in a predetermined heat environment at a predetermined time, the air conditioning control device 13 is operated by the pre-air conditioning device 31 when the air conditioning device operation time comes, and the air conditioning compressor driving device 14 The air conditioning compressor 15 is driven. When the occupant operates the ignition key in this state,
The vehicle drive motor control device 10 starts operating by the ignition key switch 8 and the relay 9, and the vehicle shifts to a running state. At this time, the cooling and heating device is supplied with power from the dedicated high-voltage power supply and the low-voltage power supply, respectively, so that the cooling and heating device continues to operate without interruption even if the vehicle shifts from the pre-air-conditioning state to the traveling state, A comfortable thermal environment can be maintained.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are flow charts showing the operation of the air conditioner of the first embodiment. The operation of the first embodiment will be described with reference to these flowcharts. In step S100, the process waits until the circuit breaker 4 is turned on. When the circuit breaker 4 is turned on, the process proceeds to step S101. In step S101, the preliminary air conditioner 31 is activated and the air conditioning controller 1
It is determined whether or not the air conditioner 3 has been activated. If the pre-air-conditioning device 31 is operating, the process proceeds to step S104, and a process for pre-air-conditioning is performed regardless of whether or not the air-conditioner switch 28 is turned on. On the other hand, if the preliminary air conditioner 31 is not operating, the process proceeds to step S102, and it is determined whether or not the air conditioner switch 28 is turned on. If the air conditioner switch 28 is turned on, the process proceeds to step S103, and if not, the process returns to step S101. In step S103, the relay 29 operates to close the contact 29a. In step S104, the low-voltage power is supplied to the air-conditioning control device 13 to start the air-conditioning control device 13. In step S105, the air conditioning control device 1
When the timer relay 25 is turned on by 3, high voltage power is supplied to the DC / DC converter 27 in step S <b> 106. In step S107, the low-voltage battery 22 enters a chargeable state. The chargeable state refers to a state in which charging is performed by the DC / DC converter 27 as soon as the terminal voltage of the battery 22 falls below the reference voltage.

In step S108 of FIG. 4, high-voltage power is supplied to the compressor driving device 14 for air conditioning, and the process proceeds to step S109. In step S109, it is determined whether or not the cabin is in a state where the air conditioning compressor 15 should be operated. As described above, when cooling and heating of the vehicle interior is required, such as in summer or winter, the compressor 15 is in a state to be operated, and the process proceeds to step S110. If the user is comfortable and does not need to operate the compressor 15, the process proceeds to step S111. In step S110, the air conditioning compressor 15 is operated, while in step S111, the operation of the air conditioning compressor 15 is stopped.

As described above, the DC link circuit of the inverter 11 for the vehicle drive motor separates the D
Air conditioning compressor drive 14 with C-link circuit
Supply high-voltage power to
C / DC converter 27 and low voltage battery 2
2 to supply the low-voltage power of the low-voltage system battery 22 to the preliminary air-conditioning
8 to the air-conditioning control device 13, so that when the ignition key is operated to start running the vehicle, the air-conditioning device in the pre-air-conditioning state is continuously operated from the pre-air-conditioning state while the running state is maintained. The vehicle interior can be maintained in a comfortable thermal environment.

-Second Embodiment- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a second embodiment. It should be noted that the same devices as those shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 8, and 11 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description will focus on the differences. In the first embodiment described above, the DC / DC converter 27 and the low-voltage battery 22 dedicated to the cooling / heating device are provided,
Low-voltage power is supplied to the air conditioning control device 13 and the preliminary air conditioning device 31. In the second embodiment, the DC / DC converter 7 and the low-voltage battery 2 that supply low-voltage power to the vehicle drive motor control device 10 in the first embodiment are used for a cooling and heating device. For this purpose, a high-voltage power supply terminal of the DC / DC converter 7 is connected to the rear of the circuit breaker 4, and a high voltage is applied to the DC / DC converter 7 even when the timer relay 5 controlled by the vehicle drive motor control device 10 is off. Ensure that power is supplied.

The operation of the second embodiment will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. In step S200, the process waits until the circuit breaker 4 is turned on. When the circuit breaker 4 is turned on, the process proceeds to step S201. Circuit breaker 4
Is supplied, the high-voltage power of the high-voltage battery 1 is supplied to the DC / DC converter 7 in step S201, and the low-voltage battery 2 enters a chargeable state in step S202. Thereafter, when the terminal voltage of the low-voltage battery 2 drops below its reference voltage, D
The battery 2 is charged by the C / DC converter 7. In step S203, it is determined whether the preliminary air-conditioning device 31 has been activated and the air-conditioning control device 13 has been activated. If the preliminary air-conditioning device 31 has been activated, the process proceeds to step S206, regardless of whether the air-conditioning switch 28 has been turned on. Perform processing for air conditioning in advance. On the other hand, if the preliminary air conditioner 31 is not operating, the process proceeds to step S204, and it is determined whether or not the air conditioner switch 28 is turned on. If the air conditioner switch 28 is turned on, the process proceeds to step S205, and if not, the process returns to step S203.

In step S205, the relay 29 operates to close the contact 29a. In step S206, the low-voltage power is supplied from the low-voltage battery 2 to the air-conditioning control device 13, and the air-conditioning control device 13 is started. Step S207
When the timer relay 25 is turned on by the air conditioning control device 13, the high voltage power is supplied to the air conditioning compressor drive device 14 in step S208 in FIG. Step S2
In step 09, as described above, it is determined whether or not the cabin is in a state in which the air-conditioning compressor 15 is to be operated. If the state is such that the compressor 15 is to be operated, the flow proceeds to step S210; otherwise, the flow proceeds to step S211. In step S210, the air-conditioning compressor 15 is operated.
In step S211, the operation of the air conditioning compressor 15 is stopped.

As described above, the DC link circuit of the inverter 11 for the vehicle drive motor separates the D
Air conditioning compressor drive 14 with C-link circuit
Since high-voltage power is supplied to the vehicle, when the ignition key is operated to start traveling of the vehicle, it is possible to shift from the pre-air-conditioning state to the traveling state while continuing to operate the air-conditioning device in the pre-air-conditioning state, The cabin can be maintained in a comfortable thermal environment. Further, since the DC / DC converter 7 and the low-voltage battery 2 are used for both the vehicle drive device and the cooling / heating device, only one DC / DC converter and one low-voltage battery are required, and the cost can be reduced.

In the configuration of the above embodiment, the high-voltage battery 1 is replaced by the timer relay 5.
And the condenser 6 constitute a DC link circuit for the traveling power supply,
The vehicle drive motor inverter 11 is connected to the traveling drive motor inverter by the air conditioning compressor drive 14.
Is an air conditioning compressor drive circuit, the low-voltage battery 22 is a low-voltage battery, the air conditioner switch 28 is an air conditioner switch, the air conditioning control device 13 is an air conditioning control circuit, the pre-air conditioning device 31 is a pre-air conditioning control circuit, / D
The C converter 27 is a DC / DC converter, and the timer relay 25 and the condenser 30 are D for air conditioning power supply.
Each of the C link circuits is configured.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, high-voltage power is supplied from a high-voltage battery through an air-conditioning power supply DC link circuit provided separately from a traveling power supply DC link circuit. Supply to
The low-voltage system battery is charged by the DC / DC converter from the DC link circuit for air-conditioning power supply, and the low-voltage system battery supplies low-voltage power to the preliminary air-conditioning control circuit, and low-voltage power is supplied to the air-conditioning control circuit via the air-conditioning switch. Electricity was supplied. By configuring the cooling / heating device in this manner, during pre-air conditioning, low-voltage power is supplied from the pre-air-conditioning control circuit to the air-conditioning control circuit, the air-conditioning control circuit is activated, and the air-conditioning compressor drive circuit is started to activate the air conditioning compressor drive circuit. Pre-air conditioning is performed. Also, when the occupant operates the ignition key to enter the running state, the low-voltage power is supplied to the air conditioning control circuit via the air conditioner switch, so that the initialization of the air conditioning control circuit due to the closing of the ignition key switch is performed. Without being performed, it is possible to shift to the running state without interrupting the operation of the cooling and heating device in the pre-air-conditioning state, and it is possible to maintain a comfortable thermal environment in the vehicle compartment.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the first embodiment following FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the first embodiment following FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the second embodiment following FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional vehicle heat pump air conditioner.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the conventional vehicle heat pump air conditioner shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the conventional vehicle heat pump air conditioner following FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional vehicle heat pump type air conditioner provided with a preliminary air conditioner.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the operation of the conventional vehicle heat pump air conditioner shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 High-voltage battery 2 Low-voltage battery 3 Charging device 4 Circuit breaker 5 Timer relay 5a Relay contact 5b Timer contact 5r Resistor 6 DC link capacitor 7 DC / DC converter 8 Ignition key switch 9 Relay 9a Relay contact 10 Vehicle drive motor Control device 11 Vehicle drive motor inverter 12 Vehicle drive motor 13 Air conditioning control device 14 Air conditioning compressor drive device 15 Air conditioning compressor 16 Charge state detection device 25 Timer relay 25a Relay contact 25b Timer contact 25r Resistor 28 Air conditioner switch 29 Relay 29a Relay Contact point 30 DC link condenser 31 Pre-air conditioner

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A driving power supply DC from a high voltage system battery.
In a vehicle heat pump air conditioner used for electric vehicles that supplies high-voltage power to a drive motor inverter via a link circuit, a compressor drive circuit that drives an air-conditioning compressor, and a low-voltage battery through an air conditioner switch An air-conditioning control circuit that supplies low-voltage power to control the compressor drive circuit, and operates by supplying low-voltage power to the air-conditioning control circuit from the low-voltage battery regardless of the operation of the air-conditioning switch, A pre-air-conditioning control circuit for air-conditioning the interior of the vehicle in advance; a DC / DC converter for converting high-voltage power to low-voltage power to charge the low-voltage battery; Air conditioning power supply for supplying high voltage power to the DC / DC converter Vehicular heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus, comprising a DC link circuit.