JP3078461B2 - High wear-resistant perlite rail - Google Patents
High wear-resistant perlite railInfo
- Publication number
- JP3078461B2 JP3078461B2 JP06280916A JP28091694A JP3078461B2 JP 3078461 B2 JP3078461 B2 JP 3078461B2 JP 06280916 A JP06280916 A JP 06280916A JP 28091694 A JP28091694 A JP 28091694A JP 3078461 B2 JP3078461 B2 JP 3078461B2
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- Prior art keywords
- rail
- pearlite
- thickness
- pearlite structure
- less
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、高軸重鉄道の曲線区間
のレールに要求される耐摩耗性を備えた高耐摩耗パーラ
イト系レールに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high abrasion resistant perlite rail having abrasion resistance required for rails in a curved section of a high axle heavy railway.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】鉄道輸送の高効率化の手段として、列車
速度の向上や列車積載重量の増加が図られている。この
ような鉄道輸送の効率化はレール使用環境の過酷化を意
味し、レール材質の一層の改善が要求されるに至ってい
る。具体的には、海外の重荷重鉄道の曲線区間に敷設さ
れたレールでは摩耗が急激に増加し、レールの高寿命化
の点で問題視されるようになった。2. Description of the Related Art As means for increasing the efficiency of rail transportation, train speed has been increased and train load weight has been increased. Such an increase in the efficiency of rail transportation implies a severer use environment for rails, and further improvements in rail materials have been required. Specifically, the wear of rails laid on curved sections of heavy-duty railways abroad has rapidly increased, and this has become a problem in extending the life of rails.
【０００３】しかしながら、最近のレール高強度化熱処
理技術の向上により、共析炭素鋼を用いた微細パーライ
ト組織を呈した下記に示すような高強度（高硬度）レー
ルが開発され、重荷重鉄道の曲線区間のレール寿命を飛
躍的に改善してきた。 頭部がソルバイト組織、または、微細なパーライト組
織の超大荷重用の熱処理レール（特公昭５４−２５４９
０号公報）。 Ｃｒ、Ｎｂなどの合金を添加し、耐摩耗性ばかりでな
く溶接部の硬度低下を改善した低合金熱処理レールの製
造法（特公昭５９−１９１７３号公報）。However, with the recent improvement in the heat treatment technology for increasing the strength of rails, the following high-strength (high-hardness) rails exhibiting a fine pearlite structure using eutectoid carbon steel have been developed, and have been developed for heavy load railways. Rail life in curved sections has been dramatically improved. Heat treatment rail for ultra-high load with sorbite head or fine pearlite head (Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-2549)
No. 0). A method for producing a low-alloy heat-treated rail in which an alloy such as Cr or Nb is added to improve not only wear resistance but also a decrease in hardness of a welded portion (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-19173).
【０００４】これらのレールの特徴は、共析炭素含有鋼
による微細パーライト組織を呈する高強度（高硬度）レ
ールであり、その目的とするところは耐摩耗性を向上さ
せるところにあった。しかし、近年海外の重荷重鉄道で
はより一層の鉄道輸送の高効率化のために貨物の高軸重
化（列車積載重量の増加）を強力に進めており、特に急
曲線のレールでは上記開発のレールを用いても耐摩耗性
が確保できず、摩耗によるレール寿命の低下が問題とな
ってきた。このような背景から現状の共析炭素鋼の高強
度レール以上の耐摩耗性を有するレールの開発が求めら
れるようになってきた。The characteristics of these rails are high-strength (high-hardness) rails exhibiting a fine pearlite structure made of eutectoid carbon-containing steel. The purpose of the rails is to improve wear resistance. However, in recent years, overseas heavy-duty railways have been aggressively pursuing higher axle load (increase in train loading weight) in order to further increase the efficiency of rail transport. Even if a rail is used, wear resistance cannot be ensured, and a reduction in rail life due to wear has become a problem. Against this background, it has been required to develop a rail having wear resistance higher than that of the current eutectoid carbon steel high-strength rail.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来レール鋼として用
いられてきた共析炭素成分のパーライト組織は硬さの低
いフェライト組織と板状の硬いセメンタイト組織の層状
構造になっており、パーライト組織の耐摩耗性を向上さ
せる方法としては、一般的にはパーライト組織中のラメ
ラ間隔：λ［λ＝（フェライト厚さ：ｔ1 ）＋（セメン
タイト厚さ：ｔ2）］を小さくし硬度を向上させる方法
がある。例えば、Metallurgical transac-tions Vol.7A
(1976)P.1217のFig.1 に示されているように、パーライ
ト組織中のラメラ間隔を微細化すると硬度が大きく向上
する。しかし、共析炭素鋼の微細パーライト組織を呈し
た高硬度レールでは現状のパーライト硬さが上限であ
り、硬さの向上を狙って熱処理冷却速度の増加や合金添
加によりパーライトラメラ間隔をさらに微細化しようと
すると、パーライト組織中に硬いマルテンサイト組織が
生成し、レールの靭性と耐摩耗性を低下させるといった
問題点があった。The pearlite structure of the eutectoid carbon component conventionally used as a rail steel has a layered structure of a ferrite structure having a low hardness and a plate-like hard cementite structure. As a method of improving abrasion, generally, a method of reducing the lamellar spacing in a pearlite structure: λ [λ = (ferrite thickness: t 1 ) + (cementite thickness: t 2 )] to improve hardness. There is. For example, Metallurgical transac-tions Vol.7A
(1976) As shown in Fig. 1 on page 1217, when the lamellar spacing in the pearlite structure is reduced, the hardness is greatly improved. However, the current pearlite hardness is the upper limit for high hardness rails exhibiting the fine pearlite structure of eutectoid carbon steel, and the pearlite lamella spacing is further refined by increasing the heat treatment cooling rate and adding alloys with the aim of improving hardness. If this is attempted, there is a problem that a hard martensite structure is generated in the pearlite structure, and the toughness and wear resistance of the rail are reduced.
【０００６】また、もう一つの解決策としてはパーライ
ト組織より耐摩耗性が高い金属組織を呈した材料をレー
ル鋼として使用する方法が考えられるが、レールと車輪
のようなころがり摩耗では微細パーライト組織よりも安
価で耐摩耗性に優れた材料は見いだされていないのが現
状である。As another solution, a method of using a material exhibiting a metal structure having higher wear resistance than the pearlite structure as the rail steel can be considered. However, in the case of rolling wear such as rails and wheels, a fine pearlite structure is used. At present, no material that is less expensive and has excellent wear resistance has not been found.
【０００７】パーライト組織中の摩耗機構としてはまず
はじめに車輪の通過により柔らかなフェライト組織が絞
り出され、その後ころがり面直下に硬いセメンタイトの
みが積み重なり、これに加工硬化が加わって耐摩耗性が
確保されていることが実験により確認された。そこで、
本発明者らは強度（硬度）を得るためにパーライトラメ
ラ間隔を微細化すると同時に、炭素量を高くしてパーラ
イト組織の耐摩耗を確保している板状の硬いセメンタイ
ト組織比率を増加させ、ころがり面直下でのセメンタイ
ト密度を高めることにより靭性および延性を損なわず、
耐摩耗性が飛躍的に向上することを実験により見いだし
た。すなわち本発明は、高軸重鉄道や曲線区間のレール
に要求される耐摩耗性に優れたレールを低コストで提供
することを目的とするものである。As a wear mechanism in the pearlite structure, first, a soft ferrite structure is squeezed out by passing through a wheel, and thereafter, only hard cementite is stacked immediately below the rolling surface, and work hardening is added thereto to secure wear resistance. Was confirmed by experiments. Therefore,
The present inventors refined the pearlite lamella spacing in order to obtain strength (hardness), and at the same time, increased the ratio of a plate-like hard cementite structure which increased the carbon content to ensure the wear resistance of the pearlite structure, By increasing the cementite density just below the surface, without impairing toughness and ductility,
Experiments have shown that the wear resistance is dramatically improved. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost rail having excellent wear resistance required for a high axle heavy railway or a rail in a curved section.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記目的を達成
するものであって、その要旨とするところは、（１）重
量％で、Ｃ：０．８５％を超えて１．２０％以下を含有
する鋼レールあって、該鋼レールの少なくとも一部、ま
たは少なくともレール頭部表面から該頭部表面を起点と
して深さ２０mmの範囲がパーライト組織を呈し、そのパ
ーライトラメラ間隔：λ［λ＝（フェライト厚さ：
ｔ1 ）＋（セメンタイト厚さ：ｔ2）］が１００nm以下
で、かつ、パーライト組織中のフェライト厚さ（ｔ1 ）
に対するセメンタイト厚さ（ｔ2 ）の比：Ｒｃ（Ｒｃ＝
ｔ2 ／ｔ1 ）が０．１５以上であることを特徴とする高
耐摩耗パーライト系レールであり、また、（２）重量％
で、Ｃ ：０．８５超〜１．２０％、 Ｓｉ：０．
１０〜１．００％、Ｍｎ：０．４０〜１．５０％を含有
して、さらに必要に応じて、Ｃｒ：０．０５〜０．５０
％、 Ｍｏ：０．０１〜０．２０％、Ｖ ：０．
０２〜０．３０％、 Ｎｂ：０．００２〜０．０
５％、Ｃｏ：０．１０〜２．００％の１種または２種以
上を含有して、残部が鉄および不可避不純物からなる鋼
レールであって、該鋼レールの少なくとも一部、または
少なくともレール頭部表面を起点として深さ２０mmの範
囲がパーライト組織を呈し、そのパーライトラメラ間
隔：λ［λ＝（フェライト厚さ：ｔ1 ）＋（セメンタイ
ト厚さ：ｔ2 ）］が１００nm以下で、かつ、パーライト
組織中のフェライト厚さ（ｔ1 ）に対するセメンタイト
厚さ（ｔ2 ）の比：Ｒc （Ｒc ＝ｔ2 ／ｔ1 ）が０．１
５以上であることを特徴とする高耐摩耗パーライト系レ
ールである。The present invention attains the above object, and its gist is that (1) by weight%, C: more than 0.85% and 1.20% or less At least a portion of the steel rail, or at least a range from the rail head surface to a depth of 20 mm from the rail head surface as a starting point, exhibits a pearlite structure, and the pearlite lamella spacing: λ [λ = (Ferrite thickness:
t 1 ) + (cementite thickness: t 2 )] is 100 nm or less and the ferrite thickness (t 1 ) in the pearlite structure
Ratio of cementite thickness (t 2 ) to Rc: Rc (Rc =
(t 2 / t 1 ) is 0.15 or more, a highly wear-resistant pearlitic rail, and (2) weight%
, C: more than 0.85 to 1.20%, Si: 0.
10 to 1.00%, Mn: 0.40 to 1.50%, and if necessary, Cr: 0.05 to 0.50%.
%, Mo: 0.01 to 0.20%, V: 0.
02 to 0.30%, Nb: 0.002 to 0.0
5%, a steel rail containing one or more of Co: 0.10 to 2.00%, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities, at least a part of the steel rail or at least the rail A pearlite structure is present in a range of a depth of 20 mm from the head surface as a starting point, and a pearlite lamella spacing: λ [λ = (ferrite thickness: t 1 ) + (cementite thickness: t 2 )] is 100 nm or less, and And the ratio of the cementite thickness (t 2 ) to the ferrite thickness (t 1 ) in the pearlite structure: R c (R c = t 2 / t 1 ) is 0.1
5 is a high wear-resistant pearlite-based rail characterized by being 5 or more.
【０００９】以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。ま
ず、本発明においてレールの化学成分を上記のように限
定した理由について説明する。Ｃはパーライト組織を生
成させて耐摩耗性を確保する有効な元素であり、通常レ
ール鋼としてはＣ量０．６０〜０．８５％が用いられて
いるが、Ｃ量が０．８５％以下では耐摩耗性を確保して
いるパーライト組織中のフェライト厚さ（ｔ1）に対す
るセメンタイト厚さ（ｔ2 ）の比：Ｒc （Ｒc ＝ｔ2 ／
ｔ1 ）を０．１５以上に確保できず、さらに、焼き入れ
性の低下からパーライト組織式中のラメラ間隔を１００
nm以下にすることができない。また、Ｃ量が１．２０％
を超えるとオーステナイト粒界の初析セメンタイトの量
が増加し、延性・靭性が大きく低下するため、Ｃ量を
０．８５超〜１．２０％に限定した。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. First, the reason why the chemical components of the rail are limited as described above in the present invention will be described. C is an effective element for generating a pearlite structure and securing wear resistance. Usually, a C content of 0.60 to 0.85% is used as a rail steel, but the C content is 0.85% or less. In the above, the ratio of the cementite thickness (t 2 ) to the ferrite thickness (t 1 ) in the pearlite structure ensuring the wear resistance: R c (R c = t 2 /
t 1 ) cannot be secured to 0.15 or more, and the lamellar spacing in the pearlite structure formula is set to 100 due to the decrease in hardenability.
It cannot be smaller than nm. In addition, the C content is 1.20%
If the content exceeds 1, the amount of pro-eutectoid cementite at the austenite grain boundary increases, and the ductility and toughness are greatly reduced.
【００１０】次に、上記Ｃ以外の元素について説明す
る。Ｓｉはパーライト組織中のフェライト相への固溶体
硬化により強度を向上させ、わずかながらレール鋼の靭
性を改善させる元素であるが、０．１０％未満ではその
効果が十分に期待できず、また、１．２０％を超えると
脆化をもたらし溶接性も低下するので、Ｓｉ量を０．１
０〜１．２０％に限定した。Next, the elements other than the above C will be described. Si is an element that improves the strength by solid solution hardening into the ferrite phase in the pearlite structure and slightly improves the toughness of the rail steel. However, if it is less than 0.10%, its effect cannot be sufficiently expected. If it exceeds .20%, it causes embrittlement and lowers the weldability.
It was limited to 0 to 1.20%.
【００１１】ＭｎはＣ同様にパーライト変態温度を低下
させ、焼き入れ性を高めることによって高強度化に寄与
し、さらに、初析セメンタイトの生成を抑制する元素で
あるが、０．４０％未満の含有量ではその効果が小さ
く、また、１．５０％を超えると偏析部にマルテンサイ
ト組織を生成させ易くするためにＭｎ量を０．４０〜
１．５０％に限定した。Mn, like C, lowers the pearlite transformation temperature and enhances the hardenability, thereby contributing to an increase in strength. Further, Mn is an element that suppresses the formation of proeutectoid cementite. The effect is small in the content, and when the content exceeds 1.50%, the Mn content is set to 0.40 to 0.4 in order to easily form a martensite structure in the segregated portion.
Limited to 1.50%.
【００１２】また、上記の成分組成で製造されるレール
は強度、延性、靭性を向上させる目的で以下の元素を必
要に応じて１種または２種以上を添加する。Ｃｒ：０．
０５〜０．５０％、 Ｍｏ：０．０１〜０．２０％、
Ｖ ：０．０２〜０．３０％、 Ｎｂ：０．００２〜
０．０５０％、Ｃｏ：０．１０〜２．００％Further, one or two or more of the following elements are added to a rail manufactured with the above component composition as required for the purpose of improving strength, ductility and toughness. Cr: 0.
05 to 0.50%, Mo: 0.01 to 0.20%,
V: 0.02 to 0.30%, Nb: 0.002 to
0.050%, Co: 0.10-2.00%
【００１３】次に、これらの化学成分を上記のように定
めた理由について説明する。Ｃｒはパーライトの平衡変
態点を上昇させ、結果としてパーライト組織を微細にし
て高強度化に寄与すると同時に、パーライト組織中のセ
メンタイト相を強化することによって耐摩耗性を向上さ
せる元素であるが、０．０５％未満ではその効果が小さ
く、０．５０％を超える過剰な添加はマルテンサイト組
織を生成させ、鋼を脆化させるるため、Ｃｒ添加量を
０．０５〜０．５０％に限定した。Next, the reason why these chemical components are determined as described above will be described. Cr is an element that raises the equilibrium transformation point of pearlite and consequently refines the pearlite structure to contribute to high strength, and at the same time, enhances the wear resistance by strengthening the cementite phase in the pearlite structure. When the content is less than 0.05%, the effect is small. When the content exceeds 0.50%, a martensitic structure is formed and the steel is embrittled. Therefore, the Cr content is limited to 0.05 to 0.50%. .
【００１４】ＭｏはＣｒ同様パーライトの平衡変態点を
上昇させ、結果としてパーラト組織を微細にして高強度
化に寄与し、耐摩耗性を向上させる元素であるが、０．
０１％未満ではその効果が小さく、０．２０％を超える
過剰な添加はパーライト変態速度を低下させて靭性に有
害なマルテンサイト組織を生成させるため、Ｍｏ添加量
を０．０１〜０．２０％に限定した。Mo is an element that raises the equilibrium transformation point of pearlite like Cr, and consequently refines the perato structure, contributing to higher strength and improving wear resistance.
If it is less than 01%, the effect is small, and if it exceeds 0.20%, excessive addition lowers the pearlite transformation rate and generates a martensite structure harmful to toughness. Limited to.
【００１５】Ｖは熱間圧延時の冷却過程で生成したＶ
炭、窒化物による析出硬化で塑性変形能を高め、高温度
に加熱する熱処理が行われる際にオーステナイト粒の成
長を抑制する作用によりオーステナイト粒を微細化さ
せ、冷却後のパーライト組織を強化して、レールに要求
される強度と靭性を向上させるのに有効な成分である
が、０．０３％未満ではその効果が期待できず、その反
対に０．３０％を超えて含有させてもそれ以上の効果が
期待できないことから、Ｖ量を０．０３〜０．３０％に
限定した。V is V generated in a cooling process during hot rolling.
Precipitation hardening by charcoal and nitride enhances plastic deformability, suppresses austenite grain growth when heat treatment is performed at high temperature, refines austenite grains, strengthens pearlite structure after cooling Although it is an effective component for improving the strength and toughness required for rails, its effect cannot be expected if it is less than 0.03%, and conversely, if it exceeds 0.30%, it will be more Therefore, the amount of V was limited to 0.03 to 0.30% because the effect of (1) cannot be expected.
【００１６】ＮｂはＶと同様にＮｂ炭、窒化物を形成し
てオーステナイト粒を細粒化する有効な元素であり、そ
のオーステナイト粒成長抑制効果もＶよりも高温度（１
２００℃近傍）まで効果を示し、レールの延性と靭性を
改善する。その効果は、０．００２％未満の少ない含有
量では期待できず、また、０．０５０％を超える過剰な
含有はそれ以上の効果が期待できない。従って、Ｎｂ量
を０．００２〜０．０５０％に限定した。Nb, like V, is an effective element for forming Nb charcoal and nitride to reduce the size of austenite grains, and the effect of suppressing austenite grain growth is higher than V (1%).
Effect up to around 200 ° C) and improve the ductility and toughness of the rail. The effect cannot be expected with a small content of less than 0.002%, and no further effect can be expected with an excessive content exceeding 0.050%. Therefore, the amount of Nb was limited to 0.002 to 0.050%.
【００１７】Ｃｏはパーライトの変態エネルギーを増加
させて、パーライト組織を微細にすることにより強度を
向上させる元素であるが、０．１０％未満の少ない含有
量ではその効果が期待できず、また２．００％を超える
過剰な添加では強化の効果が飽和域に達するため、Ｃｏ
量を０．１０〜２．００％に限定した。Co is an element that increases the transformation energy of pearlite to improve the strength by making the pearlite structure finer, but its effect cannot be expected with a small content of less than 0.10%. With an excessive addition exceeding 0.000%, the effect of strengthening reaches the saturation range,
The amount was limited to 0.10-2.00%.
【００１８】上記のような成分組成で構成されるレール
鋼は、転炉、電気炉などの通常使用される溶解炉で溶製
を行い、この溶鋼を造塊・分解法あるいは連続鋳造法、
さらに熱間圧延を経てレールとして製造される。次に、
この熱間圧延した高温度の熱を保有するレール、あるい
は熱処理する目的で高温に加熱されたレールの頭部を加
速冷却し、レール頭部パーライト組織のラメラ間隔を微
細化する。The rail steel having the above-mentioned composition is melted in a commonly used melting furnace such as a converter or an electric furnace, and the molten steel is subjected to an ingot-forming / disassembling method or a continuous casting method.
Further, it is manufactured as a rail through hot rolling. next,
The head of the hot-rolled rail having high temperature heat or the rail heated to a high temperature for the purpose of heat treatment is accelerated and cooled to make the lamellar spacing of the pearlite structure of the rail head fine.
【００１９】次に、パーライト組織を呈する範囲を、好
ましくは、少なくともレール頭部表面から該頭部表面を
起点として深さ２０mmとしたのは、２０mm未満であれば
レール頭部耐摩耗範囲が少なく、十分なレールの高寿命
化効果が得られないためである。また、前記パーライト
組織を呈する範囲がレール頭部表面から該頭部表面を起
点として深さ３０mm以上の範囲であれば、十分な高寿命
効果が得られより望ましい。なお、前記レール頭部表面
とは、レール頭頂部およびレール頭側部、すなわち特に
列車の車輪踏面およびフランジの接する部分である。Next, the range in which the pearlite structure is exhibited is preferably at least a depth of 20 mm from the surface of the rail head starting from the surface of the head. This is because a sufficient rail life extension effect cannot be obtained. When the range of the pearlite structure is from the rail head surface to the depth of 30 mm or more from the head surface as a starting point, it is more preferable to obtain a sufficient long life effect. The rail head surface is a top portion of the rail and a side portion of the rail head, that is, a portion particularly in contact with a wheel tread surface and a flange of the train.
【００２０】次に、パーライトラメラ間隔：λ（λ＝フ
ェライト厚さ：ｔ1 ＋セメンタイト厚さ：ｔ2 ）、パー
ライト組織中のフェライト厚さに対するセメンタイト厚
さの比：Ｒc （Ｒc ＝ｔ2 ／ｔ1 ）について前記のよう
に定めた理由について説明する。まず、パーライトラメ
ラ間隔：λを１００nm以下に限定した理由について説明
する。ラメラ間隔を１００nm以上にすると、パーライト
組織の硬度を確保することが難しく、セメンタイト厚さ
の比：Ｒc （Ｒc ＝ｔ2 ／ｔ1 ）を０．１５以上確保し
ても輪重１５トンにもおよぶ海外重荷重鉄道の急曲線の
レールで要求されている耐摩耗性を確保できない。ま
た、レール頭表面において塑性変形を起因としたきしみ
割れなどの表面損傷を誘発するためパーライトラメラ間
隔：λを１００nm以下に限定した。Next, the pearlite lamellar spacing: λ (λ = ferrite thickness: t 1 + cementite thickness: t 2 ), the ratio of the cementite thickness to the ferrite thickness in the pearlite structure: R c (R c = t 2 / t 1 ) will be described below. First, the reason why the pearlite lamella spacing: λ is limited to 100 nm or less will be described. When the lamellar spacing than 100 nm, it is difficult to secure the hardness of the pearlite structure, the ratio of the cementite thickness: be reserved R c (R c = t 2 / t 1) of 0.15 or more wheel load 15 tons It is not possible to secure the abrasion resistance required for the extremely curved rails of overseas heavy load railways. Further, in order to induce surface damage such as creaking due to plastic deformation on the rail head surface, the pearlite lamella spacing: λ was limited to 100 nm or less.
【００２１】次に、パーライト組織中のフェライト厚さ
（ｔ1 ）に対するセメンタイト厚さ（ｔ2 ）の比：Ｒc
（Ｒc ＝ｔ2 ／ｔ1 ）を０．１５以上に限定した理由
は、Ｒc を０．１５以下にすると、パーライト鋼の耐摩
耗性を確保しているころがり面直下でのセメンタイト密
度を高めることが困難となり、従来の共析成分のレール
と比較して耐摩耗性の向上が認められないからであり、
そこでＲc を０．１５以上に限定した。Next, the ratio of the cementite thickness (t 2 ) to the ferrite thickness (t 1 ) in the pearlite structure: R c
The reason why (R c = t 2 / t 1 ) is limited to 0.15 or more is that when R c is set to 0.15 or less, the cementite density immediately below the rolling surface that secures the wear resistance of the pearlite steel is reduced. This is because it is difficult to increase the wear resistance compared to conventional eutectoid rails.
Therefore, R c was limited to 0.15 or more.
【００２２】なお、パーライトラメラ間隔：λ、フェラ
イト厚さ：ｔ1 およびセメンタイト厚さ：ｔ2 の測定は
ナイタールおよびピクラールなど所定の腐食液でエッチ
ングし、場合によっては腐食した試料の表面より２段レ
プリカを採取する。さらに、これらを走査型電子顕微鏡
で１０視野観察し、各視野においてλ、ｔ1 、ｔ2 を測
定しそれを平均する。The pearlite lamella spacing: λ, ferrite thickness: t 1, and cementite thickness: t 2 were measured by etching with a predetermined corrosive liquid such as nital or piclar, and in some cases, two steps from the corroded sample surface. Collect a replica. Further, these are observed in 10 visual fields with a scanning electron microscope, λ, t 1 , and t 2 are measured in each visual field, and averaged.
【００２３】また、レールの金属組織としてはパーライ
ト組織であることが望ましいが、レールの冷却方法や素
材の偏析状態によってはパーライト組織中に微量な初析
セメンタイトが生成することがある。しかし、パーライ
ト組織中に微小な初析セメンタイトが生成してもレール
の耐摩耗性、強度、靭性に大きな影響をおよぼさないた
め、本パーライト系レールの組織としては若干の初析セ
メンタイト組織の混在も含んでいる。The metal structure of the rail is desirably a pearlite structure, but a small amount of proeutectoid cementite may be generated in the pearlite structure depending on the cooling method of the rail and the segregation state of the material. However, even if minute pro-eutectoid cementite is formed in the pearlite structure, it does not significantly affect the wear resistance, strength and toughness of the rail. It also includes a mixture.
【００２４】[0024]
【実施例】次に、本発明の実施例について説明する。表
１には、本発明のパーライト組織のレール鋼と比較レー
ル鋼の化学成分を示す。また、表２にこれら材料のラメ
ラ間隔：λ［λ＝（フェライト厚さ：ｔ1 ）＋（セメン
タイト厚さ：ｔ2 ）］、フェライト厚さ（ｔ1 ）に対す
るセメンタイト厚さ（ｔ2 ）の比：Ｒc （Ｒc ＝ｔ2 ／
ｔ1 ）、および西原式摩耗試験における乾燥条件下での
５０万回繰り返し後の摩耗量測定結果を示す。Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Table 1 shows the chemical components of the pearlite-structured rail steel and the comparative rail steel according to the present invention. Table 2 shows the lamella spacing of these materials: λ [λ = (ferrite thickness: t 1 ) + (cementite thickness: t 2 )], and the ratio of cementite thickness (t 2 ) to ferrite thickness (t 1 ). Ratio: R c (R c = t 2 /
t 1 ) and the wear measurement results after 500,000 repetitions under dry conditions in the Nishihara abrasion test.
【００２５】さらに、図１に比較レール鋼と本発明レー
ル鋼のラメラ間隔（λ）と摩耗量の関係を、図２に本発
明レール鋼（符号：Ｈ）の１００００倍のミクロ組織一
例を示す。図２は、本発明レール鋼を５％ナイタール液
でエッチングし、走査型電子顕微鏡で観察したものであ
り、図中の白い部分がセメンタイト層、黒い部分がフェ
ライト層である。Further, FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the lamellar spacing (λ) and the wear amount of the comparative rail steel and the rail steel of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows an example of a microstructure 10,000 times as large as that of the rail steel of the present invention (symbol: H). . FIG. 2 shows the rail steel of the present invention etched with a 5% nital solution and observed with a scanning electron microscope. The white part in the figure is a cementite layer and the black part is a ferrite layer.
【００２６】なお、レールの構成は以下のとおりであ
る。 ・本発明レール（１０本） 符号Ａ〜Ｊ：上記成分範囲
で、そのパーライトラメラ間隔：λ（λ＝フェライト厚
さ：ｔ1 ＋セメンタイト厚さ：ｔ2 ）が１００nm以下
で、かつ、パーライト組織中のフェライト厚さ（ｔ1 ）
に対するセメンタイト厚さ（ｔ2 ）の比：Ｒc （Ｒc ＝
ｔ2 ／ｔ1 ）が０．１５以上の頭部に加速冷却を施した
熱処理レール。 ・比較レール（６本） 符号Ｋ〜Ｐ：共析炭素含有鋼に
よる比較レール。The configuration of the rail is as follows. · Present invention rails (ten) code A-J: In the above composition range, the pearlite lamellar spacing: lambda (lambda = ferrite thickness: t 1 + cementite thickness: t 2) is at 100nm or less, and pearlite Medium ferrite thickness (t 1 )
Ratio of cementite thickness (t 2 ) to Rc: R c (R c =
(t 2 / t 1 ) A heat-treated rail with accelerated cooling applied to the head with a head of 0.15 or more. -Comparative rails (six) Symbols K to P: comparative rails made of eutectoid carbon-containing steel.
【００２７】また摩耗試験条件は次のとおりとした。 ・試験機 ：西原式摩耗試験機 ・試験片形状：円盤状試験片（外径：３０mm、厚さ：８
mm） ・試験荷重 ：６８６Ｎ ・すべり率 ：９％ ・相手材 ：焼き戻しマルテンサイト鋼（ＨＶ３５
０） ・雰囲気 ：大気中 ・冷却 ：圧搾空気による強制冷却（流量：１００
Ｎｌ (リッター)/min) ・繰返し回数：７０万回The wear test conditions were as follows.・ Testing machine: Nishihara type abrasion testing machine ・ Specimen shape: disk-shaped specimen (outer diameter: 30 mm, thickness: 8)
・ Test load: 686 N ・ Slip ratio: 9% ・ Material: Tempered martensitic steel (HV35
0)-Atmosphere: in the air-Cooling: Forced cooling with compressed air (flow rate: 100)
Nl (liter) / min) · Number of repetitions: 700,000 times
【００２８】[0028]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２９】[0029]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】表１に示したように本発明レール鋼はラ
メラ間隔（λ）を微細化すると同時に、比較レール鋼よ
りもフェライト厚さ（ｔ1 ）に対するセメンタイト厚さ
（ｔ2）の比：Ｒc （Ｒc ＝ｔ2 ／ｔ1 ）を高めること
により、比較レールよりも同一ラメラ間隔において摩耗
量が少なく、耐摩耗性が飛躍的に向上している。このよ
うに本発明によれば、高軸重鉄道の曲線区間においても
耐摩耗性に優れたレールを提供することができる。As shown in Table 1, the rail steel of the present invention makes the lamella spacing (λ) finer, and at the same time, the ratio of the cementite thickness (t 2 ) to the ferrite thickness (t 1 ) as compared with the comparative rail steel. : By increasing R c (R c = t 2 / t 1 ), the wear amount is smaller at the same lamella interval than the comparative rail, and the wear resistance is dramatically improved. As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rail having excellent wear resistance even in a curved section of a high axle heavy railway.
【図１】比較レール鋼と本発明レール鋼の摩耗試験結果
をラメラ間隔と摩耗量の関係で比較したものである。FIG. 1 is a comparison of the results of wear tests of a comparative rail steel and the rail steel of the present invention in relation to the lamella spacing and the wear amount.
【図２】本発明レール鋼のセメンタイト／フェライトの
層間隔の一例を示したものである。FIG. 2 shows an example of a cementite / ferrite layer interval of the rail steel of the present invention.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平８−109439（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平８−49019（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平７−173530（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−158227（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−345956（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−161917（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭51−2616（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C22C 38/00 301 C22C 38/04 C22C 38/30 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-8-109439 (JP, A) JP-A-8-49019 (JP, A) JP-A-7-173530 (JP, A) 158227 (JP, A) JP-A-5-335956 (JP, A) JP-A-62-161917 (JP, A) JP-A-51-2616 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. 7 , DB name) C22C 38/00 301 C22C 38/04 C22C 38/30
Claims (6)
２０％以下を含有する鋼レールであって、該鋼レールの
少なくとも一部がパーライト組織を呈し、前記パーライ
ト組織のパーライトラメラ間隔が１００ナノメーター
（nm）以下で、かつ、パーライト組織中のフェライト厚
さに対するセメンタイト厚さの比が０．１５以上である
ことを特徴とする高耐摩耗パーライト系レール。Claims 1. In weight%, C: more than 0.85%.
A steel rail containing 20% or less, wherein at least a part of the steel rail has a pearlite structure, a pearlite lamella spacing of the pearlite structure is 100 nm or less, and a ferrite thickness in the pearlite structure. A high wear-resistant pearlite rail, wherein the ratio of cementite thickness to thickness is 0.15 or more.
０％以下を含有する鋼レールであって、該鋼レールの少
なくともレール頭部表面から該頭部表面を起点として深
さ２０mmの範囲がパーライト組織を呈し、前記パーライ
ト組織のパーライトラメラ間隔が１００nm以下で、か
つ、パーライト組織中のフェライト厚さに対するセメン
タイト厚さの比が０．１５以上であることを特徴とする
高耐摩耗パーライト系レール。2. In% by weight, C: more than 0.85 and 1.2
A steel rail containing 0% or less, wherein at least a range from the rail head surface to a depth of 20 mm starting from the head surface of the steel rail exhibits a pearlite structure, and the pearlite lamella spacing of the pearlite structure is 100 nm or less. And a ratio of the thickness of cementite to the thickness of ferrite in the pearlite structure is 0.15 or more.
び不可避的不純物からなる鋼レールであって、該鋼レー
ルの少なくとも一部がパーライト組織を呈し、前記パー
ライト組織のパーライトラメラ間隔が１００nm以下で、
かつ、パーライト組織中のフェライト厚さに対するセメ
ンタイト厚さの比が０．１５以上であることを特徴とす
る高耐摩耗パーライト系レール。3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the content of C is more than 0.85% and not more than 1.20%, Si is 0.10-1.00%, and Mn is 0.40-1.50%. The remainder is a steel rail consisting of iron and unavoidable impurities, at least a part of the steel rail presents a pearlite structure, the pearlite lamella spacing of the pearlite structure is 100 nm or less,
A highly wear-resistant pearlitic rail, wherein the ratio of the thickness of cementite to the thickness of ferrite in the pearlite structure is 0.15 or more.
び不可避的不純物からなる鋼レールであって、該鋼レー
ルの少なくともレール頭部表面から該頭部表面を起点と
して深さ２０mmの範囲がパーライト組織を呈し、前記パ
ーライト組織のパーライトラメラ間隔が１００nm以下
で、かつ、パーライト組織中のフェライト厚さに対する
セメンタイト厚さの比が０．１５以上であることを特徴
とする高耐摩耗パーライト系レール。4. In% by weight, C: more than 0.85 and 1.20% or less, Si: 0.10 to 1.00%, Mn: 0.40 to 1.50%, the balance being Is a steel rail made of iron and unavoidable impurities, a range of a depth of 20 mm from the surface of at least the rail head from the surface of the head of the steel as a starting point exhibits a pearlite structure, and the pearlite lamella spacing of the pearlite structure is A highly wear-resistant pearlite rail characterized by being 100 nm or less and having a ratio of cementite thickness to ferrite thickness in the pearlite structure of 0.15 or more.
有して、残部が鉄および不可避的不純物からなる鋼レー
ルであって、該鋼レールの少なくとも一部がパーライト
組織を呈し、前記パーライト組織のパーライトラメラ間
隔が１００nm以下で、かつ、パーライト組織中のフェラ
イト厚さに対するセメンタイト厚さの比が０．１５以上
であることを特徴とする高耐摩耗パーライト系レール。5. In% by weight, C: more than 0.85 and 1.20% or less, Si: 0.10 to 1.00%, Mn: 0.40 to 1.50%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.50%, Mo: 0.01 to 0.20%, V: 0.02 to 0.30%, Nb: 0.002 to 0.05%, Co: 0.10 to 0 A steel rail containing 2.00% or more of one type or two or more types and a balance of iron and unavoidable impurities, wherein at least a part of the steel rail has a pearlite structure, and a pearlite lamella having the pearlite structure. A highly wear-resistant pearlitic rail characterized by having an interval of 100 nm or less and a ratio of a cementite thickness to a ferrite thickness in a pearlite structure of 0.15 or more.
有して、残部が鉄および不可避的不純物からなる鋼レー
ルであって、該鋼レールの少なくともレール頭部表面か
ら該頭部表面を起点として深さ２０mmの範囲がパーライ
ト組織を呈し、前記パーライト組織のパーライトラメラ
間隔が１００nm以下で、かつ、パーライト組織中のフェ
ライト厚さに対するセメンタイト厚さの比が０．１５以
上であることを特徴とする高耐摩耗パーライト系レー
ル。6. In% by weight, C: more than 0.85 and 1.20% or less, Si: 0.10 to 1.00%, Mn: 0.40 to 1.50%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.50%, Mo: 0.01 to 0.20%, V: 0.02 to 0.30%, Nb: 0.002 to 0.05%, Co: 0.10 to 0 A steel rail containing 2.00% of one or more kinds, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities, wherein the steel rail has a depth from at least the rail head surface to the head surface. A range of 20 mm exhibits a pearlite structure, the pearlite lamella spacing of the pearlite structure is 100 nm or less, and the ratio of the cementite thickness to the ferrite thickness in the pearlite structure is 0.15 or more. Wear perlite rail.
Priority Applications (15)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06280916A JP3078461B2 (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1994-11-15 | High wear-resistant perlite rail |
| DE69523149T DE69523149T2 (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1995-11-13 | PERLITE RAIL WITH HIGH ABRASION RESISTANCE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| US08/676,159 US5762723A (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1995-11-13 | Pearlitic steel rail having excellent wear resistance and method of producing the same |
| US11/561,654 USRE41033E1 (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1995-11-13 | Pearlitic steel rail having excellent wear resistance and method of producing the same |
| RU96116891A RU2112051C1 (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1995-11-13 | Rail from perlitic steel with high wear resistance and method of rail manufacture |
| CA002181058A CA2181058C (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1995-11-13 | Pearlitic steel rail having excellent wear resistance and method of producing the same |
| PCT/JP1995/002312 WO1996015282A1 (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1995-11-13 | Perlite rail of high abrasion resistance and method of manufacturing the same |
| EP95936781A EP0754775B1 (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1995-11-13 | Perlite rail of high abrasion resistance and method of manufacturing the same |
| US12/893,741 USRE42668E1 (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1995-11-13 | Pearlitic steel rail having excellent wear resistance and method of producing the same |
| AU38564/95A AU687648C (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1995-11-13 | Perlite rail of high abrasion resistance and method of manufacturing the same |
| KR1019960703803A KR100202251B1 (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1995-11-13 | Pearite rail of high abrasion ressitance and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN95191600A CN1044826C (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1995-11-13 | Perlite rail of high abrasion resistance and method of mfg. the same |
| US12/474,137 USRE42360E1 (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1995-11-13 | Pearlitic steel rail having excellent wear resistance and method of producing the same |
| BR9506522A BR9506522A (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1995-11-13 | Perlitic steel rail that has excellent wear resistance and production method |
| US10/974,048 USRE40263E1 (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1996-07-15 | Pearlitic steel rail having excellent wear resistance and method of producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06280916A JP3078461B2 (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1994-11-15 | High wear-resistant perlite rail |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08144016A JPH08144016A (en) | 1996-06-04 |
| JP3078461B2 true JP3078461B2 (en) | 2000-08-21 |
Family
ID=17631728
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06280916A Expired - Lifetime JP3078461B2 (en) | 1994-11-15 | 1994-11-15 | High wear-resistant perlite rail |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3078461B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014157252A1 (en) | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-02 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Pearlite rail and method for manufacturing pearlite rail |
| KR101887410B1 (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2018-08-10 | 주식회사 쏠락 | Protective cover for valve handle |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP3478174B2 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2003-12-15 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Pearlitic steel rail with excellent wear resistance and ductility |
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1994
- 1994-11-15 JP JP06280916A patent/JP3078461B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| WO2014157252A1 (en) | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-02 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Pearlite rail and method for manufacturing pearlite rail |
| US10253397B2 (en) | 2013-03-27 | 2019-04-09 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Pearlitic rail and method for manufacturing pearlitic rail |
| KR101887410B1 (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2018-08-10 | 주식회사 쏠락 | Protective cover for valve handle |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08144016A (en) | 1996-06-04 |
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