JP3076521B2 - Method of detecting damage location and damage scale of water impermeable structure, and method of repairing water leakage part - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for detecting a broken position of a water-blocking structure, a method for detecting a damaged scale, and a method for repairing a water leakage portion, and more particularly to a method and a method for detecting a broken position of a water-blocking structure having a water leakage preventing function for civil engineering. The present invention relates to a method for detecting a scale and a method for repairing a leak.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a sheet waterproofing method has been widely used in civil engineering and the like.

[0003] For example, in artificial ponds such as dams, regulating ponds, reservoirs, etc., a water-impervious sheet is laid on the bottom surface and the slope to be used for storing water. In the final disposal site of waste, a waterproof sheet is laid at the final disposal site to prevent wastewater from waste and the like from flowing into the soil.

[0004] However, if the impermeable sheet is damaged for some reason and water leakage occurs, the water storage efficiency of an artificial pond such as a dam, a regulating pond or a reservoir will be reduced. In particular,
At the final disposal site of waste, harmful substances elute and flow out into the soil, and there is a high risk of contaminating groundwater and the like, and such a situation must be prevented.

[0005] Therefore, when water leakage occurs in the impermeable sheet, it is necessary to immediately detect the water leakage and specify the position of the water leakage.

For this reason, conventionally, for example, as shown in FIG.
Is arranged. The upper linear electrode 2 and the lower linear electrode 3 are disposed perpendicularly to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction above and below the water-impermeable sheet 1. Then, as shown in FIG. 1A, first, a plurality of lower linear electrodes 3 are switched by a switch 5 to artificially create a direction of high electrical conductivity, which is shown in FIG. Waterproof sheet 1 as shown
The magnitude of the current flowing between the electrodes 2 and 3 is measured, for example, by changing the direction by 90 degrees above and below the electrode, and the position of the damage is determined from the magnitude of the current.

Further, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-359130, current electrodes are installed in a final disposal site and outside the final disposal site, and a voltage is applied to these current electrodes to measure the current. The electric field distribution, and if there is water leakage, the resistance will decrease and the distribution will change. Is known.

Further, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-31261, a water-impervious sheet is constituted by at least two layers of sheets, and a partition is provided between these sheets to provide a plurality of spaces between the sheets. By dividing the area, it was possible to know approximately which part of the wide impermeable sheet had leaked, and when repairing it, it was possible to check the leaked part by inspecting only the corresponding space part Things are known.

Further, as disclosed in JP-A-6-63525, a large number of bags are divided into a large number of sections, and a lower layer sheet and an upper layer sheet are welded around each of the divided sections to form a bag. A double-layered impermeable sheet is formed, and a conductive wire and a solidification material injection pipe are provided inside each bag body. A break in the water-impermeable sheet is detected and identified from the change in the resistance value of the conductive wire, and the solidification material is injected. There is also known a method in which a solidifying material is injected into a bag body by a pipe to repair a damaged portion.

[0010]

In the above-described detection of water leakage shown in FIG. 16, the linear electrode 2 is arranged on the upper surface of the water-impervious sheet 1. In many cases, sand or the like is spread over the surface 1 to form a protective layer of the water shielding sheet 1. In this case, when the sand or the like is leveled by a bulldozer or the like, the linear electrode 2 may be disconnected. When such a situation occurs, there is a problem that the position of the water leak cannot be confirmed. Further, if the linear electrode is corroded and disconnected, there is also a problem that it is impossible to confirm the water leakage position and maintenance is difficult.

In the detection of water leakage disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-359130, it is necessary to apply a high voltage to a current electrode. When used in a repository, there is a problem that the distribution of the electrodes changes depending on the type of waste and an error occurs.

Furthermore, there is a problem that a leak cannot be confirmed due to disconnection or the like, maintenance is difficult, and waste must be excavated during repair, which makes repair work difficult.

Further, in the detection of water leakage disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-31261, it is difficult to accurately detect the location of the occurrence of water leakage. The construction must be performed with the sheet exposed, and there is a problem that the repair work is troublesome.

Further, in the detection of water leakage disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-63525, since a broken portion is detected and identified from a change in resistance value due to a conductive wire, an abnormality such as disconnection of the conductive wire is likely to occur. However, there is a problem that maintenance work in that case is troublesome.

Further, in any of the above-described methods for detecting water leakage, there is a problem that the scale of damage (water leakage amount) cannot be detected and the state of damage cannot be confirmed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to ascertain the position and scale of a damage without using a high voltage, which is safe, easy to maintain, and reliable. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for detecting a damaged position of a water-blocking structure, a method for detecting a scale of a damaged portion, and a method for repairing a water leakage portion, which can be easily repaired.

[0017]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water-impervious construction section in which a bottom surface is inclined downward toward a predetermined position, and a bottom slope of the water-impervious construction section. The inspection corridor disposed at the lower end position, and on the surface of the water-impervious construction part, laying in a direction away from the audit corridor, centering on the audit corridor position, and the surface of the water-impervious construction part and a plurality of water shield sheet compartment cover, each water shield sheet section is made form seals the periphery of the two sheets thereof,
Wherein an internal each water shield sheet section, the inspection gallery inside and has a breakage position detecting method water-impervious structure that is consolidated over the water collecting-inlet tube, either of the plurality of water shield sheet sections When the sheet body of the impermeable sheet section is damaged, the leachate that has penetrated into the space between the sheet bodies from the damaged portion is subjected to the water collection / injection pipe by the inclination of the bottom surface of the impermeable construction part. Detecting the leakage of the impermeable sheet section in the inspection corridor through the water collection / injection pipe in the inspection corridor; and water·
A step of injecting water into the impermeable sheet section from an injection pipe,
The water pressure in the impermeable sheet section is measured by a water pressure gauge provided on the water collection / injection pipe in the inspection corridor, and when the rate of increase of the water pressure in the impermeable sheet section is reduced or when the water pressure is stable. Obtaining the measured value of the water pressure gauge, and obtaining the height position of the damaged portion by obtaining the height from the water pressure gauge to the water surface in the water shielding sheet section based on the measured value of the water pressure. And a step of obtaining the position of the damaged portion of the sheet member from the height position of the damaged portion and the inclination angle of the bottom surface of the water-impervious construction portion.

According to the present invention, when water leakage from any of the impermeable sheet sections is confirmed, water is injected into the impermeable sheet section from the inspection corridor, and the time when the increase rate of the water pressure is reduced or the water pressure is stabilized. The position of the damaged part of the sheet body can be easily obtained from the measured value of the water pressure gauge in the state and the inclination angle of the bottom surface of the waterproofed construction part, and it can be performed safely without using a high voltage, and Is easy to maintain,
The position of the damaged part can be surely grasped.

Further, since the position of the damaged portion can be reliably grasped, the repair of the damaged portion can be performed easily and in a short time.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the measurement of the water pressure by the water pressure gauge in a state where the water pressure is stable is performed by measuring a water amount at which a water surface position in the waterproof sheet section exceeds at least the damaged portion position. After the water is injected, the measured value is obtained in a state where the water in the waterproof sheet section leaks out from the damaged portion and stops at a constant water pressure.

According to the present invention, it is possible to perform water injection without considering the amount of water injected, the pressure at the time of water injection, and the like. Can be.

The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2
In the water leak detection step, the water pressure of the leachate guided to the water collection / injection pipe is applied to a water pressure gauge provided on the water collection / injection pipe in the inspection corridor to detect the water leakage. It is characterized by.

According to the present invention, it is possible to detect water leakage and the position of the damaged portion with one water pressure gauge for each of the water shielding sheet sections, and the measuring instrument can be simplified.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, an air vent pipe connected to the inside of the inspection corridor is provided in the water-impervious sheet, and the water-impervious sheet is provided. When water is injected into the seat section, the air in the waterproof sheet section is discharged from the air vent pipe into the inspection corridor.

According to the present invention, water injection can be performed easily and reliably by discharging water while discharging the air in the waterproof sheet section, and the pressure during water injection can be relatively low. Becomes

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water-impervious construction section whose bottom surface is inclined downward toward a predetermined position, an inspection corridor provided at a bottom inclined lower end position of the water-impervious construction section, and On the surface of the water-impervious construction section, a plurality of water-impervious sheet sections are provided laid in a direction away from the audit corridor around the audit corridor position and covering the surface of the water-impervious construction section, water shield sheet compartment, made form <br/> seals the periphery of the two sheets thereof, the internal each water shield sheet section and the inspection gallery internal
There a damaged scale detection process of water blocking structure that is consolidated over the water collecting-inlet tube, damage to the seat of one of the water shield sheet section among the plurality of water shield sheets compartments occurs In this case, the leachate that has entered the space between the sheet bodies from the damaged portion is guided to the water collection / injection pipe side by the inclination of the bottom surface of the water shielding construction section, and through the water collection / injection pipe. A step of detecting water leakage of the impermeable sheet section in the inspection corridor; and a step of detecting a fixed amount of water in the impermeable sheet section from the water collection / injection pipe in the inspection corridor of the impermeable sheet section where the leak is detected. Performing a water injection step, and measuring a water pressure in the water impermeable sheet section by a water pressure gauge provided on a water collection / injection pipe in the inspection corridor. After the water level exceeds the damaged part of the sheet body, water injection is further continued, and the damaged part is The difference between the increase rate and the actual water pressure increase rate of the pressure of the case have to calculate the amount of water leakage from the damaged portion, characterized in that it comprises a step of determining the damage scale, the.

According to the present invention, while continuously injecting a fixed amount of water into the impermeable sheet section where the water leakage is detected,
By measuring the water pressure, the difference between the actual increase rate of the water pressure after the change of the increase rate of the water pressure and the increase rate of the water pressure when there is no broken part can easily and reliably calculate the leak amount. .

Further, since a high voltage or the like is not used in detecting the scale of damage, it is safe and maintenance is easy.

Furthermore, since the scale of damage can be reliably grasped, when repairing a damaged part, repair can be performed by selecting a repair method corresponding to the scale of the damaged part in advance.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect, when the water pressure in the waterproof sheet section does not increase after the water level exceeds the damaged portion of the sheet body, the water injection amount is gradually increased. At the stage when the measured value of the water pressure gauge starts to increase, the difference between the rate of increase of the water pressure and the rate of increase of the actual water pressure caused when there is no broken part due to the increased water injection amount causes the breakage. The amount of water leakage from the section is calculated.

According to the present invention, it is possible to reliably detect the size of a damaged portion even if the damaged portion has a large amount of water leaking from the damaged portion exceeding the initial water injection amount.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water-impervious construction section whose bottom surface is inclined downward toward a predetermined position, an inspection corridor provided at a bottom inclined lower end position of the water-impervious construction section, and On the surface of the water-impervious construction section, a plurality of water-impervious sheet sections are provided laid in a direction away from the audit corridor around the audit corridor position and covering the surface of the water-impervious construction section, water shield sheet compartment, made form <br/> seals the periphery of the two sheets thereof, the internal each water shield sheet section and the inspection gallery internal
There a damaged scale detection process of water blocking structure that is consolidated over the water collecting-inlet tube, damage to the seat of one of the water shield sheet section among the plurality of water shield sheets compartments occurs In this case, the leachate that has entered the space between the sheet bodies from the damaged portion is guided to the water collection / injection pipe side by the inclination of the bottom surface of the water shielding construction section, and through the water collection / injection pipe. A step of detecting water leakage of the impermeable sheet section in the inspection corridor, and injecting water into the impermeable sheet section from the water collection / injection pipe in the inspection corridor of the impermeable sheet section where the water leakage is detected. Performing, and after injecting water until the water level in the impermeable sheet section exceeds the damaged portion of the sheet body, stopping the water injection,
The water pressure in the impermeable sheet section when water injection is stopped is measured by a water pressure gauge provided on the water collection / injection pipe in the audit corridor, and the water pressure is reduced from the water pressure when the water injection is stopped, and the water pressure is reduced from the damaged part. Calculating the amount of water leakage and calculating the scale of damage.

According to the present invention, since the injection of water is stopped at the time of measuring the water pressure, accurate measurement can be performed without being affected by the injection of water, and a more accurate measurement of the damage scale can be performed. In particular, in this case, it is possible to detect the damage scale more accurately for a damaged portion having a relatively small damage scale. Furthermore, water injection can be performed without considering the water injection amount and water injection pressure at the time of water injection, and water injection management becomes easy.

Further, since a high voltage or the like is not used for detecting the scale of damage, it is safe and maintenance is easy.

Furthermore, since the scale of damage can be reliably grasped, when repairing a damaged part, repair can be performed by selecting a repair method corresponding to the scale of the damaged part in advance.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the seventh aspect, the water is injected into the water-blocking sheet section with a constant amount of water.

According to the present invention, by injecting a fixed amount of water, it is possible to easily grasp the state where the damaged position is reached,
The subsequent water injection amount can also be easily calculated.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the fifth to eighth aspects, in the water leakage detecting step, the water collecting / collecting step is performed.
The water pressure of the leachate led to the injection pipe is
Water leakage is detected by acting on a water pressure gauge provided in the injection pipe.

According to the present invention, the water leak can be detected and the damage scale of the damaged portion can be detected by one water pressure gauge for each of the water shielding sheet sections, and the measuring instrument can be simplified.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the inspection corridor according to any one of the fifth to ninth aspects, the impermeable sheet is provided in the inspection corridor .
Parts and the air vent pipe connected is arranged, wherein at the time of water injection into water shield sheet compartment, characterized in that it discharged into the air inspection gallery of water shield sheet compartment from the vent line.

According to the present invention, water injection can be performed easily and reliably by discharging water while discharging the air in the waterproof sheet section, and the pressure at the time of water injection can be relatively low. Becomes

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, the water leakage is generated based on the damage position or the damage scale detected by the damage position detecting method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the damage scale detecting method according to any one of claims 5 to 10. Calculating the injection amount of the water-stopping material into the water-blocking sheet section; and applying the calculated water-stopping material to the water-blocking sheet section of the water-blocking sheet section in which the water leakage occurs.
A step of injecting water from the inspection corridor into the water-blocking sheet section through an injection pipe and solidifying the same to thereby stop water.

According to the present invention, the required amount of the waterproof material is injected by determining the injection amount of the waterproof material based on the detection result of the damage position and the damage scale, and the damaged portion can be reliably injected. Repairs can be made.

In addition, the repair can be reliably performed only by injecting the waterproof material from the inspection corridor, and the repair can be performed easily and in a short time as compared with the case where the damaged portion is repaired by excavation from the outside. be able to.

[0045]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 15 are views showing a state in which the water impermeable structure of the present invention is used in a final waste disposal site according to one embodiment.

The final waste disposal site 10 in this embodiment has a bottom surface 14 and slopes 16a, 16b shown in FIG.
The water-impregnated construction part 18 is formed.

As shown also in FIGS. 8 and 13, the bottom surface 14 has a gradient that is inclined downward at a predetermined angle θ (see FIG. 9) from the position of the slope 16a toward the center in the direction of arrow A. It is in a state. Slope 16a, 16b
Small step 2 between slopes 16a and 16b, 16b and 16b
It is a multi-stage shape in which 0 is continuously formed in an annular shape.

Then, the inspection corridor 22, the first water-impervious sheet 24, and the second water-impervious sheet 26 are provided in the water-impervious construction section 18 formed in this way, and the water-impervious structure is provided. I try to build.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 7, 8, and 13, the inspection corridor 22 is formed in a substantially rectangular cross section by reinforced concrete or the like.
4 is buried over substantially the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the central portion, which is the lowest position where it is inclined downward, so that the upper surface thereof is substantially the same height as the bottom surface 14.

Further, one end of the inspection corridor 22 is formed in a T-shape as shown in FIG. 1, and the other end is exposed to the ground as shown in FIG.

Further, two drain grooves 28 are formed on the bottom surface of the inspection corridor 22 along the side wall so that water in the inspection corridor 22 can be discharged to the outside, and a ventilation pipe 30 is provided. Thus, ventilation in the inspection corridor 22 can be performed.

As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 8, and FIG.
And a second water-impervious sheet 2 that covers the bottom slope 16a.
Numeral 6 covers from the lowermost step 20 to the uppermost step 16b.

The first impermeable sheet 24 has a plurality of impermeable sheet sections 24a, and the impermeable sheet sections 24a are, as shown in FIG. And upper and lower cushion members 36, 34 disposed between the sheet members 32, 34 and facing each other.
3 and a drain material 40 disposed between the cushion materials 36, 38 and the like are laminated, and as shown in FIG. 3, a water collecting / injecting pipe 42 and an air vent pipe 44 are integrally formed. ing.

The upper and lower sheet members 32 and 34 are made of long sheets, and are made of a material having water shielding and flexibility, for example, polyethylene (PE), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polypropylene ( PP) and other synthetic resin systems, ethylene propylene diene monomer (E
Synthetic rubbers such as PDM) and butyl rubber, and asphalt rubbers can be used. Preferably, a material that can be thermally fused is used.

The upper and lower cushion members 36 and 38 protect the upper and lower sheet members 32 and 34, respectively.
Even when a certain amount of force is applied to the surfaces of the sheet members 32 and 34 by the waste 74 or the like, the sheet members 32 and 34 have a thickness and elasticity enough to absorb the force and prevent breakage of the sheet members 32 and 34. It is necessary. In the present embodiment, a nonwoven fabric is used as the cushion members 36 and 38. It is also possible to use a material such as a flexible foam material instead of the nonwoven fabric.

Further, in this embodiment, the thickness of the lower cushion material 38 is made larger than that of the upper cushion material 36.

As shown in FIG. 6, the drain material 40 is for forming a communicating portion 46 between the sheet members 32 and 34. As shown in FIG. This is a high pressure-resistant drainage material in which a water-permeable filter 52 is attached to both sides of a sheet-like core material 50 having a water passage hole 48 formed therein.

The sheet-shaped core material 50 is in a state in which a plastic sheet (high-density polyethylene sheet) formed in a regular irregular shape is covered with a polypropylene nonwoven fabric.

As the drain material 40, in addition to the drain material shown in FIG. 6, for example, it is also possible to use a state in which plastic nets are stacked to ensure water permeability.

Then, as shown in FIG.
2, 34, cushion materials 36, 38 and drain material 40
Are laminated, the peripheral portions of the upper and lower sheet members 32 and 34 are sealed, and the inside is formed as an independent communication state.

For sealing the peripheral portions of the sheet members 32 and 34, for example, a material of the same quality as the sheet members 32 and 34 is disposed on the peripheral portion, and the upper and lower sheet members 32 and 34 are heat-sealed.
It is closed by fixing to.

The water collection / injection pipe 42 is provided in the waterproof sheet section 24.
In order to take out the infiltrated water that has entered the inside of the water-blocking sheet section 24a and to inject the water-blocking material into the water-blocking sheet section 24a, two pieces are provided at one end of the water-blocking sheet section 24a, as shown in FIG. It is in a state of being left.

Each of the water collection / injection pipes 42 is connected to the drain material 40 with one end exposed from the lower sheet body 34.

The air vent pipe 44 is for discharging air from the water-impermeable sheet section 24a when the water-blocking material is injected from the water collecting / injecting pipe 42 into the water-impermeable sheet section 24a. As shown in the drawing, two water-impervious sheet sections 24a are provided in both sides in the longitudinal direction over substantially the entire length of the side.

Further, one end of the air vent pipe 44 is exposed from one end of the lower sheet member 34.

Further, the water collecting / injecting pipe 44 and the air vent pipe 44 are formed of a flexible hose having pressure resistance. The water collection / injection pipe 42 and the air release pipe 4
The sheet body 34 on the lower side of the mounting portion 4 is formed to be thicker than other portions in order to improve the strength of the mounting portion.

When the thus formed waterproof sheet section 24a is disposed in the waterproofed portion 18, the slopes 16a, 16 including the bottom surface 14 and the small step portion 20 are provided.
As shown in FIG. 5, a cushion material 53 having the same thickness as the lower cushion material 38 is spread over the surface of the inspection corridor 22 as shown in FIG. One end of the impermeable sheet section 24a is located, one end of the water collection / injection pipe 42 and one end of the air vent pipe 44 are connected to the inspection gallery 22 at the upper and lower parts, and the other end is separated from the bottom face 14 in a direction away from the inspection gallery 22. In addition to being laid on the slope 16a, the plurality of impermeable sheet sections 24a are connected in the axial direction of the inspection corridor 22 so that each impermeable sheet section 24a forms an independent individual block.

In the T-shaped portion formed at one end of the inspection corridor 22, the impermeable sheet sections 24a are similarly formed, and the impermeable sheet sections 24a are connected to each other. The connection between the water impermeable sheet sections 24a is performed by heat fusion.

The second water-impervious sheet 26 includes a sheet 32,
It is composed of a long sheet made of the same material as 34,
The first water-impervious sheet 24 and the second water-impervious sheets 26 are connected to each other by thermal fusion.

Then, the water-impregnated construction part 18
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 13, a protective sand 54 is applied to a predetermined thickness on the first water-impervious sheet 24 and the second water-impervious sheet 26 covering the surface of the first water-impervious sheet 24. In addition, the protection of the second impermeable sheet 26 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 14, a drain pipe 56 is provided in the protective sand 54 to discharge the leachate in the final waste disposal site 10 to a leachate reservoir 58 formed in the periphery. After the water is treated from the leachate reservoir 58 by the water treatment facility 60, the water is discharged to the river 62 or the like.

Also, in the inspection corridor 22, FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 7, a water pressure gauge 64 is attached to the water collecting / injection pipe 42, and when the water impermeable sheet section 24a is damaged, the leachate that has entered the water impermeable sheet section 24a is collected by the water collecting / injecting pipe 42.
The water pressure acts on the water pressure gauge 64 through
Leakage can be detected. Further, a measuring cable 66 is connected to the water pressure gauge 64, and the presence or absence of water leakage can be monitored at an external management station (not shown) via the measuring cable 66.

In this embodiment, the pipe corridor 22 is used as a reservoir for leachate from the final waste disposal site 10 in an emergency.

[0075] That is, as shown in Figure 14, superintendent査廊2
2 and connected to the leachate reservoirs 58 and discharge pipe 56, as well as to be drained from the drain pipe 56 to the superintendent査廊22, to allow drainage from statutory査廊22 to leachate reservoir 58.

[0076] For example, water barrier when the upper and lower portions of the sheets 32, 34 of the seat section 24a is damaged both, superintendent through the first water shield sheet 24 much water leakage from the relationship between the pressure <br/>査廊22 In particular, during heavy rain, the amount of water leakage is large, and the amount of leachate from the final waste disposal site 10 is also large, which may exceed the capacity of the leachate reservoir 58. In this case, the first impermeable sheet and to allow one o'clock reservoir in audit査廊22 water leakage from 24.

Even if the first impermeable sheet 24 is not damaged, if there is a possibility that rainwater overflows from the final disposal site 10 due to heavy rain exceeding the designed rainfall.
The audit corridor 22 is used as a water reservoir to prevent rainwater from overflowing.

Next, a description will be given of a method of detecting a damaged position of the water-blocking structure, a method of detecting the size of the damaged layer, and a method of repairing a water leakage portion.

First, the sheet bodies 32, 34 of any of the plurality of impermeable sheet sections 24a among the plurality of impermeable sheet sections 24a.
8, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, when there is a damaged portion 70 in the upper sheet body 32, as shown in FIG.
Leaching water enters between the sheet bodies 32 and 34 from the sheet.

The leachate that has entered between the sheet members 32 and 34 flows down to the inspection corridor 22 side as indicated by the arrow in the figure due to a gradient of a predetermined angle θ formed on the bottom surface 14 of the water-shielded construction portion 18. .

In this case, since the upper and lower sheet bodies 32 and 34 are closed at the outer periphery and the communicating part 46 is formed inside by the drain material 40, First impermeable sheet 24 with 70
Through the communication part 46 in the inside, it surely flows down to the inspection corridor 22 side.

In this case, since the drain member 40 is pressure-resistant, the communication portion 46 can be reliably secured without being crushed by the overload.

The inspection corridor 22 is located in the waterproof sheet section 24a.
The leachate that has moved to the side is connected to the drain material 40 and is connected to the water collection / injection pipe 42 connected to the upper surface of the inspection corridor 22.
Will be led inside.

The leachate guided into the collection / injection pipe 42 is:
It is led into the audit corridor 22 through the water collection / injection pipe 42,
Water pressure gauge 64 attached to the water collection / injection pipe 42 of the audit corridor 22
The water pressure gauge 64 detects the leakage of water from the damaged impermeable sheet section 24a.

The detection value detected by the water pressure gauge 64 is sent to an external management station (not shown) via a measurement cable 66 in the inspection corridor 22, and the management station monitors the presence or absence of water leakage.

In this case, if the value of the water pressure gauge 64 increases, there is a possibility that water leakage may occur in the waterproof sheet section 24a.
It is preferable to open the valve of the water collection / injection pipe 42 in (a) and visually check the presence or absence of water leakage.

As described above, the plurality of waterproof sheet sections 24a
By detecting the occurrence of water leakage in each block of the water shielding sheet section 24a, it is possible to detect the water leakage with a simple structure without providing a special pipe or the like.

Next, as described above, after detecting the occurrence of water leakage in any of the water-impervious sheet sections 24a, as shown in FIG.
Water is injected from the water collection / injection pipe 42 in the audit corridor 22.

In this case, for example, the impermeable sheet section 24a
When the water pressure in the water impermeable sheet section 24a is measured by a water pressure gauge 64 provided in the water collection / injection pipe 42 in the audit corridor 22, the water impervious sheet section 24a
The internal water pressure increases at a constant increase rate, and when reaching the position of the damaged portion 70, water leaks from the damaged portion 70 to the outside, so that the water pressure starts to decrease from the constant increase rate.

Therefore, the measurement value ΔH of the water pressure gauge 64 at the time when the water pressure decreases from a constant increase rate is obtained.

Next, the height from the water pressure gauge 64 to the water surface located at the damaged portion 70 in the waterproof sheet section 24a is obtained from the measured value ΔH, thereby obtaining the height position of the damaged portion 70.

Then, from the height position of the damaged portion 70 and the inclination angle θ of the bottom surface 14 of the water-impregnated construction portion 18, the sheet 3
By calculating the distance L to the second damaged portion 70, the position of the damaged portion 70 can be easily and reliably obtained.

In this case, as for the position of the damaged portion 70, the position in the length direction of the impermeable sheet section 24a is obtained, and the position in the width direction is not obtained. Since the length in the vertical direction is much longer, as long as the position in the vertical direction can be detected, there is no problem in repairing as long as a repair method described later is adopted. .

In detecting the position of the damaged portion 70,
As described above, in addition to the case where the water injection is continued and the measurement value ΔH of the water pressure gauge is detected at the time when the rate of increase of the water pressure decreases,
For example, the impermeable sheet section 24 is provided in the impermeable sheet section 24a.
After water injection is performed with a sufficient amount of water so that the water surface position in a exceeds the position of at least the damaged portion 70, the water injection is stopped, and the water in the impermeable sheet section 24a leaks out from the damaged portion 70 to a certain level. It is also possible to obtain the measured value ΔH of the water pressure gauge 64 in a state where the water pressure is stopped and the water surface position is stabilized.

In this manner, the measurement can be performed without controlling the water amount and the water pressure at the time of water injection, and more accurate measurement can be performed without being affected by the water injection. .

Note that when water is injected at the time of this position detection,
By discharging the air in the water-blocking sheet section 24a from the air vent pipe 44 into the inspection corridor 22, the water injection can be performed easily and reliably.

Next, the case of detecting the damage scale will be described with reference to FIGS.

In the case of detecting the damage scale, similarly to the case of detecting the damage position, water is injected into the impermeable sheet section 24a where the water leak has occurred, and the measured value of the water pressure by the water pressure gauge 64 is detected. 10 to 12
Shows the relationship between water pressure and time.

First, the case shown in FIG. 10 shows a case where water is injected with a constant water amount, the amount of water leakage from the damaged part is larger than this water injection amount, and the scale of damage is large.

In this case, the impermeable sheet section 24 is provided with a certain amount of water.
When water is injected into a, the water pressure rises at a constant increase rate as shown by M, and when water is injected to the position of the damaged portion 70,
Since the amount of water leaking from the damaged portion 70 is larger than the amount of water injected, the water pressure does not increase as shown by N, but shows a constant value even if water injection is continued.

Therefore, if the water injection amount is increased stepwise, the water injection amount exceeds the water leakage amount from the damaged portion 70,
The measurement value of the water pressure gauge 64 starts to increase again as indicated by O.

Then, at the stage when the measured value of the water pressure gauge 64 starts to increase, the increase rate of the water pressure that occurs when there is no broken portion 70 due to the increased water injection amount, and the increase of the actual water pressure indicated by O The amount of water leakage from the damaged part 70 is calculated based on the difference from the rate, and the scale of damage is determined.

Next, the case shown in FIG. 11 shows a case in which water is injected at a constant water amount, and the amount of water leaking from the damaged portion is smaller than this water injection amount, and the damage is of a medium damage level.

In this case, the impermeable sheet section 24 is provided with a certain amount of water.
When water is injected into a, the water pressure rises at a constant increase rate as shown by M, and when water is injected to the position of the damaged portion 70,
Since the amount of water leaking from the damaged portion 70 is smaller than the amount of water injection, if water injection is continued, the water pressure will decrease and increase below a certain rate as indicated by P.

Therefore, the difference R between the increase rate of the water pressure when there is no broken portion 70 as indicated by Q and the actual increase rate of the water pressure as shown by P indicates the water leakage from the damaged portion 70. The amount is calculated to determine the size of the damage.

Next, the case shown in FIG. 12 shows a state of detection of a damage scale of small to minute.

In this case, while the water pressure is measured by the water pressure gauge 64, the water is injected into the water-blocking sheet section 24a with a constant amount of water.

By this water injection, as shown by M, the water pressure in the impermeable sheet section 24a increases at a constant increasing rate, and the water in the impermeable sheet section 24a reaches the position of the damaged portion 70.
After the rate of increase in the water pressure changes to slightly decrease as shown by S, water injection is continued for a further fixed time.

The water injection is continued for the given period of time, and after the water in the water impermeable sheet section 24a has sufficiently exceeded the position of the damaged portion 70, the water injection is stopped.

When the injection of water is stopped, the water injected beyond the position of the damaged portion 70 leaks from the damaged portion 70, and as shown by T, the water pressure gradually decreases.

Therefore, the rate of decrease in the water pressure is measured, and the amount of water leakage from the damaged portion 70 is calculated based on the rate of decrease, and the scale of the damage is determined.

By detecting such a damage scale, a more accurate measurement result can be obtained than a measurement result of the water pressure during water injection, and a small to minute damage scale can be detected more accurately. It will be.

Also, in this case, without pouring a fixed amount of water at the time of pouring water, water of a water amount sufficiently exceeding the position of the damaged portion is poured into the water-blocking sheet section 24a, and the water pressure at the time of the stop of the water injection is reduced. It is also possible to measure the rate of decrease in water pressure.

Further, the detection of the damage scale in this case is not limited to the small to minute damage scale.
It can be applied to the damaged part of the damage scale of the extent that the leakage amount is smaller than the water injection amount.

As described above, by measuring the water pressure by the water pressure gauge 64, it is possible to easily and surely grasp the scale of the damage.

Next, the damaged portion 7 of the water impermeable sheet section 24a
After ascertaining the position of 0 and the scale of damage, the audit gallery 22
As shown in FIG. 13, the water-stopping material injection device 72 is carried in, and the water pressure gauge 64 is removed from one of the water collection / injection pipes 42 of the water-blocking sheet section 24 a where water leakage has occurred.
The water blocking material injection device 72 is connected to the injection pipe 42.

Then, the water-stopping material injection device 72 injects the water-stopping material into the water-blocking sheet section 24a through the water injection / injection pipe 42.

In this case, the injection amount of the water-stopping material can reliably fill the water-blocking sheet section 24a up to the position of the broken section 70 in the water-blocking sheet section 24a.
The amount is determined so that a sufficient water-stop solidified material 74 can be formed around the outside of the damaged portion in accordance with the damage scale of the damaged portion 70, and is calculated so as to reliably prevent water leakage from the damaged portion 70.

At the time of the injection of the waterproof material, the inspection corridor 22
The air vent pipe 44 is opened, and a waterproof material is injected at a predetermined pressure while the air in the waterproof sheet section 24a is evacuated, and the waterproof material is filled into the waterproof sheet section 24a.

In this case, since the air vent pipe 44 has a length extending over the entire length of the waterproof sheet section 24a, the waterproof material is injected only in one direction from the end of the waterproof sheet section 24a on the inspection corridor side. However, since the water-stopping material can be reliably injected into the end portion away from the inspection corridor 22, and two air vent pipes 44 are provided, it is assumed that one of the air vent pipes 44 is clogged. Also, the air in the waterproof sheet section 24a can be reliably discharged by the other air vent pipe. Further, by injecting the water-stopping material while discharging the air in the water-blocking sheet section 24a by the air vent pipe 44, the water-stopping material can be easily and reliably injected.

Here, as the water-stopping material, a material having a gel time sufficient to fill the required amount of the water-stopping material in the water-blocking sheet section 24a, that is, a low-viscosity water-stopping material, is used. The water material can be reliably filled in the water-blocking sheet section 24a.

Specifically, as a water-stopping material, a material mainly composed of a hydrophilic urethane prepolymer is mixed and dispersed with water at an arbitrary ratio and melted, and directly reacts with water to form a gel, thereby forming a rubber elastic material. Uses a gel that forms a hydrous gel and exhibits a water-stopping effect.

For example, a water-stopping material having a gel time of 45 to 90 minutes is desirable, and specifically, a temperature of 20 ° C. as shown in FIG.
A gel time of about 60 minutes can be adopted under the conditions described above.
Set the number of.

After the water-stopping material is sufficiently injected into the water-blocking sheet section 24a, the water-stopping material injection device 72 is removed from the water-collecting / injection pipe 42, and the water-collecting / injection pipe 42 and the air vent pipe 44 are removed. If it is closed and solidified, the water-blocking sheet section 24a in which water leakage has occurred can be easily and quickly repaired in block units.

After repairing the impermeable sheet section 24a in which water leakage has occurred in this manner, the other impermeable sheet sections 24a are repaired.
When water leaks in a, repair can be easily performed by repeating the same steps as described above. Also,
Even if water leaks again after the repair, it is a rubber-like water-containing gel-like water-stop material, so by re-injecting it, a gap is formed between the water-stop material and the sheet body to remove the water-stop material. It is possible to fill.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be modified into various embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

For example, the arrangement state of the inspection corridor is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various combinations are possible according to the application.

Further, the impermeable structure of the present invention can be applied to regulating ponds, dams and the like in addition to the final waste disposal site.

Further, not only when excavating the ground surface,
It can also be used as a water-blocking structure when raised on the ground surface.

[0130]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective sectional view showing a waste disposal site according to an embodiment using a water impermeable structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing a relationship between an inspection corridor and a waterproof sheet section in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a water collection / injection pipe and an air vent pipe of a water impermeable sheet section in the state of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a seepage control sheet section in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view showing a state of a drain material in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a state of an inspection hall according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of the water impermeable sheet section in the present embodiment at the time of water leakage.

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which a breakage position of a water-impervious sheet section in which water leakage has occurred in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between water pressure and time in a state where a damage scale of a large damaged portion is detected.

FIG. 11 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between water pressure and time in a state where a damage scale of a moderately damaged portion is detected.

FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between water pressure and time in a state of detecting a damage scale of a minute damaged portion.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the waterproof sheet section is repaired from the state of FIG. 8;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which an audit corridor is used for storing water in an emergency in the present embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a characteristic diagram illustrating an example of a gel time of a water stopping material according to the present embodiment.

FIGS. 16 (1) and (2) are explanatory views showing a conventional leak detection method for detecting a water leak detection state by switching electrodes.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Final waste disposal site 14 Bottom surface 16a, 16b Slope 18 Waterproof construction part 22 Audit corridor 24 First waterproof sheet 24a Waterproof sheet section 26 Second waterproof sheet 32, 34 Sheet body 36, 38 Cushion Material 40 Drainage material 42 Water collection / injection pipe 44 Air vent pipe 46 Communication part 64 Water pressure gauge 70 Damaged part 72 Waterproof material θ Angle of inclination of the bottom surface of water-impervious construction section ΔH Water pressure measurement value of damaged part position in water-impervious sheet section L Distance to damaged part

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-7-308648 (JP, A) JP-A-7-214026 (JP, A) JP-A-7-185496 (JP, A) JP-A-7-185496 75765 (JP, A) JP-A-6-142631 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01M 3/04 B09B 1/00 ZAB E02B 7/02

Claims (11)

(57) [Claims] 1. A water-impervious construction part whose bottom surface is inclined downward toward a predetermined position, an inspection corridor disposed at a bottom inclined lower end position of the water-impervious construction part, and a surface of the water-impervious construction part A plurality of water-impervious sheet sections that are laid in a direction away from the audit corridor and that cover the surface of the water-impervious construction part, with the audit corridor position as the center, the periphery of the two sheet bodies made form was sealed and the and within each water shield sheet section, and the inside of the audit <br/>査廊is consolidated through the water collecting-injection pipe seepage control A method for detecting a damaged position of a structure, wherein when the sheet body of any of the water-impervious sheet sections among the plurality of water-impervious sheet sections is damaged, the sheet penetrates into the space between the sheet bodies from the damaged portion. The leachate is guided to the water collection / injection pipe side by the inclination of the bottom surface of the water shielded construction part, and the water collection / injection Detecting the water leakage of the impermeable sheet section in the inspection corridor through the watertight sheet section from the water collection / injection pipe in the inspection corridor of the impermeable sheet section where the water leakage is detected. And measuring the water pressure in the impermeable sheet section with a water pressure gauge provided on the water collection / injection pipe in the audit corridor, and when the rate of increase in the water pressure in the impermeable sheet section decreases. Or a step of obtaining a measurement value of the water pressure gauge in a state where the water pressure is stable, and by measuring the height of the water pressure from the water pressure gauge to the water surface in the impermeable sheet section, based on the measurement value of the water pressure, thereby obtaining the damaged portion. Determining a position of a damaged portion of the sheet body from a height position of the damaged portion and an inclination angle of a bottom surface of the water-shielded construction portion. Water structure damage location detection method. 2. The water pressure measurement according to claim 1, wherein the water pressure is measured by the water pressure gauge in a state where the water pressure is stable after the water level in the water impermeable sheet section exceeds at least the damaged portion position. And detecting a measured value in a state where water in the waterproof sheet section leaks from the damaged portion to the outside and stops at a constant water pressure. 3. The water pressure gauge according to claim 1, wherein in the water leakage detecting step, the pressure of the leachate guided to the water collecting / injection pipe is provided in the water collecting / injecting pipe in the inspection corridor. A method for detecting the location of a break in a water-blocking structure, wherein the method detects water leakage by acting on the surface. 4. An air vent tube connected to the inside of the inspection corridor is provided in the water impermeable sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the air vent is provided when water is injected into the water impermeable sheet section. A method for detecting a broken position of a water-impervious structure, comprising discharging air in a water-impervious sheet section from a pipe into an inspection corridor. 5. A water-impervious construction part whose bottom surface is inclined downward toward a predetermined position, an audit corridor disposed at a bottom inclined lower end position of the water-impervious construction part, and a surface of the water-impervious construction part A plurality of water-impervious sheet sections that are laid in a direction away from the audit corridor and that cover the surface of the water-impervious construction part, with the audit corridor position as the center, the periphery of the two sheet bodies made form was sealed and breakage scale detection method of the water-impervious structure in which each water shield sheet compartment interior and the interior of the inspection gallery is consolidated through the water collecting-injection tube When breakage occurs in the sheet body of any of the water-blocking sheet sections among the plurality of water-blocking sheet sections, the leachate that has penetrated into the space between the sheet bodies from the damaged portion is covered with the water. Due to the inclination of the bottom of the impermeable section, it is guided to the water collection / injection pipe side and passes through the water collection / injection pipe. Detecting the water leakage of the impermeable sheet section in the inspection corridor, and detecting the water leakage in the impermeable sheet section from the water collection / injection pipe in the inspection corridor of the impermeable sheet section where the water leakage is detected. A step of injecting an amount of water, and measuring a water pressure in the water impervious sheet section by a water pressure gauge provided on a water collection / injection pipe in the audit corridor, and a rate of increase in the water pressure changes to change the water impervious sheet section. After the water level inside the sheet exceeds the damaged portion of the sheet body, water injection is further continued, and water leakage from the damaged portion is caused by a difference between a rate of increase in water pressure when there is no broken portion and an actual rate of increase in water pressure. Calculating the amount and calculating the scale of damage. 6. The water pressure gauge according to claim 5, wherein the water injection amount is increased stepwise if the water pressure in the water impermeable sheet section does not increase after the water level exceeds the damaged portion of the sheet body. At the stage when the measured value starts to increase, the difference between the rate of increase in water pressure and the rate of increase in actual water pressure that would occur if the damaged portion was not present due to the increased water injection amount, the amount of water leakage from the damaged portion A method for detecting the scale of damage to a water-impervious structure, characterized by calculating 7. A water-impervious construction part whose bottom surface is inclined downward toward a predetermined position, an inspection corridor disposed at a bottom inclined lower end position of the water-impervious construction part, and a surface of the water-impervious construction part A plurality of water-impervious sheet sections that are laid in a direction away from the audit corridor and that cover the surface of the water-impervious construction part, with the audit corridor position as the center, the periphery of the two sheet bodies made form was sealed and breakage scale detection method of the water-impervious structure in which each water shield sheet compartment interior and the interior of the inspection gallery is consolidated through the water collecting-injection tube When breakage occurs in the sheet body of any of the water-blocking sheet sections among the plurality of water-blocking sheet sections, the leachate that has penetrated into the space between the sheet bodies from the damaged portion is covered with the water. Due to the inclination of the bottom of the impermeable section, it is guided to the water collection / injection pipe side and passes through the water collection / injection pipe. Detecting water leakage of the impermeable sheet section in the inspection corridor, and injecting water into the impermeable sheet section from the water collection / injection pipe in the inspection corridor of the impermeable sheet section where the water leakage is detected. Performing a water injection step until the water level in the impermeable sheet section exceeds the damaged portion of the sheet body, and then stopping the water injection, and a water pressure gauge provided on a water collection / injection pipe in the audit corridor. Measuring the water pressure in the water impermeable sheet section at the time of stopping water injection, calculating the amount of water leakage from the damaged portion based on the rate of decrease in water pressure from the water pressure at the time of stopping water injection, and determining the scale of damage. A method for detecting the scale of damage of a water impermeable structure. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the water is injected into the water-blocking sheet section with a fixed amount of water. 9. The water collection / injection pipe in the inspection corridor according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein in the water leakage detection step, the pressure of the leachate introduced into the water collection / injection pipe is provided. A method for detecting the scale of damage to a water-blocking structure, characterized by detecting water leakage by acting on a damaged water pressure gauge. 10. The water impermeable sheet according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein an air vent pipe connected to the inside of the inspection corridor is provided in the water impermeable sheet, and when water is injected into the water impermeable sheet section, the air vent is released. A method for detecting the scale of damage to a water-impervious structure, comprising discharging air in a water-impervious sheet section from a pipe into an audit corridor. 11. Based on the damage position or the damage scale detected by the damage position detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the damage scale detection method according to any one of claims 5 to 10, enter the water-blocking sheet section where the water leakage occurs. Calculating the injection amount of the water-stopping material in the inspection corridor from the inspection corridor through the water-collecting / injection pipe of the water-blocking sheet section in which the water leakage has occurred, A method of injecting water into a water sheet section and solidifying the water to stop water, and a method of repairing a water leaking portion of a water impermeable structure.