JP3078598B2 - Young's modulus measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
Young's modulus measuring device and measuring methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3078598B2 JP3078598B2 JP03146435A JP14643591A JP3078598B2 JP 3078598 B2 JP3078598 B2 JP 3078598B2 JP 03146435 A JP03146435 A JP 03146435A JP 14643591 A JP14643591 A JP 14643591A JP 3078598 B2 JP3078598 B2 JP 3078598B2
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- Prior art keywords
- stress
- young
- modulus
- displacement
- elastic body
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、弾性体のヤング率測定
装置および測定方法に関する。レーザプリンタなどに使
用されている電子写真プロセスにおいては、図４に示す
ような現像ローラ１とよばれるローラが使用される。こ
れは、トナーと呼ばれる粉体（着色樹脂粉体）を帯電さ
せ、感光体に送り込む役割をする。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring a Young's modulus of an elastic body. In an electrophotographic process used for a laser printer or the like, a roller called a developing roller 1 as shown in FIG. 4 is used. This serves to charge a powder (colored resin powder) called toner and send it to the photoconductor.
【０００２】現像ローラ１は、芯棒２とゴム３からな
り、現像ローラ１の直径を２Ｒ１、芯棒２の直径を２Ｒ
２とすると、肉厚Ｌは、Ｒ１−Ｒ２となる。ここで、図
５に示すように、現像ローラ１はトナー４を感光体５上
に押し当てながら、搬送するため、現像ローラ１には応
力が加わり、この時、変形を起こす。この変形量の把握
は現像装置６の機械設計の際に必要となる。つまり、ど
れだれの応力が加わると、どれだけの変形が起こるのか
ということを明らかにすることが装置内での負荷応力を
決定したり、装置形状を決定する際に重要となる。The developing roller 1 is composed of a core rod 2 and rubber 3, and has a diameter of the developing roller 1 of 2R1 and a diameter of the core rod 2 of 2R1.
If it is set to 2, the thickness L will be R1-R2. Here, as shown in FIG. 5, since the developing roller 1 conveys the toner 4 while pressing it against the photoreceptor 5, a stress is applied to the developing roller 1, and at this time, the deformation occurs. The grasp of the amount of deformation is necessary when the mechanical design of the developing device 6 is performed. In other words, it is important to determine which stress is applied and how much deformation occurs when determining the applied stress in the device or determining the shape of the device.
【０００３】なお、図中７は露光器、８は帯電器、９は
転写器、１０は定着器、１１はクリーニング器、１２は
除電器、１３はブレード、１４は用紙である。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 7 denotes an exposing device, 8 denotes a charging device, 9 denotes a transfer device, 10 denotes a fixing device, 11 denotes a cleaning device, 12 denotes a static eliminator, 13 denotes a blade, and 14 denotes a sheet.
【０００４】[0004]
【従来の技術】現像ローラ（弾性体ローラ）の応力−歪
み関係に関係する物性測定法としては、硬度測定法があ
る。図６にゴムに良く用いられるアスカーＣ硬度計１５
を示す。このアスカーＣ硬度計１５は、検出部１６と硬
度表示部１７を有している。2. Description of the Related Art As a method of measuring physical properties related to the stress-strain relationship of a developing roller (elastic roller), there is a hardness measuring method. FIG. 6 shows an Asker C hardness tester 15 often used for rubber.
Is shown. The Asker C hardness meter 15 has a detection unit 16 and a hardness display unit 17.
【０００５】硬度を測定するときは、図７に示すよう
に、現像ローラ１に検出部１６を押し込め、一定変位量
だけ現像ローラ１が沈み込んだ時の硬度を測定する。こ
の硬度方法は現像ローラ１間の硬度の比較や現像ローラ
１の硬度の管理を目的とするものである。When measuring the hardness, as shown in FIG. 7, the detection unit 16 is pushed into the developing roller 1 and the hardness when the developing roller 1 sinks by a fixed displacement amount is measured. This hardness method aims at comparing the hardness between the developing rollers 1 and managing the hardness of the developing roller 1.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】このような従来の測定
方法にあっては、現像ローラの硬度を求めることができ
るが、現像装置の設計上重要な現像ローラのヤング率を
測定することができなかった。本発明は、このような従
来の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、現像ローラ
のヤング率を正確に測定することができるヤング率測定
装置およひ測定方法を提供することを目的としている。In such a conventional measuring method, the hardness of the developing roller can be obtained, but the Young's modulus of the developing roller, which is important in designing the developing device, can be measured. Did not. The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and has as its object to provide a Young's modulus measuring apparatus and a measuring method capable of accurately measuring the Young's modulus of a developing roller. I have.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、弾性体(24)を
収納する半径ｒの凹部(22)をもつ下部セル(21)と、弾性
体(24)上に載せられ、下部セル(21)と一体に形成された
凸部をもち、上面におもりが載せられる上部セル(26)
と、弾性体(24)の変位量を検出するため弾性体上に載置
された変位量検出手段(29)と、弾性体(24)の応力を検出
するため下部セル(21)の凹部底面部に設けられた応力検
出手段(25)を有する応力−変位量測定装置(20)と、検出
した変位量と初期の厚さにより歪み量を求め、求めた歪
み量と検出した応力によりヤング率を演算する演算手段
(33)を備える。 The present invention provides an elastic member (24).
A lower cell (21) having a concave portion (22) with a radius of r for storage and elasticity
Placed on body (24) and formed integrally with lower cell (21)
Upper cell (26) that has a convex part and a weight is placed on the upper surface
And placed on the elastic body to detect the displacement of the elastic body (24)
Detected displacement amount detection means (29) and stress of elastic body (24)
Stress detection provided on the bottom of the recess of the lower cell (21)
Stress-displacement measuring device (20) having an output means (25);
The amount of strain is calculated based on the amount of displacement and the initial thickness.
Calculation means for calculating the Young's modulus based on the measured amount and the detected stress
(33).
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】現像装置内で現像ローラは応力が加わることに
より、変形を起こす。その際の変位量（歪み量）は現像
装置の設計上、非常に重要になってくる。固体の変位量
は材料力学により計算できることが知られているが、そ
の正確な値をもとめるためには、ヤング率を求める必要
性がある。ところが、このヤング率を求めるためには、
正確な応力−歪み関係を求めるための測定装置並びに測
定法の開発が必須になってくる。In the developing device, the developing roller is deformed by applying a stress. The amount of displacement (distortion) at that time becomes very important in designing the developing device. It is known that the displacement of a solid can be calculated by material mechanics, but it is necessary to determine the Young's modulus in order to obtain the accurate value. However, to find this Young's modulus,
Development of a measuring device and a measuring method for obtaining an accurate stress-strain relationship is indispensable.
【０００９】本発明においては、まず、下部セルの凹部
に弾性体を入れ、上部セルの凸部を凹部の弾性体の上に
載せる。そして、変位量検出手段により、弾性体の変位
量を測定する。また、下部セルの応力検出手段により、
弾性体の底部に加わる応力を測定する。変位量と弾性体
の初期の厚さにより、歪み量を求めることができる。ま
た、フックの法則により、歪み量と応力からヤング率を
求めることができる。In the present invention, first, an elastic body is placed in the concave portion of the lower cell, and the convex portion of the upper cell is placed on the elastic body of the concave portion. Then, the displacement amount of the elastic body is measured by the displacement amount detecting means. In addition, by the stress detection means of the lower cell,
Measure the stress applied to the bottom of the elastic body. The amount of strain can be determined from the amount of displacement and the initial thickness of the elastic body. In addition, Young's modulus can be obtained from the amount of strain and stress according to Hooke's law.
【００１０】したがって、現像ローラにプロセス上で加
える応力を考えることにより、実際に現像ローラがプロ
セス上で変形する変位量を正確に求めることができる。
この変位量の把握は、現像装置の設計の際に重要であ
る。Therefore, by considering the stress applied to the developing roller in the process, the displacement amount at which the developing roller is actually deformed in the process can be accurately obtained.
It is important to grasp the amount of displacement when designing the developing device.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明
する。図２および図３は本発明の一実施例を示す図であ
る。図２において、２１は応力−変位量測定装置２０
の、例えばアクリル樹脂で形成された下部セルであり、
下部セル２１には凹部２２が形成されている。凹部２２
内には定板２３を介して弾性体である試料ゴム２４が挿
入される。ここでは、試料ゴム２４の厚さを現像ローラ
の肉厚と同程度のｌo とする。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 2 and 3 are views showing an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 21 denotes a stress-displacement measuring device 20.
Of, for example, a lower cell formed of acrylic resin,
A recess 22 is formed in the lower cell 21. Recess 22
A sample rubber 24, which is an elastic body, is inserted into the inside through a plate 23. Here, it is assumed that the thickness of the sample rubber 24 is about the same as the thickness of the developing roller.
【００１２】定板２３の下面に当接して応力を検出する
応力検出手段としてのストレインゲージセンサ２５が下
部セル２１内に埋め込められる。２６は凹部２２に挿入
され、試料ゴム２４上に載せられる上部セルであり、上
部セル２６は、例えば下部セル２１と同様にアクリル樹
脂で形成され、凸部２７が一体に形成されている。A strain gauge sensor 25 as a stress detecting means for detecting stress by contacting the lower surface of the base plate 23 is embedded in the lower cell 21. An upper cell 26 is inserted into the concave portion 22 and placed on the sample rubber 24. The upper cell 26 is formed of, for example, an acrylic resin like the lower cell 21, and a convex portion 27 is integrally formed.
【００１３】上部セル２６の上面にはおもり２８が載せ
られ、また、上面の変位量を、変位量検出手段としての
デジタルマイクロメータ２９により検出するようにして
いる。デジタルマイクロメータ２９およびストレインゲ
ージセンサ２５はそれぞれ検出計３０，３１に接続さ
れ、検出計３０，３１で検出された変位量および応力は
Ａ／Ｄ変換器３２でデジタル値に変換されて演算手段と
してのＭＰＵ３３に入力する。メモリ３４内には試料ゴ
ム２４の初期の厚さｌo などの定数や歪み量やヤング率
などを求める計算式が格納される。A weight 28 is placed on the upper surface of the upper cell 26, and the amount of displacement of the upper surface is detected by a digital micrometer 29 as displacement amount detecting means. The digital micrometer 29 and the strain gauge sensor 25 are connected to detectors 30 and 31, respectively. The displacement and stress detected by the detectors 30 and 31 are converted into digital values by the A / D converter 32 and used as arithmetic means. Is input to the MPU 33. In the memory 34, constants such as the initial thickness l 0 of the sample rubber 24, and calculation formulas for calculating the amount of distortion, Young's modulus, and the like are stored.
【００１４】ＭＰＵ３３は初期の厚さｌo と変位量によ
り歪み量を求め、歪み量と応力によりヤング率を演算す
る。求められたヤング率は、表示装置３５に表示され
る。次に、測定方法を説明する。下部セル２１の凹部２
２に試料ゴム２４を入れ、上部セル２６の凸部２７を凹
部２２に載せる。そして、上部セル２１の上面の変位を
デジタルマイクロメータ２９により測定する。この時、
上部セル２１の上部におもり２８をのせ、その時の応力
並びに変位量を測定する。今、凹部２２のセル半径をｒ
（ｍ）とする。上部セル２６の重量をｍ1 （Ｋg ）、上
部に載せたおもり２８の重量をｍ2 （Ｋg）、デジタル
マイクロメータ検出部の抗力をｍ3 （Ｋgf）とする。現
像ローラ材料の試料ゴム２４に加わる応力σ（Ｐa ）は
（１）式により求めることができる。 σ＝（ｍ1 ＋ｍ2 ＋ｍ3 ）ｇ／（πｒ2 ） （１） ここで、ｇは重力加速度である。The MPU 33 obtains the amount of strain from the initial thickness l0 and the amount of displacement, and calculates the Young's modulus from the amount of strain and the stress. The obtained Young's modulus is displayed on the display device 35. Next, a measuring method will be described. Recess 2 of lower cell 21
The sample rubber 24 is put in 2, and the convex portion 27 of the upper cell 26 is placed on the concave portion 22. Then, the displacement of the upper surface of the upper cell 21 is measured by the digital micrometer 29. At this time,
A weight 28 is placed on the upper part of the upper cell 21, and the stress and displacement at that time are measured. Now, let the cell radius of the recess 22 be r
(M). The weight of the upper cell 26 is m1 (Kg), the weight of the weight 28 placed on the upper part is m2 (Kg), and the drag of the digital micrometer detector is m3 (Kgf). The stress .sigma. (Pa) applied to the sample rubber 24 of the developing roller material can be obtained by the equation (1). σ = (m1 + m2 + m3 ) g / (πr 2) (1) where, g is the gravitational acceleration.
【００１５】また、下部セル２１に埋め込んだストレイ
ンゲージセンサ２５より、試料ゴム２４に底部に加わる
応力σ1 （Ｐa ）は求まる。この時、同時に試料ゴム２
４が沈み込む変位量ｌ（ｍ）はデジタルマイクロメータ
（２９）より求めることができる。試料ゴム２４の初期
の厚さｌo （ｍ）とすると歪み量εは（２）式により求
めることができる。 ε＝ｌ／ｌo （２） 固体の歪み量εと応力σの間にはフックの法則が成り立
つ。 σ＝Ｋ ε （３） ここで、Ｋはヤング率である。The stress .sigma.1 (Pa) applied to the bottom of the sample rubber 24 is obtained from the strain gauge sensor 25 embedded in the lower cell 21. At this time, sample rubber 2
The displacement l (m) at which 4 sinks can be obtained from the digital micrometer (29). Assuming that the initial thickness of the sample rubber 24 is lo (m), the strain amount ε can be obtained by the equation (2). ε = l / lo (2) Hooke's law holds between the strain ε of the solid and the stress σ. σ = K ε (3) where K is Young's modulus.
【００１６】こうして、ヤング率を求めることができ
る。次に、現像ローラの肉厚を求め、プロセス上で加え
る応力σを考えることにより、実際に現像ローラがプロ
セス上、変形する変位量を求めることができる。また、
（３）式の関係が成り立つ領域を弾性領域というが、図
３に示すように、（３）式が成り立たなくなる応力（弾
性限界応力）以上の応力を加えることはゴムの性質上危
険であることも同時に示唆することができる。本測定装
置並びに測定法により現像ローラの変位量をμｍ単位ま
で求めることができる。Thus, the Young's modulus can be obtained. Next, by calculating the thickness of the developing roller and considering the stress σ applied in the process, the displacement amount at which the developing roller is actually deformed in the process can be obtained. Also,
The region where the relationship of the formula (3) is satisfied is called an elastic region. As shown in FIG. 3, it is dangerous to apply a stress equal to or more than the stress (elastic limit stress) at which the formula (3) does not hold. Can also be suggested at the same time. With the present measuring device and measuring method, the displacement amount of the developing roller can be obtained to the order of μm.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】以上説明してきたように、本発明によれ
ば、弾性体の応力と変位量を求め、変位量と初期の厚さ
により歪み量を求め、歪み量と応力により、ヤング率を
正確に測定することかできる。その結果、現像装置の設
計上重要な現像ローラの変位量を正確に求めることがで
きる。As described above, according to the present invention, the stress and displacement of the elastic body are determined, the strain is determined by the displacement and the initial thickness, and the Young's modulus is determined by the strain and the stress. It can be measured accurately. As a result, the amount of displacement of the developing roller, which is important in the design of the developing device, can be accurately obtained.
【図１】本発明の原理説明図FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の一実施例を示す図FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】応力と歪み量の関係を示すグラフFIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between stress and strain.
【図４】現像ローラを示す図FIG. 4 is a view showing a developing roller.
【図５】電子写真プロセスの概要図FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electrophotographic process.
【図６】アスカーＣ硬度計を示す図FIG. 6 shows an Asker C hardness tester.
【図７】硬度測定法の説明図FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a hardness measurement method.
２０：応力−変位量測定装置 ２１：下部セル ２２：凹部 ２３：定板 ２４：試料ゴム（弾性体） ２５：ストレインゲージセンサ（応力検出手段） ２６：上部セル ２７：凸部 ２８：おもり ２９：デジタルマイクロメータ（変位量検出手段） ３０，３１：検出計 ３２：Ａ／Ｄ変換器 ３３：ＭＰＵ（演算手段） ３４：メモリ ３５：表示装置 Reference Signs List 20: Stress-displacement measuring device 21: Lower cell 22: Concavity 23: Plate 24: Sample rubber (elastic body) 25: Strain gauge sensor (stress detecting means) 26: Upper cell 27: Convex part 28: Weight 29: Digital micrometer (displacement amount detecting means) 30, 31: detector 32: A / D converter 33: MPU (arithmetic means) 34: memory 35: display device
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭60−181632（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−39743（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 平１−163846（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) G01N 3/00 - 3/62 G01L 1/00 - 5/28 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-60-181632 (JP, A) JP-A-62-39743 (JP, A) JP-A-1-163846 (JP, U) (58) Survey Field (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) G01N 3/00-3/62 G01L 1/00-5/28
Claims (4)
もつ下部セル(21)と、弾性体(24)上に載せられ、下部セ
ル(21)と一体に形成された凸部をもち、上面におもりが
載せられる上部セル(26)と、弾性体(24)の変位量を検出
するため弾性体上に載置された変位量検出手段(29)と、
弾性体(24)の応力を検出するため下部セル(21)の凹部底
面部に設けられた応力検出手段(25)を有する応力−変位
量測定装置(20)と、検出した変位量と初期の厚さにより
歪み量を求め、求めた歪み量と検出した応力によりヤン
グ率を演算する演算手段(33)を備えたことを特徴とする
ヤング率測定装置。1. A recess (22) having a radius r for accommodating an elastic body (24).
With the lower cell (21) and the elastic body (24)
(21), and the weight is on the upper surface.
Detects displacement of upper cell (26) and elastic body (24)
Displacement amount detecting means (29) placed on the elastic body to perform
The bottom of the recess of the lower cell (21) to detect the stress of the elastic body (24)
A stress-displacement measuring device (20) having a stress detecting means (25) provided on the surface, a strain amount is obtained from the detected displacement amount and the initial thickness, and a Young's modulus is obtained from the obtained strain amount and the detected stress. A calculating means (33) for calculating the following equation:
体(24)の応力と変位量を求め、求めた変位量と弾性体(2
4)の初期厚さにより歪み量を求め、歪み量と応力により
ヤング率を求めることを特徴とするヤング率測定方法。2. The stress-displacement amount of the elastic body (24) is determined by the stress-displacement amount measuring device (20).
4) A method for measuring a Young's modulus, wherein a strain is obtained from an initial thickness and a Young's modulus is obtained from the strain and stress.
イクロメータを用いたことを特徴とする請求項１のヤン
グ率測定装置。3. The Young's modulus measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a digital micrometer is used as said displacement amount detecting means (24).
ージセンサを用いたことを特徴とする請求項1のヤング
率測定装置。4. The Young's modulus measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a strain gauge sensor is used as said stress detecting means (25).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03146435A JP3078598B2 (en) | 1991-06-19 | 1991-06-19 | Young's modulus measuring device and measuring method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03146435A JP3078598B2 (en) | 1991-06-19 | 1991-06-19 | Young's modulus measuring device and measuring method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04370739A JPH04370739A (en) | 1992-12-24 |
| JP3078598B2 true JP3078598B2 (en) | 2000-08-21 |
Family
ID=15407604
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03146435A Expired - Fee Related JP3078598B2 (en) | 1991-06-19 | 1991-06-19 | Young's modulus measuring device and measuring method |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3078598B2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09308675A (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1997-12-02 | Pigeon Corp | Instrument and method for measuring elasticity of nipple |
| BR112014010345A2 (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2017-04-18 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind | Method for evaluation of elastic modulus of repulsion, hardness and energy loss of polymer material |
| CN104132841A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2014-11-05 | 西安中泰新材料科技有限公司 | Titanium wire material elasticity detection method and device |
-
1991
- 1991-06-19 JP JP03146435A patent/JP3078598B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04370739A (en) | 1992-12-24 |
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