JP3063669B2 - Information processing system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an information processing system in which a disk such as a magnetic disk or an optical disk is connected to an information processing apparatus. The present invention relates to an information processing system that can be improved.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a disk seek time has been reduced,
As an access control device of a disk memory device for improving the throughput of input / output processing, there is, for example, a device reported in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-140135. This conventional access control apparatus employs a show test seek time first (SST) technique which is disclosed in a paper or the like as an algorithm for shortening a disk seek time and improving an input / output processing throughput.
This describes the hardware that implements F).

[0003] This prior art uses a BSD requiring SSTF.
This is similar to the “elevator seeking” realized by Unix or the like, and buffers each disk I / O request and reorders each I / O based on the physical position of the I / O target sector. It is intended to reduce the distance of the seek generated in / O.

[0004]

In the prior art, I / O
When the frequency of O requests is low, requests that only need to be reordered are not buffered, so that there is no effect. Also,
Even when reordering is possible, seek processing is not necessarily unnecessary, and in many cases, sufficient I / O throughput cannot be obtained.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an information processing system capable of shortening a seek process which occupies most of a disk I / O processing time and improving a response time and an I / O throughput. .

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
An application program, an operating system that exchanges with the application program, a disk driver program that exchanges with the operating system, an address map in which a logical sector address, a physical sector address, and a time stamp value are set by the disk driver program; A free bit map in which a physical sector address and a bit are set, a last access sector position holding register in which a physical sector address of a sector accessed last by the disk driver program is set, and a time stamp value is set by the disk driver program. An information processing device having a time stamp value holding register, a disk storage device connected to the information processing device, In the configured information processing system, the disk driver program searches the address map for a physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address when the operating system requests a write process to the logical sector address of the disk storage device. The bit of the entry of the free bitmap corresponding to the searched physical sector address is set to free, and the disk driver program reads the physical address of the last accessed sector set in the last access sector position holding register from the free bitmap. The disk driver program searches for a free sector of the physical sector address closest to the sector address, sets the bit of the physical sector address entry of the free bit map corresponding to the searched free sector to in use, and The searched physical sector address of the empty sector is set in the entry of the address map corresponding to the logical sector address for which the write processing is requested, and the disk driver program is required to write the data transferred from the operating system. The logical sector address and the time stamp value held by the time stamp value holding register are written in the searched empty sector, and the disk driver program writes the physical sector address of the empty sector of the disk type storage device in which the data is written to the last access sector position. In addition to the setting in the holding register, the time stamp value of the time stamp value holding register is incremented.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the number of sectors provided to the operating system corresponding to the number of logical sector addresses in the address map is equal to the number of sectors actually stored by the disk-type storage device. It is characterized in that it is set to be smaller than.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an application program, an operating system for communicating with the application program, a disk driver program for communicating with the operating system,
An address map in which a logical sector address, a physical sector address, and a time stamp value are set by a disk driver program; a free bitmap in which a physical configuration, a physical sector address, and a bit of a sector are set by the disk driver program; An information processing device having a last access sector position holding register in which the physical configuration of the sector accessed last by the setting is set, and a time stamp value holding register in which the time stamp value is set by the disk driver program; In an information processing system including a connected disk-type storage device, a disk driver program performs a write process from an operating system to a logical sector address of the disk-type storage device. If requested, the physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address is searched from the address map, the bit of the entry of the free bitmap corresponding to the searched physical sector address is set to free, and the disk driver program sets the free A free sector is searched from the bitmap based on the physical configuration of the last accessed sector set in the last access sector position holding register, and the bit of the physical sector address entry of the free bitmap corresponding to the searched free sector is searched. During use, the disk driver program sets the physical sector address of the searched empty sector in the entry of the address map corresponding to the logical sector address for which the write process is requested, and the disk driver program sets the operating system The data transferred from the system is written to the searched free sector together with the logical sector address for which the write process is requested and the time stamp value held in the time stamp value holding register. The present invention is characterized in that the physical sector address of an empty sector in the storage device is set in the last access sector position holding register, and the time stamp value in the time stamp value holding register is incremented.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, when the disk driver program searches for a free sector based on the physical configuration of the last accessed sector, the disk driver program starts from the last accessed sector. When a sector having the same distance is found on both the outer track and the inner track, as viewed from the last accessed sector, the sector on the outer track is selected.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, after the disk driver program performs a write process on the searched empty sector,
The free bit map searches for a free sector of the physical sector address closest to the physical sector address of the sector on which the write process was performed, and the disk driver program performs seek processing on the searched free sector and also searches for the free sector on which the seek process was performed. Is set in the last access sector position holding register.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a queue buffer for storing a write / read processing request from the operating system is provided between the operating system and the disk driver program. The disk driver program is
If it is determined that two or more write processing requests are stored in the queue buffer, the free bitmap indicates that the write request is closest to the physical sector address set in the last access sector position holding register and that the number of consecutive write requests is the same as the number of write processing requests. An empty sector is searched, and the disk driver program collectively processes the write processing requests accumulated in the queue buffer for the searched continuous empty sectors.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the system according to the sixth aspect, the disk driver program is distributed to each track of the disk type storage device when no write / read request is stored in the queue buffer. In this manner, the empty sector is rearranged.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the seventh aspect of the present invention, the disk driver program performs a relocation process of an empty sector based on a request frequency of a write process.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, when the operating system stops operating, the disk driver program executes
The information of the address map, the free bit map, and the time stamp value holding register of the information processing device is stored in the disk storage device, and the disk driver program executes
When the operating system starts operation, it is necessary to read the address map, free bitmap, and time stamp value information from the disk storage device and set them in the address map, free bit map, and time stamp value holding register of the information processing device. It is a feature.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a buffer memory is provided in the information processing apparatus, and the disk driver program stores information from the operating system requested to perform the write processing. If the disk driver program determines that all the information required for the write process has not been written to the disk type storage device,
It is characterized in that information is read from a buffer memory and written to a disk storage device.

The invention according to claim 11 is the invention according to claims 1 to 10
In the invention according to any one of the above, a buffer disk-type storage device connected to the information processing device is provided, and the disk driver program writes information from the operating system requested to perform the write process in the buffer disk-type storage device, The disk driver program is
When the operating system starts operating, information is read from the buffer disk type storage device and written to the disk type storage device.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Embodiment 1 FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the information processing system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an information processing device including a CPU, a memory, and the like. Reference numeral 2 denotes a disk storage device (hereinafter, simply referred to as a disk) connected to the information processing device 1. The number of heads, the number of cylinders, the number of sectors, and the total number of sectors are Nh, Nc, Ns, and m, respectively. A read / write process can be instructed to the disk 2 by specifying a physical sector address from 0 to (m-1).

Reference numeral 3 denotes an operating system that operates on the information processing apparatus 1, and reference numeral 4 denotes an application program exchanged with the operating system 3.
Reference numerals 5 to 9 denote a free bit map, an address map, a disk driver program, a last access sector position holding register, and a time stamp value holding register, respectively.

The free bitmap 5 indicates the usage status of the disk 2, and each entry corresponds to physical sector addresses 0 to (m−1) of the disk 2. Operating system 3 performs read / write processing on disk 2
, The physical sector addresses 0 to (m-
Instead of directly specifying 1), the logical sector addresses 0 to (n-1) provided by the disk driver program 7 are specified.

The disk driver program 7 uses the address map 6 when mapping logical sector addresses to physical sector addresses. Each entry of the address map 6 has logical sector addresses 0 to (n-
This corresponds to 1). The upper limit n of the logical sector address is a number satisfying m> n.

The number of entries in the free bitmap 5 is equal to the total number m of sectors on the disk 2. The upper limit n of the logical sector address in the number of entries in the address map 6 is a number that satisfies m> n, and is a number smaller than the total sector number m of the disk 2. Further, as shown in the format of one sector on the expanded disk 2 in FIG.
A field is added to each sector, which is a unit of storage and storage of the disk 2, so that a logical sector address and a time stamp value can be stored in addition to a conventionally stored data portion.

When the present invention is not applied, when the application program 4 requests disk I / O processing, the operating system 3 requests disk I / O directly from the disk 2. When the present invention is applied, the operating system 3 requests the disk driver program 7 for disk I / O when the application program 4 requests disk I / O processing. When a disk I / O is requested from the operating system 3, the disk driver program 7 refers to the free bit map 5, the address map 6 and the last access sector position holding register 8, and converts the converted disk I / O request. Transfer to disk 2. The performance of the write process to the disk 2 is improved by the seek optimization process at this time. Hereinafter, a specific description will be given with reference to the drawings.

When the disk 2 is used for the first time, the disk 2 is used after being initialized by the disk driver program 7. By the initialization process of the disk 2 by the disk driver program 7, the time stamp value 0 is set as an initial value in the time stamp field (see FIG. 2) of each sector of the disk 2. The time stamp value of each entry of the address map 6 is set to 0 as an initial value.

The free bitmap 5 is set to 1 because all entry bits are not used for free. Last access sector position holding register 8
Is set to an initial value 0, and 1 is set to the time stamp value holding register 9. This initialization process makes the disk 2 usable. After the initialization processing, the I / O processing of the disk 2 and the reconfiguration processing at the time of starting the system can be performed according to the following procedure.

It is assumed that the write processing for the disk 2 is performed on an empty sector located near the sector where the access processing by the last read or write was performed.
Here, the empty sector means a sector to which data has not yet been written after the above-described initialization processing of the disk 2 or data of the logical sector address X has been written. This is a sector managed by the free bitmap 5 in which new data has been written and the written data has become unnecessary.

Each time an access process by read or write is performed, the disk driver program 7 replaces the physical sector address of the accessed sector with the last access sector position so that the sector accessed by read or write last can be determined. It is set in the holding register 8 to prepare for the next time a write process is requested.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a read / write processing flow of the disk driver program shown in FIG. The disk driver program 7 waiting for an I / O request from the operating system 3 receives the write processing for the logical sector address X of the sector of the disk 2 from the operating system 3 (steps S1 and S2), and performs the following processing. I do.

1. First, the data previously written to the logical sector address X of the sector of the disk 2 is not overwritten when the disk driver program 7 requests the operating system 3 to write the logical sector address X of the disk 2. become invalid. Therefore, the disk driver program 7 searches the address map 6 for a physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address X for which the write processing is requested (Step S3). When the disk driver program 7 searches the address map 6 for a physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address X for which the write process is requested, the disk driver program 7 sets the bit of the entry of the free bitmap 5 corresponding to the searched physical sector address to 1 (Step S4).

2. Next, the disk driver program 7
Searches the free bitmap 5 for a free sector having a physical sector address closest to the value of the physical sector address of the last accessed sector set in the last access sector position holding register 8 (step S5). The disk driver program 7 resets the bit of the entry of the physical sector address of the empty sector retrieved from the free bitmap 5 to 0 (in use) (step S).
6). Further, the disk driver program 7 sets the physical sector address of the searched empty sector as the physical sector address in the entry of the address map 6 corresponding to the logical sector address X for which the write process is requested (Step S7).

3. Next, the disk driver program 7
Represents the data transferred from the operating system 3 as a logical sector address value X for which writing is requested,
Along with the time stamp value C held by the time stamp value holding register 9, the data is written in the searched empty sector of the disk 2 (step S8).

4. Next, the disk driver program 7
Sets the physical sector address of the empty sector of the disk 2 on which the data is written in the last access sector position holding register 8 and then sets the time stamp value holding register 9
Is set to C + 1, and the time stamp value is incremented (step S9). Then, the disk driver program 7 notifies the operating system 3 of the completion of the write processing (Step S10), and ends the write processing.

I / O from operating system 3
When the operating system 3 requests the logical sector address Y of the sector of the disk 2 to perform the read processing (steps S1 and S2), the disk driver program 7 waiting for the request performs the following processing.

1. When a read process is requested for the logical sector address Y of the sector of the disk 2 from the operating system 7 (step S2), the disk driver program 7 corresponds to the logical sector address Y for which the read process is requested from the address map 6. A physical sector address to be searched is searched (step S11).

2. The disk driver program 7 reads data from the physical sector of the disk 2 corresponding to the searched physical sector address (step S12),
The read data is transferred to the operating system 3 (step S13). The disk driver program 7 sets the physical sector address of the sector that has performed the read processing in the last access sector position holding register 8 (step S14), and ends the read processing.

When the operating of the information processing apparatus 1 ends and the power of the information processing apparatus 1 is turned off, all data in the memory is lost. Therefore, the contents stored in the free bit map 5, the address map 6, the last access sector position holding register 8, and the time stamp value holding register 9 are lost. Therefore, when the power of the information processing apparatus 1 is turned on, it is necessary to read out all the data contents registered in the disk 2 and reconstruct the information before starting the operation. The disk driver program 7 performs the following processing in order to reconstruct the data content read from the disk 2. This processing will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the flow of the reconfiguration processing of the disk driver program shown in FIG.

1. The disk driver program 7 initializes all the time stamp values in the time stamp field of the address map 6 to 0, and also sets all bits of each entry of the free bit map 5 to 1. The disk driver program 7 initializes the value of the last access sector position holding register 8 to 0, and also initializes the value of the time stamp value holding register 9 to 0 (step S2).
1).

2. The disk driver program 7 sequentially reads the sector contents of each sector from the physical sector address 0 to m-1 of the disk 2 and performs the subsequent processing for each sector (step S22).

3. The disk driver program 7 reads the time stamp value and the logical sector address written in each sector of the disk 2 from physical sector addresses 0 to m-1 (see FIG. 2). The disk driver program 7 determines whether the time stamp value read from the sector of the disk 2 is 1 or more, and when it determines that the time stamp value is 1 or more (step S23), the data has already been written in that sector. , Valid data may have been written.

Therefore, the disk driver program 7
Is an address map 6 corresponding to a logical sector address read from a sector in which the data has already been written.
And determines whether the time stamp value on the searched entry is 0 (step S24). If the disk driver program 7 determines that the time stamp value read from the sector of the disk 2 is 0 (step S23), no data has been written to that sector, so the process proceeds to step 30.

(A) The disk driver program 7
When it is determined that the time stamp value on the searched entry of the address map 6 is 0 (step S24), the physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address is detected for the first time. The time stamp value is recorded in the entry of the address map (step S26), and the bit of the free bit map corresponding to the physical sector address is reset to 0 (step S27).

(B) The disk driver program 7
When it is determined that the time stamp value on the searched entry of the address map 6 is 1 or more (step S2)
4) Since the physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address has already been detected, the time stamp value on the address map 6 corresponding to the logical sector address and the time stamp value read from the sector of the disk 2 Are compared (step S25).

If the disk driver program 7 determines that the time stamp value read from the sector of the disk 2 is larger than the time stamp value on the address map 6 (step S25), the time stamp value of the disk 2 is changed to the address. Since the contents are written after the time stamp value of the map 6, the previously detected physical sector is set as an empty sector. That is, the bit of the entry specified by the physical sector address on the address map 6 of the free bit map 5 is set to 1.

Further, the disk driver program 7
The physical sector address and the time stamp value of the address map 6 are changed to the values read from the sectors of the disk 2 (step S26). Disk driver program 7
If it is determined that the time stamp value read from the sector of the disk 2 is smaller than the time stamp value on the address map 6 (step S25), the read data becomes older data, so no processing is performed. Instead, proceed to step 30.

After the processing of (a) or (b), the disk driver program 7 compares the time stamp value read from the sector of the disk 2 with the value stored in the time stamp value holding register 8, and If it is determined that the time stamp value read from the sector No. is larger than the value of the time stamp value holding register 9 (step S28), the value of the time stamp value holding register 9 is changed to the time stamp value read from the disk 2. Update (step S29).

After completing the process 3 for all the sectors, in step S30, the disk driver program 7
Determines whether there is a physical sector having the next physical sector address to be read, and if it is determined that the physical sector exists (step S30), reads the content of the existing sector (step S31), and returns to step S23. If the disk driver program 7 determines that the next physical sector to be read does not exist (step S30),
The process ends.

As described above, in the present embodiment, when the disk driver program 7 requests the operating system 3 to perform a write process on a logical sector address of the disk 2, the address map 6 corresponds to the logical sector address. A physical sector address to be accessed is searched for, a bit of an entry of the free bitmap 5 corresponding to the searched physical sector address is set to free, and the last access sector position holding register 8 is stored from the free bitmap 5 by the disk driver program 7.
Searches for a free sector of the physical sector address closest to the physical sector address of the last accessed sector set in, and sets the bit of the entry of the physical sector address of the free bit map corresponding to the searched free sector to in use. The disk driver program 7 sets the physical sector address of the searched free sector in the entry of the address map 6 corresponding to the logical sector address for which the write processing is requested, and the disk driver program 7 transfers the physical sector address from the operating system 3. The written data is written to the searched empty sector together with the logical sector address for which the writing process is requested and the time stamp value held in the time stamp value holding register 9, and the disk driver program 7 writes the data to the empty sector. It sets a physical sector address of a free sector in the last access sector position holding register 8 is configured to increment the time stamp value of the time stamp value holding register 9. For this reason, when writing data to the sector of the disk 2, the data is written to the free sector closest to the last accessed sector. Therefore, the writing process for the disk 2 is performed at the current head position (the last accessed position). This can be performed for the empty sector closest to (head position). Therefore, the seek processing time for writing data can be shortened, and the throughput of the write processing can be improved.

In the present embodiment, the number of sectors provided to the operating system corresponding to the number of logical sectors in the address map 6 is set to be smaller than the number of sectors actually stored on the disk 2. Thus, a certain amount of free sectors can always exist in the disk 2. For this reason, when searching for a free sector during the write processing, an optimum one can be selected from more free sectors. For example, even when the operating system 3 uses all the apparent number of sectors n, there are (mn) available sectors, and the closest available sector is efficiently searched for at the time of write processing. be able to.

Embodiment 2 In the first embodiment, when searching for the most suitable free sector area for omitting or shortening the seek process, the free sector having the physical sector address closest to the physical sector address of the last accessed sector is selected. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that a selection method according to the physical structure of the disk 2 is used instead of the proximity of the physical sector address. In this embodiment, an information processing apparatus having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is used.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the structure of the last access sector position holding register in the information processing system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. First, as shown in FIG. 5, the last access sector position holding register 11 stores a head number, a cylinder number, and a sector number corresponding to the physical configuration of the last accessed sector (cylinder number: head number: sector number). ) Is retained. An algorithm for changing the physical sector number specified at the time of disk I / O to a physical position depends on the structure of the disk 2.
It is assumed that the cylinder number, head number, and sector number of the disk 2 can be obtained by general formulas as shown in FIG.

Next, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a structure of a free bitmap in the information processing system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the free bitmap 12, a cylinder number, a head number, a correspondence relationship between a sector number (cylinder number: head number: sector number), a physical sector address, and a bit indicating a physical configuration of a sector are registered. The basic configuration of the information processing apparatus of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the data structure registered in the last access sector position holding register 11 and the free bitmap 12 is different.

The disk driver program 7 performs the same processing as in the first embodiment, but the empty sector selected at the time of the write processing is given the highest cylinder number and the same head number as the last access sector. Next, priority is given to those having the same cylinder number. If there is no free sector that satisfies these conditions, the free sector with the closest cylinder number is given priority. Hereinafter, the processing flow of the present embodiment will be specifically described using a flowchart.

FIGS. 8 and 9 are flowcharts showing the read / write processing flow of the disk driver program in the information processing system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The disk driver program 7 waiting for an I / O request from the operating system 3 receives a write request for the logical sector address X of a sector of the disk 2 from the operating system 3 (step S4).
1, S42), the following processing is performed.

1. First, the data previously written to the logical sector address X of the sector of the disk 2 is not overwritten when the disk driver program 7 requests the operating system 3 to write the logical sector address X of the disk 2. become invalid. Therefore, the disk driver program 7 searches the address map 6 for a physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address X for which the write processing is requested (Step S43). When the disk driver program 7 searches the address map 6 for a physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address X for which the write processing is requested,
The bit of the entry of the free bitmap 5 corresponding to the searched physical sector address is set to 1 (step S44).

2. Next, the disk driver program 7
Searches for a free sector from the free bitmap 5 based on the physical configuration of the last accessed sector set in the last access sector position holding register 8 (steps S45 to S47). First, the disk driver program 7 searches the free bitmap 5 for an empty sector having the same cylinder number and head number as the cylinder number and head number of the last accessed sector set in the last access sector position holding register 11. If yes (step S45), the process proceeds to step 48, and if not (step S45), the process proceeds to step 46.

When the disk driver program 7 searches for a free sector having the same cylinder number and head number as the last access sector position holding register 11, it searches the free bitmap 6 for the last sector set in the last access sector position holding register 11. A search is made for a free sector having the same cylinder number as the cylinder number of the sector accessed (step S46). Disk driver program 7
If the search has been performed (step S46), the process proceeds to step S48, and if the search has not been performed (step S4).
6) The process proceeds to step S47.

When the disk driver program 7 searches for a free sector having the same cylinder number as the last access sector position holding register 11, the disk driver program 7 accesses the last set in the last access sector position holding register 12 from the free bitmap 6. An empty sector with the cylinder number closest to the cylinder number of the sector is searched (step S4).
7). If the disk driver program 7 has been searched (step S47), the process proceeds to step S48, and if not (step S47), the process proceeds to step S4.
Return to 5.

As described above, the disk driver program 7 searches for a free sector from the free bitmap 6 based on the physical configuration of the last accessed sector set in the last access sector position holding register 11 (step S45). To 47), the bit of the entry of the physical sector address of the empty sector retrieved from the free bitmap 5 is reset to 0 (in use) (step S4).
8). Further, the disk driver program 7 sets the physical sector address of the searched empty sector as the physical sector address in the entry of the address map 6 corresponding to the logical sector address X for which the write process is requested (Step S49).

3. Next, the disk driver program 7
Represents the data transferred from the operating system 3 as a logical sector address value X for which writing is requested,
Along with the time stamp value C held by the time stamp value holding register 9, the data is written in the searched free sector of the disk 2 (step S50).

4. Next, the disk driver program 7
Sets the correspondence relationship between the cylinder number, head number, and sector number of the physical configuration of the empty sector of the disk 2 on which the data is written in the last access sector position holding register 8 and then stores C + 1 in the time stamp value holding register 9
Is set, and the time stamp value is incremented (step S51). Then, the disk driver program 7 notifies the operating system 3 of the completion of the write processing (Step S52), and ends the write processing.

I / O from operating system 3
When the operating system 3 requests the logical sector address Y of the sector of the disk 2 to be read (steps S41, S42), the disk driver program 7 waiting for the request performs the following processing.

1. When the operating system 7 requests the logical sector address Y of the sector of the disk 2 to be read from the operating system 7 (steps S41 and S42), the disk driver program 7 requests the logical sector address Y from the address map 6 to read. (Step S53).

[0062] 2. The disk driver program 7 reads data from the physical sector of the disk 2 corresponding to the searched physical sector address (step S54).
The read data is transferred to the operating system 3 (step S55). The disk driver program 7 sets the physical sector address of the sector that has performed the read processing in the last access sector position holding register 8 (step S56), and ends the read processing. Note that the reconfiguration processing of the disk driver program 7 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, in this embodiment, when the disk driver program 7 requests the operating system 3 to perform a write process on a logical sector address of the disk 2, the address map 6 corresponds to the logical sector address. A physical sector address to be accessed is searched for, a bit of an entry of the free bitmap 5 corresponding to the searched physical sector address is set to free, and the last access sector position holding register 8 is stored from the free bitmap 5 by the disk driver program 7.
A free sector is searched based on the physical configuration based on the cylinder number, head number, and sector number of the last accessed sector set in, and the bit of the physical sector address entry of the free bit map corresponding to the searched free sector is searched for. The setting is made during use, and the disk driver program 7 sets the physical sector address of the searched free sector in the entry of the address map 6 corresponding to the logical sector address for which the write processing is requested. The data transferred from the system 3 is written into the searched empty sector together with the logical sector address for which the write processing is requested and the time stamp value held by the time stamp value holding register 9, and the disk driver program 7
Thus, the physical configuration of the empty sector of the disk 2 on which the data is written is set in the last access sector position holding register 8 and the time stamp value of the time stamp value holding register 9 is incremented. Therefore, when data is written to a sector of the disk 2, data is written to an empty sector searched based on the physical configuration based on the cylinder number, head number, and sector number of the last accessed sector. Can be performed more efficiently than the case where the logical sector address of the first embodiment is used. Therefore, the seek processing time for writing data can be further reduced than in the case of the first embodiment, so that the throughput of the write processing can be further improved.

Embodiment 3 This embodiment can be applied to Embodiment 2 and will be described with reference to FIG. In the disk 2 having a high recording density, the number of sectors may be different between the track on the outer circumference and the track on the inner circumference of the disk 2. This is because the outer periphery has a longer track length due to the nature of the disk 2, and therefore the amount of data that can be recorded at the same linear density increases. At this time, if the angular velocity of the disk 2 is constant, the read /
Write is faster than processing in sectors on the inner circumference. In the present embodiment, the disk driver program 7
Accordingly, when searching for a free sector based on the physical configuration of the last accessed sector in the second embodiment, a sector having the same distance from the last accessed sector is located on the outer track, as viewed from the last accessed sector. If both are searched for on the inner track and on the inner track, the sector on the outer track is selected. In the second embodiment, the sector on the outer track is selected from the difference in cylinder number of the physical configuration of the sector.

As described above, in this embodiment, when the disk driver program 7 searches for an empty sector based on the physical configuration of the last accessed sector, a sector having the same distance from the last accessed sector is determined. When the search is performed on both the outer track and the inner track from the last accessed sector, the sector on the outer track is selected, so the sector on the outer track is read with higher performance. A free sector can be selected in consideration of the characteristics of the disk 2 that can be written. For this reason, it is possible to increase opportunities for performing write processing with higher throughput than in the case of the second embodiment.

Embodiment 4 The seek process included in the read process / write process in the third embodiment is performed prior to a request from the operating system. That is, each time the read processing / write processing is performed, a search is made for an empty sector closest to the value of the last access sector position holding register 8 (which is the address of the sector that has just been subjected to I / O processing), and the operating system 3 The seek process to the sector is performed without waiting for an I / O request from.
Hereinafter, a specific description will be given using a flowchart.

FIGS. 10 and 11 show a fourth embodiment according to the present invention.
4 is a flowchart showing a read / write processing flow of a disk driver program in the information processing system of FIG. The disk driver program 7 waiting for an I / O request from the operating system 3 receives a write request for the logical sector address X of a sector of the disk 2 from the operating system 3 (step S).
61, S62), the following processing is performed.

1. First, the data previously written to the logical sector address X of the sector of the disk 2 is not overwritten when the disk driver program 7 requests the operating system 3 to write the logical sector address X of the disk 2. become invalid. Therefore, the disk driver program 7 searches the address map 6 for a physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address X for which the write processing is requested (Step S63). When the disk driver program 7 searches the address map 6 for a physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address X for which the write processing is requested,
The bit of the entry of the free bitmap 5 corresponding to the searched physical sector address is set to 1 (step S64).

2. Next, the disk driver program 7
Indicates that the bit of the entry of the free bitmap 5 corresponding to the physical sector address of the last accessed sector set in the last access sector position holding register 8 is 1
(Free), and if it is determined that the bit is 1 (step S65), the free sector in which the bit indicated by the free bitmap 5 is 1 is used for write processing (step S66), and step 68 Proceed to. When determining that the bit of the entry of the free bitmap 5 is 0 (in use) (step S65), the disk driver program 7 is closest to the physical sector address of the last access sector position holding register 8 from the free bitmap 5. An empty sector of the physical sector address is searched (step S67), and the process proceeds to step S68.

The disk driver program 7 resets the bit of the entry of the physical sector address of the empty sector retrieved from the free bitmap 5 to 0 (in use) (step S68). Further, the disk driver program 7 sets the physical sector address of the found empty sector as the physical sector address in the entry of the address map 6 corresponding to the logical sector address X for which the write process is requested (Step S69).

3. Next, the disk driver program 7
Represents the data transferred from the operating system 3 as a logical sector address value X for which writing is requested,
Along with the time stamp value C held by the time stamp value holding register 9, the data is written in the searched empty sector of the disk 2 (step S70).

4. Next, the disk driver program 7
Sets the value C + 1 in the time stamp value holding register 9, increments the time stamp value (step S71), and notifies the operating system 3 of the completion of the write process (step S72). The disk driver program 7 searches the free bitmap 5 for a free sector having a physical sector address closest to the physical sector address of the sector on which the write process has been performed (step S73).

After performing seek processing on the searched empty sector, the disk driver program 7 sets the physical sector address of the searched empty sector in the last access sector position holding register 8 (step S7).
4), the write processing ends, and the process returns to step S61.

I / O from operating system 3
When the operating system 3 requests the logical sector address Y of the sector of the disk 2 to be read (steps S61 and S62), the disk driver program 7 waiting for the request performs the following processing.

1. When the operating system 7 requests the logical sector address Y of the sector of the disk 2 to be read (step S62), the disk driver program 7 corresponds to the logical sector address Y requested to be read from the address map 6. A physical sector address to be searched is searched (step S75).

2. The disk driver program 7 reads data from the physical sector of the disk 2 corresponding to the searched physical sector address (step S76).
The read data is transferred to the operating system 3 (step S77). The disk driver program 7 searches the free bitmap 5 for a free sector having a physical sector address closest to the physical sector address of the sector on which the read process has been performed (step S78).

After performing the seek process on the searched empty sector, the disk driver program 7 sets the physical sector address of the searched empty sector in the last access sector position holding register 8 (step S7).
9), the read process ends, and the process returns to step S61. Note that the reconfiguration processing of the disk driver program 7 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, in this embodiment, after the disk driver program 7 performs a write process on the searched empty sector, the physical bit address closest to the physical sector address of the sector on which the write process was performed is obtained from the free bitmap 5. An empty sector of the sector address is searched, seek processing is performed on the searched empty sector, and the physical sector address of the empty sector on which the seek processing has been performed is set in the last access sector position holding register. Before a write request comes, a seek process can be performed on a searched empty sector in advance. For this reason, when a write request is received from the operating system 3, writing can be performed efficiently without performing seek processing on the searched empty sector, so that response / throughput of the writing processing can be improved.

Embodiment 5 FIG. FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the information processing system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. 12, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts, and reference numeral 21 denotes a queue buffer provided between the operating system 3 and the disk driver program 7 for queuing a disk I / O request from the operating system 3. . This queue buffer 21
Holds a new disk I / O request input from the operating system 3 during the I / O processing of the disk 2. When the preceding processing is completed, the disk driver program 7 performs the following processing for the processing request in the queue buffer 21 and determines the I / O processing to be input to the disk 2.

The disk 2 has the characteristic that, when write processing is performed on physically continuous sectors, processing can be performed at a higher speed because there is no rotation waiting time or seek time in the processing of subsequent sectors. Therefore, when the head of the queue buffer 21 is a write process, the disk driver program 7 checks the number of write processes included in the queue buffer 21 and gives priority to the vicinity of the last access sector position holding register 8 from the free bitmap 5. Then, an empty area that is continuous beyond the number of write requests is detected.

If there is a continuous free area equal to or more than the number of write requests in the queue buffer 21, the disk driver program 7 uses the first free sector in the area for the first write request in the queue buffer 21, and It is assumed that the write request existing at 21 is skipped over the read request and is continuously input to the disk 2. When there is no continuous free area equal to or larger than the number of write requests in the queue buffer 21, the disk driver program 7 performs the head write process in the queue buffer 21 by performing the same process as in the above-described fourth embodiment. Hereinafter, a specific description will be given using a flowchart.

FIGS. 13 to 15 are flowcharts showing the read / write processing flow of the disk driver program in the information processing system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The disk driver program 7 determines whether a processing request is stored in the queue buffer 21 and
When it is determined that the processing requests are stored (step S
81), the processing is stopped until a processing request arrives at the queue buffer 21 (step S82).

When the disk driver program 7 determines that the processing requests are stored in the queue buffer 21 (step S81), it searches whether or not the queue buffer 21 includes the write processing, and determines the number of the write processing. n (step S83), it is determined whether the number n of write processes stored in the queue buffer 21 is 2 or more (step S84). Disk driver program 7
Determines that the number n of write processes in the queue buffer 21 is not greater than 2 (smaller than 2) (step S
84), the process of FIGS. 14 and 15 described below is performed for the head request of the queue buffer 21, and the process exits the queue (step S85).

If the disk driver program 7 determines that the number n of write processes in the queue buffer 21 is 2 or more (step S84), the free bit map 5
Priority is given to the vicinity of the value of the last access sector position holding register 8 from among the number of write requests n of the queue buffer 21.
Searches for two or more consecutive free sectors (step S
86). If the disk driver program 7 does not detect a corresponding continuous empty sector from the free bitmap 5 (step S87), the disk driver program 7 performs the processing of FIGS.
Step out of the queue (step S88).

When the disk driver program 7 detects a corresponding continuous empty sector from the free bitmap 5 (step S87), the disk driver program 7 determines the value of the last access sector position holding register 8 as the physical sector address of the detected empty sector. Replace (step S89). The disk driver program 7 determines whether or not the number n of write requests of the queue buffer 21 is larger than 0. If it is determined that the number n is larger (step S90), the write processing request in the queue buffer 21 will be described later with reference to FIGS. Is performed.

Thereafter, the disk driver program 7
Escapes from the queue and subtracts 1 from the number n of write requests in the queue buffer 21 (step S92). If it is determined that the value n is larger than 0 (step S90), the process proceeds to step S91 and is determined to be smaller than 0. In this case (step S90), the process returns to step S81.

Here, steps S85, S88, S91
The processing of the processing request of the queue buffer 21 will be described. In steps S85, S88, and S91, the disk driver program 7
It is determined whether or not the first request is a write process. If the first request is a write process (step S101), the following process is performed. 1. First, the logical sector address X of the sector of the disk 2
The data written before is invalidated without being overwritten if the head request of the queue buffer 21 is a write process. Therefore, the disk driver program 7 searches the address map 6 for a physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address X for which the write processing is requested (Step S102). Disk driver program 7
Retrieves the physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address X for which the write processing is requested from the address map 6, and sets the bit of the entry of the free bit map 5 corresponding to the retrieved physical sector address to 1 ( Step S103).

2. Next, the disk driver program 7
Indicates that the bit of the entry of the free bitmap 5 corresponding to the physical sector address of the last accessed sector set in the last access sector position holding register 8 is 1
(Free), and if the bit is determined to be 1 (step S104), the free sector in which the bit indicated by the free bitmap 5 is 1 is used for write processing (step S105), and step 107 is performed. Proceed to. The disk driver program 7 has a free bitmap 5
Is determined to be 0 (in use) (step S104), the free bit map 5 is searched for a free sector of the physical sector address closest to the physical sector address of the last access sector position holding register 8. (Step S106), the process proceeds to step S107.

The disk driver program 7 resets the bit of the entry of the physical sector address of the empty sector searched from the free bitmap 5 to 0 (in use) (step S107). Further, the disk driver program 7 sets the physical sector address of the searched empty sector as the physical sector address in the entry of the address map 6 corresponding to the logical sector address X for which the write process is requested (Step S108).

3. Next, the disk driver program 7
Represents the data transferred from the operating system 3 as a logical sector address value X for which writing is requested,
Along with the time stamp value C held by the time stamp value holding register 9, the data is written to the searched empty sector of the disk 2 (step S109).

4. Next, the disk driver program 7
Sets the value C + 1 in the time stamp value holding register 9, increments the time stamp value (step S110), and notifies the operating system 3 of the completion of the write process (step S111). The disk driver program 7 has a free bitmap 5
A search is made for a free sector having a physical sector address closest to the physical sector address of the sector on which the write process has been performed (step S112).

After performing the seek processing on the searched empty sector, the disk driver program 7 sets the physical sector address of the searched empty sector in the last access sector position holding register 8 (step S1).
13), end the write processing, and return to step S81.

In steps S85, S88, and S89, the disk driver program 7
If it is determined that the first request is a read process (step S101), the following process is performed. 1. The disk driver program 7 receives a read request from the operating system 7 for the logical sector address Y of the sector of the disk 2 (step S).
62) Search the address map 6 for a physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address Y for which read processing is requested (step S114).

2. The disk driver program 7 reads data from the physical sector of the disk 2 corresponding to the searched physical sector address (step S11).
5) Read the read data into the operating system 3.
(Step S116). The disk driver program 7 searches the free bitmap 5 for a free sector having a physical sector address closest to the physical sector address of the sector on which the read process has been performed (step S11).
7).

After performing seek processing on the searched empty sector, the disk driver program 7 sets the physical sector address of the searched empty sector in the last access sector position holding register 8 (step S1).
18), the read process ends, and the process returns to step S81.
Note that the reconfiguration processing of the disk driver program 7 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, in this embodiment, the queue buffer 21 for storing the write / read processing request from the operating system 3 is provided between the operating system 3 and the disk driver program 7, and the disk driver program 7 If it is determined that two or more write processing requests have been stored in the memory 21, the free bitmap 5 is closest to the physical sector address set in the last access sector position holding register 8, and the continuous number of write processing requests corresponds to the number of write processing requests. Since the disk driver program 7 is configured to search for the searched free sectors and to perform the processing of the write processing request of the queue buffer 21 for the searched continuous free sectors collectively,
The write processing throughput can be improved.

Embodiment 6 FIG. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an arrangement of empty sectors on a disk in the information processing system according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 16, the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
And 32 are empty sectors arranged in each track 31.

In the fifth embodiment, when the empty sectors on the disk 2 are appropriately distributed, the distance to the nearest empty sector becomes shorter on average, regardless of the position of the last access sector. Therefore, the throughput of the write processing is improved. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when no read / write request is stored in the queue buffer 21, the disk driver program 7 uses the free time as shown in FIG. The empty sectors 32 are rearranged so as to be distributed into the sectors. Here, a maximum of (mn) empty sectors is divided by the number of tracks = the number of cylinders Nc × the number of heads Nh, and the number of empty sectors is uniformly allocated to each track 31.

As described above, in this embodiment, when the read / write requests are not stored in the queue buffer 21 by the disk driver program 7, the empty sectors are rearranged so as to be distributed to the tracks of the disk 2. With such a configuration, the seek distance at the time of performing write processing can be reduced. Therefore, the seek time can be reduced, and the response / throughput of the write processing can be improved.

Embodiment 7 FIG. FIGS. 17 and 18 are diagrams showing the arrangement of free sectors on a disk in the information processing system according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. 17 and 18, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 16 indicate the same or corresponding parts. In the present embodiment, the disk driver program 7 according to the sixth embodiment is designed so that an administrator of the computer system can select an ideal arrangement of the empty sectors 32 to be distributed to the tracks 31 of the disk 2 from the following. Change the reallocation program for. The disk driver program 7 performs the relocation processing of the empty sector 32 based on the request frequency of the write processing selected by the administrator of the computer system. Hereinafter, a specific description will be given.

1. The disk driver program 7 concentrates the empty sectors 32 on the outer track 31 of the disk 2 as shown in FIG. 17 when the administrator sets information indicating that the write processing ratio is high in the disk I / O. A rearrangement process is performed so as to perform the arrangement. This allows
The area of the continuous free sector 32 in the disk 2 is
And 3, the write processing performance can be improved.

2. When information indicating that the rate of write processing is relatively high is set in the disk I / O, the disk driver program 7 sets each cylinder group 33 (a set of sectors having the same cylinder number) as shown in FIG. The relocation processing is performed so that the empty sectors 32 are distributed and arranged at one location. As a result, the number of consecutive free sectors 32 in the disk 2 can be made higher than in the following three cases, so that the performance of write processing can be improved.

3. When the information indicating that the ratio of the write process is lower than the cases of 1 and 2 is set, the disk driver program 7 sets the free sector 32 at a ratio of one for each track 31 as shown in FIG. Is rearranged so as to distribute and arrange. As a result, since there is an empty sector 32 for each track 31, it is possible to eliminate the need for a seek at the time of the write processing after the read processing, thereby improving the performance of the write processing.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the disk driver program 7 performs the rearrangement processing of the empty sectors 32 based on the request frequency of the write processing. The empty sector 32 can be arranged in an optimum area of each of the tracks 31 of the second. Therefore, the performance of the write processing can be improved.

Embodiment 8 FIG. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a configuration of a disc of the information processing system according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 19, in FIG. 19, 41 is a disk, 42 is a fixed storage area of the disk 41, and 43 to 46 are address map storage areas, free bitmap storage areas secured in the storage area 42, respectively. A time stamp value storage area and a valid flag bit storage area.

In the first to seventh embodiments, each time the information processing apparatus 1 and the disk 2 are turned off, the address map 6 and the free bit map 5 built on the memory of the information processing apparatus 1 are used.
12. Since the contents of the time stamp value holding register 9 are lost, it is necessary to perform the reconstruction processing described in the first embodiment. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to save the time for the rebuilding process, as shown in FIG. 19, a fixed storage area 42 on the disk 41 is divided into an address map storage area 43 and a free bitmap storage area 44. , Time stamp value storage area 45 and valid flag bit storage area 4
Reserve for 6.

When the disk driver program 7 initializes the disk 41 as described in the first embodiment, the contents written on the disk 41 are invalid in addition to the initialization processing. , Set the valid flag bit on the disk 41 to 0 (invalid).

When the operating system 3 stops its operation, the disk driver program 7 stores the address map 6 and the free bit map 5 of the information processing apparatus 1.
12 and the contents of the time stamp value holding register 9 are stored in an address map storage area 44, a free bit map storage area 44, and a time stamp value storage area 45 in a storage area 42 on the disk 41, respectively. Thereafter, the disk driver program 7 sets the valid flag bit 1 on the disk 41 to 1 (valid), and then stops the operating system 3. Thereafter, the I / O processing is not performed on the disk 41 because the operating system 3 is stopped until the power is turned off.

When the power of the disk 41 and the information processing apparatus 1 is turned on and the operating system 3 starts operating, the disk driver program 7 performs the following processing. 1. The disk driver program 7 first checks whether the valid flag bit on the disk 41 is 1 (valid) or 0 (invalid), and when the valid flag bit is set to 1, saves the address map of the disk 41. The address map, the free bitmap, and the time stamp value information are read from the area 43, the free bit map storage area 44, and the time stamp value storage area 45, and the address map 6 and the free bit map 5 in the memory of the information processing apparatus 1 are read. , 12 and time stamp value holding register 9
Set to.

When the valid flag bit 1 is 0 (invalid), the disk driver program 7 performs the reconfiguration processing as described in the first embodiment. 2. Next, the disk driver program 7 resets the valid flag bit 1 on the disk 41 to 0 (invalid). After this, the disk driver program 7
Performs the I / O processing of the disk 41 in accordance with the request.

As described above, in the present embodiment, when the operating system 3 stops operating due to the disk driver program 7, the address map 6, the free bit maps 5, 12 and the time stamp value holding register of the information processing apparatus 1 are stored. 9 is stored in the disk 41, and when the operating system 3 starts operating by the disk driver program 7, the information of the address map, the free bit map and the time stamp value is read from the disk 41 and the information processing apparatus 1 is read. Are configured in the address map 6, the free bitmaps 5, 12 and the time stamp value holding register 9 of the information processing apparatus 1 even when the information constructed in the memory of the information processing apparatus 1 is lost when the operating system 3 is stopped. The information is stored on the disc 41 in advance. Is, information of the disc 41 to the operating system 3 boot is automatically set to the read and the information processing apparatus on a memory. For this reason, the processing required at the time of booting the operating system 3 can be greatly simplified, and the boot time can be reduced.

Embodiment 9 FIG. In this embodiment, the logical address / physical address conversion mechanism in the first embodiment is used as an auxiliary device for speeding up the normal write processing of the disk 2. Some types of application programs 4 perform synchronous writing so that data written by the application programs 4 is not lost even when the system abnormally ends.

[0113] Synchronous writing is a processing request in which after the application program 4 requests a write process, the operating system 3 not only accepts the write process, but also suspends the execution of the application program 4 until it is actually written to the disk 2. It is.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the first embodiment is used.
A disk mechanism similar to that described above is additionally provided and used as a buffer disk. When performing the write process, first write to the buffer disk, and when writing to the buffer disk is completed, the application program 4
Resume execution of. In parallel with this processing, the normal main disk 2 is written in the optimized order from the buffer on the memory, and when the writing processing to the main disk 2 is completed, the contents correspond to the contents written in the main disk 2. Free the corresponding area on the buffer disk.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the information processing system according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention. 20, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts. The disk driver program 7 is configured inside the operating system 3 in order to partially change the behavior of the operating system 3 regarding the write processing.
51 is a buffer memory, and 52 is a buffer disk. Free bitmap 5 and buffer memory 51
Has the same number of entries as the total number of sectors of the buffer disk 52.

The number of entries in the address map 6 is equal to the total number of sectors of the main disk 2. The operating system 3 assigns I to the total n sectors of the main disk 2.
/ O. The disk driver program 7 uses the buffer disk 52 to buffer data to be written in such a manner that the power is cut off, and notifies the application program 4 of the end of the writing process sooner.

FIG. 21 shows the buffer disk 5 shown in FIG.
FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the structure of the sector of the main disk shown in FIG. 20. When using the buffer disk 52 and the main disk 2 for the first time, the disk driver program 7 uses the buffer disk 52 and the main disk 2 after performing the following initialization processing.

The disk driver program 7 sets 0 in the time stamp field of each sector of the buffer disk 52, and sets 1 (valid) in the valid flag bit of the valid flag bit storage area 54 in the storage area 53. , The time stamp value in the time stamp value storage area 55 is set to 1. After the initialization processing, I / O processing and processing at the time of system startup are performed according to the following procedure.

FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing a processing flow immediately after the power of the information processing system shown in FIG. 20 is turned on. When the power is turned on to the computer system and the operation is started, the following initialization processing is performed. 1. The disk driver program 7 sets all the bits of the free bitmap 5 to 1 (free) (step S121). 2. The disk driver program 7 sets all in the physical sector address field of the address map 6 and sets all 0 in the time stamp field of the address map 6 (step S121). 3. The disk driver program 7 sets the time stamp value read from the buffer disk 52 into the time stamp value holding register 9 (Step S122).

Furthermore, the disk driver program 7
The normal end flag value is read from the valid flag bit storage area 54 of the storage area 53 of the buffer disk 52 (Step S123). If the disk driver program 7 determines that the normal end flag value read from the valid flag bit storage area 54 of the buffer disk 52 is 1 (valid) (step S124), it indicates that the previous end was normal. 24, 2 to be described later.
5 (step S12)
5). If the disk driver program 7 determines that the normal end flag value read from the valid flag bit storage area 54 of the buffer disk 52 is 0 (invalid) (step S124), it indicates that the previous end was abnormal. , A recovery process shown in FIGS.

FIGS. 24 and 25 are flow charts showing the write processing / read processing flow of the information processing system shown in FIG. In the I / O processing accepting state, the write processing requested from the application program 4 is processed as follows. 1. The disk driver program 7 waiting for an I / O request from the operating system 3 receives a write request from the operating system 3 (Step S).
132), the free bitmap 5 is searched to determine whether there is a free sector in which the entry bit is set to 1 (free) (step S133).

If there is no free sector, the disk driver program 7 waits until a free sector is generated by the processing described later (step S134). The disk driver program 7 searches the free bitmap 5 for a free sector of the entry in which the bit closest to the value of the last access sector position holding register 8 is set to 1 (step S135). Disk driver program 7
Sets the bit of the corresponding entry of the free bitmap 5 to 0 (in use) when a free sector is found (step S136).

2. The disk driver program 7 writes the data content from the operating system 3 to the buffer memory 51 corresponding to the found empty sector (step S137). 3. The disk driver program 7 searches the address map 6 for the physical sector address of the entry corresponding to the logical sector address requesting the write process, and stores the physical sector address in the physical sector address field of the searched entry.
The physical sector address of the empty sector in the free bitmap 5 is set, and the value of the time stamp value holding register 9 is set in the time stamp field of the entry of the searched address map 6 (step S138).

[0124] 4. The disk driver program 7 stores the logical sector address for which the write processing is requested, the data from the operating system 3 and the current time stamp in the empty sector of the buffer disk 52 corresponding to the empty sector of the searched entry of the free bitmap 5. Write the value of the value holding register 9 (step S13)
9). 5. The disk driver program 7 increments the value of the time stamp value holding register 9 by 1 (step S140). 6. The disk driver program 7 notifies the operating system 3 that the write processing has been completed (step S141), and ends the write processing.

FIG. 26 is a flowchart showing a processing flow performed in parallel with the write processing of the disk driver program shown in FIG. In parallel with the above write processing,
The disk driver program 7 performs the following processing. 1. The disk driver program 7 sends a write request from the operating system 3 to the buffer disk 52.
Wait for a predetermined time to elapse (step S
151). 2. The disk driver program 7 checks the entries of the address map 6 in ascending order from 0 of the logical sector address (step S152), and, for the entry of the logical sector address in the entry of the address map 6, a number greater than 0 as the time stamp value. Is set, and if it is determined that a number greater than 0 is set (step S153), the following processing is performed.

The disk driver program 7 sets the value of the logical sector address field of the entry in which a large number was set as the time stamp value to A, the value of the physical sector address field to X, and The contents of the buffer memory 51 to be written are written to the logical sector address A of the main disk 2 (step S154).

Furthermore, the disk driver program 7
The bit of the entry of the physical sector address X of the free bitmap 5 is set to 0, and the time stamp value of the entry of the logical sector address A of the address map 6 is set to 0 (step S155). The disk driver program 7 adds 1 to the logical sector address i (step S156), determines whether or not the value is larger than the total number of entries -1 of the address map 6, and if it is larger (step S157). Returning to step S151, if smaller (step S157), the process returns to step S153. The disk driver program 7 performs the process of writing the contents of the buffer memory 51 to the main disk 2 in order from the logical sector address 0 for all entries of the address map 6.

In the I / O processing accepting state, the read processing requested from the application program 4 is processed as follows. Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 1. If the logical sector address of the sector for which reading is requested is X, the disk driver program 7 selects an entry of logical sector address = X from the address map 6.

[0129] 2. The disk driver program 7 determines whether the time stamp value of the entry corresponding to the logical sector address X of the address map 6 is 0, and determines that the time stamp value is 0 (Step S).
142) Since the buffer memory 51 does not hold the corresponding data and the corresponding data has been written to the main disk 2, the main disk 2 is requested to perform a read process for the corresponding sector (step S143). After the processing is completed, the disk driver program 7 reads the data requested to be read from the main disk 2 and, via the operating system 3 (step SS144),
Transfer to application program 4.

[0130] 3. If the time stamp value of the entry corresponding to the logical sector address X in the address map 6 is 1 or more (step S142), the disk driver program 7 writes the data corresponding to the main disk 2 into the buffer memory, although the data has not been written yet. Since the data corresponding to the data 51 is held, the data in the buffer memory 51 corresponding to the value of the physical sector address field for which the read processing of the address map 6 is requested is transferred via the operating system 3 to the application program. 4 (step S145).

When the operating system 3 stops, the disk driver program 7 performs the process of writing the contents of the buffer memory 51 to the main disk 2 described with reference to FIG. 26, and writes all data to be written to the main disk 2. Further, the disk driver program 7 sets the normal end flag of the time stamp value storage area 55 on the buffer disk 52 to 1 (valid) because there is no data remaining on the buffer disk 52 to indicate that the operation has been completed normally. Then, the value of the time stamp value holding register 9 is stored in the time stamp value storage area 5 of the buffer disk 52.
Write 5

FIGS. 27 and 28 are flow charts showing the flow of the recovery processing immediately after the power supply of the disk driver program shown in FIG. 20 is turned on. Disk driver program 7
If the value is 0 (invalid) when the system is started and the normal end flag on the buffer disk 52 is confirmed, the recovery is performed by the following processing. 1. The disk driver program 7 reads the sector contents of all the sectors of the buffer disk 52 from the beginning (physical sector address 0) (step S161), and reconstructs the address map 6. The disk driver program 7 determines whether or not the time stamp value read from the buffer disk 52 is 1 or more. If it is 1 or more (step S162), the process proceeds to step S163. If it is not 1 (step S162), the process proceeds to step S169. Proceed to.

The disk driver program 7 determines whether the time stamp value read from the buffer disk 52 is 1 or more and the time stamp value of the corresponding entry in the address map 5 is 0, and If it is determined that the time stamp value of the entry in No. 6 is 0 (step S163), the time stamp value read from the main disk 2 and the physical sector address of the sector are set in the corresponding entry of the address map 6 (step S163). S164).

If the disk driver program 7 determines that the time stamp value of the corresponding entry in the address map 6 is 1 or more (step S163), the disk driver program 7 reads out the time stamp value of the corresponding address map 6 from the main disk 2. If the time stamp value of the address map 6 is smaller than the read time stamp value (step S16).
5) In step S164, when it is determined that the read time stamp value is larger than the time stamp value in the address map 6 (step S165), the process proceeds to step S164.
Proceed to 169.

The disk driver program 7 sets the time stamp value and the physical sector address in the address map 6 in step S164, and then sets the bit of the entry in the free bit map 5 corresponding to the physical sector address of the sector read from the main disk 2. Is set to 0 (in use) (step S165). The disk driver program 7 calculates the target physical sector address + 1n
It is determined whether there is a sector on the main disk or not. If the sector is on the main disk 2 (step S166), the sector is read from the main disk 2 and the process proceeds to step S162
Return to When the disk driver program 7 determines that the sector corresponding to the target physical sector address + 1n is not on the main disk 2 (step S166), the process proceeds to step S169.

[0136] 2. After the above processing has been performed for all the sectors, the disk driver program 7 checks all the entries of the address map 6 in ascending order from 0 of the logical sector address (step S169), and When it is determined that the time stamp value is 1 or more (step S170), since there is data that has not been written back from the buffer disk 52 to the main disk 2, the data of the sector indicated by the logical sector address field is stored in the buffer disk 52. Rewrite from sector X to sector i of main disk 2 (step S17)
1).

The disk driver program 7 adds 1 to sector i of the main disk 2 (step S172),
It is determined whether or not the value is larger than the number of entries -1 of the address map 6, and when it is determined that the value is larger (step S
173) The process proceeds to step S174, and if it is determined that the size is smaller (step S173), the process returns to step S170.
This process of writing the contents of the buffer disk 52 to the main disk 2 is performed for all entries of the address map 6.

[0138] 3. The disk driver program 7 searches the maximum time stamp value for all entries of the address map 6, and sets +1 to the time stamp value holding register 9 (step S174). 4. The disk driver program 7 sets all 1 (free) to the bits of the free bitmap 5 (step S174), sets all 0 to the physical sector address field of the address map 6, and sets all to the time stamp field of the address map 6. 0 is set (step S175), and the restoration process ends. 5. The disk driver program 7 enters a state of waiting for I / O processing from the operating system 3.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the buffer memory 51 is provided in the information processing apparatus 1, and information from the operating system 3 for which a write process is requested is written in the buffer memory 51 by the disk driver program 7. By the disk driver program 7,
If it is determined that all the information requested to be written to the disk 2 has not been written, the information is read from the buffer memory 51 and written to the disk 2 so that all the information requested to be written to the disk 2 Even if the information has not been written, the information can be read from the buffer memory 51 previously written and written to the disk 2.

In this embodiment, a buffer disk 52 connected to the information processing apparatus 1 is provided, and information from the operating system 3 for which a write process is requested is written in the buffer disk 52 by the disk driver program 7. When the operating system 3 starts operating by the driver program 7,
The information is read from the buffer disk 52 and the disk 2
When the operating system 3 is started up, even if the operating system 3 is stopped and all the data required for the write process is not written to the disk 2, the buffer disk which has been written in advance is written. Information can be read from 52 and written to disk 2.

In this embodiment, in the synchronous writing for guaranteeing the data writing, the seek processing is not required or the writing is performed first on the buffer disk 52, which requires only a short time.
Can be reduced in the time required to stop. In addition, when data is collectively transferred from the buffer memory 51 to the main disk 51, the write processing can be performed collectively for more I / O requests.
A method for reducing the seek distance, such as a request sorting process, can be effectively used, and the write throughput of the main disk 2 can be improved.

In the ninth embodiment, when there is no processing for the buffer disk 52, the free sector relocation routine is operated using the free time so as to approach the same allocation of free sectors as in the seventh embodiment. You may be comprised so that it may be performed. . That is, the empty sectors in the main disk 2 may be rearranged on the outer tracks.
At this time, processing requests to the buffer disk 52 are all write processing other than the above-described recovery processing, so that empty sectors are concentrated on continuous physical sector addresses on the outer track where I / O processing is performed at high speed, and continuous processing is performed. To perform write processing. For this reason, the write performance can be improved.

[0143]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when data is written to a sector of a disk, data is written to a free sector closest to the last accessed sector, thereby performing a process of writing to the disk. Can be performed on the empty sector closest to the current head position (the head position accessed last), so that the seek processing time when writing data can be shortened and the throughput of the write processing can be improved. There is an effect that can be.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the number of sectors provided to the operating system corresponding to the number of logical sectors in the address map is smaller than the number of sectors actually stored by the disk. By setting so that a certain amount of free sectors can always exist in the disk, the effect that the optimum one from more free sectors can be selected when searching for free sectors at the time of write processing. There is.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, when data is written to a sector of a disk, data is written for an empty sector searched based on the physical configuration based on the cylinder number, head number, and sector number of the sector accessed last. With this configuration, the writing process to the disk can be performed more efficiently than in the case of performing the logical sector address according to the first aspect. Therefore, the seek processing time for writing the data can be shortened more than the case of the first aspect. Thus, there is an effect that the throughput of the writing process can be further improved.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, when the disk driver program searches for a free sector based on the physical configuration of the last accessed sector, the last accessed sector is searched. When a sector with the same distance from the outer track is searched for on both the outer track and the inner track, as viewed from the last accessed sector, the sector on the outer track is selected so that the outer track is selected. A free sector can be selected in consideration of the characteristics of a disk that a sector can be read / written with higher performance, so that the sector can be selected.
There is an effect that it is possible to increase opportunities for performing write processing with higher throughput than in the case of (1).

According to the invention set forth in claim 5, claims 1 to 5 are provided.
4. In the invention according to any one of the aspects 4, after the write processing is performed on the searched empty sector by the disk driver program, the empty sector of the physical sector address closest to the physical sector address of the sector on which the write processing is performed is obtained from the free bit map. , And seek processing is performed on the searched empty sector, and the physical sector address of the searched empty sector is set in the last access sector position holding register. Before, it is possible to perform a seek process on the searched empty sector beforehand,
When a write request comes from the operating system, without performing seek processing to the searched empty sectors,
There is an effect that writing can be performed efficiently and the response / throughput of the writing process can be improved.

According to the invention described in claim 6, claims 1 to 1 are provided.
5. In the invention according to any one of the aspects 5, a queue buffer for storing a write / read processing request from the operating system is provided between the operating system and the disk driver program, and the disk driver program stores two or more write processing requests in the queue buffer. When it is determined that the data is stored, the free bit map is searched for a free sector that is closest to the physical sector address set in the last access sector position holding register and that is continuous according to the number of write processing requests. However, there is an effect that the throughput of the write processing can be improved by configuring the processing of the write processing request of the queue buffer for the searched consecutive free sectors collectively.

According to the invention of claim 7, in the invention of claim 6, when the read / write request is not stored in the queue buffer by the disk driver program, the read / write request is distributed to each track of the disk type storage device. By arranging empty sectors in such a way that the seek process is performed, the seek distance at the time of the write process can be reduced, so that the seek time can be reduced and the response / throughput of the write process can be improved. There is an effect that can be.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the invention of the seventh aspect, the disk driver program is configured to perform the relocation processing of the empty sector based on the request frequency of the write processing. Since empty sectors can be arranged in the optimal area of each track according to the request frequency of the processing, there is an effect that the performance of the write processing can be improved.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the first to fifth aspects are as follows.
8. In the invention according to any one of the above 8, when the operating system is stopped by the disk driver program, the information of the address map, the free bit map, and the time stamp value holding register of the information processing device are stored in the disk type storage device. When the operating system is started by the disk driver program, the address map, the free bitmap, and the time stamp value information are read from the disk storage device, and the address map, the free bit map, and the time stamp of the information processing device are read. With the configuration in which the value is set in the value holding register, even if the information constructed in the memory of the information processing device is lost when the operating system is stopped, the information is stored in advance in the disk type storage device when the operating system is stopped, and the operating system is stopped. When the system is started, the information in the disk storage device is read out and automatically set in the memory of the information processing unit, so that the processing required when the operating system starts can be greatly simplified, and the startup time can be shortened. There is an effect that can be.

According to the tenth aspect, the first aspect is provided.
In the invention according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, a buffer memory is provided in the information processing apparatus, information from the operating system for which write processing is requested is written in the buffer memory by a disk driver program, and the disk type is written by the disk driver program. When it is determined that all the information required for the write process has not been written to the storage device, the information is read from the buffer memory and written to the disk type storage device, whereby the write process request is issued to the disk type storage device. Even if all the information has not been written, the information can be read from the buffer memory that has been written in advance and written to the disk storage device.

According to the eleventh aspect, according to the first aspect,
In the invention according to any one of the above (10) to (10), a buffer disk type storage device connected to the information processing device is provided, and information from the operating system for which a write process is requested is written into the buffer disk type storage device by a disk driver program. When the operating system is started by the disk driver program, the information is read from the buffer disk type storage device and written to the disk type storage device. Even if not all the data required for the write processing has been written, when the operating system is started, the information can be read from the previously written buffer disk storage device and written to the disk storage device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an information processing system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a format of one sector of the disk shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a read / write processing flow of the disk driver program shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a reconfiguration processing flow of the disk driver program shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a structure of a last access sector position holding register in the information processing system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing general expressions of a cylinder number, a head number, and a sector number of a disk in the information processing system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a structure of a free bitmap in the information processing system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a read / write processing flow of a disk driver program in the information processing system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a read / write processing flow of a disk driver program in the information processing system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a read / write processing flow of a disk driver program in the information processing system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a read / write processing flow of a disk driver program in the information processing system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an information processing system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a read / write processing flow of a disk driver program in the information processing system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a read / write processing flow of a disk driver program in the information processing system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a read / write processing flow of a disk driver program in the information processing system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an arrangement of empty sectors on a disk in an information processing system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an arrangement of empty sectors on a disk in an information processing system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an arrangement of empty sectors on a disk in an information processing system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a configuration of a disc in the information processing system according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an information processing system according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a structure of a sector of the buffer disk shown in FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a structure of a sector of the main disk shown in FIG. 20;

FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing a processing flow immediately after power-on of the information processing system shown in FIG. 20;

FIG. 24 shows a light / write of the information processing system shown in FIG.
It is a flowchart which shows a read processing flow.

FIG. 25 shows a light /
It is a flowchart which shows a read processing flow.

26 is a flowchart showing a processing flow performed in parallel with the write processing of the disk driver program shown in FIG.

FIG. 27 is a flowchart showing a recovery processing flow of the disk driver program shown in FIG. 20 immediately after power-on.

FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing a recovery processing flow of the disk driver program shown in FIG. 20 immediately after power-on.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Information processing device, 2, 41 Disk storage device, 3
Operating system, 4 application programs, 5, 12 free bitmap, 6 address map, 7 disk driver program, 8, 11
Last access sector position holding register, 9 time stamp value holding register, 21 queue buffer, 31 tracks, 32 empty sectors, 33 cylinder group,
42, 53 storage area, 43 address map storage area, 44 free bitmap storage area, 45, 55
Time stamp value storage area, 46, 54 Valid flag bit storage area, 51 buffer memory, 52 buffer disk.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-5-216593 (JP, A) JP-A-7-295760 (JP, A) JP-A-4-7630 (JP, A) JP-A-2- 165220 (JP, A) JP-A-61-160133 (JP, A) JP-A-8-161229 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G06F 3/06

Claims (11)

(57) [Claims] 1. An application program, an operating system for exchanging with the application program, a disk driver program for exchanging with the operating system, and an address map in which a logical sector address, a physical sector address, and a time stamp value are set by the disk driver program. ,
A free bitmap in which the physical sector address and bits are set by the disk driver program; a last access sector position holding register in which the physical sector address of the sector accessed last by the disk driver program is set; and a time stamp value by the disk driver program In an information processing system including an information processing device having a time stamp value holding register in which a time stamp value is set, and a disk storage device connected to the information processing device, When a write process is requested for a logical sector address, a physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address is searched from the address map, and the physical sector address corresponding to the searched physical sector address is searched. Set the bit of the entry of the free bitmap to free, and the disk driver program determines from the free bitmap the free space of the physical sector address closest to the physical sector address of the last accessed sector set in the last access sector position holding register. The disk driver program searches for a sector, sets the bit of the entry of the physical sector address of the free bit map corresponding to the searched empty sector to in use, and sets the address map corresponding to the logical sector address for which the write process is requested. The disk driver program sets the physical sector address of the searched empty sector in the entry of the logical sector address for which write processing is requested and the time stamp value holding register. The disk driver program sets the physical sector address of the empty sector of the disk type storage device in which the data was written in the last access sector position holding register and writes the time stamp value together with the time stamp value to be held. An information processing system for incrementing a time stamp value of a register. 2. The information processing system according to claim 1, wherein the number of sectors provided to the operating system corresponding to the number of logical sector addresses in the address map is smaller than the number of sectors actually stored by the disk storage device. Information processing system characterized by setting as follows. 3. An application program, an operating system for exchanging with the application program, a disk driver program for exchanging with the operating system, and an address map in which a logical sector address, a physical sector address and a time stamp value are set by the disk driver program. ,
A free bitmap in which the physical configuration of the sector, the physical sector address and bits are set by the disk driver program, a last access sector position holding register in which the physical configuration of the last accessed sector is set by the disk driver program, In an information processing system including an information processing device having a time stamp value holding register in which a time stamp value is set by a driver program, and a disk storage device connected to the information processing device, When the system requests write processing to the logical sector address of the disk-type storage device, a physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address is searched from the address map, and the searched physical sector address is searched. The bit of the entry of the free bitmap corresponding to the address is set to free, and the disk driver program sets the free sector based on the physical configuration of the last accessed sector set in the last access sector position holding register from the free bitmap. And setting the used bit of the entry of the physical sector address of the free bit map corresponding to the searched empty sector to in use, and the disk driver program reads the address map corresponding to the logical sector address for which the write process is requested. Set the physical sector address of the searched empty sector in the entry. The disk driver program writes the data transferred from the operating system to the logical sector address for which write processing is requested and the time held by the timestamp value holding register. The disk driver program sets the physical sector address of the empty sector of the disk type storage device in which the data was written in the last access sector position holding register, and writes the time in the time stamp value holding register together with the stamp value. An information processing device for incrementing a stamp value. 4. The information processing system according to claim 3, wherein when searching for a free sector based on the physical configuration of the last accessed sector, the disk driver program has equal distances from the last accessed sector. An information processing system, wherein a sector on an outer track is selected when a sector is found on both an outer track and an inner track as viewed from the last accessed sector. 5. The information processing system according to claim 1, wherein the disk driver program performs a write process on the searched empty sector, and then writes a physical address of the sector that has performed the write process from the free bitmap. The disk driver program searches for a free sector of the physical sector address closest to the sector address, and the seek operation is performed on the searched free sector, and the physical sector address of the searched free sector is stored in the last access sector position holding register. An information processing system characterized by setting. 6. The information processing system according to claim 1, further comprising: a queue buffer for storing a write / read processing request from the operating system between the operating system and the disk driver program. If it is determined that two or more write processing requests have been stored in the queue buffer, the number of write processing requests is the closest to the physical sector address set in the last access sector position holding register from the free bitmap, and An information processing system which searches for empty sectors found, and collectively performs processing of write processing requests accumulated in a queue buffer for the searched continuous empty sectors. 7. The information processing system according to claim 6, wherein, when no write / read request is stored in the queue buffer, the disk driver program allocates empty sectors so as to be distributed to each track of the disk storage device. An information processing system for performing rearrangement processing. 8. The information processing system according to claim 7, wherein the disk driver program performs free sector relocation processing based on a request frequency of the write processing. 9. The information processing system according to claim 1, wherein the disk driver program retains an address map, a free bit map, and a time stamp value of the information processing device when the operating system stops operating. Register information is stored in the disk storage device, and the disk driver program reads the address map, free bitmap, and time stamp value information from the disk storage device when the operating system starts operating, and processes the information. An information processing system comprising setting an address map, a free bit map, and a time stamp value holding register of a device. 10. The information processing system according to claim 1, wherein a buffer memory is provided in the information processing device, and the disk driver program writes information from the operating system requested to perform the write process to the buffer memory. The information processing method according to claim 1, wherein the disk driver program reads the information from the buffer memory and writes the information to the disk-type storage device when the disk driver program determines that all the information required for the write processing has not been written to the disk-type storage device. system. 11. The information processing system according to claim 1, further comprising a buffer disk-type storage device connected to the information processing device, wherein the disk driver program is provided from an operating system requested to perform a write process. An information processing system wherein information is written to a buffer disk type storage device, and a disk driver program reads information from the buffer disk type storage device and writes the information to the disk type storage device when the operating system starts operating. .