JP3051555U - Lightweight paving material - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To provide a lightweight pavement material which has good appearance, has rigidity, is lightweight, and can be easily laid and constructed by an amateur. A synthetic resin foam board is provided with holes having a diameter of 5 to 30 mm at intervals of 50 to 200 mm, and the holes are filled with cement mortar. A lightweight pavement material is obtained by laminating and applying pressure-molded lightweight tiles by adding water to ceramic fine hollow particles, natural crushed stone and glass fiber as a waterproof coating material.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

[Technical field to which the invention belongs]

 The present invention relates to flooring materials, and is a lightweight pavement material used especially for sidewalks and open spaces in parks, sidewalks with arcades, rooftops, garages of houses, doorways, verandas, and the like.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Conventionally, interlocking blocks have been used for sidewalks and squares in parks, sidewalks with arcades, residential garages, and entrances. The interlocking block manufactures ultra-hardened concrete using a high-vibration pressure immediate release method. It can withstand heavy objects due to the interlocking effect of shearing (interlocking) and can draw beautiful patterns in various colors and shapes in combination to have scenic value.

[0003] In interlocking, a lower roadbed and an upper roadbed are generally constructed on a roadbed, and a sand cushion is formed thereon and laid there.

The interlocking block is made of various materials such as lightweight concrete, brick, tile, natural stone, and rubber-like concrete in addition to concrete. Others use natural stone or artificial stone as the surface material and concrete as the backing material.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

 These products are all heavy and cannot be easily constructed by an amateur. An object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight pavement material which is extremely lightweight, can be easily transported and constructed by an amateur, can withstand heavy loads, has surface pressure strength, and is excellent in aesthetic value.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 According to the present invention, a hole of 5 to 30 mm in diameter is made in a synthetic resin foam board at an interval of 50 to 200 mm, and the hole is filled with cement mortar. Water-based ceramic fine hollow particles, natural crushed stone particles, and glass fiber are added to water-resistant material and laminated under pressure.

[0007]

[Embodiment of the invention]

 The synthetic resin foam plate is lightweight and easy to handle, but increasing the expansion ratio decreases the surface pressure strength. For example, when a surface material such as plywood is laminated on the surface of a synthetic resin foam plate having an expansion ratio of about 60 times, when a concentrated load is applied to the upper surface of the plywood, dents or the like may occur in the synthetic resin foam plate. When the magnification of the synthetic resin foam plate is further increased, the one-layer surface pressure strength decreases.

[0008] The types of resin used for the synthetic resin foam board used in the present invention include thermoplastic resins such as polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene, vinyl chloride, and polyurethane, and thermosetting resins such as urea, epoxy, hard polyurethane, and phenol. Polystyrene is the most suitable thermoplastic resin. In addition, a crushed waste plastic foam material can be used as a part of the synthetic resin foam board.

[0009] The surface pressure strength is greatly improved by drilling holes having a diameter of 5 to 30 mm at intervals of 50 to 200 mm in the synthetic resin foam plate and filling them with cement mortar. This is because the cement mortar reinforces the compressive force of the synthetic resin foam board in the vertical direction.

By coating the end face of the synthetic resin foam board with cement mortar, not only rigidity but also fire resistance, water resistance and weather resistance can be imparted to the synthetic resin foam board. The thickness of the cement mortar is preferably in the range of 3 to 15 mm.

When cement mortar is applied to the end surface of the synthetic resin foam board, the end face of the synthetic resin foam board is made uneven to increase the adhesive strength of the cement mortar, or a plastic or metal lath or mesh is used. If cement mortar is applied on top of this and laid into the synthetic resin foam board, the adhesion strength will be higher.

When light-weight tiles are laminated on the top surface of a synthetic resin foam board with holes perforated and filled with cement mortar, cement mortar is applied to the top face of the synthetic resin foam board, and cement mortar is used after curing. It is best to laminate the surface material immediately after applying the cement mortar without using an adhesive. In places where water resistance and weather resistance are not impaired, lightweight tiles may be attached and laminated directly to the synthetic resin foam board using an adhesive without applying cement mortar on the top surface, or An uncured lightweight tile composition may be applied directly.

As the lightweight tile to be laminated on the surface side, a thin one having a thickness of 3 to 15 mm is used. Even if the surface material is thin, the shearing force is greatly improved by using a synthetic resin foam plate material in which holes are drilled at predetermined positions and the holes are filled with cement mortar as a backing material. For this reason, the appearance is excellent, the strength is high, the weight is very light, and the construction is easy.

The lightweight tiles to be laminated on the surface side are preferably made of a synthetic resin emulsion coated water-proof material as a binder and have a compressive strength of 400 kgf / cm ² or more and a bulk specific gravity of 0.1. Water is used as the main constituent material of fine ceramic hollow particles and natural crushed stone particles having a melting point of 1300 ° C. or more with a melting point of ^{3 to} 0.5 g / cm ³ . It is.

[0015] Acrylic resin emulsions, vinyl acetate emulsions, vinyl chloride resin emulsions, vinylidene chloride resin emulsions, styrene / butadiene resin emulsions, and epoxy resin emulsions are used as synthetic resin emulsions for coating waterproofing materials used for lightweight tiles. Examples include resin emulsions and copolymers of acrylic acid esters, styrene, ethylene, vinyl esters, vinyl acetate, synthetic rubber, and the like.

For example, copolymers of these include acrylic / vinyl acetate copolymers, vinylidene chloride / butyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, and the like. The amount of the synthetic resin emulsion composition used is in the range of 5 to 30% by weight. If it is less than 5% by weight, the physical properties of the lightweight tile will not be improved, and if it is more than 30% by weight, the stability of the lightweight tile will be reduced.

In order to improve the properties of the waterproof coating material comprising a synthetic resin emulsion, if necessary, various surfactants as a dispersant, an emulsifier for stabilizing the emulsion, an emulsion wrinkle inhibitor, a thickening agent Agents, anti-sagging agents, anti-settling agents, anti-freezing agents and the like may be added. Further, for the purpose of improving the performance, a plasticizer for giving flexibility, a stabilizer for preventing deterioration due to heat and light, a fungicide for preventing the occurrence of mold, and the like may be added.

The lightweight tile is extremely lightweight because the high-strength ceramic fine hollow particles are bonded and fixed to each other, and has a specific gravity of 0.5 to 0.7 g / cm ³ . In addition, it is extruded or pressed at 10 to 500 kgf / cm ² during molding, so that it becomes dense and has high strength, and the compression strength becomes 100 kgf / cm ² or more.

Since high-strength ceramic fine hollow particles can exist completely in the form of a hollow body in a lightweight tile, the ceramic fine hollow particles are fixed by point bonding, so that they are innumerable in addition to point bonding. It was found that there was a capillary air flow hole.

The hollow ceramic fine particles have particularly high compressive strength as compared with conventional fine hollow foams, and can withstand high stress and shear force generated in the process of manufacturing lightweight tiles. Further, by pressing, it is possible to make a dense lightweight tile despite its light weight.

The compressive strength of the ceramic fine hollow particles or the fine hollow foam is synonymous with the water pressure resistance, and the compressive strength is measured by pressing the fine hollow foam in water and applying the pressure to the water. The compressive strength is the pressure transmitted to the foam and broken by the fine hollow foam.

Light-weight tiles that can exhibit excellent performance must have sufficient stirring and kneading steps, and are particularly important for high-quality lightweight tiles with a uniform product. When the composition is sufficiently agitated and kneaded, the stress and shearing force applied to the hollow ceramic fine particles are about 400 kgf / cm ² . None of the conventional fine hollow foams could withstand such high pressure, and none of them could be used as such lightweight tiles to obtain sufficient performance. That is, most of them are destroyed.

Next, when ceramic fine hollow particles are used for lightweight tiles, an important factor is thermal conductivity. The fine hollow foam is generally about 0.1 (kcal / mhr ° C.) depending on its particle size, and when half of the filled fine hollow foam is broken, the thermal conductivity is about 0.2 (kcal / mhr). / Mhr ° C). Excellent effects can only be obtained if a completely fine hollow foam which is not destroyed is used. The ceramic fine hollow particles used in the present invention have remarkably higher compressive strength than conventional fine hollow foams such as shirasu balloon, glass balloon, and silica balloon. % Perfectly spherical. The compressive strength of a conventional fine hollow foam is 80 to 300 kgf / cm ² .

[0024] The melting point of the ceramic fine hollow particles used for the lightweight tile is 1300 ° C or more. Naturally, the fine hollow ceramic particles are caused by their material, but generally, the higher the melting point, the higher the compressive strength. If the compressive strength is 400 kgf / cm ² or more, its melting point becomes 1300 ° C. or more.

As described above, in the lightweight tile, the ceramic fine hollow particles are formed by foaming a ceramic composition comprising 50 to 60% of silica, 40 to 45% of alumina, and 1.5 to 2.5%. Its physical properties include a compressive strength of 700 kgf / cm ² , a melting point of 1600 ° C., a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.5 g / cm ³ , and a thermal conductivity of 0.1 (kcal / mhr ° C.). I have. The particle diameter of the ceramic fine hollow particles is in the range of 5 to 350 μm. Fine particles are 5 to 75 μm, medium particles are 75 to 150 μm, and coarse particles are 150 to 350 μm. Parts by weight and 30 parts by weight of a coarse mixture are used. The bulk specific gravity is heavy for fine particles and light for rough ones. For this reason, the range of the bulk specific gravity is 0.3 to 0.5 g / cm ³ , but that of which the particle size is adjusted is about 0.36 g / cm ³ .

With respect to 100 parts by weight of the synthetic resin emulsion, 300 to 900 parts by weight of the ceramic fine hollow particles are added. If the amount is less than 300 parts by weight, the fire resistance and heat insulating properties of the lightweight tile cannot be sufficiently exhibited, and if the amount is more than 900 parts by weight, the strength is greatly reduced. The amount of fine ceramic hollow particles can be adjusted according to the required physical strength and specific gravity of the lightweight tile.

The natural stone used as a raw material for the natural crushed stone particles may be any of granite, andesite, marble, serpentine and the like, and is not limited. Natural crushed stone particles are fine, medium, and coarse. Fine particle diameter is adjusted to 0.1 to 0.5 mm, medium to 0.5 to 1.5 mm, and coarse to 1.5 to 3.4 mm. To use. In addition to natural crushed stone particles, silica sand, silica stone powder, fly ash, silica fume, clay, talc, kaolin, crushed ceramic, crushed blast furnace slag, and siliceous dust may be added. For adjusting the particle size of the natural crushed stone particles, 40 parts by weight of fine grain, 30 parts by weight of medium grain and 10 parts by weight of coarse grain are mixed and used.

The glass fiber is a short fiber having a diameter of 13 μm or less and a length of 3 to 8 mm. This is because the smaller the diameter of the glass fiber is, the higher the tensile strength is, and if the diameter is 13 μm or less, a tensile strength of 100 kgf / cm ² or more can be obtained. The reason why the short fibers having a length of 3 to 8 mm are used is that the fibers can be uniformly dispersed without entanglement during stirring and kneading.

For the lightweight tile, in addition to the constituent materials described above, an admixture such as a dispersant, an antibacterial / antifungal agent, a stabilizer, an inorganic extender, or the like is used to improve properties. In addition, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, etc. are added as a thickener in order to improve extrusion moldability and cast pressure moldability. Titanium powder, alumina powder, glass powder, aluminum hydroxide and the like may be added for improving fire resistance and physical properties.

The shape and dimensions of the lightweight tile can be arbitrarily designed, and the dimensions are free and diversified. Square, rectangular, triangular, round, and other special shapes are possible. Any size can be formed, from small mosaic tiles to large tiles of 1 m or more. The shape includes a flat plate shape and one with an end part with a cut-out joint.

Since the lightweight tile is blended with natural crushed stone particles, various types of stone-grain patterns can be exhibited depending on the type of the natural crushed stone particles. In addition, the surface of the mold at the time of molding can be made into a natural stone pattern with irregularities, and the surface can be polished to produce a marble tone with a glossy surface.

Light-weight tiles can be made nonflammable due to a small amount of a coating water-proof material made of a synthetic resin emulsion used as a binder, and can be baked with a glaze applied to the surface. However, in this case, natural crushed stone is not included in the main constituent material of the lightweight tile. The surface can be finished in gold, silver, bronze, etc. by metallic coating. Also in this case, natural crushed stone particles are not blended.

[0033]

【Example】

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

Example Holes were formed at intervals of 100 mm in a polystyrene foam plate material having a thickness of 45 mm, a width of 490 mm, a width of 490 mm, and an expansion ratio of 80 times. The size of the hole was 15 mm in diameter from 40 mm to 40 mm from the surface of the polystyrene foam board, and the diameter of the hole was narrowed on the back surface and 5 mm on the back surface side.

The hole of the polystyrene foam plate is filled with cement mortar, and a metal lath # 240 is laid on the end surface of the polystyrene foam plate to bite into the polystyrene foam plate, and the cement mortar is applied thereon to a thickness of 5 mm. A lightweight tile having a thickness of 10 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a width of 500 mm was attached to the front side with an adhesive.

The lightweight tile is made of 100 parts by weight of a waterproof coating made of a synthetic rubber-modified acrylic copolymer emulsion, and has a compressive strength of 700 kgf / cm ² , a bulk density of 0.3 to 0.5 g / cm ³ , a melting point of 1600 ° C., and heat conduction. 650 parts by weight of fine ceramic hollow particles composed of only completely hollow particles at a rate of 0.1 (kcal / mhr ° C.), 650 parts by weight of natural fine stone particles, 350 parts by weight of crushed granite particles as natural crushed particles, glass powder 200 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide, 200 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide, 40 parts by weight of water, a composition obtained by adding an appropriate amount of a dispersing agent, a stabilizer and the like to an admixture, and then sufficiently stirring and kneading the mixture. The surface was molded under pressure at 50 kgf / cm ² and then cured at room temperature for 24 hours, and the surface was buffed to give a marble tone. The lightweight tile has a thickness of 10 mm, a width of 500 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a specific gravity of 0.6 g / cm ³ .

Although the lightweight pavement produced was 500 × 500 × 60 mm in shape and size and weighed only 3 kg, the surface pressure strength was comparable to that of the conventional interlocking block. The conventional interlocking block weighs 36 kg with the same dimensions.

[0038]

[Effect of the invention]

 As described above, in the present invention, a hole having a diameter of 5 to 30 mm is formed in a synthetic resin foam plate at intervals of 50 to 200 mm, the hole is filled with cement mortar, and the cement mortar is applied to an end surface of the synthetic resin foam plate. Then, a lightweight tile was stuck on the upper surface to produce a lightweight pavement material. This lightweight pavement material was extremely light and had high surface pressure strength, and was excellent in fire resistance, water resistance, and weather resistance, and could be easily applied by amateurs.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example lightweight pavement material.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the construction of a lightweight pavement material according to an embodiment.

[Explanation of Codes] Lightweight tile 2. Cement mortar 3. Metal flat lath 4. Synthetic resin foam board 5. Hole 6. Adhesive 7. Joints 8. Sand cushion 9. Upper roadbed 10. Lower subbase 11. Subgrade

Claims (1)

[Utility model registration claims] 1. A synthetic resin foam board having a thickness of 50 to 200 mm.
Drill holes with a diameter of 5 to 30 mm at intervals, fill the holes with cement mortar, apply cement mortar to the end surface of the synthetic resin foam plate, and coat the surface of the synthetic resin emulsion with a ceramic fine hollow Lightweight pavement material characterized by laminating light-weight tiles formed by adding water to particles, natural crushed stone particles and glass fiber and pressing.