JP3052348U - Sterilization filtration device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] When raw water is filtered into drinking water, a gas containing oxygen molecules O ₂ is irradiated with ultraviolet rays having different wavelengths to generate active oxygen, and this oxidizing power causes pathogenic bacteria and pathogens. Sterilizes viruses and the like. [Constitution] Oxygen atoms O and ozone O generated by adding ultraviolet rays having different wavelengths to a gas containing oxygen molecules O _2
3 , singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ , superoxide O
₂ ^-, the hydroxyl radical OH as bubbles, released from the bottom of the filtration agent straining the raw water, and carrying out the oxidation sterilization with hydroxyl radicals OH, etc. pathogens or pathogenic viruses to pass through the said filter medium.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

[Technical field to which the invention belongs]

 The present invention relates to a sterilizing and filtering device for killing pathogenic bacteria and viruses in water.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Humans have long been fighting pathogens. At one point, the emergence of antibiotics seemed to make it possible for humans to destroy pathogens, but pathogens have emerged that are resistant to antibiotics. It became clear that antibiotics, which were considered as panacea, also had their limitations. Because antibiotics have their limitations and it is impossible to completely eradicate pathogens and viruses from the earth, all that humans can do is to keep them free from pathogens and viruses. These pathogens and viruses enter humans through a variety of routes, most of which are transmitted from water and food that humans consume every day. Therefore, tap water is sterilized by chlorine, boiled or baked by cooking, and sterilized by applying heat.

[0003] If pathogenic bacteria and pathogenic viruses can be killed only by such a simple method, humans are rarely infected. However, when chlorine is used, side effects such as the generation of trihalomethane become apparent, and some pathogens are resistant to chlorine. Some bacteria do not die when boiled or baked. The use of powerful drugs to kill these bacteria completely can leave people worried about the harmful consequences of those who use them every day.

[0004] A method of irradiating ultraviolet rays to sterilize drinking water without using a medicine has been developed and provided on the market. This method, which utilizes ultraviolet light, is safe because it does not use drugs and has no side effects. Ultraviolet light to be irradiated for sterilization mainly uses a wavelength of 254 nm. Since ultraviolet light of this wavelength is an absorption wavelength of DNA of pathogenic bacteria, it is an effective method for killing pathogenic bacteria.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

 However, it takes a long time to sterilize pathogenic bacteria by irradiating with 254 nm ultraviolet rays, and it is difficult to realize a large-sized sterilizing apparatus for drinking water. This method of simply irradiating ultraviolet light cannot be a complete sterilization tool.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 184 nm are irradiated to split the oxygen molecules O ₂ to generate oxygen atoms O, and the atomic oxygen O is formed by bonding with the oxygen molecules O _2. The irradiated ozone O ₃ is irradiated with ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 254 nm to be decomposed to generate singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ , and these oxygen atoms, ozone O ₃ , singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ , singlet contacting said filtering material gas containing pathogens like is released as bubbles from the bottom of the filter medium straining the raw water inhabiting ^- section of free oxygen ¹ O ₂ between super is generated by combining oxide O ₂ The remaining ozone O ₃ contained in the air bubbles and dissolved in water is decomposed by irradiating ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 250 to 310 nm.

[0007]

[Embodiment of the invention]

Before describing the embodiments, a brief explanation will be given on the relationship between ultraviolet rays and oxygen. Oxygen molecules O ₂ present in the atmosphere have higher activity than other nitrogen molecules N ₂ and hydrogen molecules H _2, and more easily combine with other substances to form oxides than these molecules. Despite this, it is still relatively stable in the atmosphere. Even with the same oxygen, the oxygen atom O becomes more active than the oxygen molecule O ₂ , and immediately oxidizes other substances. As is well known, oxygen has eight electrons, each of which orbit. The energy that oxygen has depends on the orbit of the electron. In other words, even though the oxygen is the same, there is a difference in the energy possessed by the oxygen depending on whether it is the oxygen molecule O ₂ , the oxygen atom O, or the orbit of the electron, and the degree of activity is different.

[0008] There is a problem that the ozone layer that cuts ultraviolet rays is destroyed by the chlorofluorocarbon gas, and the ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the ground to increase cancer. The ultraviolet light contained in the sunlight splits the oxygen molecules O ₂ to form oxygen atoms O, and the oxygen atoms O combine with the oxygen molecules O ₂ to generate ozone O ₃ . Research based on this hint has revealed that oxygen (O ₂ , O, O ₃ O ₂ ⁻ ) can be energized and activated by irradiating various ultraviolet rays with different wavelengths. Thus, this sterilizing filtration device has been developed utilizing this.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the sterilizing filtration device shown in FIG. 1 will be described. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a sterilizing and filtering apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The sterilizing and filtering apparatus 1 is provided with a water intake 16 for taking in raw water, a filtering material 12 for straining raw water, and a drain 10 for discharging sterilized filtered water as a water path.

[0010] As an activated oxygen path for killing pathogenic bacteria and pathogenic viruses, an air pump AP for taking in air from the atmosphere, an irradiation chamber 3 having a built-in ultraviolet lamp 4, and the activated oxygen are sterilized. The filter 1 includes a diffuser plate 7 that emits fine bubbles as fine bubbles. Further, two ultraviolet lamps 15 for decomposing ozone O ₃ are provided on the upper lid of the sterilizing and filtering apparatus 1 so that residual ozone does not leak outside.

The operation of the sterilizing and filtering apparatus 1 configured as described above will be described in detail. When the valve 17 is opened, raw water is taken into the sterilizing and filtering apparatus 1 from the water intake 16. The taken-in raw water hits the dispersion plate 13, where it is dispersed and becomes uniform and permeates the filter medium 12. Ammonia is decomposed by the raw water taken in hitting the dispersion plate 13 like a waterfall. As the filter material 12, there may be used activated carbon for adsorbing barley stone and organic matter, iron removing agent, manganese removing agent, anthracite for removing SS, shellfish and shell fossils dissolved in water that passes calcium as minerals. I have. When the raw water passes, large substances such as dirt and pathogenic bacteria cannot pass through the filter medium 12. Organic substances dissolved in raw water are also mostly adsorbed by anthracite and activated carbon. However, very small things, such as viruses, can pass here.

On the other hand, after the ultraviolet lamp 4 incorporated in the irradiation chamber 3 is turned on, the operation of the air pump AP is started, and when the valve 5 is opened, the air in the atmosphere flows from the air inlet 6 into the irradiation chamber 3. Sent. Where oxygen molecules O in the atmosphere_Two Is irradiated with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 180 to 260 nm. Oxygen molecule O_Two When ultraviolet light having a wavelength of about 184 nm is irradiated, a part of the light is split into oxygen atoms O. This oxygen atom O is a neighboring oxygen molecule O _Two Combined with ozone O_Three And this ozone O_Three When irradiated with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of about 254 nm, a part thereof is decomposed to give singlet free oxygen.¹ O_Two Becomes This singlet free oxygen¹ O_Two Has a very high activity and an energy of 22.5 Kcal / mol. This singlet free oxygen¹ O_Two Is a superoxide O in gas_Two ^-And when it comes into contact with water, becomes a hydroxyl radical OH. Therefore, the gas sent through the pipe 6 to the diffuser plate 7 provided with a myriad of fine holes provided at the bottom of the sterilizing and filtering apparatus 1 contains oxygen molecules O._Two , Oxygen atom O, ozone O_Three , Singlet free oxygen¹ O_Two And superoxide O_Two ^-Is included.

As described above, bubbles released from the diffuser plate 7 having innumerable fine holes include oxygen molecules O ₂ , oxygen atoms O, ozone O ₃ , singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ and super Oxide O ₂ ^- is contained, of which singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ has high activity. When singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ comes in contact with water, it reacts with the water to form hydroxyradical OH. Hydroxy radical OH has a very high activity and instantly deprives nearby organic matter of hydrogen H to become stable water. Pathogenic bacteria and viruses are also organic substances, and are killed by the oxidative action of hydroxyl radical OH depriving hydrogen H. Even though the virus is no matter how small, it does not pass through the filter medium 12 like water, but rather passes through the filter medium 12 while being caught by the ticks, and the passing speed is lower than that of water. During this time, it should come into contact with air bubbles containing singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ floating from below the sterilizing filtration device 1, which are affected by the oxidizing action of the hydroxyl radical OH formed by reacting with water, They will be killed.

The bubbles released from the diffuser plate 7 contain ozone O_Three Contains ozone O _Three Is adsorbed on the filter material 12, for example, activated carbon. Ozone O adsorbed on the filter medium 12_Three Cannot exist for a long time as it is, and releases oxygen atoms O to release oxygen atoms O_Two Try to return to Organic materials contained in the raw water are also adsorbed on the filter medium 12, and ozone O_Three The oxygen atoms O released from the oxidizing agent oxidize the organic matter adsorbed on the filter medium 12. If pathogenic bacteria or viruses are attached here, they will be killed by this oxidizing effect. Ozone O_Three Some of the oxygen atoms O released from the reaction with water react with hydrogen peroxide H_Two O_Two Generate Hydrogen peroxide H_Two O_Two Also release oxygen atoms O and try to return to water. The oxygen atoms O released at this time oxidize and sterilize pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Superoxide O_Two ^-Is the oxygen molecule O_Two Is in a state where one electron is deficient._Two Try to be. Surrounding objects are deprived of electrons, and here too, oxidative action occurs, killing viruses and pathogens. Superoxide O_Two ^-Reacts with water to form hydrogen peroxide H_Two O_Two Which also releases oxygen atoms to produce water H_Two Try to return to O. Hydrogen peroxide H_Two O_Two The oxygen O released from the soil also oxidizes and kills nearby pathogenic bacteria and viruses.

That is, in the filter medium 12, the hydroxyl radical OH and ozone O ₃ generated by the reaction of singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ with water H ₂ O release oxygen atoms O to generate oxygen. A strong oxidizing action is being carried out when trying to become a molecule O ₂ , as well as oxygen atoms O and oxygen atoms O released from hydrogen peroxide H ₂ O ₂ . Therefore, pathogenic bacteria and viruses contained in the raw water are oxidized by this strong oxidizing action and are surely killed. The oxidizing action of these substances not only kills pathogenic bacteria and viruses, but also oxidizes organic substances contained therein, and decomposes them into carbon dioxide CO ₂ and water.

The water which has been sterilized in the filter medium 12 and decomposed and purified by decomposing organic matter is discharged to an outlet 10 through a pipe 8 and a valve 9 provided with a hole only at an upper portion as shown in FIG. Is sent.

The whole of the ozone O ₃ contained in the bubbles released from the diffuser plate 7 is not adsorbed by the filter medium 12 when floating, and a part of the ozone O ₃ passes through the filter medium 12. Sometimes. Ozone O ₃ has a high activity and releasing it directly into the atmosphere is dangerous for living organisms including humans. Therefore, an ultraviolet lamp 15 for irradiating ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 230 to 360 nm is provided on the upper lid of the sterilizing filtration device 1 to decompose ozone O ₃ and release it to the atmosphere from the air vent 20. In addition, since this ultraviolet lamp contains ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm and irradiates raw water before passing through the filter medium 12, it also performs secondary sterilization of pathogenic bacteria and viruses that inhabit the raw water. .

If this sterilizing filtration device 1 is used for a long time, clogging occurs in the filter medium 12. If this is left undisturbed, much time is required for the raw water to pass through the filter medium 12, and the ability of the apparatus 1 cannot be fully exhibited. Therefore, pressure is applied from the discharge port 10 to feed in, so that back washing can be performed. When water is sent in from the outlet 10, water that normally flows from top to bottom will now flow from bottom to top. When the pressure applied at this time is increased, not only does the water flow backward, but also the object constituting the filter medium 12 is moved and vibrated. At this time, the contaminants adhering to the surface are washed away and discharged outside through the backwash discharge port 14. In order to perform back washing, the barley stone and activated carbon constituting the filter medium 12 should not be packed with grit, but should be filled with a margin enough to create a gap to some extent. The object constituting the filter medium 12 vibrates or moves. So the effect goes up. If the air pressure sent from the air pump AP is increased during back washing, turbulence between bubbles and water is likely to occur in the filter medium 12, and the washing effect is further enhanced.

The singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ generated by irradiating ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 254 nm in the irradiation chamber 3 also contains all hydroxyradical OH when passing through the filter medium 12. Narazu, a part of superoxide O ₂ in a bubble ^- a. This dissolves in water and significantly increases the dissolved oxygen here. Therefore, the water sterilized and purified by the sterilizing filtration device 1 is rich in dissolved oxygen. It is suitable for sterilization and purification of water in aquariums and aquaculture farms by sterilizing without using chemicals such as chlorine and enriching dissolved oxygen.

In the above embodiment, the irradiation chamber 3 is provided with one ultraviolet lamp 4 for irradiating ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 180 to 260 nm, but an ultraviolet lamp having a wavelength of 184 nm for splitting oxygen molecules O ₂ is provided. And an ultraviolet lamp having a wavelength of 254 nm for decomposing ozone O ₃ may be provided separately.

In order to operate the sterilizing and filtering apparatus 1 stably for a long period of time, it is preferable to remove the suspended substances from the raw water using a coagulant or the like and then to take the raw water into the apparatus 1 to cause clogging. Is reduced.

[0022]

[Effect of the invention]

 By configuring the present invention as shown in the above embodiment, safe drinking water free of pathogenic bacteria and viruses can be secured even from dirty rivers and lakes.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a sterilizing filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a bottom surface of the sterilizing filtration device of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

1. ・ Sterilization filtration device 3. ・ Irradiation room 4. ・ Ultraviolet lamp 6. ・ Air intake port 7. ・ Diffuser 12
・ ・ Filter material 13 ・ ・ Dispersion plate 14 ・ ・ Backwash discharge port 16 ・ ・ Intake port

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] October 3, 1997

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claims for utility model registration

[Correction contents]

[Utility model registration claims]

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ identification code FI C02F 1/50 520 C02F 1/50 520A 531 531B 531R 540 540A 550 550H 560 560C 1/58 1/58 H 1/72 101 1/72 101

Claims (1)

[Utility model registration claims] 1. Oxygen molecules O ₂ are split by irradiating ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 184 nm to generate oxygen atoms O. The atomic oxygen O is combined with the oxygen molecules O ₂ to generate ozone O ₃ . , by decomposition by irradiation with ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 254nm to form free oxygen ¹ O ₂ singlet, these oxygen atoms O, ozone O _3, free oxygen ^first free oxygen ¹ O ₂ and singlet singlet O ₂ superoxide each other is generated by combining O ₂ ^- a gas containing, raw water pathogens like inhabit and released as bubbles from the bottom of the straining filtering material is floated while in contact with the filtering material, 250-310 residual ozone O ₃ contained in the air bubbles and dissolved in the water.
A germicidal filtration device characterized by being decomposed by irradiating ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of nm.