JP3063558B2 - Spreader for multi-stage container - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spreader for multi-stacking containers, and more particularly to an improvement in positioning accuracy of stacked containers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when containers are stacked in a multi-stage manner using a container yard or the like, a spreader for container multi-stage stacking that prevents the stacked containers from being displaced in the width direction or the length direction and stably performs multi-stage stacking. However, for example,
It is disclosed in 246680 and JP-A-5-338985.

The multi-stage spreader 1 disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-246680 is attached to a spreader body 21 suspended by a hoisting rope 22, as shown in a side view of FIG. A guide flipper 24 is provided at the tip of the lifting device 23. The elevating device 23 is attached to a fixed column 25 provided on both sides of the spreader body 21 so that an intermediate column 26 and a tip column 27 can be vertically extended and contracted, as shown in the configuration diagram of FIG. The position of the tip column 27 is made variable by a hydraulic cylinder 28 provided at the center. The guide flipper 24 is held by a guide flipper holder having a bracket 29 and a parallel link 30 provided at the tip of the tip column 27 and a horizontal beam. When suspending the container 2 with the spreader-1, the guide flipper 24 is used.
Is lifted by the lifting device 23 to spread the spreader body 21
The spreader body 21 is fixed to the corner portion 21a of the spreader 21 by a fixing device and positioned by the guide flipper 24.
Is hung from the container 2. After that, guide flipper
The guide flipper 24 is lowered by the lifting device 23, and the lowered guide flipper 24 is fixed to the lower corner portion of the container 2 by the hydraulic cylinder 31 of the guide flipper holding portion. Then, the container 2 hung on the spreader-1 is moved onto another container arranged in advance, and the guide flipper
Position at 24 and stack.

In a multi-stage spreader 1 disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-338895, as shown in the perspective views of FIGS. 10 and 11, a corner flipper 41 is interposed via a movable beam 42. It is attached to both ends of the vertical beam 43. As shown in FIG. 10, as the elevating device for the elevating beam 43, as shown in FIG. The drive cylinder 46 is used to raise and lower the cross beam 43 along the hollow vertical guide 45, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, a sprocket 51 provided on
And a chain hoisting mechanism 52, and a chain hoisting mechanism 5
2 and the center rising portion of the lifting / lowering cross beam 43 are connected by a plurality of hollow blocks 53, and the plurality of hollow blocks 53 and the lifting / lowering cross beam 43 are raised and lowered by rotating a sprocket 51 with a motor.

For example, as shown in FIG. 10, when a vertical driving cylinder 46 housed in a hollow vertical guide 45 is used, when stacking containers 2 suspended on the spreader-1 in a multi-stage manner, the vertical guide 45 is used. The vertical guide 45 is rotated to the vertical position by the rotating tilting cylinder 47, the lifting / lowering horizontal beam 43 is lowered to a predetermined position by the vertical driving cylinder 46, and the movable beam 4 is moved by the horizontal driving cylinder 48.
2 is moved inward so that the alignment convex portion of the corner flipper 41 is fitted into the fitting hole of the lower corner fitting of the container 2, and the lower corner of the container 2 in which the corner flipper 41 is suspended. -Fix it to the corner. Then, the container 2 suspended on the spreader-1 is moved onto another container arranged in advance, positioned by the corner flipper 41, and stacked. When the container 2 is set on the lower container, the movable beam 42 is moved outward by the horizontal driving cylinder 48, the corner flipper 41 is detached from the container 2, and the vertical beam 43 is moved by the vertical driving cylinder 46. Is raised, the vertical guide 45 is tilted outward by the tilt cylinder 47, and then the suspension of the container 2 is released.

[0006]

Some containers have irregularities on the surface due to a collision of a corner portion or the like, and a knob has popped out due to a poor operation of a door knob. When the elevating cross beam having the guide flipper and the corner flipper is moved up and down along the surface of such a container, the elevating cross beam collides (interferences) with the convex portion of the container surface and the protruding door knob. On the other hand, the above conventional multi-stage spreader has a rigid structure and a large weight that move along the front and rear surfaces of the container of the elevating device. When the container collides with a convex portion on the surface of the container, a large force is applied to the lifting device or the container, and there is a risk that the lifting device stops or the door knob is damaged.

Further, in the above-mentioned conventional lifting device, since the guide members such as the intermediate column and the tip column must be raised and lowered together with the lifting and lowering cross beam having the guide flipper and the corner flipper, the lifting device is moved up and down. The weight increases, and it is necessary to increase the capability of the lifting device, which increases the size of the driving device of the lifting device.

Further, a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the spreader main body and a hydraulic cylinder are connected by a hydraulic hose to drive a hydraulic cylinder and the like provided on the elevating beam, and a position detection sensor and the like provided on the elevating beam are provided. It is connected to the control device on the main body of the spreader by a cable, but when raising and lowering the elevating cross beam, it is necessary to unwind and wind these hoses and cables in synchronization with the movement of the elevating cross beam. For this purpose, a winding device and the like have to be mounted on the main body of the spreader. For this reason, a space for installing a winding device or the like on the spreader main body is required, so that an extra space is required on the upper portion of the spreader main body and the weight is heavy. Further, the structure of the control device for controlling the operation of the winding device and the like has become complicated.

Further, in order to reduce distribution costs, it is necessary to reduce the time required for a series of container handling operations by increasing the elevating speed of the elevating device as much as possible. However, in order to raise and lower the moving distance of the elevating cross beam about 3 m with a direct-acting hydraulic cylinder at a high speed, it is necessary to further increase the capacity of a hydraulic pump for driving the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic unit mounted on the spreader is large. And increase the weight. For this reason, it is necessary to secure a wide installation space for the drive device of the lifting device such as the hydraulic pump of the spreader, and the weight of the entire spreader increases, and the crane must be enlarged. It has been difficult to increase the capacity of hydraulic pumps and the like.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages, and quickly moves a lifting / lowering cross beam having a guide flipper for positioning a container with a simple structure.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a container multi-stage spreader capable of shortening a container handling operation time.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems] spreader containers multistage product according to the present invention - is lifting crossbeam with telescopic A - and a beam and the lifting means, the lifting crossbeam guide flipper on both ends - has spreader − Provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction
Are attached to the cross beams at both ends.
The telescopic arm moves up and down along the front and rear surfaces of the tena, and the telescopic arm is composed of a pandagraph mechanism connected between both ends of the horizontal beam and the elevating horizontal beam. A winch device.

[0012] The second container multistage product for spreader according to the present invention - is lifting crossbeam with telescopic A - and a beam and the lifting means, the lifting crossbeam guide flipper on both ends - has, spray
Both ends in the longitudinal direction of the redder
Attached to each beam, before and after the container by lifting means
The telescopic arm moves up and down along the plane, and the telescopic arm comprises a pandagraph mechanism connected between both ends of the horizontal beam and the vertical beam, and the raising and lowering means includes a cylinder connecting between adjacent arms of the telescopic arm. It is characterized by having.

[0013]

According to the present invention, there is provided a guide flipper for positioning the spreader with respect to the container to be gripped when the container is gripped by the spreader, or for positioning the gripped container when stacking the gripped containers in multiple stages. Is quickly moved up and down along the container by the elevating means comprising a winch device. The lifting beam and the spreader are provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction, respectively.
It was made between the two ends the cross beam from the pantograph mechanism stretching A -
To prevent the swinging of the up and down cross beams, and maintain the posture.

As an elevating means, an adjacent arm of a telescopic arm composed of a pandagraph mechanism is connected by a cylinder, and the pandagraph mechanism is extended and contracted by the cylinder to quickly raise and lower the cross beam and to use a small cylinder. Raises and lowers the horizontal beam.

Further, a hydraulic hose or a cable for connecting a hydraulic cylinder or various sensors installed on the elevating beam and a hydraulic device or a control device mounted on the spreader body is connected to a telescopic arm of the pandagraph mechanism. This prevents the hydraulic hose and cable from hanging down, and the hydraulic hose and cable follow the expansion and contraction of the pandagraph mechanism.
Expand and contract cables and cables.

[0016]

1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view and FIG. 2 is a side view. As shown in the figure, at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the spreader-1 for transporting the container 2
Containers 2 are provided on both end surfaces of both end cross beams 3 provided respectively.
A fitting hole 3a similar to the fitting hole of the lower corner fitting is provided at a position corresponding to the fitting hole of the lower corner fitting. This both ends cross beam 3
The winch device 4 is provided on the upper surface of the device. The wire 5 wound around the bobbin of the winch device 4 is connected to a lifting beam 7 via a roller 6 provided at the center of the upper surface of the beam 3 at both ends. A telescopic arm 8 composed of a pandagraph mechanism is connected between the both-end horizontal beam 3 and the up-and-down horizontal beam 7 so that the up-and-down horizontal beam 7 is always parallel to the both-end horizontal beam 3.
The posture of the vertical beam 7 is held by the arm 8.

Fixed guide flippers 9 are fixed to both ends of the vertical beam 7 in parallel with the front and rear surfaces of the container 2.
Also, as shown in the partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, a horizontal drive cylinder 10 for moving a piston rod outward in a horizontal direction orthogonal to both end faces of the vertical beam 6 is provided inside both ends of the vertical beam 7.
Is provided. The horizontal drive cylinder 10 is connected to a hydraulic unit (not shown) provided on the spreader 1, and a movable guide flipper having an inner surface parallel to the side surface of the container 2 at the tip of a piston rod of the horizontal drive cylinder 10. -11 is connected. On the inner surface of the movable guide flipper 11, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 4, a positioning projection 12 which fits into the fitting hole 3a of the cross beam 3 at both ends and the fitting hole of the lower corner fitting of the container 2 is attached. I have. The movable guide flipper 9 is moved by the horizontal drive cylinder 10.
Is moved without interfering with the fixed guide flipper 7 when it is moved to the inside, that is, the container 2 side, so that the inner surface of the movable guide flipper 9 comes into surface contact with the lateral beams 3 at both ends and the side surface of the corner of the container 2. To generate a sufficient frictional force.

A hydraulic hose for connecting the horizontal drive cylinder 10 provided on the elevating beam 7 to a hydraulic device mounted on the spreader 1 and various sensors and the spreader 1 provided on the elevating beam 7 are provided. The cables and the like for connecting the mounted control device are arranged along the telescopic arm 8 composed of a pandagraph mechanism, and the hydraulic hoses and cables hang down and interfere with other devices. Is preventing that.

When the spreader-1 constructed as described above is to be moved by an empty load, the movable guide flippers 11 are moved outward by driving the horizontal drive cylinder 10 provided in the lifting / lowering cross beam 7. The lifting beam 4 is raised by the winch device 4 to the position of the both-end beam 3. As described above, the wire 5 is wound by the winch device 4 to raise the lifting / lowering cross beam 7, so that the lifting / lowering cross beam 7 can be raised at a high speed. Also, when raising and lowering the horizontal beam 7,
The telescopic arm 8 provided between the vertical beam 7 and the horizontal beams 3 at both ends is reduced. However, since the telescopic arm 8 is formed by a pandagraph mechanism, the vertical beam 7 is moved in parallel with the horizontal beams 3 at both ends. In addition to this, it is possible to prevent horizontal swing of the elevating horizontal beam 7 during movement. Also, when raising and lowering the horizontal beam 7, the hydraulic hoses and cables connected to the horizontal driving cylinder 10 and the like are reduced together with the telescopic arm 8 of the pandagraph mechanism. -It is not necessary to mount a winding device or the like which winds up a cable or a cable, so that the weight of the spreader-1 can be reduced.

When the upper end detector (not shown) detects that the elevating cross beam 7 has risen to a predetermined position, the winch device 4
Is stopped to stop the raising and lowering of the horizontal beam 7 and return the horizontal driving cylinder 10 to move the movable guide flipper 11 inward so that the positioning convex portion 12 provided on the inner surface is fitted to the horizontal beam 3 at both ends. It fits into the hole 3a. This alignment projection 12
Is inserted into the fitting holes 3a of both ends of the horizontal beam 3, thereby fixing the elevating horizontal beam 7 to the both ends of the horizontal beam 3. In this state, the spreader-1 is moved to the container lifting position, and the spreader-1 is gradually lowered on the predetermined container 2. After confirming that the spreader-1 has reached the container 2, the spreader-1 The container 2 is gripped and fixed by rotating the twist lock pins at the four corners of the lower surface 1. As described above, when the container 2 is gripped by the spreader 1, the relative position between the spreader 1 and the container 2 due to the positioning error of the crane that moves the spreader 1 or the swing of the spreader 1 due to the influence of wind or the like. And the positioning may take a lot of time. However, since the guide surfaces of the fixed guide flipper 9 and the movable guide flipper 11 protrude from the lower part of each corner portion of the cross beam 3 at both ends, the container 2
The position of spreader-1 with respect to the fixed guide flipper
9 and movable guide flipper 11
The spreader-1 can be positioned with respect to the container 2 in a short time without human intervention.

When the container 2 suspended in the spreader 1 is moved to another container arranged in advance and sequentially stacked, the container 2 is gripped and fixed to the spreader 1 and then horizontally driven. Cylinder 10
Is driven to move the movable guide flippers 11 outward, respectively, and through the fitting holes 3a of the cross beams 3 at both ends, the positioning protrusions 12 are formed.
Is pulled out, and the fixing of the elevating cross beam 6 to the both end cross beams 3 is released. Thereafter, the winch device 4 is driven to raise and lower the cross beam 7.
Is lowered along the container 2. When the elevating beam 7 is lowered, even if the elevating beam 7 collides (interferences) with a convex portion on the surface of the container 2 or a door knob that has protruded, even if the elevating beam 7
The telescopic arm 8 suspended by the wire 5 and constituted by a pandagraph mechanism is lightweight and flexible, so that the elevating cross beam 7 can be moved to the container without applying excessive force to the spreader-1 or the container 2. It can be easily removed from the convex portion on the second surface or the protruding door knob, and it is possible to prevent the lowering of the elevating cross beam 7 from stopping or the door knob from being damaged.

When the lower end detector (not shown) detects that the container 2 has been lowered to the lower end, the lowering of the lifting / lowering cross beam 7 is stopped, the horizontal driving cylinder 10 is returned, and the movable guide flipper 11 is moved inward. , Movable guide flipper-11
Is inserted into the fitting hole of the lower corner fitting of the container 2. By inserting the positioning projection 12 into the fitting hole of the lower corner fitting of the container 2, the lifting beam 7 can be fixed to the lower end of the container 2, and the fixed guide flipper 9 and the movable guide flipper 11 can be fixed. Container 2 inside
Can be brought into surface contact with the front and rear surfaces and side surfaces of each lower corner portion. Thereafter, while the container 2 is suspended by the spreader-1, the container 2 is moved onto another container arranged in advance, and the spreader-1 is gradually lowered to stack the suspended container 2 on the lower container. When the suspended container 2 is stacked on the lower container in this manner, the guide surfaces of the guide flipper 9 and the movable guide flipper 11 projecting from the lower part of the suspended container 2 are arranged along the lower container. Since the container 2 is lowered, even if the container 2 hung by the spreader-1 is shaken by wind or the like, the container 2 can be accurately positioned in the lower container, and the stacking operation can be performed smoothly and the operation time can be greatly reduced. it can. After this stacking is completed, the horizontal drive cylinder 10 is driven to move the movable guide flippers 11 outward, respectively, to pull out the positioning protrusions 12 from the fitting holes of the lower corner metal fittings of the container 2, and move up and down with respect to the container 2. The fixing of the cross beam 7 is released, and the process moves to the next container transport operation.

In the above embodiment, the cross beams 3 at both ends are used.
The case in which the lifting / lowering cross beam 7 connected by the telescopic arm 8 comprising a pandagraph mechanism and the vertical beam is moved up and down by the winch device 4 has been described. The front view when the lifting / lowering cross beam 7 in FIG. As shown in the front view when the cross beam 7 is raised, the head cover of the cylinder tube is attached to the cross beam 3 at both ends.
The piston rod side of the hydraulic cylinder 13 whose side is rotatably mounted is rotatably mounted on the arm adjacent to the arm attached to the cross beam 3 at both ends of the telescopic arm 8 and the cross beam 3 at both ends and the lifting cross beam 7 respectively. The piston rod side of the hydraulic cylinder 13 to which the head cover side of the cylinder tube is rotatably mounted is attached to the piston rod side of the telescopic arm 8 at both ends of the telescopic arm 8 and the elevating horizontal beam 7. The arm may be rotatably attached to an arm adjacent to the arm, and the telescopic arm 8 may be directly expanded and contracted by the hydraulic cylinder 13 to move the elevating beam 7 up and down. By directly expanding and contracting the pandagraph mechanism of the telescopic arm 8 with the small hydraulic cylinder 13, the vertical beam 7 can be raised and lowered quickly, and the hydraulic pump for raising and lowering the vertical beam 7 can be downsized. And the weight of the entire spreader-1 can be reduced.

In the above embodiment, a small hydraulic cylinder 1 is used.
Although the description has been given of the case in which one end of 3 is attached to both ends of the horizontal beam 3 and the vertical beam 7, as shown in FIG. 7, the hydraulic cylinder 13 is directly attached to the adjacent arm of the telescopic arm 8, By doing so, the telescopic arm 8 may be expanded and contracted to raise and lower the horizontal beam 7.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, the spreader is positioned with respect to the container to be gripped when the container is gripped by the spreader, or the gripped container is positioned when the gripped containers are stacked in multiple stages. The lifting / lowering beam having a guide flipper to be moved up and down along the container by the lifting / lowering means composed of a winch device, so that the lifting / lowering beam can be raised and lowered quickly, and the entire lifting device mounted on the spreader can be reduced in size. Can be.

Also, the spreader is provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction.
Each of the provided horizontal beams and the vertical beam are connected by a telescopic arm composed of a pandagraph mechanism to prevent the vertical beam from swinging up and down to keep the vertical beam at a constant position. The stairs can be stably moved up and down.

Further, since a telescopic arm which connects the horizontal beam at both ends and the vertical beam is constituted by a pandagraph mechanism and is lightweight and flexible, when the vertical beam is raised and lowered, it can be provided with a convex portion on the surface of the container or a doorknob which protrudes. Even in the case of collision (interference), the lifting beam can be easily removed from the convex portion of the container surface or the door knob that has protruded without applying excessive force to the spreader or the container. Can be prevented from being damaged.

Further, as a lifting / lowering means, the adjacent arms of a telescopic arm composed of a pandagraph mechanism are connected by a cylinder, and the pandagraph mechanism is directly extended / contracted by the cylinder, whereby the lifting / lowering cross beam can be quickly moved by a small cylinder. Can be raised and lowered. Further, by raising and lowering the elevating cross beam with a small cylinder, the hydraulic pump for elevating the elevating cross beam can be reduced in size, and the weight of the entire spreader can be reduced.

Further, a hydraulic hose or a cable for connecting a hydraulic cylinder or various sensors installed on the elevating cross beam to a hydraulic device or a control device mounted on the spreader body is connected to the telescopic arm of the pandagraph mechanism. This prevents the hydraulic hose and cable from hanging down, and the hydraulic hose and cable follow the expansion and contraction of the pandagraph mechanism.
The spreader and the cable can be expanded and contracted, and there is no need to mount a hydraulic hose or a winding device for winding the cable on the spreader, so that the spreader can be reduced in size and weight. In addition, since the hydraulic hose and the cable can be made to expand and contract mechanically with the elevating and lowering of the elevating cross beam, the control device can be simplified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an end of a lifting beam.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a movable guide flipper.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a state in which a lifting / lowering cross beam according to a second embodiment of the present invention is lowered.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a state where a lifting cross beam of the second embodiment is raised.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a conventional example.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram illustrating a conventional elevating mechanism.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing another conventional example.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a third conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Spreader 2 Container 3 Both ends cross beam 4 Winch device 5 Wire 7 Elevating cross beam 8 Telescopic arm 9 Fixed guide flipper 11 Movable guide flipper 13 Hydraulic cylinder

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tatsuya Nakajima 1-2-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Nippon Kokan Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-4-333500 (JP, A) −42284 (JP, U) Actually open 55-32324 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B66C 1/10 B65G 57/00 B66C 13/06 B66F 9/06

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A lifting crossbeam with telescopic A - and a beam and the lifting means, the lifting crossbeam guide flipper on both ends - has, spray
Both sides provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the redder
Attached to each beam, before and after the container by lifting means
The telescopic arm moves up and down along the plane, and the telescopic arm is composed of a pandagraph mechanism connected between the horizontal beams at both ends and the vertical beams, and the lifting device is installed at the horizontal beams at both ends and the winch device is connected to the vertical beams. A spreader for a multi-tiered container, comprising: 2. A lifting crossbeam with telescopic A - and a beam and the lifting means, the lifting crossbeam guide flipper on both ends - has, spray
Both ends in the longitudinal direction of the redder
Attached to each beam, before and after the container by lifting means
The telescopic arm moves up and down along the plane, and the telescopic arm comprises a pandagraph mechanism connected between both ends of the horizontal beam and the vertical beam, and the raising and lowering means includes a cylinder connecting between adjacent arms of the telescopic arm. Spreader for container multi-stage stacking characterized by having.