JP3033922B2 - Engine ignition timing controller for air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling and heating apparatus using an engine as a drive source, and more particularly, to delaying the ignition timing of the engine from a predetermined time or to a predetermined time based on the operating state of the apparatus. The present invention relates to a control device for controlling the return.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a cooling / heating device is configured as follows.
Something was done.

[0003] That is, a compressor for compressing a refrigerant and an engine for driving the compressor are provided. Ma
In addition, the discharge port and the suction port of the refrigerant of the compressor are connected to outdoor heat exchange.
And a series circuit of indoor heat exchangers
The refrigerant flows through the series circuit in one of the forward and reverse directions.
It can flow selectively in one direction.

The refrigerant compressed by the compressor is supplied to the chamber.
Flow in the positive direction in the order of the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger
In this case, the cooling and heating device performs the cooling function,
The refrigerant is supplied in the reverse order in the indoor heat exchanger and outdoor heat exchanger
If it is allowed to flow, the air conditioner will perform the heating function.
You.

[0005] Also, cooling water can flow through the engine.
A cooling water passage is formed.
The engine is cooled by water flow
You.

In the above case, focusing on the point that the performance of the engine is improved, the ignition timing is set to a predetermined timing (hereinafter, referred to as "the ignition timing").
This is simply called a predetermined time. ), It is known that when the engine is driven, the performance of the engine is improved, but on the other hand, the concentration of NOx in the exhaust gas increases.

[0007] Therefore, conventionally, in order to reduce the Nox concentration in the exhaust, during normal operation of the engine, the ignition timing of the engine so that delayed than the predetermined time
At this time, the engine runs with insufficient performance
It has been proposed that this engine be driven after this is planned .

[0008]

By the way, recently, cooling and heating
Simple heating capacity when the cell unit performs heating
It is hoped that the structure will be improved
You.

Therefore, the engine was cooled to a high temperature.
Utilizing the heat of the cooling water and giving this heat to the refrigerant
Improved heating capacity during heating action of cooling and heating equipment
It is conceivable to make it.

[0010] However, in the case described above, the air conditioner
When the unit is performing a cooling action,
Heat is applied to the cooling water from the high-temperature refrigerant,
The cooling water will cause insufficient cooling of the engine.
Produce it.

Meanwhile, when the delay in driving than the predetermined timing, the ignition timing of the engine as described above, but Nox concentration can be reduced, during this, minutes of driving while the engine is insufficient performance, given Engine speed in getting the output of
It is necessary to increase the number of turns.

Therefore, the above-described engine cooling is insufficient.
And the engine becomes hot and breaks down
For example, the operation of the air conditioner may be hindered.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is intended for use in a case where a cooling / heating device performs a heating action.
Even when the heating capacity is improved with a simple configuration, and the ignition timing is delayed from a predetermined timing preferable from the viewpoint of the engine performance to drive the engine, the cooling and heating device using the engine as a drive source is aims to so that is operated always suitable state.

[0014]

A feature of the present invention to achieve the above object is to compress a refrigerant.
And the compressor 2 is driven.
An engine 3 is provided, and a discharge port and a suction port of the refrigerant of the compressor 2 are provided.
The mouth is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 10 and the indoor heat exchanger 13.
Are connected by series circuits 10 and 13, which are connected to each other.
13 is selected by the refrigerant in one of the forward and reverse directions.
It can be made to flow selectively, and when the engine 3 is in normal operation,
, In air conditioning apparatus so as also to dynamic driving is delayed from the predetermined timing, the ignition timing of the engine 3,

The outdoor heat exchanger 10 and the indoor heat exchanger 13
Of the outdoor heat exchanger 10 when the refrigerant flows in the order of
On the upstream side, these outdoor heat exchanger 10 and indoor heat exchanger 13
The waste heat exchanger 9 is connected in series so that the cooling water can flow.
The engine 3 is provided with a cooling water passage 18 for cooling.
The outlet and the inlet of the water passage 18 are connected to the radiator 21 and
The cooling water is communicated with a heat exchanger 9 in a parallel circuit.
When the temperature of the cooling water at the outlet of the passage 18 is low,
Cooling water passes through the thermostat 20 and the radiator 21
While the cooling water temperature is high
This cooling water passes through the thermostat 20 and
The waste heat exchanger is made to flow through the hot exchanger 9.
9 to exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing,

The temperature of the cooling water at the outlet of the cooling water passage 18
A cooling water temperature thermistor 32 for detecting
The point is that when the temperature thermistor 32 outputs a detection signal indicating that the temperature of the cooling water is high , the output signal returns the ignition timing of the engine 3 to the predetermined timing.

[0017]

[Operation] The operation of the above configuration is as follows.

When a compressor 2 for compressing a refrigerant is provided,
In both cases, an engine 3 for driving the compressor 2 is provided.
The discharge port and the suction port of the refrigerant of the compressor 2 are connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 1.
0, and the series circuits 10, 13 by the indoor heat exchanger 13.
And the refrigerant is positive in the series circuits 10 and 13.
Allows selective flow in either one of the opposite directions,
During normal operation of the engine 3, to the ignition timing of the engine 3 so as to drive delayed than the predetermined time
Is a prerequisite,

The outdoor heat exchanger 10 and the indoor heat exchanger 13
Of the outdoor heat exchanger 10 when the refrigerant flows in the order of
On the upstream side, these outdoor heat exchanger 10 and indoor heat exchanger 13
The waste heat exchanger 9 is connected in series so that the cooling water can flow.
The engine 3 is provided with a cooling water passage 18 for cooling.
The outlet and the inlet of the water passage 18 are connected to the radiator 21 and
The cooling water is communicated with a heat exchanger 9 in a parallel circuit.
When the temperature of the cooling water at the outlet of the passage 18 is low,
Cooling water passes through the thermostat 20 and the radiator 21
While the cooling water temperature is high
This cooling water passes through the thermostat 20 and
The waste heat exchanger is made to flow through the hot exchanger 9.
9 to exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing above.
Are defined as “first feature points”.

For this reason, the cooling and heating refrigerants described above
Cooling water for cooling the engine 3 passes through the waste heat exchanger 9
The heat exchange allows the engine 3 to cool and
The heat of the cooling water that has become warm is given to the refrigerant.
You.

Therefore, the use of the heat of the cooling water is simple.
With such a configuration, the warming-up of the air-conditioning
Improved tuft capacity is achieved.

Incidentally, as described above, the refrigerant and the cooling water
In particular, when the heat exchange is performed between
Is performing the cooling action, the waste heat exchanger 9
Since the refrigerant in the heat exchanger becomes hot, the waste heat exchanger 9
Then, heat is given to the cooling water from the high-temperature refrigerant described above.
As a result, the cooling of the engine 3 by the cooling water becomes insufficient.
May occur.

In addition, the "preconditions"
Drive the ignition timing of the engine 3
Then, the Nox concentration can be reduced.
Drive with insufficient performance to obtain the required output
Above, it is necessary to increase the rotation speed of the engine 3.

Therefore, the cooling of the engine 3 is insufficient.
The engine 3 gets hotter
The operation of the cooling and heating device 1 is hindered, for example, it is easy to break down.
May be affected.

Therefore, as the “second feature point” of the present invention,
The cooling system detects the temperature of the cooling water at the outlet of the cooling water passage 18.
A cooling water temperature thermistor 32 is provided.
32 output a detection signal indicating that the temperature of the cooling water is high.
When the ignition timing of the engine 3 is determined by the output signal,
It is returned to a predetermined time.

Therefore, the engine 3 determines the ignition timing.
By returning to the fixed time, the performance of the engine 3
It will be improved in view of the insufficient performance.

Therefore, the performance of the engine 3 is improved.
In order to obtain a predetermined output, the number of revolutions of the engine 3
The temperature of the engine 3 can be reduced accordingly.
Is suppressed from increasing. Therefore, as described above
In addition, the cooling of the engine 3 by the cooling water tends to be insufficient.
, The engine 3 is suppressed from becoming hot and fails
Is prevented.

[0028]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a cooling / heating device. The cooling / heating device 1 has a compressor 2 for compressing a refrigerant and an engine 3 for driving the compressor 2. Gas fuel such as gas or propane gas is used. A carburetor 4 is connected to an intake portion of the engine 3,
The fuel supplied to the carburetor 4 and the outside air A drawn into the carburetor 4 are mixed, supplied to the engine 3 and ignited.

The discharge port of the compressor 2 is connected by a first pipe 6 to an oil separator 7, a four-way switching valve 8 and a waste heat exchanger 9.
The outdoor heat exchanger 10 is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 13 by a second pipe 12.
13. Furthermore, this indoor heat exchanger 13,
Reference numeral 13 is connected to the suction port of the compressor 2 via a third pipe 14 via the four-way switching valve 8 and the liquid receiver 15.

That is, the discharge port and the suction port of the refrigerant of the compressor 2
The mouth is the waste heat exchanger 9, the outdoor heat exchanger 10, and
And a series circuit 9, 10, 13 with the indoor heat exchanger 13.
Through which the four-way switching valve 8 is switched.
The refrigerant flows in the forward direction through the series circuits 9, 10, 13
(Solid arrow in FIG. 2) and the opposite direction (virtual arrow in FIG. 2).
It is selectively flowable in one of the directions.

An engine cooling device 17 for cooling the engine 3 is provided.

The engine cooling device 17 has a cooling water passage 18 formed in the engine 3.
Is connected to a radiator 21 via a thermostat 20 by a cooling water supply pipe 19. The radiator 21 is connected to an inlet end of the cooling water passage 18 via a cooling water return pipe 22 via a water pump 23. A branch pipe 24 extends from the thermostat 20, and is connected to the cooling water return pipe 22 through the waste heat exchanger 9. Toes
The outlet and the inlet of the cooling water passage 18 are connected to the radiator
And a waste heat exchanger 9 in a parallel circuit.
Have been.

When the four-way switching valve 8 is switched to the state shown by the solid line in the figure and the compressor 2 is driven by the engine 3, the cooling / heating device 1 performs a cooling function.

That is, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which is separated from the oil separator 7, the four-way switching valve 8, and the waste heat The heat is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 10 through the exchanger 9. The refrigerant is radiated here and condensed into a high-pressure liquid, and then sent to the indoor heat exchangers 13. And
Here, the refrigerant is decompressed and evaporated to a low-temperature and low-pressure atomized state. At this time, the room is cooled by the indoor heat exchangers 13 and 13.

Next, the refrigerant is supplied to the four-way switching valve 8 and the receiver 1
5 and return to the compressor 2 to complete the cycle.

On the other hand, when the four-way switching valve 8 is switched to the state of the phantom line in the figure, the cooling and heating device 1 performs the heating action.

That is, after the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 2 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, this gas passes through the oil separator 7 as shown by a virtual line arrow in FIG. 13
Sent to. Then, the indoor heat exchangers 13, 13
This heats the room, and at this time, the refrigerant condenses into a high-pressure liquid. Then, the refrigerant is fed <br/> the outdoor heat exchanger 1 0, wherein, becomes a gas by given heat, then the waste heat exchanger 9, the four-way switching valve 8, Oyo
Then, the cycle returns to the compressor 2 through the receiver 15 and the cycle is completed.

On the other hand, in the engine cooling device 17, the cooling water discharged from the water pump 23 is supplied to the cooling water return pipe 2.
2. The cooling water passes through the cooling water passage 18, the cooling water supply pipe 19, the thermostat 20, and the radiator 21 and returns to the water pump 23, whereby the engine 3 is cooled. When the temperature of the cooling water at the outlet of the cooling water passage 18 is high, the cooling water is sent to the waste heat exchanger 9 through the thermostat 20 by the action of the thermostat 20, where
Heat is given to the refrigerant passing through the first pipe 6.

In the above case, at the outlet of the cooling water passage 18
When the temperature of the cooling water is low, this cooling water
The waste heat exchanger 9 does not flow as in
The refrigerant flowing through the exchanger 9 does not exchange heat with the cooling water.
In addition, the above cooling and heating functions are performed.

On the other hand, at the outlet of the cooling water passage 18
When the temperature of the cooling water is high, this cooling water
Flow through the waste heat exchanger 9 through the thermostat 20
Then, heat exchange with the refrigerant is performed in the waste heat exchanger 9,
Heat is given to this refrigerant.

At this time, the cooling / heating device 1 performs a heating operation.
If the refrigerant is high-temperature cooling water,
The heating capacity is improved by the heating action
It is preferable to be able to be raised.

However, the cooling / heating device 1 performs a cooling operation.
The refrigerant passing through the waste heat exchanger 9 is a compressor
Is it just after it is discharged from 2 and it is hot
In the waste heat exchanger 9, cooling from high-temperature refrigerant
Heat is given to the water, and the cooling water cools the engine 3.
There is a possibility that rejection will be insufficient ("first problem").
The means for solving this will be described later.

The engine 3 has an ignition timing adjusting device 25.
When the engine 3 is driven, the ignition timing adjustment device 25 is controlled by an electronic control device 26 to determine the ignition timing.

An abnormality avoidance sensor 28 for detecting the operation state of the cooling and heating device 1 is provided. The abnormality avoidance sensor 28 includes a refrigerant discharge temperature thermistor 29 that detects the temperature of the refrigerant at the discharge port of the compressor 2, a refrigerant pressure switch 30 that detects the pressure of the refrigerant, and a refrigerant that detects the temperature of the refrigerant in the second pipe 12. The cooling water temperature thermistor 32 detects the temperature of the outlet of the cooling water passage 18 in the engine cooling device 17.

FIGS. 1 and 3 show a flowchart of the control device 26, in which (P-1) to (P-17) show each step of the program.

First, the control device 26 will be described with reference to FIG. In the engine shown in FIG. 3, during normal operation of the engine 3, the engine 3 is driven with the ignition timing delayed from a predetermined timing, whereby the engine 3 has insufficient performance.
This is intended to reduce the concentration of Nox in the exhaust gas , after the operation is scheduled to be performed as it is.

That is, first, the rotation speed of the engine 3 (unit:
R. P. M) and the throttle opening (unit: °) in the carburetor 4 are detected (P-2). Next, based on these detection signals, the ignition timing (advance angle, unit: °) is determined from the two-dimensional map shown in Table 1 below (P-3), and the engine 3 is driven (P- 3). 4). After this, (P
-5), if the engine 3 keeps running continuously (P-
Returning to 2), if not, the engine 3 stops (P-6).

By the way, as described above, the engine 3
If the ignition timing is later than the predetermined timing,
x concentration can be reduced, but in this case, the engine 3 is insufficient.
In order to obtain the required output, the engine is driven by the performance.
As the engine speed increases, the engine 3
("Second problem").

[0050]

[Table 1]

Therefore, the above “first problem” and “second problem”
The following describes the means for solving the problem.
You.

In FIG. 1, when the engine 3 is in the above-mentioned driving state, the engine 3 has a minimum rotation speed (for example, 1200 RPM) or more (P-8), and the abnormality avoidance sensor 28 Any of the constituents
Outputs a detection signal of the air conditioning apparatus 1 is in an abnormal state (P-9), further, as with the (P-8), if the engine 3 is equal to or greater than the minimum rotational speed (P-10), before Symbol The normal operation of the engine 3 shown in FIG. 3 is stopped ( P-11),
The ignition timing adjusting device 25 controlled by the control device 26
Therefore, the ignition timing of the engine 3 is returned to the predetermined timing.
(P-12). Have, the improved performance of the engine 3 is Sasera
It is.

More specifically, when the temperature of the cooling water at the outlet of the cooling water passage 18 becomes too high (for example, 90 ° C. or more), the abnormality avoidance sensor 28 is configured.
When the cooling water temperature thermistor 32 detects the temperature, the ignition timing of the engine 3 is returned to a predetermined timing via the control device 26 and the ignition timing adjusting device 25.
Improve performance .

Then, as described above , the ignition timing of the engine 3 is returned to the predetermined timing (P-12),
When the performance is improved , the performance of this engine 3
In order to obtain a predetermined output, the engine 3
Can be reduced. Therefore, the rotation speed of the engine 3 is increased by one step (for example, 200RP.
M) Reduce (P-13) to reduce the load on the engine 3.

Then, the temperature of the engine 3 increases.
Is suppressed, and a failure is prevented. Also, in this case,
An abnormality display is made by the control device 26.

After a lapse of a predetermined time from (P-13) (P-14), when the abnormality avoidance sensor 28 does not output an abnormal state detection signal (P-1).
5) Clear the abnormal display (P-16) and return the engine 3 to the normal operation (P-17).

[0057]

According to the present invention, it is possible to compress a refrigerant.
And an engine for driving the compressor.
And a chamber is provided between the discharge port and the suction port of the refrigerant of the compressor.
Communicating a series circuit of the external heat exchange exchanger, and the indoor heat exchanger
And the refrigerant in the series circuit
"Prerequisite" is that the fluid can be selectively flown in one direction, and that during normal operation of the engine, the ignition timing of the engine is driven later than a predetermined timing.
age,

In the order of the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger,
This is located upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger when the refrigerant flows.
Waste heat exchanger in series with the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger.
The cooling water passage that allows the cooling water to flow
And the outlet and inlet of the cooling water passage are
で and the waste heat exchanger are connected in a parallel circuit.
The temperature of the cooling water at the outlet of the cooling water passage is low.
When this cooling water passes through the thermostat,
The temperature of the cooling water is high while
When this cooling water passes through the thermostat and waste heat
Flow through the waste heat exchanger.
Heat exchange with the moving refrigerant.
This is referred to as “first feature point”.

For this reason, the refrigerant for the cooling and heating functions is
Heat exchange with cooling water for cooling the engine via the waste heat exchanger
And the engine cools down to a high temperature.
The heat of the cooling water is given to the refrigerant.

Therefore, the use of the heat of the cooling water is simple.
Heating at the time of the heating operation of the air conditioner
Improved performance is achieved.

As described above, the refrigerant and the cooling water
In particular, if the heat exchange between
When performing cooling, the waste heat exchanger
Since the refrigerant in the waste heat exchanger has a high temperature,
Then, heat is given to the cooling water from the high-temperature refrigerant described above.
The cooling water will cause insufficient cooling of the engine.
Produce it.

In addition, according to the "preconditions", the engine
Drive the ignition timing of the engine
And the NOx concentration can be reduced,
In order to obtain the required output, it is necessary to drive with sufficient performance.
It becomes necessary to increase the number of revolutions of the engine.

Therefore, the above-mentioned engine cooling is insufficient.
And the engine becomes hot and breaks down
Operation of the air conditioner may be impeded.
There is.

Therefore, as the “second feature point” of the present invention,
Cooling water for detecting the temperature of the cooling water at the outlet of the cooling water passage
Temperature thermistor, and the cooling water temperature thermistor
When a detection signal is output indicating that the temperature of the
Return the ignition timing of the engine to the specified timing with a force signal
I'm doing it.

For this reason, the engine sets its ignition timing to a predetermined value.
By returning to the timing, the performance of the engine
It will be improved in view of insufficient performance.

Therefore, the performance of the engine is improved.
To reduce the engine speed to obtain the required output.
The temperature of the engine is higher
Is suppressed. Therefore, as described above,
If the engine cooling due to water cooling tends to be insufficient
Even if the engine temperature rises,
You.

That is, the cooling and heating device reduces the NOx concentration.
To improve the heating capacity during the heating action and
In this respect, the operation is always performed in a preferable state in that the temperature is prevented from becoming high .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a control device.

FIG. 2 is an overall diagram of a cooling / heating device.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the control device.

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 air conditioner 2 compressor 3 engine 9 waste heat exchanger 10 outdoor heat exchanger 13 indoor heat exchanger 18 cooling water passage 20 thermostat 21 radiator 25 ignition timing adjustment device 26 control device 28 abnormality avoidance sensor 32 cooling water temperature thermistor

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25B 27/02 F25B 27/00 F02P 5/14

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A compressor for compressing a refrigerant is provided.
In both cases, an engine that drives this compressor is provided,Above pressure
An outdoor heat exchanger between the outlet and the inlet of the refrigerant of the compressor, and
It communicates in a series circuit with an indoor heat exchanger, and this series circuit
The refrigerant is selective in one of the forward and reverse directions
Flowable and aboveDuring normal operation of the engine,
The engine is driven with the ignition timing of the engine delayed from the specified timing.
In the air conditioner to make itThe refrigerant flows in the order of the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger in this order.
These outdoor heat exchangers are located upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger when
The waste heat exchanger is connected in series with the heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger,
Forming a cooling water passage in the above engine that allows the flow of recirculated water
The outlet and the inlet of the cooling water passage are connected to the radiator and the
Communicate in a parallel circuit with the waste heat exchanger and use the cooling water
When the temperature of the cooling water at the outlet of the passage is low, this cooling
Water flows through the radiator through the thermostat
On the other hand, when the temperature of the cooling water is high,
Water flows through the waste heat exchanger through the thermostat
So that the refrigerant flowing through the waste heat exchanger
To exchange heat with Cooling water for detecting the temperature of the cooling water at the outlet of the cooling water passage
Temperature thermistor, and the cooling water temperature thermistor
If the temperature of the water is high When the detection signal of
Return the ignition timing of the engine to the specified timing with a force signal
Ignition timing control system for air conditioner engine
Place.