JP3074014B2 - Flange assembly disassembly device using fluid pressure - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for assembling and disassembling a large-diameter flange portion such as a large-sized pressure vessel, a heat exchanger or a pump. The present invention relates to an assembling / disassembling apparatus using a fluid pressure which can achieve an appropriate and uniform bolt tightening force and can be easily and safely and quickly assembled and disassembled.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, a so-called torque method using a power wrench or an impact wrench is used for fastening the flange portion. However, this method inherently causes variations in the tightening force of a plurality of tightening bolts, and therefore causes an accident such as leakage, especially for a large and high-pressure flange, and tightens the bolts. The work required a high level of skill and was inferior in workability.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned difficulties, a so-called stud tensioner method has recently been adopted for applying a tension in the axial direction to a bolt before tightening a large-sized and high-pressure flange portion. According to this method, the above-mentioned variation in the bolt tightening force is eliminated, and the advantage that relatively little skill is required is obtained.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, even in the above-described stud tensioner method, the flange portion is tightened (assembled) and released (disassembled).
The work requires a stud tensioner that is also moved externally as an alternative to the wrench in the case of the torque method, and its operation requires preparatory mounting work and sufficient working space, as described above. The difficulty of inferiority was not essentially solved.

In particular, since pumps are usually of a horizontal type, in particular, in order to use a stud tensioner, it may be necessary to install a special stand or the like for access to these pumps. I do. Furthermore, when the flange portion becomes large, the stud tensioner itself becomes heavier together with the flange, bolt and nut.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to achieve an appropriate and uniform bolt tightening force even for a large flange portion,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for assembling and disassembling a flange portion using a fluid pressure, which can easily, particularly if necessary automatically, safely and quickly perform assembling and disassembling operations.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, an apparatus for assembling and disassembling a flange portion using a fluid pressure according to the present invention is provided with a through hole for each of the tightening bolts of one of the flanges constituting the flange portion and a continuous with the flange tightening surface. And a piston which is externally inserted into the tightening bolt and inserted into the cylinder chamber at one end of each tightening bolt, and which is screwed or integrated with the tightening bolt. A plurality of sector wedges formed on a tapered surface formed on the lower surface of the nut to maintain the gap when a gap is generated between the nut and the flange tightening surface. And a fluid pressure supply means for applying a fluid pressure to each of the cylinder chambers is provided on the outer periphery of the flange portion.

In this case, it is preferable that the other end of each tightening bolt is screwed to the other flange.

Further, the fluid pressure supply means pressurizes the fluid in the reservoir to a predetermined pressure and supplies the fluid to each cylinder chamber by a pneumatic drive fluid pressure pump via a piping system, and also supplies the pressurized fluid in each cylinder chamber to the reservoir chamber. The pneumatically driven hydraulic pump may have a piston type pump portion and a booster air piston interlocked with the pump piston, and the pump portion may be configured to be released through a cycle valve and a switching valve. And a pneumatic drive unit to be driven.

[Action]

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the assembly and disassembly apparatus of the flange part using the fluid pressure of this invention, the cylinder chamber provided in a flange, the piston and nut mounted | worn with a tightening bolt, and it mounts | wears with the taper surface formed in the lower surface of the said nut. A bolt tensioner mechanism for pre-tensioning the tightening bolt with the plurality of sector wedges when the bolt is tightened is formed inside the flange portion, and fluid pressure supply means for operating the bolt tensioner mechanism is provided on the outer periphery of the flange portion. You.

Therefore, even if the flange portion is large and high pressure, the bolt tensioner mechanism achieves an appropriate and uniform tightening force for each tightening bolt, and the tool is operated by operating the fluid pressure supply means. Further, the assembling and disassembling work of the flange portion can be easily, safely and quickly performed as needed without using.

Since the assembling / disassembling apparatus of the present invention is operated quickly and automatically as described above, it can be suitably applied to an atmosphere exposed to radiation or a dangerous place. Has the advantage that it can be safely applied even in an explosion-proof atmosphere because it is operated pneumatically.

〔Example〕

Next, an embodiment of an apparatus for assembling and disassembling a flange portion using a fluid pressure according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the assembling / disassembling apparatus according to the present invention basically includes a bolt tensioner mechanism 16 provided inside one flange 12 constituting the flange portion 10.
And a fluid pressure supply means 18 installed on the outer periphery of the flange portion 10 to apply a fluid pressure to a cylinder chamber of each of the bolt tensioner mechanisms 16 described below via a piping system 20. In the figure, reference numeral 14 denotes the other flange, and reference numerals 22, 2
4 shows an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 3, the bolt tensioner mechanism 16 is provided with a flange tightening surface 28 at an insertion opening of each tightening bolt 26 of the flange 12.
The cylinder chamber 30 continuously drilled in the
26, one end of the cylinder
A piston 32 inserted into 30, a nut 34 screwed to the tightening bolt and brought into contact with the piston 32, and an outer nut 36 screwed forward and backward with external teeth formed on the outer peripheral surface of the nut 34. It consists of. Here, the piston 32 and the nut 34 can be formed integrally. The other end of each tightening bolt 26 is screwed to the other flange 14 so that both flanges 12, 14
A gasket 38 is interposed between them. Also reference
40 shows an O-ring.

As shown in FIG. 3, the fluid pressure supply means 18 is a pneumatically driven fluid pressure pump for suctioning the fluid in the reservoir 42 through the piping system 20 by using a filter 44 or the like and pressurizing the fluid to a predetermined pressure.
The pump 46 supplies the pressurized fluid discharged from the pump 46 to the cylinder chamber 30 through a valve 48, and the cylinder chamber 30
The pressurized fluid is released into the reservoir chamber 42 again via the valve 50. Reference numerals 52 and 54 indicate a pressure gauge and a relief valve, respectively. Drive compressed air to the pump 46 is supplied from a pressure source 56 to a valve 58, a filter 60, a regulator 62, a pressure gauge 64, and an air piping system 66 with a valve 65 interposed therebetween.
Supplied from

As shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, the pneumatic drive fluid pressure pump 46 basically includes a pump portion 70 having a pump piston 68 and a booster air piston 72 formed integrally with the pump piston 70. A pneumatic drive unit 8 that drives the pump unit 70 through the cycle valve 74 and the switching valves 76 and 78
It consists of 0. Here, the pneumatic drive fluid pressure pump 46
First, FIG. 4 shows a state in which the air piston 72 (and thus the pump piston 68) also reaches the bottom dead center and the pressurizing and discharging operation of the pump unit 70 is completed (in other words, the suction operation of the pump unit 70). In this state, the switching valve 76 is in a position where the piston 76b projects as shown by the urging force of the spring 76a, and the switching valve 78 is The piston 78b is in the retracted position as shown in the drawing against the urging force of
a, which is opened to the outside via the passages 76c and 84b of the switching valve 76, the lower surface of the piston 78b of the switching valve 78 and the passage 78c and the passage 84c, and is supplied from the air piping system 66 to the lower surface of the spool 74b. Since the compressed air pressure in the pressure chamber 82 is acting, the piston spools 74a and 74b are in the raised position as shown in the figure. Accordingly, the compressed air in the pressure chamber 82 flows into the cylinder lower chamber 86a through the passage 84b as shown by the solid line arrow, causing the air piston 72 to rise in the figure, and in conjunction with this, the piston pump 68 moves upward. Thus, the suction operation of the pump unit 70 is performed.
In this case, the residual pressure in the cylinder upper chamber 86b is reduced by the passage 84e, the spool passage 74c, and the passage 84f as indicated by solid arrows.
Released to the outside through Then, when the air piston 72 reaches the top dead center (see FIG. 5), the switching valve 76 is retracted the piston 76b, while the switching valve 78 has now pushed the piston 78b out of the pressure chamber 82. The compressed air acts on the upper surface of the piston 74a of the cycle valve 74 through the passage 84g, the lower surface of the piston 76b of the switching valve 76 and the passage 76c
4a, the spool 74b is lowered as shown. Therefore, the compressed air in the pressure chamber 82 flows into the cylinder upper chamber 86b through the spool passage 74d and the passage 86b as shown by the solid line arrow, and lowers the air piston 72, thereby causing the pump piston 68
, And the pressure discharge operation of the pump unit 70 is performed. In this case, the residual pressure in the cylinder lower chamber 86a is released to the outside through the passage 84d, the in-spool passage 74c, and the passage 84f as indicated by the solid arrows. This pump operation is repeated until the pump discharge fluid pressure balances with the compressed air pressure. Here, the limit of the fluid pressure rise (prescribed pressure) is set by the regulator 62 (see FIG. 3). Specified by air pressure.

Next, the operation of the assembling / disassembling apparatus of the present invention will be described. When assembling (tightening) the flange portion 10, first, the fluid pressure in the fluid pressure supply means 18 is applied to the pneumatic drive fluid pressure pump.
The pressure is increased to a predetermined pressure via 46, and then this fluid pressure is
Release 48 to allow the cylinder chamber of each bolt tensioner mechanism 16
Acts on 30. Then, this fluid pressure causes the cylinder chamber 30
The piston 32 is pushed up inside, i.e., the tightening bolt 26 is extended by receiving a tensile force in the axial direction via the nut 34 which is in contact with the piston 32, whereby the outer nut 36 screwed to the nut 34 and the flange 32 are tightened. A gap is generated between the surface 28 and the attachment surface 28. Then, the outer nut 36 is screwed with respect to the inner nut 34, and the outer nut 36 is brought into contact with the tightening surface 28. in this case,
The operation of the outer nut 36 can be easily performed manually, but can be easily configured to be automatically operated using, for example, a geared motor. Next, the valve 48 is closed and the valve 50 is opened to release the pressure fluid in the cylinder chamber 30 to the reservoir 42. Then, the cylinder chamber
Since the pressure inside 30 is released, the outer nut 36
28, and a predetermined tightening force is generated in the tightening bolt 26. In this case, the tightening force applied to each tightening bolt 26 is set uniformly since the same pressurized fluid pressure is simultaneously and equally applied to each bolt tensioner mechanism 16. Further, an appropriate tightening force corresponding to the gasket 28 is easily and reliably achieved by monitoring the pressure gauge 52. When the flange 10 is disassembled (released), a pressurized fluid pressure is applied to each bolt tensioner mechanism 16 to extend the tightening bolt 26 to separate the outer nut 36 from the flange tightening surface 28, It is clear that this can be easily achieved by detaching the outer nut 36 from the inner nut 34 in this state, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. The fluid pressure used for the fluid pressure supply means can be generally water pressure. However, when high fluid pressure is not required, gas pressure such as air can be suitably used.

As described above, according to the present invention, even if the flange portion is large and high pressure, it is possible to apply an appropriate and uniform tightening force to each of the tightening bolts, and without using a tool or The assembling and disassembling work of the flange portion can be easily, safely, and quickly performed as necessary. Furthermore, since the fluid pressure supply means is configured as an air-driven type, it can be safely applied even in an explosion-proof atmosphere. In addition, since the operation is performed automatically and quickly as described above, it can be safely and suitably applied even in a dangerous atmosphere such as radiation.

6 and 7 show another embodiment of the bolt tensioner mechanism according to the device of the present invention. In this embodiment, a plurality of sector wedges are used in place of the outer nut in the previous embodiment. That is, the gap holding means of the bolt tensioner mechanism 88 is formed by a tapered surface 90a formed on the lower surface of the nut 90.
Fan wedges 92 disposed between the shaft and the flange fastening surface 28
The fan-shaped wedges 92 are urged toward the center by a fastening ring 94 formed of a string spring or the like on the outer peripheral surface. In the state shown in FIG. 6 (FIG. 6), the fluid pressure is applied from the piping system 20 to the cylinder chamber 30, whereby the piston 32 is pushed up, that is, the gap between the tapered surface 90a and the flange fastening surface 28 is removed. ΔL is generated, and the sector wedge 92 is moved toward the center by the urging force of the tightening ring 94, whereby the gap ΔL is automatically maintained. It should be understood that the sector wedge 92 and the tightening ring 94 can withstand the contraction force of the tightening bolt 26, and correspond to gaps of different sizes generated for each tightening bolt 26, and It must be configured to maintain the gap without shrinking.

As described above, the preferred embodiment of the apparatus for assembling and disassembling the flange portion using the fluid pressure according to the present invention has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various designs can be made without departing from the spirit thereof. Of course, it can be changed.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the apparatus for assembling and disassembling a flange portion using fluid pressure according to the present invention has a cylinder chamber formed in one flange of the flange portion, and a piston and a nut provided at one end of a tightening bolt. When a gap is generated between the nut and the flange tightening surface, a plurality of sector wedges are attached to a tapered surface formed on the lower surface of the nut so as to be able to advance and retreat in order to maintain the gap. In addition, a bolt tensioner mechanism for applying an extension tension to the tightening bolt in advance and a fluid pressure supply means for applying a working fluid pressure of the bolt tensioner mechanism to the outer periphery of the flange portion are provided, so that the flange portion is large. And even if the pressure is increased,
A uniform and appropriate tightening force can be applied to each tightening bolt via the bolt tensioner mechanism. At the same time, the assembling and disassembling work of the flange portion can be performed simply, safely and quickly without using a tool or automatically when necessary.

Further, the assembling / disassembling operation of the present invention can be safely applied even in an explosion-proof atmosphere because the fluid pressure supply means is configured as a pneumatic drive system. In addition, since the work is performed automatically and quickly as described above, it can be safely applied even in a dangerous atmosphere such as radiation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of an apparatus for assembling and disassembling a flange portion using a fluid pressure according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a bolt tensioner shown in FIG. Sectional and systematic diagram for explaining the mechanism and the fluid pressure supply means, FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the pneumatically driven hydraulic pump shown in FIG. 3 in a state where the air piston is at the bottom dead center. FIG. 5 is also a pneumatically driven hydraulic pump shown in FIG. 3 where the air piston is at the top dead center. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another bolt tensioner mechanism according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a plan view for explaining the arrangement of the sector wedge shown in FIG. 10… Flange part 12,14… Flange 16… Bolt tensioner mechanism 18… Fluid pressure supply means 20… Piping system, 22… Inlet piping 24 …… Outlet piping, 26 …… Tightening bolt 28 …… Tightening surface, 30: Cylinder chamber 32: Piston, 34: Nut 36: Outer nut, 38: Gasket 40: O-ring, 42: Reservoir 44: Filter 46: Pneumatic drive fluid pressure Pump 48, 50 Valve 52 Pressure gauge 54 Relief valve 56 Pressure source 58 Valve 60 Filter 62 Regulator 64 Pressure gauge 65 Valve 66 Air piping system, 68 Pump piston 70 Pump section 72 Air piston 74 Cycle valve 74a Piston 74b Spool 74c, 74d Passage 76, 78 Switching valve 76a, 78a … Spring 76b, 78b …… Piston 76c, 78c …… Passage 80 …… Pneumatic drive part 82 …… Pressure chamber 84a, 84b, 8 4c, 84d, passage 84e, 84f passage 86a, cylinder lower chamber 86b, cylinder upper chamber 88, bolt tensioner mechanism 90, nut, 90a, tapered surface 92, sector wedge, 94 Tightening ring

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-89233 (JP, A) JP-A 50-7797 (JP, U) JP-A 60-22276 (JP, U) JP49- 43640 (JP, B1) JP 39-598 (JP, B1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23P 19/06 B25B 27/16

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cylinder chamber which is continuous with a flange tightening surface is formed in an insertion opening of each tightening bolt of one of the flanges constituting the flange portion, and the tightening bolt is provided at one end of each tightening bolt. A piston externally inserted into the bolt and inserted into the cylinder chamber, and a nut screwed or integrated with the tightening bolt and attached to the piston are attached,
When a gap is generated between the nut and the flange tightening surface, a plurality of sector wedges are attached to a tapered surface formed on the lower surface of the nut so as to be able to advance and retreat, in order to maintain the gap, and further on the outer periphery of the flange portion. A fluid pressure supply means for applying a fluid pressure to each of the cylinder chambers is provided. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the other end of each fastening bolt is screwed to the other flange. 3. The fluid pressure supply means includes a pneumatic drive fluid pressure pump. The fluid pressure supply means pressurizes the fluid in the reservoir to a predetermined pressure via a piping system and supplies the fluid to each cylinder chamber. The apparatus for assembling and disassembling a flange portion using fluid pressure according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is configured to release a fluid into the reservoir chamber. 4. A pneumatically driven fluid pressure pump comprises a piston type pump section, and an air pressure drive section having a booster air piston interlocked with the pump piston and driving the pump section via a cycle valve and a switching valve. The apparatus for assembling and disassembling a flange portion using a fluid pressure according to claim 1.