JP3029997B2 - How to treat shredder dust - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating shredder dust, which is used to treat garbage, that is, shredder dust, generated when a scrapped car or used home electric appliance is cut into shredders into iron scrap.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Remaining garbage obtained by removing recyclable metal objects from shredder dust is called shredder dust in the automobile and other industries and is disposed of at a disposal site. There are two types of disposal sites: a stable type that disposes in landfills in Yamano, etc., a shield type that blocks out radioactivity and heavy metals from the outside, and a rubber sheet on the bottom so that organic substances do not seep outside. The shredder dust has been disposed of in a stable landfill until now.

[0003]

However, from the environmental point of view, a method has been launched to request that the disposal site be shifted to a more secure management type than a stable type, and the industry is not moving in that direction. Now, there is a shortage of managed disposal sites,
Increased costs associated with the migration and problems such as unsafety due to elution of heavy metals such as lead have been raised even in the case of the controlled type.

An object of the present invention is to propose an inexpensive and safe method for treating shredder dust which can sufficiently cope with the above problems.

According to the present invention, there is provided a crushing step for crushing shredder dust into a substance having a predetermined particle size within a range of 25 mm to 1.5 mm by a crusher, and crushing the substance crushed by the step. And a light-weight material containing the powder, and a filtering step of sucking the light-weight material containing the powder selected in the process together with air and filtering the light-weight material and the powder with a filter. Separating the heavy materials selected in the separation process for recycling, and performing the process of burning the light-weight materials separated in the filtration separation process as combustibles. Collected in
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the powder separated in the filtration separation step is recovered for melting.
However, the crusher has a shredder dust input port, a plurality of hammers fixed to the outer periphery of the rotor, and a breaker plate for crushing solids of the shredder dust input into the input port based on the impact of the hammer. And the soft material of the shredder dust is cut and crushed between a rotating hammer and the crushed material and the crushed material by the breaker plate are discharged to a predetermined particle size within a range of 25 mm to 1.5 mm. A hammer crusher-type crusher provided with a great bar having a selected gap for the filter. The filter according to claim 3 introduces a lightweight material containing powder together with the intake air. Inverted L-shaped introduction chamber for dropping and stacking articles, and multiple stages of bag filters installed adjacent to the introduction chamber via a separator consisting of a number of thin bars vertically inclined in parallel Consists of a filter chamber, wherein with the introduction chamber provided lightweight product recovery means at the bottom and is characterized in that a cyclone bag filter provided with powder collecting means to the filter chamber bottom.

According to the first aspect, the shredder dust is crushed and sorted into a heavy material and a light material containing powder, and further, the powder is removed and sorted from the light material, and all of them are crushed into a material having a certain particle size or less. And since they are selected, each can be properly, safely and easily disposed of. That is, heavy materials such as sand and glass can be recycled as road materials, lightweight urethane foams and the like can be incinerated and heat used as combustible materials, and powder (dust) can be used.
, Dust and copper scraps can be sent to the melting plant for disposal.

According to the second aspect, since the shredder dust is crushed by utilizing an impact force or the like, efficient fine crushing and crushing of a desired particle size can be achieved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the light-weight material in the suction air is separated and recovered by a cyclone method, dust (powder of dust, heavy metal, etc.) is efficiently attached and recovered by a bug, and the air is cleaned and discharged. it can.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, schematic steps of an embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 1, a shredder dust 1 cut into an appropriate size enters a vibration chute 2 after removing a metal object such as iron. In the vibration chute 2, the shredder dust 1 is sequentially applied to the crusher 3 by giving an appropriate vibration. The crusher 3 is a hammer crusher-type crusher, which will be described in detail later. The crusher 3 crushes hard objects in dust, impacts and crushes soft objects, tears and crushes soft objects, and has a particle size of 25 mm to 1.
The material having a predetermined particle size within a range of 4 m or less is discharged. Here, the size of the particle size is determined in consideration of the size and type of the shredder dust raw material, its processing time, cost, and the like, and the optimum size of the particle size (desired particle size) is selected.

The material crushed by the crusher 3 and discharged to a predetermined particle size or less enters a sorter 4, where a heavy material 5 and
The powder-containing light-weight material 6 is separated by a sorter 4 using a normal vibration-type sieving method. The weight 5 is a solid having a predetermined particle size such as glass or sand, and is reused as a road skeleton material.

Since the powder-containing light material 6 contains powder paint dust such as lead, it is necessary to separate the bulky light material. Then, the powder-containing lightweight material 6 is sucked into the filter 7 together with air. As will be described in detail later, the filter 7 is a cyclone bag type filter, and a light-weight material, that is, a certain size is collected by dropping and collecting by a cyclone method, that is, utilizing inertial force, and the powder is air. It is collected in a bag and placed in a stream to purify the air and discharge it. This filter 7
Since the powder 8 separated by the above contains a heavy metal such as lead, it is sent to a melting plant to be granulated sludge and reused. Further, since the lightweight material 9 is mainly a combustible material such as urethane foam, it is sent to a combustion plant and reused as a heat source.

As described above, the shredder dust treated according to the embodiment is crushed to a predetermined particle size or less, and is sorted by weight. Then, the heavy metal powder having a problem in disposal is recovered and separated. As a result, each can be appropriately disposed of, so that capital investment costs and processing costs for the disposal can be saved, and accordingly, the costs can be reduced accordingly.

Next, the crusher 3 used in the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In these figures, the hammer 10
Is a high manganese chromium cast steel material which is fixed to the rotor 13 in four rows and at four circumferential positions and has high wear resistance, and is formed in a shape that exhibits the best crushing effect. The breaker plate 11 is made of the same material as the hammer, and is made so that it can be easily attached to the inner surface of the frame 17 by a cotter. Rotating hammer 10
Is given a shock based on the hitting and crushing. The great bar 12 is made of the same material as a consumable part such as a hammer, has a large number of divergent gaps in the lower half of the frame 17 and is formed in a fence shape that does not cause clogging of crushed material. Bolt (not shown). The great bar 12 has several types of different gaps, and the selection of the type of the gap determines the desired crushing particle size. FIG. 4 is a table showing an example of the relationship between the great bar gap (type) and the crushing particle size. In addition to the above-mentioned particle size determining function, the great bar 12 cuts a relatively soft material among the input materials 18, which is hard to be crushed by a hammer impact, between the rotating hammer 10 and the material 18. It also has the function of crushing into thin, small objects and discharging them from the gap. The rotor 13 is rotatably supported at both ends by a bearing 14 using a repetitive impact load bearing, and is rotatably driven by a pulley 19 that is transmitted by a multi-stage belt to a motor (not shown). It has a structure manufactured by shrink-fitting a hammer disk for fixing the shaft 10 around a shaft.

Since the crusher 3 has the structure described above,
Most of the input, shredder dust 18,
By the rotation of the rotor 13 and the hammer 10, the crusher is crushed between the breaker plate 11 and the breaker plate 11 by impact, and
Is discharged at a predetermined particle size from the gap, and also soft substances are cut off near the great bar 12 and then discharged.
Acts as a swing hammer crusher.

Next, the filter 7 used in the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In these figures, the filter 7
Has an inverted L-shaped introduction chamber 20 and a filter chamber 23 which is partitioned by a partition plate 26 and is adjacent to the filter chamber 23 via a separator 21. The introduction chamber 20 has an inverted L-shape in which the upper part is bent, and the intake, that is, the dust-containing air 30 including a lightweight object is introduced into the introduction port 31, and the flow along the partition plate 26 has a large inertia force (bulky). Only the lightweight object 9 collides with the side wall 27 as indicated by an arrow X to cause the lightweight object having lost inertia to settle downward by gravity, and only the lightweight object 9 is discharged from the discharge chute 32 through the lightweight object recovery means 24 having a transport function. It functions as a so-called cyclone (inertial force) type separation chamber for discharging.

The filter chamber 23 is provided with four filter filters 22 made of filter cloth in the vertical direction, and the opening, that is, the clean air outlet side of the filter chamber 23 is connected to the clean chamber connected to the negative pressure source via the discharge port 34. 28, and the other side, i.e., the outside of the dust collection, faces the dust collection chamber 29, and the separator 21 is formed by arranging a large number of thin rods in the vertical direction with respect to the adjacent introduction chamber 20. It has a powder collecting means 25 below. Due to the negative pressure applied to the cleaning chamber 28, the filter chamber 23 includes a bag filter 22, a separator 21, and an intake 30 from an inlet 31.
Only dust-containing air is sucked while being deflected downward as indicated by arrow Y. Most of the light-weight object 9 stalls downward in the introduction chamber 20 as described above, but a part of the light-weight object 9 does not flow into the bag side by the suction air flow. However, this is hooked by the thin rod of the separator 21, and is prevented from flowing into the dust collection chamber 29. When the dust-containing air enters the bag filter 22, the dust (powder) dust 8 is filtered by a filter cloth, adheres to the outer surface, and adheres to the outer surface.
Only the air enters the filter cloth, passes through the cleaning chamber 28, and is drawn from the outlet 34 to the negative pressure source side. Dust (powder) adhering to the outer surface of the bag filter 22 is scraped off by dust removing means (not shown) using a separately provided brush or the like, and is collected by the powder collecting means 25 together with the previously dropped dust.

[0018]

According to the present invention, there is provided a processing method of crushing, filtering and separating so as to effectively use shredder dust treated as a troublesome substance, which has only been disposed as waste. There is an effect that the cost for processing the shredder dust can be reduced and the safety of the processing can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a processing step according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a crusher used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between a great bar gap and a crushing particle size of a crusher used in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory sectional view of a filtration separator used in the present invention.

6 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the one in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Shredder dust 2 Vibration chute 3 Crusher 4 Sorter 5 Heavy material 6 Powder-containing lightweight material 7 Filter 8 Powder 9 Lightweight material 10 Hammer 11 Breaker plate 12 Great bar 13 Rotor 14 Bearing 15 Motor 16 Input port 17 Frame 18 Input Object 19 Pulley 20 Reverse L-shaped introduction chamber 21 Separator 22 Bag filter 23 Filter chamber 24 Light-weight material recovery means 25 Powder recovery means 26 Partition plate 27 Side wall 28 Clean room 29 Dust collection chamber 30 Dust-containing air containing light-weight material 31 Inlet 32 Discharge chute 33 Dust-containing air 34 Discharge port

Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-8-10743 (JP, A) JP-A-2-214548 (JP, A) JP-A-60-230921 (JP, A) JP-A-48-15162 (JP) , A) Fully open 1988-130177 (JP, U) Fully open 50-50479 (JP, U) Fully open 1986-191132 (JP, U) Fully open 1979-45681 (JP, U) Fully open 60-91226 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 62-156326 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B09B 5/00 ZAB B01D 46/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] The shredder dust has a particle size of 25 mm to 1.
A crushing step of crushing by a crusher into an object having a predetermined particle size within a range of 5 mm, a sorting step of sorting the crushed object into a light-weight object including a heavy substance and a powder by a separator, and A filtration step of inhaling a light-weight material containing the powder separated by the air together with air and filtering and separating the light-weight material and the powder by a filter. For the purpose of combusting the light-weight material separated in the filtration separation step as a combustible substance, and for melting the powder separated in the filtration separation step. A method for treating shredder dust. 2. A shredding machine, wherein a shredder dust input port, a plurality of hammers fixed to the outer periphery of a rotor, and a solid substance of the shredder dust input into the input port are crushed by collision based on hammering and hitting. The soft material of the shredder dust is cut and crushed between the breaker plate to be crushed and the rotating hammer, and the crushed material and the crushed material by the breaker plate are subjected to a particle size of 25 mm to 1.
The shredder dust treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the shredder dust is a hammer crusher-type crusher including a great bar having a gap for discharging the particles to a predetermined particle size within a range of 5 mm. 3. The filter comprises an inverted L-shaped introduction chamber into which a light-weight material containing powder is introduced together with the intake air and the light-weight material is dropped and collected, and a plurality of thin rods vertically inclined in the introduction chamber. A cyclone bag filter comprising a filter chamber in which a plurality of stages of bag filters are provided adjacent to each other with a separator interposed therebetween, wherein a light-weight collecting means is provided below the introduction chamber, and a powder collecting means is provided below the filter chamber. A method for treating shredder dust according to claim 1.