JP3053859B2 - Image forming device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an image in which process means such as a charging charger, a developing device, a transfer charger and a cleaning device are provided in a plurality of units around an image carrier. The present invention relates to a forming apparatus.

[Conventional technology]

In a conventional image forming apparatus, process means such as a charging charger and a developing device are divided and formed into a plurality of process units.These process units are adapted to the shape and layout of the main body of the image forming apparatus and satisfy respective functions. Had a complicated shape. These process units are usually mounted in a fixed state, and as for the process unit to move, for example, as disclosed in JP-A-60-140264, these process units are attached and detached. It is fixedly mounted at a predetermined position in a slightly movable state. Also, the mounting position of the process unit to the photoconductor follows the layout,
It is designed to be mounted at a predetermined position.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

By the way, in the above-mentioned prior art, since the attachment position of the unit to the attachment main body is fixed, the attachment and detachment work is complicated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art as described above. The purpose of the present invention is to simplify the maintenance and replacement work, to allow each process means to be mounted without error after the replacement work, and to set the non-removable position. An object of the present invention is to provide an image forming apparatus in which toner does not scatter from a unit.

[Means for solving the problem]

The object is to provide an image carrier, a plurality of process units disposed around the image carrier, and a part or all of the plurality of process units that can be detachably attached to the image carrier. A housing for integrally supporting, a rotation supporting means for supporting the housing and the image carrier so as to be integrally rotatable, and interlocking the rotation to move the housing relative to the image carrier. An image forming apparatus comprising: a moving support unit that supports the housing so as to be movable in a direction in which the housing is moved toward and away from the image carrier. This is achieved by adopting a configuration in which the control is performed.

[Action]

By the means, the housing moves in a direction away from the image carrier in association with the rotation of the housing that accommodates the process means and is rotatable integrally with the image carrier, and only at the attaching / detaching position of the housing,
The state is separated from the image carrier. For this reason, the unit is separated from the photoconductor only at the attachment / detachment position, and the unit located at a position other than the attachment / detachment position is suppressed. Since the unit is pressed against the photoconductor, the gap is minimally separated from the photoconductor and toner is not scattered. ,
It is possible to prevent the periphery of the photoconductor from being stained.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the configuration of an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in these figures, a contact glass 2 is disposed on the upper surface of a case C of the apparatus main body, and an original O to be subjected to image formation is placed on the contact glass 2.
A scanning unit S is provided in an upper part of the case C. The scanning unit S includes a scanning optical system 5 including a light source 3 for illuminating a document and a mirror 4 and a scanning optical system 8 including mirrors 6 and 7. And
When a print switch (not shown) is pressed, the scanning optical systems 5 and 8 are pressed.
Move in the directions of the arrows, and scanning of the original O is performed. The scanning section S is provided with a lens 9 and an image reading element 10. The image of the original O read by the scanning optical systems 5 and 8 is read by the image reading element 10 as an image signal, digitized, and described later. Image processing.

In the case C, an image forming unit D is provided below the scanning unit S. The image forming unit D includes a laser diode L, a driving plate 12, a polygon mirror 13 and a mirror 14,
Photoreceptor belt 1, developing device 16, cleaning device 23, charging charger 15, transfer charger 18, separation charger
19, a transport belt 21 and a fixing roller 22 are provided. Reference numeral 17 denotes a paper supply unit. Transfer paper is stored in the paper supply unit 17 and is conveyed between the photosensitive belt 1 and the transfer charger 18 one by one by a conveyance roller. Then, as described above, the image reading element 10
Is applied to the driving plate 12, and a laser beam is emitted from the laser diode L in accordance with the application of the signal. The laser beam is reflected by the polygon mirror 13 and the mirror 14 to expose the photosensitive belt 1. Reach the part.

By this laser light, an electrostatic latent image is formed on the surface of the photoreceptor belt 1 which has been uniformly charged in advance by the charging charger 15, and this electrostatic latent image is formed into a visible image by toner of the developing device 16. Be transformed into The obtained visible image is transferred to the transfer paper sent from the paper feeding unit 17 by corona discharge of the transfer charger 18 at the exposed portion of the photoreceptor belt 1, and the transfer paper after transfer is transferred to the photoreceptor by the separation charger 19. It is separated from the surface of the belt 1. The transfer paper separated in this way is
The sheet is fed to the fixing roller 22 by the transport belt 21 and is
As a result, the transfer image is fixed, and the transfer paper on which the image formation is completed is discharged out of the case C. On the other hand, the toner remaining on the surface of the photoreceptor belt 1 after the transfer operation is removed by the cleaning device 23.

In this embodiment, the image forming process means such as the developing device 16 and the cleaning device 23 disposed around the photoreceptor belt 1 are divided into two units. It is configured so that it can be attached to and detached from, and can rotate integrally with the photoreceptor belt 1. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, the photoreceptor belt 1 is inserted through a substantially semicircular mounting opening 25 formed on the side surface of the case C.
The unit is configured to be able to be rotated together with the unit and removed one by one, or the units subjected to maintenance and replacement can be mounted one by one from the mounting opening 25 to the apparatus main body. Further, since the photoreceptor belt 1 disposed between the units is exposed at the photoreceptor and the transfer section, it is not necessary to provide an opening for image formation in the unit.

FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are explanatory views showing the operation state of the configuration of the main part of the first embodiment.
A photoreceptor belt 1 which is an image carrier made of, for example, an organic photoreceptor (OPC) is stretched between the photoreceptors 01, and the photoreceptor is rotated by clockwise rotation of rollers 100 and 101 as shown in the figure. The body belt 1 is adapted to move as shown by the arrow in the figure. A first unit U1 and a second unit U2 are provided in close proximity to the flat portions 1a and 1b between the rollers 100 and 101 of the photoreceptor belt 1, and a first unit U1 and a second unit U2 are provided. And have the same cross-sectional shape. Therefore,
The photoreceptor belt 1 is exposed at rollers 100 and 101 serving as support means, and the exposed portions serve as a photosensitive portion and a transfer portion of a document image. The photoreceptor belt 1, the first unit U1, and the second unit U2 are integrally rotatable about a rotation axis R1.

The first unit U1 has a configuration in which the developing device 16 is accommodated and supported in a housing 102, and the toner tank 16 of the developing device 16 is provided.
An opening 167a is formed in 7, and a developing roller 160 is rotatably mounted with a part of the peripheral surface facing the opening 167a. An agitator 162 is provided in contact with the developing roller 160, a developing blade 161 is provided in contact with the developing roller 160 in the vicinity of the agitator 162, and a charge removing brush 163 is provided in the vicinity of the opening 167a. The toner tank 167 is filled with toner.

In this developing device 16, the rotation of the agitator 162 causes
The toner in the toner tank 167 is sent to the vicinity of the developing blade 161, and a constant thickness toner layer is formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 160 by the developing blade 161. This toner is supplied to the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive belt 1 in contact with the developing roller 160 by the rotation of the developing roller 160, and the photosensitive belt 1
A visible image is formed.

The toner tank 167 of the developing device 16 is rotatable about a positioning pin 164, and
A spring 159 is stretched between the hook portion 167b of the free end of the toner tank 167 and the free end of the toner tank 167.
The toner tank 167 is urged counterclockwise around the positioning pin 164, that is, in a direction in which the developing roller 160 is separated from the photosensitive belt 1. In the image forming state, the cam 165 presses the toner tank 167 against the photoreceptor belt 1 against the spring force of the spring 159, and the free end of the toner tank 167 stops the stopper 102a of the housing 102.
The developing roller 160 presses the flat portion 1a of the photoreceptor belt 1 with a predetermined pressure and is in contact therewith.

The second unit U2 has a cleaning device 2 in the housing 103.
3. The charging tank 15 and the eraser 24 are housed and supported, and the collection tank 23 of the cleaning device 23
6 is provided with a cleaning blade 230 at a position facing the flat portion 1b of the photoreceptor belt 1. A fur brush 231 is rotatably disposed in the vicinity of the cleaning blade 230.
The flicker bar 234 formed integrally with the plate 36 is disposed so as to be in contact with the flicker bar 234. In the vicinity of the flicker bar 234, a toner collection rod 232 is provided facing the inside of the case 236.
33 are provided. A fullness detection sensor 239 is mounted in the collection tank 236, and the charging charger 15 and the eraser 24 are supported and fixed to a surface of the collection tank 236 facing the flat portion 1b of the photosensitive belt 1.

The collection tank 236 is rotatable about a positioning pin 235, and a spring 237 is stretched between a hook 158 of the housing 103 and a hook 236a at the free end of the collection tank 236. In the image forming operation state, the recovery tank 236 is pressed against the photoreceptor belt 1 by the cam 238 against the spring force of the spring 237, and the free end of the recovery tank 236 abuts on the stopper piece 103a of the housing 103. Is positioned in contact with
The cleaning blade 230 and the fur brush 231 are in contact with each other by pressing the flat portion 1b of the photoreceptor belt 1 with a predetermined pressure.

In the cleaning device 23, the residual toner on the photosensitive belt 1 is scraped off by the fur brush 231, and the scraped residual toner is beaten off by the flicker bar 234 from the fur brush 231. Residual toner that cannot be scraped off by the fur brush 231 is peeled off by the cleaning blade 230. The residual toner scraped off in this manner is collected in the collection tank 236 by the toner collection rod 232 and the toner peeling plate 233. And when the residual toner collected in this way fills the collection tank 236,
The fullness detection sensor 239 issues a detection signal.

The charging charger 15 charges the photosensitive belt 1 after cleaning, and the eraser 24 erases unnecessary portions so as to form an electrostatic latent image only in a required image area.
The reflected light from the mirror 14 is made incident on the photosensitive belt 1 at the roller 101 to form a latent image.

In this way, the electrostatic latent image is formed on the photosensitive belt 1 by the developing device 16, the cleaning device 23, the charging charger 15, and the eraser 24, but the toner in the toner tank 167 is exhausted and the toner is exhausted. In this case, a sensor (not shown) detects this and informs the user of toner end information. Also, when the waste toner is full in the collection tank 236, as described above, the full detection sensor 239 is used.
Detects this and informs the user that it is full.

The maintenance exchange of the first unit U1 or the second unit U2 is performed based on this information. When the maintenance exchange is performed, when an exchange switch (not shown) on the operation panel is pressed,
Photoreceptor belt 1, first unit U1, and second unit
U2 rotates around the rotation axis R1, and the unit to be replaced rotates to the position of the mounting opening 25. So cam 165 or cam 2
When the lock is removed by rotating the lock 38, the support and fixing of the toner tank 167 to the housing 102 are released as shown in FIG. 4, or the support and fixation of the recovery tank 236 to the housing 103 is released. Tank 236 is spring 15
9 and 237, the toner container 167 or the collection tank 236 is rotated in a direction away from the photoreceptor belt
Can be taken from

Then, the toner tank 167 or the collection tank 236, for which the maintenance and replacement work has been completed, is inserted into the case C through the mounting opening 25, and the mounting is completed by locking with the cam 165 or the cam 238. At this time, the first unit U1 and the second unit U2 can be attached to either side of the flat portions 1a and 1b with respect to the image carrier.
Either 0 or 101 can form a latent image. Further, in the first embodiment, since it is not necessary to provide the housings 102 and 103 with openings for exposing and transferring the image of the original to the photoreceptor belt 1, the structure is simplified and the developing device 16
The detachment and reattachment of the toner tank 167 or the recovery tank 236 of the cleaning device 23 at the time of maintenance replacement work is also facilitated.

FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are explanatory views showing the operating state of the configuration of the main part of the second embodiment, in which a one-sheet shutter 168 is provided concentrically on a developing roller 160 of the developing device 16 and a torsion coil is provided. A spring 169 is concentrically mounted on the shaft of the developing roller 160. One end of the torsion coil spring 169 is connected to the toner tank 1
67, the other end is engaged with the shutter 168, the fifth
In the locked state by the cam 165 shown in the drawing, that is, in the image forming operation state, the shutter 168 is urged in a direction to open the opening 167a of the toner tank 167 by the spring force of the torsion coil spring 169. Similarly, a torsion coil spring 241 is provided near the toner peeling plate 233 of the cleaning device 23, and one end of the torsion coil spring 241 is engaged with the recovery tank 236, and the other end rotates about the axis of the torsion coil spring 241. It is engaged with a possible two-piece shutter 240. This Shutter 240,
It is urged in the opening direction by the torsion coil spring 241.

In the second embodiment, when the lock is released by rotating the cam 165, as shown in FIG.
Rotates in the direction away from the flat portion 1a of the photoreceptor belt 1, and at the same time, the shutter 168 moves to a position to close the opening 167a by the spring force of the torsion coil spring 169. The rotation of the shutter 168 may be performed by transmitting the rotational power of the toner tank 167 via a gear mechanism. Thus, the developing device 16
When the toner tank 167 is taken out, the toner does not leak from the opening 167a and does not stain the operator's body or the room when the toner tank 167 is taken out. Similarly, when the cam 238 is rotated to remove the lock, the collection tank 236 is rotated, and the shutter 240 closes the opening of the collection tank 236 by the spring force of the torsion coil spring 241 to the outside of the discharged toner. To prevent leaks.

Also in the second embodiment, the first unit U1 and the second unit U1
Since U2 has the same cross-sectional shape, these units U1 and U2 are connected to any of the planar portions of the photosensitive belt 1.
It can be attached to 1a and 1b.

In the above embodiment, the first unit U1
The second unit U2 and the second unit U2 are separated from the photoreceptor belt 1, but only the unit corresponding to the mounting opening 25 may be separated. FIGS. 7 and 8 are explanatory views showing this state. FIG. 7 shows the first unit U1 located at the opening 25 and only the first unit U1 is separated from the photoreceptor belt 1, and FIG. 8 shows the second unit U2 located at the opening 25. Only the second unit U2 is separated from the photosensitive belt 1.

The configuration, operation and effect of the other parts of the embodiment of FIGS. 7 and 8 are the same as those of the first or second embodiment already described.

FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are explanatory views showing the operating state of the configuration of the main part of the third embodiment. The housing 102 of the first unit U1 for housing and supporting the toner tank 167 is The torsion roller spring 201 is concentrically attached to the shaft of the roller 101, and receives a spring force in a direction away from the flat portion 1a of the photoreceptor belt 1 by a cam. The developing roller 160 is held at a position where the developing roller 160 is pressed against the flat portion 1a against the spring force of the torsion coil spring 168 by 165. Similarly, the casing 103 of the second unit U2 that accommodates and supports the collection tank 236 is rotatably supported with the same axis as the roller 100, and is twisted concentrically attached to the axis of the roller 100. The cleaning spring 230 receives a spring force in a direction away from the flat portion 1b of the photoreceptor belt 1 by the coil spring 202 and resists the spring force of the torsion coil spring 202 by the cam 238.
And the brush 231 are held at the position where the brushes 231 are pressed against each other.

In the third embodiment, when the cam 165 is rotated to release the lock, the housing 102 containing the toner tank 167 is moved from the flat portion 1a by the spring force of the torsion coil spring 201 as shown in FIG. Pivots away from the mounting opening 25
The toner tank 167 can be removed from the printer. Similarly, when the lock is removed by rotating the cam 238, the housing 103 containing the recovery tank 236 rotates in a direction away from the belt surface by the spring force of the torsion coil spring 202, and is recovered from the mounting opening 25. The tank 236 can be taken out, and the first unit U1, the second unit U2, and the photoreceptor belt 1 are rotated together as described above to rotate the first unit U1 or the second unit U1. U2
A desired unit can be taken out by locating the developing unit 16 in the mounting opening 25, and the developing device 16 or the cleaning device 23 can be fitted and mounted in each of the housings 102 and 103. Also in the third embodiment, the supporting portions of the rollers 100 and 101 of the photoreceptor belt 1 are exposed so as to be sandwiched between the units, and the photosensitive area is transferred at the exposed portions.

The configuration, operation and effect of the other parts of the third embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment already described.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing the fourth embodiment. FIG. 11 shows a configuration in which the eraser 24 is not mounted on the recovery tank 236, but is mounted outside the first unit U1 and the second unit U2. . FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a fifth embodiment. FIG. 12 shows a structure in which the charging charger 15 and the eraser 24 are mounted outside the first unit U1 and the second unit U2, and the cleaning is performed. Blade 230 and fur brush 2
31 is arranged near the free end of the collection tank 236 away from the developing roller 160. In the fourth and fifth embodiments, the eraser 24 or the charging charger 15 and the eraser 24 are used.
The transfer charger 18 is disposed outside the rotation circumference of the image carrier, the first unit U1, and the second unit U2, so that rotation during maintenance replacement or mounting is performed without any trouble. .

The configuration, operation and effect of the other parts of the fourth and fifth embodiments are the same as those of the first embodiment already described.

Next, a sixth embodiment corresponding to claim 1 will be described.

FIGS. 13 to 15 are explanatory views showing the operation state of the sixth embodiment, in which a first unit U1 for housing and supporting a toner tank 167, a second unit U2 for housing and supporting a recovery tank 236, and a photosensitive unit. The body belt 1 is configured to be rotatable counterclockwise about the rotation axis R1. Further, the housing 102 of the first unit U1 that houses and supports the toner tank 167 is
The roller 101 is rotatably supported on the same axis as the roller 101, and receives a spring force in a direction away from the flat portion 1a of the photoreceptor belt 1 by a torsion coil spring 201 attached to the shaft of the roller 101. Coil spring 201 twisted by roller 301
The developing roller 160 is held at a position where the developing roller 160 is pressed against the flat portion 1a against the above-mentioned spring force. Similarly, the housing 103 of the second unit U2 that houses and supports the collection tank 236 is rotatably supported with the same axis as the roller 100, and is supported by the torsion coil spring 202 attached to the shaft of the roller 100. The spring belt 202 receives a spring force in a direction away from the flat portion 1b of the photoreceptor belt 1, and is provided with a torsion coil spring 202 by a pressing roller 302.
The cleaning blade 230 and the fur brush 231 are held at a position where the cleaning blade 230 and the fur brush 231 press against the belt surface of the flat portion 1b against the spring force of. As described above, the photoreceptor belt 1 and the housings 101 and 102 (and the first unit U1 and the second unit U
2) is supported so as to be integrally rotatable (rotatable) about a rotation axis R1 by a rotation support means (not shown).

Furthermore, the housing 102 and the housing 103 are set so that the distance from the rotation axis R1 becomes gradually smaller toward the latter half of the rotation in the counterclockwise direction, that is, the free ends of the housings 102 and 103.

In FIG. 13, blocking rollers 303 and 304 are provided at a position approximately 45 ° from the roller 101. The blocking rollers 303 and 304 are mounted on the apparatus body side and
It does not rotate around R1.

The moving support means is the shaft of rollers 101 and 100,
301, 302, blocking rollers 303, 304, torsion coil springs 201, 2
02.

Note that the same components as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

 The operation of the sixth embodiment will now be described.

When the first housing 102, the second housing 103, and the photoreceptor belt 1 are integrally rotated counterclockwise from the state shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 14, while reaching the free end of the second housing 103 and thus being pressed against the pressing roller 302, the second housing 103
Begins to open. In this state, the first housing 102 also tries to open, but the opening movement is prevented by the blocking roller 303. As the rotation further proceeds, as shown in FIG. 15, the second housing 103 is released from the contact with the pressing roller 302 and is fully opened, while the first housing 102 follows the blocking roller 303. Since it is in contact with the blocking roller 304, the closed state is maintained. The second housing 103 is a horizontal portion 1b of the photoreceptor belt 1.
The shutter 240 moves so as to close the opening 236a as the distance from the opening increases, and the opening 236a is completely closed in the position shown in FIG. As described above, since the housing 102 does not separate from the photoreceptor belt 1, the shutter 168 remains open.

Thus, according to the sixth embodiment, the mounting opening 25
The opening of the second housing 103 moved to face the position (in this embodiment, formed at a position shifted by 90 ° from the position of FIG. 2) is closed with a shutter, and the second housing 1 is closed.
03 is set in a state in which only the process unit accommodated and supported by maintenance can be replaced, and the housing (No.
In FIG. 15, a process unit housed in the housing 103) is taken out. A shutter is closed in the opening 236a.
In addition, since the opening 236a is located on the upper surface side, there is no possibility that toner leaks and stains the operator's body or room. on the other hand,
The toner does not scatter from the housing 102 that is not located at the mounting opening 25.

In the embodiment configured as described above, when the process units are attached / detached, the process units are rotated / separated to positions different from those at the time of image formation, thereby facilitating the attaching / detaching work of each process unit.

Further, by making the plurality of process units have the same shape and fixing the attachment / detachment position, it is not necessary to confirm the attachment position of each unit. Further, since the mounting position of each unit is not limited, it is possible to prevent mistakes such as mounting another unit at a position where the unit should be mounted.

By making each of the process means having a short exchange life and a long exchange life separate units, it becomes possible to make the exchange time of each unit different.

In addition, since the process unit is separated from the photoconductor only at the attachment / detachment position, it is possible to prevent the unit other than the attachment / detachment position from coming off the photoconductor and scattering toner, thereby contaminating the periphery of the photoconductor.

In any of the embodiments, when a new developing device or a new cleaning device is inserted, an automatic forming rotation for adjusting to the photosensitive belt is performed.

Further, in the embodiment, the system in which the shutter gradually closes the opening as the housing moves away from the horizontal portion of the photoreceptor belt has been described, but as soon as the housing moves away from the horizontal portion of the photoreceptor belt, the shutter closes the opening. It is also possible to

As described above, in the above-described embodiment, the process unit accommodated in the first unit U1 or the second unit U2 is taken out of the housing C without leakage of the toner by a simple operation without the trouble of attaching and detaching the operator. A maintenance exchange operation can be performed on the process means, and the process means can be remounted in the housing. At this time, since there is no restriction on the order of taking out the process means accommodated in each unit, the order of mounting and the position of the process means, maintenance and replacement of the process means in the image forming apparatus can be performed very simply and quickly.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, since a plurality of process means are divided into two units which are rotatable and detachable integrally with the image carrier, each process means can be rotated by a simple rotation operation. Maintenance replacement can be performed quickly and without error.

Further, there is no possibility that the toner scatters from the unit at the non-removable position, and it is possible to prevent the periphery of the photoconductor from being stained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 15 are diagrams for explaining an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the overall configuration of an image forming apparatus according to the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the image forming apparatus according to the embodiment. Perspective view, third
FIG. 4 and FIG. 4 are explanatory views showing the operation state of the first embodiment.
5 to 8 are explanatory diagrams showing the operation state of the second embodiment, FIGS. 9 and 10 are explanatory diagrams of the third embodiment, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the fourth embodiment. FIGS. 12 and 13 are explanatory views showing the fifth embodiment, and FIGS. 13 to 15 are explanatory views showing the operation state of the sixth embodiment. S: Scanning unit, C: Case, 1: Photoreceptor belt, 15
... Charging charger, 16 ... Developing device, 23 ... Cleaning device.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takashi Ishijima 1-3-6 Nakamagome, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Ricoh Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-62-35383 (JP, A) JP-A Sho 62-31865 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G03G 15/00 550 G03G 21/16-21/18

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An image carrier; a plurality of process means disposed around the image carrier; and a part or all of the plurality of process means detachable from the image carrier. A housing that integrally supports the image carrier; a rotating support unit that integrally and rotatably supports the housing and the image carrier; and interlocking the rotation with the image carrier. An image forming apparatus comprising: a moving support unit that supports the housing so as to be movable in a direction in which the housing is moved toward and away from the image carrier. An image forming apparatus, wherein the image forming apparatus is separated.