JP3062516U - Device for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] To be able to use an inexpensive filter and not require an additional energy source. SOLUTION: In a discharge passage of exhaust gas of a diesel engine, a primary treatment means 11 for bringing exhaust gas into contact with water and transferring particulate matter in the exhaust gas to a water side and removing the same is provided at a subsequent stage of the primary treatment means. The apparatus includes a secondary processing unit 12 for separating and removing water and particulate matter in exhaust gas, and a filter 13 provided at a subsequent stage of the secondary processing unit. The primary treatment means is a container-shaped main body 20 having a lower part as a water tank 24, an exhaust gas introduction part opened below the water surface of the water tank, a baffle plate 3 provided in the main body above the water surface.
0, 31, 32, and an exhaust gas outlet provided at the upper part of the main body and connected to the secondary treatment means. The secondary processing means has a cylindrical container shape, and introduces the exhaust gas from the primary processing means into a swirling flow along the inner peripheral surface, and sends out the center of the swirling flow from the upper outlet to the filter. A structure in which the liquid collected at the bottom of the secondary processing means is returned to the water tank of the primary processing means. The filter shall be made of synthetic resin.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

[Technical field to which the invention belongs]

 The present invention mainly relates to a device for removing particulate matter contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine mounted on a vehicle.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 The reduction of NOx in exhaust gas from diesel engines is not always compatible with the reduction of particulate matter (solid carbon and carbon compounds) in the same exhaust gas. It has been proposed to remove. As a conventional device for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas of this type, a device using a ceramic filter to be recycled has been put into practical use. The schematic configuration is, for example, adopting a wall flow monolith type filter using a porous ceramic monolith as a filter, and providing two types of exhaust passages equipped with such filters so that they can be switched and used. If clogging progresses to a certain extent using one filter, the exhaust path is switched to use the other filter, and the clogged filter that is not in use is heated by an electric heater, and air is blown by a blower to catch it. The filter is regenerated by burning the particulate matter. Since the exhaust gas temperature of the diesel engine does not exceed 600 ° C in normal operation, an electric heater is used to forcibly ignite the exhaust gas.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

 The conventional apparatus uses a relatively expensive ceramic filter, and further uses an electric heater and a blower, which makes the apparatus expensive and requires a vehicle-mounted energy source for regenerating the filter. is there. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas of a diesel engine that can use a relatively inexpensive filter and does not require a separate energy source.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The device for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas according to the present invention is configured such that the exhaust gas is brought into contact with water in an exhaust gas exhaust passage of a diesel engine so that the particulate matter in the exhaust gas is transferred to the water side and removed. It is provided with a primary treatment unit provided, a secondary treatment unit provided after the primary treatment unit to separate and remove moisture and particulate matter in exhaust gas, and a filter provided after the secondary treatment unit. It is characterized by the following (claim 1).

According to this means, when the exhaust gas of the diesel engine passes through the primary treatment means, the temperature of the exhaust gas comes into contact with water, and the temperature of the exhaust gas decreases. The equivalent amount of particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas is contained on the water side. As a result, a considerable amount of particulate matter is removed from the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas which has come into contact with water contains moisture and some particulate matter, but when passing through the following secondary treatment means, the particulate matter is almost separated and removed together with the water. By passing through the filter, the particulate matter still remaining in the exhaust gas is removed. The exhaust gas arriving at the filter has a reduced temperature, is almost free of moisture, and has most of the particulate matter initially contained removed, so the filter is clogged with particulate matter. The period before the occurrence of the problem is greatly extended. Further, it becomes possible to use a filter made of a material which is weak to heat or a material which is weak to moisture. Since the exhaust pressure of the diesel engine is affected by the discharge pressure, it is not necessary to pressurize the exhaust gas specifically for the primary and secondary treatment means, and there is no heating. No need to add.

In addition, the device for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas of the present invention brings the particulate matter in exhaust gas to the water side by contacting the exhaust gas with water in a discharge passage of exhaust gas of a diesel engine. Primary treatment means provided to transfer and remove, secondary treatment means provided after the primary treatment means to separate and remove moisture and particulate matter in exhaust gas, provided after the secondary treatment means In the apparatus for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas, the primary treatment means comprises: a container-shaped body having a lower portion formed in a water tank; and an exhaust gas introduction opening in the body below the water surface of the water tank. A baffle plate provided in the main body above the water surface of the water tank, and an exhaust gas outlet provided in an upper part of the main body above the baffle plate and connected to the secondary treatment means. Characterized by (Claim 2).

[0007] In this means, the exhaust gas introduced into the main body exits from the opening below the water surface and goes to the upper exhaust gas outlet. Go to secondary processing means. Therefore, the exhaust gas comes into contact with water by exiting from the opening below the water surface. The temperature is lowered by contact with water, and a considerable amount of particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas moves from the exhaust gas to the water side and is removed. The water in the tank with the increased particulate matter should be replaced with clean water at an appropriate time. In addition, the exhaust gas heading to the exhaust gas outlet contains moisture and the remaining particulate matter, but by colliding with the baffle plate, water droplets and particulate matter gather together and are separated from the exhaust gas and flow down into the water tank. Then, the exhaust gas containing relatively little water and particulate matter goes to the secondary treatment means. After passing through the secondary treatment means, particulate matter together with water is further separated and removed from the exhaust gas. By passing through the filter, the particulate matter still remaining in the exhaust gas is removed. The exhaust gas arriving at the filter has a reduced temperature, is almost free of moisture, and has had most of the particulate matter initially contained removed, so that the filter is not affected by the particulate matter. The time before clogging is greatly extended. Also, it is possible to use a filter made of a material that is weak to heat or a material that is weak to moisture. Since the exhaust pressure of the diesel engine is affected by the discharge pressure, there is no need to pressurize the exhaust gas specifically for the primary and secondary treatment means, and there is no heating. There is no need to add energy.

[0008] In the device for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas (Claim 2), the main body is formed in a cylindrical container shape, and an exhaust gas inlet opening below the water surface in the main body is provided on an inner peripheral surface of the main body. It is preferable to be configured to be substantially tangential (claim 3). Due to the introduction of the exhaust gas, the water in the water tank swirls along the inner peripheral wall surface, and the exhaust gas is introduced into the swirling water. Is removed to the water side.

In the above-mentioned apparatus for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas (claim 2 or claim 3), the secondary treatment means is formed in a cylindrical container shape, and the exhaust gas from the primary treatment means is supplied to the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall. It is preferable that the swirl flow is introduced so as to form a swirl flow, and the swirl center of the swirl flow is sent from the upper outlet to the filter (claim 4). The exhaust gas from the primary treatment means is swirled along the peripheral wall by the secondary treatment means, and fine water droplets and particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas have a larger mass than the gas. The gas at the center of the swirl is separated by flowing downward along the peripheral wall, and is discharged from the upper outlet. The configuration in which the exhaust gas to be introduced is used as a swirling flow does not need to be made large, and can be formed so as to be installed in an existing vehicle equipped with a diesel engine.

In the apparatus for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas (Claim 4), the liquid collected at the bottom provided at the lower end of the peripheral wall of the secondary processing means is returned to the water tank of the primary processing means. It is good to constitute (claim 5). Since the water and particulate matter trapped in the secondary treatment means are returned to the water tank of the primary treatment means, the water in the water tank hardly decreases, but the particulate matter in the water gradually increases. It can be replaced with clean water at every use time.

In the apparatus for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas (claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, or claim 5), it is preferable that the filter is made of a synthetic resin. (Claim 6). Since the exhaust gas is cooled by contact with water in the primary treatment means, the filter can be used satisfactorily even if the filter is made of synthetic resin which is relatively weak to heat.

[0012]

[Embodiment of the invention]

 One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The apparatus 1 for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas includes a primary treatment unit 11, a secondary treatment unit 12, and a filter 13. As shown in FIG. 1, the primary treatment means 11 is a closed body having a bottom 21 and a lid 22 in a main body 20 formed of a metal and having a cylindrical container shape. An exhaust gas introduction pipe 27 which is formed and penetrates a lower portion of the cylindrical peripheral wall 25 and is opened below an internal water surface 26 is provided. The opening of the exhaust gas introduction pipe 27 may be provided toward the center of the cylindrical main body 20 as shown in the drawing, but in some cases, by providing the opening in the tangential direction, the water in the water tank can be swirled. Since the exhaust gas can be supplied into the moving water, the trapping effect of the particulate matter can be improved in that the opportunity of contact between the water and the exhaust gas is increased. The exhaust gas introducing pipe 27 is provided with a connecting portion 28 such that an outer end is connected to an exhaust gas outlet of a muffler of a diesel engine. In the figure, 29 is a drain plug. Also, baffle plates 30, 31, 32 are installed in a space above the water surface 26 in the main body 20. Each of the baffle plates 31, 32, and 33 is a substantially funnel-shaped one made of a metal plate, and is fixedly provided at intervals vertically and is vertically adjacent to a light slope facing each center. Through holes 33, 34, and 35 are formed at different positions so that they do not overlap with each other, and flow-down holes 36, 37, and 38 are provided at the respective centers. The lid 22 is screwed and fixed to the main body, and is provided with a delivery pipe 39 for sending exhaust gas having one end opened to the secondary processing means 12 inside the center portion. Although not shown, the lid 22 is provided with a water inlet and a stopper for closing the water inlet in an appropriate place.

The secondary processing means 12 is formed in a cylindrical container shape provided with a lid 41 on the main body 40, and the other end of the delivery pipe 39 of the primary processing means 11 is connected to a position slightly above the bottom wall 42. A guide 45 is provided near the opening so that the exhaust gas flowing out of the opening 43 forms a swirling flow along the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 44, and a funnel-shaped baffle plate 46 is provided above the internal space, and an upper side of the center hole 47. A downwardly concave hemispherical baffle plate 48 is provided so as to cover at intervals. The lid 41 closing the upper end of the main body 40 is connected to one end of an exhaust gas delivery pipe 49 toward the filter 13 at a position deviated from the center. In addition, one end of the return pipe 50 is connected to the bottom wall 42 of the main body 40 and the other end is connected to the water tank 24 of the primary processing means 11. As a result, the liquid collected at the bottom of the secondary processing means 12 returns to the water tank 24 of the primary processing means 11 naturally. Note that the secondary processing means 12 may have a configuration generally called a cyclone.

The filter 13 is installed in the filter case 51 and can be used with almost no restrictions as long as it can trap particulate matter in exhaust gas. However, the filter 13 is replaced when clogging has progressed to some extent. It should just be possible to exchange. The filter 13 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin fiber or a synthetic resin porous body, a plant or animal fiber, a metal fiber or a sintered porous body of particles, a ceramic porous body. And the like. Those that can be used for reproduction shall be removed and reproduced. The filter case 51 has a short cylinder having an end wall disposed sideways, has an inlet 52 at an axial position of one end wall, and an outlet 53 at an axial position of the other end wall. It is a container having the other end of the 12 exhaust gas delivery pipes 49 connected to the inlet 50. A baffle plate 54 is provided in the filter case 51 so as to face the inlet 50 at an interval, and a small reservoir 55 is provided below the baffle plate 54. A drain port with a cock 56 is provided at the bottom of the reservoir 55. A filter 57 is provided or connected to the inside of the main body 40 of the secondary processing means 12 via a return pipe, and the filter 13 is arranged behind the baffle plate 54 with a space therebetween. In the figure, reference numeral 58 denotes a perforated plate or mesh for supporting the filter 13, and a space 60 is provided between the perforated plate and the net 59 provided with the outlet 53. The exhaust gas that has passed through the filter 13 is discharged from the outlet 53 to the outside. Although not shown, the filter case 51 has a structure in which the filter 13 can be easily replaced.

In the device 1 configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 2, a mounting plate 61 is fixed to, for example, a lower position behind a truck bed and attached to the truck to muffle the diesel engine of the truck. The connection part 28 is connected to the outlet of the vessel and used. Although the exhaust gas discharged from the silencer contains particulate matter (solid carbon or carbon compound), it is introduced into the primary treatment means 11 to remove about 60% of the particulate matter, and the next secondary treatment is performed. The means 12 removes about 30% of the particulate matter, and the filter 13 removes most of the remaining particulate matter of about 10%. First, in the primary treatment means 11, the exhaust gas passes through the water in the water tank 24, so that most of the particulate matter is dissolved or mixed in the water and is captured, and is transferred to the water side. The exhaust gas from the water, which still contains considerable particulate matter, rises through the through holes 33, 34, 35, etc., while colliding with the baffles 30, 31, 32, and from the delivery pipe 39. Sent out. During the collision with the baffle plates 30, 31, 32 during this time, the water droplets contained in the exhaust gas collect together with the particulate matter contained therein and return to the water tank 24 through the downflow holes 36, 37, 38. Therefore, the particulate matter captured by the primary treatment means 11 accumulates in the water tank 24 together with water.

The exhaust gas that has exited the primary processing means 11 is guided to the secondary processing means 12 by a delivery pipe 39. The exhaust gas having reached the opening 43 is guided by a guide 45 to form a swirling flow along the peripheral wall 44 of the main body 40. The water droplets and the particulate matter contained in the swirled exhaust gas have a larger mass and a larger centrifugal force than the gas, so they collide with the peripheral wall 44 of the main body and collect, flow down along the peripheral wall surface, and accumulate at the bottom. Then, the collected liquid returns to the water tank 24 of the primary processing means 11 through the return pipe 50. Since there is a baffle plate 46 having a center hole 47 in the upper part of the main body 40, exhaust gas not containing much water droplets and particulate matter at the center of the swirling flow is sent out from the center hole 47, and at this time, a hemisphere The water and the particulate matter that have collided with the planar baffle plate 48 and collected here also flow downward and are separated, and the exhaust gas is sent out from the delivery pipe 49.

The exhaust gas that has exited the secondary processing means 12 is guided to a filter 13. That is, the water enters the filter case 51 from the inlet 52, collides with the baffle plate 54, and the fine water droplets and particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas collectively flow down, are received by the liquid reservoir 55, and are discharged. The water is discharged from the mouth 57 at an appropriate time by operating the cock 56, or returned to the secondary processing means 12 via a return pipe, and further returned to the water tank of the primary processing means 11. The exhaust gas flows from the periphery of the baffle plate 54 toward the filter 13, passes through the filter 13, and is discharged from the outlet 55 to the outside.

Since the water 23 in the water tank 24 of the primary treatment means 11 contains particulate matter by use, if the apparatus is used for a long period of time without exchanging water, it becomes muddy, and particles are effectively removed. It is better to replace the water with clean water at an appropriate time, because it will not be able to capture the substance. In addition, the filter 13 passes exhaust gas, which has been significantly reduced in particulate matter processed by the primary processing means 11 and the secondary processing means 12, so that the time required for replacement due to clogging is greatly reduced. Is done. Further, the temperature of the exhaust gas decreases because the primary treatment unit 11 brings the exhaust gas into contact with water. Therefore, even if the filter 13 has a weak point to heat to some extent, the filter 13 has a good filtering performance and can be obtained at a much lower cost than a ceramic material. It is possible to use those made of plant fibers. Further, since the exhaust gas reaching the filter 13 contains almost no water, a material such as paper which is somewhat vulnerable to water can be used. Of course, conventional ceramic filters can be used, but cost and regeneration costs must be considered.

For this reason, the device 1 requires replacement of the water in the aquarium and replacement of the filter, but does not require a separate energy source for operation, and the filter can be made of many types at low cost. Since it is possible to select and use those that can be obtained from those that can be obtained, and even those that cannot be recycled, the effective use period is extended, so that costs and labor for replacement can be reduced. Therefore, it is highly practical.

[0020]

[Effect of the invention]

 The invention according to claim 1 extends the time until the filter becomes clogged, enables the use of a filter that is weak to heat or moisture, and does not require new energy. This has the effect of reducing maintenance costs compared to equipment. The invention according to claim 2 is an exhaust gas containing a relatively small amount of water by effectively removing the heat of the exhaust gas and a considerable amount of the contained particulate matter while the primary treatment means has a relatively simple configuration. Since it is delivered as gas, the amount of water in the tank is reduced little, the tank can be made smaller, the time required for the filter to become clogged is extended, and even filters that are sensitive to heat or moisture can be used. Since it does not require energy, maintenance costs can be reduced compared to conventional equipment, and it is easy to install it on existing diesel engine-equipped vehicles. The invention according to claim 3 has an effect that the chance of contact with the exhaust gas and water is increased and more particulate matter is removed to the water side by the primary treatment means. The invention according to claim 4 has an effect that it can be formed to be installed on an existing vehicle equipped with a diesel engine. The invention according to claim 5 has an effect that it is not necessary to replenish water to the water tank of the primary treatment means. According to the present invention, since a filter made of a synthetic resin, which is less expensive than a heat-resistant ceramic or the like, is used, the effect of reducing the maintenance cost can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional side view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing a state where the embodiment is used for a truck.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Particulate matter removal apparatus 11 Primary processing means 12 Secondary processing means 13 Filter 20 Main body (of primary processing means) 21 Bottom 22 Lid 23 Water 24 Water tank 25 Peripheral wall 26 Water surface 27 Exhaust gas introduction pipe 28 Connection part 30-32 Baffle plate 33- 35 Through-hole 36-38 Downflow hole 39 Delivery pipe 40 Main body (of secondary processing means) 41 Cover 42 Bottom wall 43 Opening 44 Peripheral wall 45 Guide 46 Baffle plate 47 Center hole 48 Baffle plate 49 Exhaust gas delivery pipe 50 Return pipe 51 Filter case 52 Inlet 53 Outlet 54 Baffle plate 55 Reservoir 56 Cock 57 Drain port 58 Perforated plate 59 Wall surface 60 Space 61 Mounting plate

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI B01D 50/00 501 B01D 50/00 501P 501J

Claims (6)

[Utility model registration claims] 1. A primary treatment means provided in an exhaust passage of an exhaust gas of a diesel engine so as to transfer the particulate matter in the exhaust gas to a water side to remove the particulate matter in the exhaust gas by contacting the exhaust gas with water. Particles in the exhaust gas, comprising: a secondary treatment unit provided at a subsequent stage of the treatment unit for separating and removing moisture and particulate matter in the exhaust gas; and a filter provided at a stage subsequent to the secondary treatment unit. Substance removal device. 2. A primary treatment means provided in a discharge passage of exhaust gas of a diesel engine, wherein the primary treatment means is provided so that the exhaust gas is brought into contact with water to transfer and remove particulate matter in the exhaust gas to a water side. In a device for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas comprising a secondary treatment unit provided at the subsequent stage of the treatment unit for separating and removing water and particulate matter in the exhaust gas, and a filter provided at a stage subsequent to the secondary treatment unit Wherein the primary treatment means is provided in a container-shaped body having a lower part formed in a water tank, an exhaust gas introduction portion opened below the water surface of the water tank in the body, and in the main body above the water surface of the water tank. An apparatus for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas, comprising: a baffle plate; and an exhaust gas outlet provided at an upper portion of the main body above the baffle plate and connected to the secondary processing means. 3. The device for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas according to claim 2, wherein the main body is formed in a cylindrical container shape, and an exhaust gas inlet opening below the water surface in the main body is provided.
An apparatus for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas, wherein the apparatus is directed substantially tangentially to a peripheral surface of the body. 4. The apparatus for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the secondary processing means is formed in a cylindrical container shape, and the exhaust gas from the primary processing means is transferred to the inner periphery of the peripheral wall. A device for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas, wherein the device is configured to introduce a swirling flow along a surface, and to send a swirling center of the swirling flow from an upper outlet to the filter. 5. The apparatus for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas according to claim 4, wherein a liquid remaining at a bottom provided at a lower end of said peripheral wall of said secondary processing means is returned to said water tank of said primary processing means. An apparatus for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas, characterized in that: 6. The apparatus for removing particulate matter in exhaust gas according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein the filter is made of a synthetic resin. For removing particulate matter from exhaust gas.